CN109213665B - Distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and platform construction method - Google Patents
Distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and platform construction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed concurrent acceleration test technology and a platform construction method, which comprises the following steps: 1. deploying a hardware environment; 2. determining a test task; 3. constraint quantization and control; 4. configuring a load; 5. making a clock synchronization strategy; 6. test execution and local analysis; 7. summarizing and analyzing test results; through the steps, the construction of the distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and the platform is completed; the method comprises the steps of formulating a constraint control rule to simulate the actual operating environment of software to be tested, providing three clock synchronization strategies of a global clock, a node clock, a task clock and the like to ensure the clock synchronization of a test system, fully considering the load capacity of a test node on the basis of meeting concurrent requirements and test progress to realize load balancing, and realizing efficient, safe and reliable test; the invention can realize distributed test, and the implementation of load balance and constraint control strategy can realize safe, efficient and credible concurrent accelerated test, and has higher practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a distributed concurrency acceleration test technology and a construction method of a platform, relates to the realization of the distributed concurrency acceleration test technology and the platform, and belongs to the field of software testing.
Background
With the development of information technology and internet technology, the internet of everything is becoming a reality, and thus, massive data is generated, and the 'big data' is generated at the same time. Since a single device or system has not been able to meet the mass data processing requirements of the big data era and is often costly. In this case, a distributed system becomes ideal or even the only option. The definition of a distributed system can be briefly summarized as follows: a distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appear to a user as a single coherent system.
In the field of software testing, centralized testing is prone to be at a risk of being overloaded, and concurrent testing is required, so that distributed systems are widely applied to software testing. However, the distributed system should not be deployed blindly, and should be considered only when the processing capability of a single node under centralized test cannot meet the test task and the hardware is prohibitively expensive. Because of the multi-node topology of the distributed system, the topology of communication through the network can introduce many problems which are not existed in a centralized system, and more mechanisms can be introduced to solve the problems, so that more problems are brought. Deploying distributed systems faces a number of issues such as heterogeneity, clock synchronization, consistency, independence of failures, concurrency, security, and scalability. In the testing of embedded software, the load problem of the test and the problem of concurrent test are often considered. The centralized test has high load, which easily causes some hidden dangers and low efficiency, and the load balancing problem needs to be considered at this time. Meanwhile, during testing, a plurality of targets to be tested may need to be tested simultaneously, or the same target to be tested has a plurality of testing tasks.
Aiming at the situation, a distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and a platform construction method are provided, in the technology, a plurality of test nodes and a plurality of pieces to be tested can be deployed at the same time, and three clock synchronization strategies including a global clock, a node clock and a task clock are provided so as to ensure that all nodes of a distributed test system can work coordinately. Meanwhile, a constraint control strategy is also provided, the environmental constraint faced by the software to be tested during operation is quantified, and the strategy is added into the test node, namely, the constraint is exerted on the basis of the original test task of the test node so as to ensure the sufficiency and credibility of the test. By using the technology, the concurrent test of high clock synchronization can be realized, the test efficiency is improved, the load balance of the test is realized, the test cost and risk are reduced, and meanwhile, the environment constraint of the actual operation of the node to be tested can be considered during the test, and the test credibility is improved.
The distributed concurrent acceleration test technology and the platform are constructed based on a clock synchronization strategy and a constraint control strategy, so that the purpose of reducing the test cost is achieved while the software test efficiency and the credibility are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is: in the field of software testing, what needs to be considered in deploying a distributed test system is a problem of balancing test load to reduce the load of a single test node, and a problem of concurrent testing to simultaneously test multiple pieces of software to be tested or perform multiple test tasks on the same piece of software to be tested. Meanwhile, because the test data generated by each node of the distributed test system needs to be summarized and analyzed, the time for generating all the test data needs to be known, and this requires that each test node keeps the consistency of clocks. Aiming at the situation, a method for constructing a distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and a platform is provided, a plurality of test nodes and a plurality of software to be tested can be deployed at the same time, and three clock synchronization strategies including a global clock, a node clock and a task clock are provided so as to ensure the clock synchronization of each node of a distributed test system. Meanwhile, a constraint control strategy is also provided, environmental constraints encountered during the running of the software to be tested are quantized and added into the test nodes in a strategy manner, and the real running environment of the software is simulated in the test process, so that the sufficiency and the credibility of the test are ensured. By using the technology, distributed concurrent testing with high clock synchronization and balanced load can be realized, the testing efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the testing credibility is improved by considering the environmental constraints faced by the software to be tested in actual operation.
The construction of the technology can be seen to integrate and innovate the existing distributed theory and software testing technology, and form a construction method of the distributed concurrent accelerated testing technology and a platform.
(II) technical scheme
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the construction method of the distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and the platform comprises the following steps:
in the method, DCAT is cited to express the technology and platform of distributed concurrent acceleration test (namely 'distributed concurrent Accelerate Testing').
The invention provides a distributed concurrent acceleration test technology and a platform construction method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, deploying a hardware environment;
step 2, determining a test task;
step 3, constraint quantification and control;
step 4, load configuration;
step 5, making a clock synchronization strategy;
step 6, test execution and local analysis;
and 7, summarizing and analyzing the test results.
Wherein, the "deployment hardware environment" in step 1 is performed as follows: the distributed test environment of the invention is composed of a main control computer and a plurality of test computer nodes, wherein the main control computer issues test tasks, and the test nodes are responsible for completing the tasks issued by the main control computer.
Wherein, the "determining the test task" in step 2 is performed as follows: the distributed test system can simultaneously test a plurality of pieces of software and can also simultaneously carry out a plurality of test tasks on one piece of software; before load configuration, a quantitative test task is determined according to test requirements, and a computer automatically determines whether node division is needed for testing.
The "constraint quantization and control" in step 3 is performed as follows: when the software runs, the software can face hardware environment constraints and external noise interference constraints, and the constraints are represented as interference of normal input of a program when the software runs; therefore, in the invention, the constraint is quantized into random variables, the random variables are distributed to each test node through the main control computer, and the constraint is applied to each test node to simulate the actual running environment of the software when the test task is executed;
specifically, assume that the program runs with a total of NCA possible constraint, quantized by using a D-dimensional real variable to represent the ith constraint as Ci＝k×[ci1,ci2,… ,cij… ,ciD]Where k is a scaling factor to flexibly control the size of the constraint, i ═ 1,2, …, NCJ is 1,2, …, D is the dimension of the constraint, consistent with the normal input dimension of the program; after quantification, corresponding constraint control rules are formulated in the main control computer, specifically comprising constraint intensity CiThe size of the scaling factor k, and the start joining time and the end time of the constraint; then, the main control computer distributes the test nodes to each test node in the test process; by adding the quantized actual operation environment of the constraint simulation software instead of the laboratory environment, more problems can be found, and the testing credibility is improved.
In step 4, the "load configuration" is performed as follows: after the main control computer determines the test tasks and the constraint control rules, the test tasks and the constraints are automatically distributed according to the test task quantity, the constraint requirements and the load capacity of each test node, on the premise that the distribution principle does not exceed the load capacity of each test node and meets high concurrency requirements and test progress, few test nodes are started as far as possible so as to avoid inevitable node faults caused by too many test nodes, and balanced load rate is distributed, wherein the load rate refers to the ratio of the distributed test load to the upper limit of the load of the nodes.
Wherein, the "making a clock synchronization policy" in step 5 is performed as follows: the invention provides three clock synchronization strategies comprising a global clock, a node clock and a task clock so as to ensure the clock synchronization of a distributed test system;
specifically, the task clock is used for synchronizing time labels of all test tasks of a node aiming at a scene when a plurality of test tasks are simultaneously performed on one test node; the node clock is used for clock synchronization among all the test nodes, and the global clock refers to a master node clock of a system master control computer; the clock synchronization strategy of the invention is hierarchical synchronization, namely, the clock of each test task on each test node is synchronized firstly, then each test node is synchronized to the master control computer upwards, the clock of the master control computer is used as the master clock of the system, the clock synchronization method of each layer adopts IEEE1588 clock synchronization method, the clock synchronization efficiency of the system can be accelerated by adopting the hierarchical synchronization strategy, and the IEEE1588 clock synchronization method refers to the precision clock synchronization protocol standard of the network measurement and control system passed by the IEEE standard committee in 2002.
The "test execution and local analysis" in step 6 is performed as follows: based on the test tasks, the constraint control rules, the load configuration and the clock synchronization method determined in the previous steps, each test node executes the test tasks; after the test task is completed, each test node performs initial test data analysis locally, and sends the analyzed data to the main control computer after the test task is completed.
Wherein, the test result summary analysis in step 7 is performed as follows: and the main control computer collects the preliminary analysis data from each test node, performs summary analysis and outputs a test report.
Through the steps, the construction of the distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and the platform can be completed; on the basis of a distributed theory, a constraint control rule is formulated to simulate the actual operating environment of software to be tested, three clock synchronization strategies such as a global clock, a node clock and a task clock are provided to ensure the clock synchronization of a test system, the load capacity of a test node is fully considered on the basis of meeting concurrent requirements and test progress to realize load balancing, and efficient, safe and reliable test is realized;
the invention is suitable for solving the actual software testing problem, can realize distributed testing by using the technology, can realize safe, efficient and credible concurrent accelerated testing by implementing the load balancing and constraint control strategy, and has higher actual application value.
(III) advantages
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the traditional centralized software test is easy to face the risk of overhigh load under the background of increasingly large software scale and complexity, so that the test efficiency is high and the potential safety hazard is easily caused by high load. Therefore, the invention provides a distributed concurrent accelerated test system by taking distributed theory as reference, a main control computer issues a test task, and a test node computer completes the test. Meanwhile, a constraint control strategy quantization environment and noise interference are provided to simulate the actual running environment of software, and three clock synchronization strategies such as a global clock, a node clock and a task clock are provided to ensure the clock synchronization of the distributed test system. The invention integrates and innovates the existing distributed theory and software testing technology, and provides a method for constructing a distributed concurrent accelerated testing technology and a platform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the general steps of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an environmental deployment of a distributed test platform.
The numbers, symbols and codes in the figures are explained as follows:
steps 1-7 in FIG. 1 are the corresponding steps in the technical scheme;
c in FIG. 1iNamely the quantized environmental constraint and noise interference;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and a construction method of a platform. The technology and the platform constructed by the method can improve the efficiency and the quality of software testing. In the technology, a main control computer is used as a central hub to release a test task, a plurality of servers or workstations are arranged as test nodes to complete the test task arranged by the main control computer, and a distributed test platform is constructed. Besides load balancing, constraint control rules are formulated to simulate the actual operating environment of software, and 3 clock synchronization strategies ensure clock synchronization of the whole test system.
The invention discloses a distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and a construction method of a platform, as shown in figure 1, the specific construction steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: a hardware environment is deployed. The construction method comprises the following steps: the distributed test environment is composed of a communication network consisting of a main control computer, a plurality of test computer nodes and necessary communication equipment, wherein the main control computer issues test tasks, the test nodes are responsible for completing the tasks issued by the main control computer, and the communication network is responsible for transmitting data, as shown in fig. 2.
The platform can be mainly divided into 3 layers, the top layer is an application layer where a main control computer and a user are located, and the user issues a test task on the main control computer without concerning the communication and test execution conditions of the lower layer. The communication equipment between the main control computer and the test node forms a communication layer, comprises necessary communication equipment, and can be connected in a wired or wireless way according to the requirements and the environment. The testing nodes receive the testing tasks and the testing result local analysis tasks issued by the main control computer through the network layer and transmit the analysis results back to the main control computer.
Step two: a test task is determined. The construction method comprises the following steps: the distributed test system can simultaneously test a plurality of software and can also simultaneously perform a plurality of test tasks on one software. Before load configuration, a user determines a test task according to a test requirement, and after the test task is issued, the main control computer automatically determines whether the test is required to be carried out by nodes.
Step three: and (5) constraint quantification and control. The construction method comprises the following steps: software is subject to hardware environment constraints and external noise interference constraints at runtime, which appear as interference to the normal input of the program at runtime. To simulate this real software operating environment, we quantize the constraints into random variables, assign them to each test node through the host computer, and apply the constraints to each test node when executing the test task. That is, the master computer may load the specified test tasks and constraints simultaneously onto the test nodes, and the test nodes complete the test tasks with constraint constraints.
Specifically, assume that the program runs with a total of NCA possible constraint, quantized by using a D-dimensional real variable to represent the ith constraint as Ci＝k×[ci1,ci2, … ,cij, … ,ciD]Where k is a scaling factor to flexibly control the size of the constraint, i ═ 1,2, …, NCJ is 1,2, …, and D is the dimension of the constraint, which is consistent with the normal input dimension of the program. After quantification, corresponding constraint control rules are formulated in the main control computer, specifically comprising constraint intensity CiThe size of the scaling factor k, and the start joining time and the end time of the constraint. Then, the master computer distributes the test nodes to the test nodes in the test process. By adding the quantized actual operation environment of the constraint simulation software instead of the laboratory environment, more problems can be found, and the testing credibility is increased.
Step four: and (4) load configuration. The construction method comprises the following steps: after the main control computer determines the test tasks and the constraint control rules, the test tasks and the constraints are automatically distributed according to the test task quantity, the constraint requirements and the load capacity of each test node, and on the premise that the distribution principle does not exceed the load capacity of each test node and meets high concurrency requirements and test progress, few test nodes are started as far as possible, so that inevitable node faults caused by excessive test nodes are avoided.
Node failures in distributed systems are a difficult problem to avoid, and while more nodes often mean faster processing speeds, the failure of a single node becomes inevitable after the number of nodes has increased to some extent, which may cause some unforeseen problems for the system. Therefore, on the premise of meeting the concurrent requirement and ensuring that the test progress does not exceed the upper limit of the node load, as few test nodes as possible are started to avoid node faults.
Step five: and establishing a clock synchronization strategy. The construction method comprises the following steps: the invention provides three clock synchronization strategies comprising a global clock, a node clock and a task clock so as to ensure the clock synchronization of a distributed test system.
The task clock is used for synchronizing the time labels of all the test tasks of one test node aiming at a scene when a plurality of test tasks are simultaneously carried out on the test node. The node clock is used for clock synchronization among all the test nodes, and the global clock refers to a master node clock of a main control computer of the distributed test system. The clock synchronization strategy of the invention is hierarchical synchronization, namely, the clock of each test task on each test node is synchronized firstly, then each test node is synchronized to the master control computer upwards, the clock of the master control computer is used as the master clock of the system, the clock synchronization method of each layer adopts IEEE1588 clock synchronization method, the clock synchronization efficiency of the system can be accelerated by adopting the hierarchical synchronization strategy, the IEEE1588 clock synchronization method refers to the precision clock synchronization protocol standard of the network measurement and control system passed by the IEEE standard committee in 2002.
Step six: test execution and local analysis. The construction method comprises the following steps: based on the test tasks, the constraint control rules, the load configuration and the clock synchronization method determined in the previous steps, each test node executes the test tasks under the influence of the constraints. After the test task is completed, each test node performs initial test data analysis locally, and sends the analyzed data to the main control computer after the test task is completed. Local data analysis is carried out on the test nodes instead of directly uploading the test data to the main control computer, the existing test node resources can be utilized to accelerate the analysis processing speed, the advantages of a distributed system are fully exerted, and the computing resources are utilized to the maximum extent.
Step seven: and summarizing and analyzing test results. The construction method comprises the following steps: and the main control computer receives the primary analysis data uploaded by each test node, performs summary analysis and outputs a test report.
Through the steps, the construction of the distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and the platform can be completed. In the technology, a plurality of test node computers, a main control computer and necessary communication equipment are used for forming a distributed test platform by using a distributed theory. In the platform, a main control computer issues a test task, and a test node completes the test and performs localized test result analysis. Meanwhile, a constraint control strategy is provided to quantize environmental constraints and noise interference so as to simulate the actual operating environment of software, and three clock synchronization strategies such as a global clock, a node clock and a task clock are provided so as to ensure the clock synchronization of the distributed test system. The distributed test platform established by the technology considers the real environment of software operation, ensures the clock synchronization of the system by using 3 clock synchronization strategies and the inherent advantages of the distributed system, and can realize reliable, accurate and quick test results.
The fault prediction technology is constructed based on a distributed theory and a software test theory, and a practical distributed concurrent acceleration test platform and technology are formed.
The invention has not been described in detail and is within the skill of the art.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for constructing a distributed concurrent accelerated test technology and a platform is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, deploying a hardware environment;
step 2, determining a test task;
step 3, constraint quantification and control;
step 4, load configuration;
step 5, making a clock synchronization strategy;
step 6, test execution and local analysis;
step 7, summarizing and analyzing test results;
the hardware deployment environment comprises the following steps: the distributed test environment is composed of a main control computer and a plurality of test computer nodes, wherein the main control computer issues test tasks, and the test nodes are responsible for completing the tasks issued by the main control computer;
the method for determining the test task comprises the following steps: the distributed test system can simultaneously test a plurality of pieces of software and can also simultaneously carry out a plurality of test tasks on one piece of software; before load configuration, a quantitative test task is determined according to test requirements, and a computer automatically determines whether node division is needed for testing;
the constraint quantization and control method comprises the following steps: when the software runs, the software can face hardware environment constraints and external noise interference constraints, and the constraints are represented as interference of normal input of a program when the software runs; quantizing the constraints into random variables, distributing the random variables to each test node through a main control computer, and applying the constraints to each test node to simulate the actual operating environment of the software when executing a test task;
specifically, assume that the program runs with a total of NCA possible constraint, quantized by using a D-dimensional real variable to represent the ith constraint as Ci＝k×[ci1,ci2,…,cij,…,ciD]Where k is a scaling factor to flexibly control the size of the constraint, i ═ 1,2, …, NCJ is 1,2, …, D is the dimension of the constraint, consistent with the normal input dimension of the program; after quantification, corresponding constraint control rules are formulated in the main control computer, specifically comprising constraint intensity CiThe size of the scaling factor k, and the start joining time and the end time of the constraint; then, the main control computer distributes the test nodes to each test node in the test process;
the "load configuration" described in step 4 is performed as follows: after the main control computer determines a test task and a constraint control rule, automatically distributing the test task and the constraint according to the test task quantity, the constraint requirement and the load capacity of each test node, wherein the distribution principle is that less test nodes are started on the premise that the load capacity of each test node is not exceeded and high concurrency requirements and test progress are met, so that inevitable node faults caused by excessive test nodes are avoided, and a balanced load rate is distributed, wherein the load rate refers to the ratio of the distributed test load to the upper limit of the load of the nodes;
the "making a clock synchronization policy" described in step 5 is performed as follows: three clock synchronization strategies are provided, including a global clock, a node clock and a task clock, so as to ensure the clock synchronization of the distributed test system;
specifically, the task clock is used for synchronizing the time labels of each test task of a node aiming at a scene when a plurality of test tasks are simultaneously performed on the test node; the node clock is used for clock synchronization among all the test nodes, and the global clock refers to a master node clock of a system master control computer; the clock synchronization strategy is hierarchical synchronization, namely, clocks of all test tasks on all test nodes are synchronized firstly, then the clocks are synchronized upwards to the main control computer by all the test nodes, the clocks of the main control computer are used as main clocks of the system, an IEEE1588 clock synchronization method is adopted in the clock synchronization method of each layer, and the clock synchronization efficiency of the system can be accelerated by adopting the hierarchical synchronization strategy;
the "test execution and local analysis" described in step 6 is done as follows: based on the test tasks, the constraint control rules, the load configuration and the clock synchronization method determined in the previous steps, each test node executes the test tasks; after the test task is completed, each test node locally performs preliminary test data analysis, and sends the analyzed data to the main control computer after the test task is completed;
the "summary analysis of test results" described in step 7 was performed as follows: and the main control computer collects the preliminary analysis data from each test node, performs summary analysis and outputs a test report.
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