CN109220929A - A method of improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate - Google Patents
A method of improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220929A CN109220929A CN201811343777.2A CN201811343777A CN109220929A CN 109220929 A CN109220929 A CN 109220929A CN 201811343777 A CN201811343777 A CN 201811343777A CN 109220929 A CN109220929 A CN 109220929A
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 241001124325 Marsupenaeus japonicus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HALQELOKLVRWRI-VDBOFHIQSA-N doxycycline hyclate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].[Cl-].CCO.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H]([NH+](C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H]([NH+](C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O HALQELOKLVRWRI-VDBOFHIQSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960001172 doxycycline hyclate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- SGKRLCUYIXIAHR-AKNGSSGZSA-N (4s,4ar,5s,5ar,6r,12ar)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,5,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4h-tetracene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]3[C@](C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@H]3N(C)C)(O)C3=O)C3=C(O)C2=C1O SGKRLCUYIXIAHR-AKNGSSGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DFGWJCZWKBGVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cl+].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [Cl+].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] DFGWJCZWKBGVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003149 assay kit Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003722 doxycycline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238550 Penaeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 is disinfected Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, belong to the technical field of Marsupenaeus japonicus industrial aquaculture, the above method includes: the processing of (1) workshop: entire workshop is covered with black sunshade net or black plastic cloth；(2) aquaculture pond is handled: filling the water respectively into the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond and the chlorine dioxide that high concentration is added is impregnated, disinfected, then spread the fine sand with a thickness of 5-10cm at the second aquaculture pond bottom；(3) shrimp seedling is launched: being filled the water into the first aquaculture pond, is then launched the shrimp seedling of the long 0.5-0.7cm of body；Shrimp seedling body it is long to 2.5-3cm when, shrimp seedling is transferred in the second aquaculture pond；(4) shrimp seedling body it is long to 4.0-4.5cm when, adjust water height, daily quantity of exchanged water, bait throwing in type and bait throwing in specific gravity in the second aquaculture pond；(5) fishing in due course.The method of the present invention can effectively improve the survival rate of Marsupenaeus japonicus, increase economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of Marsupenaeus japonicus industrial aquaculture, specifically disclose a kind of raising industrial aquaculture
The method of Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate.
Background technique
Marsupenaeus japonicus (Marsupenaeusjaponicas) is former to claim japonicus, is subordinate to Decapoda, Penaeidae, capsule pair
Shrimp category is that a kind of life cycle is short, grows rapid shellfish, is mainly distributed in China coastal each on the south Zhejiang
It saves.The shrimp is fresh and alive because its feeding habits is miscellaneous, fast, adaptable, the resistance to dry transport of growth, Fresh & Tender in Texture, full of nutrition, delicious flavour
Edible different flavor, the deep favor by domestic and international the majority of consumers, it has also become the master of South China, Northern Coastal Provinces prawn culturing
One of kind is wanted, the market price is much higher than other prawn culturing types.But there is Marsupenaeus japonicus cannibalism, substrate to select simultaneously
It selects, the biological characteristics of dispersed operations, outdoor pond culture is current main breeding way, and per unit area yield is only 850kg/hm2, difficult
To meet the market demand, there is an urgent need to new aquaculture models to improve its survival rate and yield.
Summary of the invention
To solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of raising industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival
The method of rate, cultivation step is scientific and reasonable, can effectively improve the survival rate of Marsupenaeus japonicus, up to 75%-85%.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of method for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, comprising:
(1) workshop is handled: being covered entire workshop with black sunshade net or black plastic cloth, is controlled either inside on daytime light
According to intensity, to reduce intensity of illumination, allow workshop close to full dark state；
(2) aquaculture pond is handled: filling the water and be added the titanium dioxide of high concentration respectively into the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond
Chlorine is impregnated, is disinfected, and is prevented the generation of " red circle disease ", is then spread at the second aquaculture pond bottom with a thickness of the thin of 5-10cm
It is husky；
(3) shrimp seedling is launched: it is filled the water into the first aquaculture pond, then launches the shrimp seedling of the long 0.5-0.7cm of body, throw-in density:
350-400 tail/m2, water is replaced once daily, and is fed and sterilized；Shrimp seedling body it is long to 2.5-3cm when, supported to second
Pond water filling is grown, shrimp seedling is transferred in the second aquaculture pond, throw-in density 180-200 tail/m2, water replaces once daily, goes forward side by side
Row feeds and sterilizes；
(4) shrimp seedling body it is long to 4.0-4.5cm when, adjust water height and daily quantity of exchanged water in the second aquaculture pond, pond
Water is replaced once daily, and is fed and sterilized；
(5) timely fishing: prawn is averaged, body is long to 8.6-10.0cm, when average weight is to 5.9-8.1g, is caught at night
Fishing.
Further, in the step (1), either inside intensity of illumination on daytime is no more than 20Lx, is measured with illumination photometer.
Further, in the step (2), chlorine dioxide concentration in water body is 100ppm, in the first aquaculture pond and the
Water height is 5cm in two aquaculture ponds, impregnates 3-6 hours, then cleans aquaculture pond with the fresh seawater that 200 mesh yarn thin,tough silk filter.
Further, in the step (2), fine sand diameter is no more than 0.5mm, is laid with area and accounts for the 2/3 of bottom of pond area, out
It is the bolting silk plug of 10 mesh that mesh is used on the inside of the mouth of a river, prevents shrimp seedling from escaping from aquaculture pond, establishes one and aquaculture pond on the outside of water outlet
Highly parallel plastic tube, by pipeline skew back when draining.
Further, in the step (3), water height is 70-80cm in the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, changes water
Amount is the 1/6-1/5 of total water body amount, feeds fresh and alive or chilled bait fairy shrimp, feeds 4 times, respectively 7:00,12:00 daily,
17:00,22:00；Daytime: feeding ratio at night is 4:6；Feeding volume accounts for the 15%-20% of shrimp weight.
Further, in the step (3), shrimp seedling is transferred to before the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, into water body
The vitamin of the uniform 5-8ppm that splashes, prevents stress reaction；After shrimp seedling enters pond 2 hours, how western the hydrochloric acid to water splashing 2ppm is
Ring element plays the role of damaged shrimp to body surface and plays disinfection and sterilization.
Further, in the step (4), water height 60-70cm in the second aquaculture pond, quantity of exchanged water is total water body amount
, it is primary to change water daily, feeds chilled small fish, feeds 3 times, respectively 7:00,17:00,22:00 daily；Daytime:
Feeding ratio at night is 3:7, and feeding volume accounts for 10% or so of shrimp weight, and small fish is twisted into width about before feeding, with machine
The fine grained chippings of 0.5cm is fed in the region of not fine sand；Workshop headlamp is opened during feeding, is fed end and is turned off immediately.
Further, the disinfectant that the step (3) and (4) middle disinfection use is Betagen Solution, and water body concentration is
0.025-0.03ppm。
Further, it places 10-12 gas stone respectively in first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, carries out oxygenation；
Every 10 days, water disinfectant of splashing respectively into the first aquaculture pond or the second aquaculture pond.
Further, in breeding process, at 28-31 DEG C, oxygen in water is not less than 5g/m for water temperature control3, salinity
For 29.4-32.7, pH value 7.8-8.2.
Further, in the breeding process, there is " red circle disease ", shrimp seedling is transferred to new aquaculture pond, old cultivation in time
Pond is impregnated with chlorine dioxide, is disinfected, water body concentration: 100ppm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
Industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus mode disclosed in this invention is compared with existing native pool aquaculture model, cultivation step
It is rapid scientific and reasonable, it can effectively improve the survival rate of Marsupenaeus japonicus, up to 75%-85% (it is counted from the long 2.5-3cm of prawn body,
Before this body is long, prawn culturing survival rate 95%), overall productivity can be improved, economic benefit is increased.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, specific embodiment will be used below
It is described in detail, but the present invention is limited to absolutely not these examples.The following is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only used to
Explain the present invention, it cannot be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that all of the invention
Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. done within spirit and principle, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Except specified otherwise, component used in the present invention is commercial product.
The present invention provides a kind of method for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, and specific embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1
A method of improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) workshop is handled: spreading the plastic cloth or sunshade net of multilayer black in ceiling and workshop window, light is stopped to enter
Workshop, workshop light on daytime are no more than 20Lx, are measured with illumination photometer；Lighting device is installed in workshop, in case feeding during cultivation
Shrimp seedling is used, and pays attention to windowing ventilation at night；
(2) shrimp ponds prepare: the first, second cultivation pool area is 8m2, pond type is rectangle (2*4m), south-north direction, pond
There is certain slope at bottom, and Bei Gaonan is low, and discharge outlet is close to bottom of pond in pool side southern side；Water inlet is in cultivation pool side north side, with aquaculture pond
Highest point is parallel, and water inlet seawater is filtered with 200 mesh yarn thin,tough silk.By 40g chlorine dioxide (producer: the red female biotechnology in Pingdingshan City
Co., Ltd, model: improver of water quality chlorine dioxide powder) it is dissolved in the plastic barrel of 10L, it stirs evenly, splashes to first and support
Pond pool wall and bottom of pond are grown, aquaculture pond is scrubbed, fresh seawater is injected in backward pond, is highly 5cm, is impregnated 3-6 hours, then with sea
Water rinses aquaculture pond well；Water outlet on the inside of aquaculture pond is clogged with the yarn thin,tough silk plug of 10 mesh, when preventing from changing water in the future, shrimp seedling is escaped from feeding
Grow pond；Xiang Chizhong injects the fresh seawater of water height 80cm, launches shrimp seedling；When shrimp seedling body length reaches 2.5cm, prepares second and support
Pond is grown, above-mentioned sterilizing operation is repeated, backward aquaculture pond is laid with 10cm fine sand, is laid with since pool side most north side, close to water outlet
Pool side side without fine sand, diameter is no more than 0.5mm, and (fine sand screens out bulky grain gravel through rough sand exposure 2 days processing, 30 mesh mesh screens
Gained), it is laid with area and accounts for the 2/3 of bottom of pond area；Xiang Chizhong injects fresh seawater, water height 70cm.
(3) shrimp seedling launch: launch the long 0.5-0.7cm of body shrimp seedling before, first to water splashing 32g vitamin (concentration:
5ppm), pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, (producer: Shen Kang pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Handan City, model: strength of splashing after mixing evenly
Removing toxic substances stress spirit vitamin ad3 E premixed feed), prevent the stress reaction of shrimp seedling；After shrimp seedling enters pond 2 hours, to water splashing
The Doxycycline Hyclate (concentration: 2ppm) of 12.8g, same pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, (producer: mountain of splashing after mixing evenly
Biology Pharmacy Co., Ltd is closed by Eastcom, and model: potent antibacterial is net), there is damaged shrimp to body surface and play disinfection and sterilization, reduces
The shrimp seedling death rate launches 3000-3200 tail shrimp seedling (shrimp seedling density: 375-400 tail/m in pond2)；Shrimp seedling body is long to 2.5cm
When, the second aquaculture pond is moved into, first the Doxycycline Hyclate of backward water splashing 44.8g vitamin (concentration: 8ppm) and 11.2g
(concentration: 2ppm), concrete operations are carried out by above-mentioned steps, and 1600 tail shrimp seedlings (shrimp seedling density: 200 tails/m is launched in pond2).Salt
Sour Doxycycline only enters pond and the when of falling pond use in shrimp seedling, other periods do not use the drug, and vitamin cultivates early period in shrimp seedling
It uses, after its adaptation water body variation of later period, will not be used；
(4) water quality management and oxygenation: every morning 7:00-8:00, it is primary that aquaculture pond changes water, before the long 4cm of shrimp seedling body, water
Body height 70-80cm, quantity of exchanged water are the 1/6 of total Water, and after the long 4cm of shrimp seedling body, water height 60-70cm, quantity of exchanged water is total
The 1/4 of water；It splashed every 10 days into pond water disinfectant Betagen Solution, water body concentration is 0.025ppm (producer: the Weihe River
Pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of mill Yonghe County, model: Betagen Solution)；Aquaculture pond launches 12 gas stones, carries out oxygenation, is adjusted with air valve
Water body oxygen concentration is not less than 5g/m with indices, dissolved oxygen in YSI81535 type Water Test Kits measurement water3, salinity control
It is advisable in 29.4-32.7, pH value in 7.8-8.2, water temperature is controlled at 28-31 DEG C, is lower than 24 DEG C of prawn slow growths；
(5) it feeds management: before the long 4cm of prawn body, feeding fresh and alive or chilled fairy shrimp 4 times, respectively 7:00 daily, 12:
00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: feeding ratio at night is 4:6；Feeding volume accounts for the 15%-20% of shrimp weight, and full pond is uniformly splashed
Fairy shrimp；After the long 4cm of prawn body, feed daily chilled small fish 3 times, respectively 7:00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: it throws at night
The ratio of feeding is 3:7, and feeding volume accounts for 10% or so of shrimp weight, and it is broken that small fish is twisted into width about 0.5cm before feeding, with machine
Block is fed in the region of not fine sand；Workshop headlamp is opened when feeding shrimp seedling, end is fed and turns off immediately.
(6) it timely fishing: prawn body is long to 8.6-10.0cm, when weight is to 5.9-8.1g, is caught at night.
Through counting, breeding process Prawn shoot survival percent 80% (the long 2.5cm of prawn body is counted).
Embodiment 2
A method of improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) workshop is handled: spreading the plastic cloth or sunshade net of multilayer black in ceiling and workshop window, light is stopped to enter
Workshop, workshop light on daytime are no more than 20Lx, are measured with illumination photometer；Lighting device is installed in workshop, in case feeding during cultivation
Shrimp seedling is used, and pays attention to windowing ventilation at night.
(2) shrimp ponds prepare: the first, second aquaculture pond effective area 6m2, pond type is rectangle (2*4m), south-north direction, pond
There are a wide 0.65m, long 3m in position among the southern side of side, and the ladder of high 1m feeds platform, and ladder lowest point extension is wide
0.65m, a length of 2m, high 0.4m are fed and are observed during facilitating shrimp seedling to cultivate；Bottom of pond has certain slope, high in the south and low in the north,
Discharge outlet is close to bottom of pond in pool side north side；Water inlet is cultivating pool side southern side, parallel with aquaculture pond highest point.By 30g titanium dioxide
Chlorine (producer: Tong Kun Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Pingdingshan City, model: improver of water quality chlorine dioxide powder) is dissolved in the modeling of 10L
It in charging basket, stirs evenly, splashes to the pool wall and bottom of pond of the first aquaculture pond, scrub aquaculture pond, 200 mesh yarn thin,tough silk are injected in backward pond
The fresh seawater of filtering is highly 5cm (chlorine dioxide concentration in water body is 100ppm), impregnates 3-6 hours, uses seawater flushing
Clean aquaculture pond clogs water outlet on the inside of aquaculture pond with the yarn thin,tough silk plug of 10 mesh, and shrimp seedling escapes from aquaculture pond when preventing from changing water in the future.To
The fresh seawater that water height 80cm is injected in pond, launches shrimp seedling；When shrimp seedling body length reaches 2.5cm, prepare the second aquaculture pond, weight
Multiple above-mentioned sterilizing operation, backward aquaculture pond are laid with 5cm fine sand, and diameter is no more than 0.5mm, and (fine sand was through rough sand exposure 2 days processing, 30
Mesh mesh screen screens out obtained by bulky grain gravel), it is laid with area and accounts for the 2/3 of bottom of pond area, fine sand is laid with since pool side most southern side,
Pool side side close to water outlet is without fine sand；The fresh seawater that injection water height is 70cm in backward pond.
(3) shrimp seedling is launched: before the shrimp seedling for launching the long 0.5-0.7cm of body, first to the vitamin (water body of water splashing 24g
Concentration: 5ppm), pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, (producer: Shen Kang pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Handan City, type of splashing after mixing evenly
Number: strength removing toxic substances stress spirit vitamin ad3 E premixed feed), prevent the stress reaction of shrimp seedling；After shrimp seedling enters pond 2 hours, to
The Doxycycline Hyclate (water body concentration: 2ppm) of water splashing 9.6g, same pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, is sprinkled after mixing evenly
(producer: Shandong Xin He Biology Pharmacy Co., Ltd, model: potent antibacterial is net) is spilt, has damaged shrimp to play disinfection and sterilization body surface
Effect, reduce the shrimp seedling death rate, in pond launch 2100-2400 tail shrimp seedling (shrimp seedling density: 350-400 tail/m2).Shrimp seedling body
It is long to 2.5cm when, the water of aquaculture pond is discharged, when the water body of residual altitude 5cm, the yarn thin,tough silk plug on the inside of discharge outlet is removed, from
On the outside of discharge outlet, connect shrimp seedling with the mesh bag of 30 mesh, after shrimp seedling moved into the second aquaculture pond, it is (dense to water splashing 33.6g vitamin
Degree: 8ppm) and 8.4g Doxycycline Hyclate (concentration: 2ppm), drug specifically splash operate is carried out by above-mentioned steps, in pond
Launch 1200 tail shrimp seedlings (shrimp seedling density: 200 tails/m2).Doxycycline Hyclate only in shrimp seedling enters pond and the when of falling pond use, other when
Phase does not use the drug, and vitamin uses early period in shrimp seedling cultivation, after the variation of post adaptation water body, will not be used.
(4) water quality management and oxygenation: it is primary that every morning 7:00-8:00 aquaculture pond changes water, before the long 4cm of shrimp seedling body, water
Body height 70-80cm, quantity of exchanged water are the 1/5 of total Water, and after the long 4cm of shrimp seedling body, water height 60-70cm, quantity of exchanged water is total
The 1/3 of water, water disinfectant Betagen Solution of splashing every 10 days into pond, water body concentration are 0.03ppm (producer: the Weihe River
Pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of mill Yonghe County, model: Betagen Solution)；Aquaculture pond launches 10 gas stones, carries out oxygenation, is adjusted with air valve
Water oxygen concentration is not less than 5g/m with indices, dissolved oxygen in YSI81535 type Water Test Kits measurement water3, salinity control
It is advisable in 29.4-32.7, pH value in 7.8-8.2, water temperature is controlled at 28-31 DEG C, is lower than 24 DEG C of prawn slow growths.
(5) it feeds management: before the long 4cm of prawn body, feeding fresh and alive or chilled fairy shrimp 4 times, respectively 7:00 daily, 12:
00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: feeding ratio at night is 4:6；Feeding volume accounts for the 15%-20% of shrimp weight, and full pond is uniformly splashed
Fairy shrimp；After the long 4cm of body, feed daily chilled small fish 3 times, respectively 7:00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: ratio is fed at night
Example is 3:7, and feeding volume accounts for 10% or so of shrimp weight, and small fish is blended before feeding with machine, and width about 0.5cm is fed
There is no the region of fine sand；Workshop headlamp is opened when feeding, is fed end and is turned off immediately.
In shrimp seedling body length to 5cm or so, cultivates pool wall and " the red circle disease " of pink colour cloud shape occurs in bottom of pond, immediately will
Shrimp seedling moves into new aquaculture pond, and 30g chlorine dioxide is first dissolved in 5L water, stirs evenly by old aquaculture pond disinfection by chlorine dioxide,
It splashes the seawater of in the pool wall and bottom of pond of appearance " red circle disease ", backward pond injecting height 5cm, water body concentration 100ppm, leaching
Bubble is scrubbed aquaculture pond, is dried spare after 3-6 hours.Because it is found that in time, shrimp seedling does not occur the biggish death rate, than embodiment 1
In reduce 5%.
(6) it when the long 8.6-10.0cm of body timely fishing: prawn is averaged, weight average 5.9-8.1g, is caught at night.
Through counting, prawn survival rate 75% (being counted from the long 2.5cm of body) in breeding process.
Embodiment 3
A method of improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, comprising the following steps:
(1) workshop is handled: being spread the plastic cloth or sunshade net of multilayer black in ceiling and workshop window, is stopped light daytime
Into workshop, workshop light on daytime is no more than 20Lx, is measured with illumination photometer；Lighting device is installed in workshop, in case during cultivation
It feeds shrimp seedling to use, pays attention to windowing ventilation at night.
(2) shrimp ponds prepare: the first, second cultivation pool area 8m2, pond type is rectangle (2*4m), and south-north direction, bottom of pond has
Certain slope, Bei Gaonan is low, and discharge outlet is close to bottom of pond in pool side southern side；Water inlet is in cultivation pool side north side, with aquaculture pond highest
Place is parallel；By 40g chlorine dioxide (producer: Tong Kun Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Pingdingshan City, model: improver of water quality titanium dioxide
Chlorine pulvis) it is dissolved in the plastic barrel of 10L, it stirs evenly, splashes to the pool wall and bottom of pond of the first aquaculture pond, scrub aquaculture pond, after
Xiang Chizhong injects the fresh seawater of 200 mesh yarn thin,tough silk filtering, and water height 5cm is impregnated 3-6 hours, completely supported with seawater flushing
Pond is grown, clogs water outlet on the inside of aquaculture pond with the yarn thin,tough silk plug of 10 mesh, shrimp seedling escapes from aquaculture pond when preventing from changing water in the future.After inject water
Body height is the fresh seawater of 80cm, launches shrimp seedling；Shrimp seedling body it is long to 3cm when, prepare the second aquaculture pond, repeat above-mentioned disinfection behaviour
Make, backward aquaculture pond is laid with diameter and is no more than 0.5mm, the fine sand with a thickness of 10cm, and area accounts for 2/3 (fine sand of bottom of pond area
Through obtained by processing in rough sand exposure 2 days, 30 mesh mesh screens removal bulky grain gravel), fine sand is laid with since pool side most north side, close to out
The pool side side at the mouth of a river is without fine sand；The fresh seawater of water height 70cm is injected in backward pond.
(3) shrimp seedling launch: launch the long 0.5-0.7cm of body shrimp seedling before, first to water splashing 32g vitamin (concentration:
5ppm), pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, (producer: Shen Kang pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Handan City, model: strength of splashing after mixing evenly
Removing toxic substances stress spirit vitamin ad3 E premixed feed), prevent the stress reaction of shrimp seedling；After shrimp seedling enters pond 2 hours, to water splashing
The Doxycycline Hyclate (concentration: 2ppm) of 12.8g, same pulvis is first dissolved in the water of 3L, (producer: mountain of splashing after mixing evenly
Biology Pharmacy Co., Ltd is closed by Eastcom, and model: potent antibacterial is net), there is damaged shrimp to body surface and play disinfection and sterilization, reduces
The shrimp seedling death rate launches 2800-3000 tail shrimp seedling (shrimp seedling density: 350-375 tail/m in pond2).Shrimp seedling body it is long to 3cm when,
The second aquaculture pond is moved into, first backward water splashing 44.8g vitamin (concentration: 8ppm) and the Doxycycline Hyclate of 11.2g are (dense
Degree: 2ppm), concrete operations are carried out by above-mentioned steps, and 1440 tail shrimp seedlings (shrimp seedling density: 180 tails/m is launched in pond2).Hydrochloric acid
Doxycycline only enters pond and the when of falling pond use in shrimp seedling, other periods do not use the drug, and vitamin makes early period in shrimp seedling cultivation
After adapting to water body variation with, later period prawn, it will not be used.
(4) water quality management and oxygenation: it is primary that every morning 7:00-8:00 aquaculture pond changes water, before the long 4.5cm of shrimp seedling body,
Quantity of exchanged water is the 1/6 of total Water, and after the long 4.5cm of shrimp seedling body, quantity of exchanged water is the 1/3 of total Water, is splashed every 10 days into pond
Water disinfectant Betagen Solution, water body concentration are 0.025ppm (producer: pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd of Weifang Yonghe County, model: poly- dimension
Ketone iodine solution)；Aquaculture pond launches 12 gas stones, carries out oxygenation, water oxygen concentration is adjusted with air valve, with YSI81535 type water quality
Indices in analysis-e/or determining water, dissolved oxygen are not less than 5g/m3, salinity is advisable in 29.4-32.7, pH value in 7.8-8.2, water body
Temperature is controlled at 28-31 DEG C, is lower than 24 DEG C of prawn slow growths.
(5) it feeds management: before the long 4.5cm of prawn body, feeding daily fresh and alive or chilled fairy shrimp 4 times, respectively 7:00,
12:00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: feeding ratio at night is 4:6；Feeding volume accounts for the 15%-20% of shrimp weight, and full pond is uniformly sprinkled
Spill fairy shrimp；After the long 4.5cm of body, feed daily chilled small fish 3 times, respectively 7:00,17:00,22:00；Daytime: it throws at night
The ratio of feeding is 3:7, and feeding volume accounts for 10% or so of shrimp weight, and small fish is twisted into the small of width about 0.5cm before feeding, with machine
Fragment is fed in the region of not fine sand；Workshop headlamp is opened when feeding, is fed end and is turned off immediately.
(6) it when the long 8.6-10.0cm of body timely fishing: prawn is averaged, average weight 5.9-8.1g, is caught at night.
Through counting, breeding process Prawn shoot survival percent 85% (is counted) from the long 3cm of prawn body.
In summary, the present invention carries out disinfection to aquaculture pond by specific sterilization method, then passes through different phase spy
Fixed breeding way improves the survival rate and culture efficiency of Marsupenaeus japonicus；The side of industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus of the invention
Forensic science is reasonable, Marsupenaeus japonicus high survival rate, high financial profit.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate characterized by comprising
(1) workshop is handled: being covered entire workshop with black sunshade net or black plastic cloth, control either inside on daytime illumination is strong
Degree；
(2) aquaculture pond is handled: filled the water respectively into the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond and be added the chlorine dioxide of high concentration into
Row is impregnated, is disinfected, and then spreads the fine sand with a thickness of 5-10cm at the second aquaculture pond bottom；
(3) shrimp seedling is launched: being filled the water into the first aquaculture pond, is then launched the shrimp seedling of the long 0.5-0.7cm of body, throw-in density: 350-
400 tails/m2, water is replaced once daily, and is fed and sterilized；Shrimp seedling body it is long to 2.5-3cm when, to the second aquaculture pond
Water filling, shrimp seedling is transferred in the second aquaculture pond, throw-in density 180-200 tail/m2, water is replaced once daily, and is thrown
It feeds and sterilizes；
(4) shrimp seedling body it is long to 4.0-4.5cm when, it is every to adjust water height and daily quantity of exchanged water, water in the second aquaculture pond
Its replacement is primary, and is fed and sterilized；
(5) timely fishing: prawn is averaged, body is long to 8.6-10.0cm, when average weight is to 5.9-8.1g, is caught at night.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (1), either inside intensity of illumination on daytime is no more than 20Lx.
3. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (2), chlorine dioxide concentration in water body is 100ppm, and water height is in the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond
5cm impregnates 3-6 hours, then cleans aquaculture pond with the fresh seawater that 200 mesh yarn thin,tough silk filter.
4. the method according to claim 3 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (2), fine sand diameter is no more than 0.5mm, is laid with area and accounts for the 2/3 of bottom of pond area.
5. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (3), water height is 70-80cm in the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, and quantity of exchanged water is the 1/6-1/ of total water body amount
5, fresh and alive or chilled bait fairy shrimp is fed, is fed daily 4 times.
6. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (3), shrimp seedling is transferred to before the first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, uniformly splashes 5-8ppm's into aquaculture pond water body
Vitamin；After shrimp seedling enters pond 2 hours, to the Doxycycline Hyclate of water splashing 2ppm.
7. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
In step (4), water height 60-70cm in the second aquaculture pond, quantity of exchanged water is the 1/4-1/3 of total water body amount, and it is primary to change water daily,
Chilled small fish is fed, is fed daily 3 times.
8. the method according to claim 1 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that described
The disinfectant that disinfection uses in step (3) and (4) is Betagen Solution, and water body concentration is 0.025-0.03ppm.
9. the method for -8 any raising industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rates, feature exist according to claim 1
In placing 10-12 gas stone respectively in first aquaculture pond and the second aquaculture pond, carry out oxygenation；Every 10 days, to first
It splashes respectively in aquaculture pond or the second aquaculture pond water disinfectant.
10. the method according to claim 9 for improving industrial aquaculture Marsupenaeus japonicus survival rate, which is characterized in that support
During growing, at 28-31 DEG C, oxygen in water is not less than 5g/m for water temperature control3, salinity 29.4-32.7, pH value is
7.8-8.2。
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Application publication date: 20190118 Assignee: Qingdao Ruizi Group Co., Ltd Assignor: YELLOW SEA FISHERIES Research Institute CHINESE ACADEMY OF FISHERY SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2021370010053 Denomination of invention: A method for improving the survival rate of Penaeus japonicus in industrialized culture Granted publication date: 20210727 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20211227 |
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