CN109209397A - Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction - Google Patents

Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109209397A
CN109209397A CN201811414022.7A CN201811414022A CN109209397A CN 109209397 A CN109209397 A CN 109209397A CN 201811414022 A CN201811414022 A CN 201811414022A CN 109209397 A CN109209397 A CN 109209397A
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China
Prior art keywords
tunnel
construction
hole
arch
segment
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CN201811414022.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109209397B (en
Inventor
吴应明
张旭辉
高雷州
张乃乐
周中财
肖清华
仲维玲
郭朋超
王洪坤
赵志辉
李校珂
杨文�
杨荣辉
李越兴
陈创
洪平
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China Railway 20th Bureau Group Corp
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China Railway 20th Bureau Group Corp
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Priority to CN201811414022.7A priority Critical patent/CN109209397B/en
Publication of CN109209397A publication Critical patent/CN109209397A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109209397B publication Critical patent/CN109209397B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/119630 priority patent/WO2020108361A1/en
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14Lining predominantly with metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/18Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F16/00Drainage
    • E21F16/02Drainage of tunnels

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind to pass through high angle against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, comprising steps of one, rear side tunnel construction sections tentatively excavate and supporting construction;Two, rear side tunnel construction sections excavation synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and supporting construction;Three, rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync excavation and supporting construction;Four, front drain cavern body, front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections excavation and supporting construction: five, front side tunnel construction sections excavation and supporting construction.The present invention is discharged hanging wall by the high-order drain cavern between tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel and assigns water, assisted drainage is carried out by detour base tunnel simultaneously and verifies main tunnel front of tunnel heading tomography situation in advance, it can guarantee each face construction safety, tunnel main tunnel is excavated using three benching tunnelling methods, and tunneling boring supporting is carried out to Tunnel using the double-deck preliminary bracing structure after excavating, it can ensure that later period tunnel structure safety, shorten the construction period.

Description

Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography tunnel more particularly, to one kind Pipeline construction method.
Background technique
Fault belt refers to two disk relative motion of tomography, and mutual extrusion makes neighbouring catalase, formation and fault plane Substantially parallel crushed zone, abbreviation fracture belt.At home, high angle reversed fault of the section dip angle greater than 45 ° or 30 ° is known as inverse punching Tomography, the constructing tunnel difficulty for passing through high angle thrust is very big, and above-mentioned high angle thrust refers to that section dip angle is greater than 60 ° of thrust.Especially when locating stratum is rich water richness Flooding in Borehole, difficulty of construction is bigger.Rich water richness Flooding in Borehole is also referred to as For rich water Flooding in Borehole, refers to and be rich in underground water in stratum and contain layer of sand, which is both water rich strata, is also rich Flooding in Borehole. In rich water richness Flooding in Borehole, rock crushing provides more favorable condition for the preservation of underground water and enrichment, and difficulty of construction is very big, In addition containing layer of sand in stratum, Sand easily occurs in construction, along with tomography section dip angle is greater than 60 °, easily causes calamity Difficulty consequence, seriously affects construction safety and benefit.Thus, when being rich in underground water in Tunnel Passing tomography, rock mass is mostly broken Consider rock to be worth doing, and the high angle rich in sandy soil, sandstone is inverse when rushing rich water richness sand tomography, existing construction risk is very big, wait open When digging to high angle rich water thrust, under the effect of high hydraulic pressure, face easily broke-out diseases, gush the geological disasters such as sand, apply Work risk is high, and difficulty of construction is big and construction speed is slow.
To when passing through the inverse tunnel for rushing rich water richness sand tomography of high angle and excavating, need to be excavated using benching tunnelling method.Platform Rank method refers to first tunneling top section (top bar), starts to excavate (the leave from office of lower part section after the advanced certain distance of top bar Rank, also referred to as tunnel top hole body), the construction method that up/down steps are gone forward side by side simultaneously.Wherein, three bench cut methods (also referred to as three Rank method) refer to that institute's tunneling, which is divided into the step of upper, middle and lower three, excavates.It is rich to high angle is passed through using three benching tunnelling methods When the tunnel of water thrust is excavated, since excavated section piecemeal is more, difficulty of construction is big and construction risk is high, it is necessary to use Reasonable excavation and method for protecting support, just can ensure that construction safety, and guarantee the construction period.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing one kind passes through the angle of elevation Degree is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, and method and step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, using effect are good, Hanging wall is discharged by the high-order drain cavern between tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel and assigns water, while by prior to tunnel main tunnel The detour base tunnel of excavation carries out assisted drainage and verifies main tunnel front of tunnel heading tomography situation in advance, and tomography can utmostly be discharged Interior tax water reduces front of tunnel heading tomography internal water pressure, and can guarantee each face construction safety, using three benching tunnelling methods to tunnel Main tunnel is excavated, and uses the double-deck preliminary bracing structure to carry out tunneling boring supporting to Tunnel after excavating, and can ensure that the later period Tunnel structure safety.Shorten the construction period.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: one kind passes through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand Tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: the tunnel main tunnel of institute's construction tunnel is divided into rear side tunnel construction sections, is located at rear side tunnel construction sections It the front side tunnel construction sections of front side and is connected between rear side tunnel construction sections and front side tunnel construction sections and rushes rich water richness sand tomography from high angle is inverse The middle part tunnel construction sections passed through;The same side of tunnel main tunnel is provided with detour base tunnel and drain cavern, the detour base tunnel and drain cavern It is to pass through the inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water richness sand tomography of high angle from the front to the back;The detour base tunnel be rear side tunnel construction sections with before The detour base tunnel of formation is excavated between the tunnel construction sections of side, the detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel are laid in same level;Institute It states detour base tunnel and is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side base tunnel section, the front side base tunnel section from the front to the back and be located at institute It states on front side of rear side base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section is connected between the rear side base tunnel section and the front side base tunnel section, described Middle part base tunnel section and tunnel main tunnel are in parallel laying, and the rear side base tunnel section rear end is intersected with rear side tunnel construction sections and the two is intersected It mouthful is intersection after base tunnel, the front side base tunnel section front end is intersected with front side tunnel construction sections and the intersection of the two is intersects before base tunnel Mouthful;The rear side base tunnel section is located on rear side of the tunnel construction sections of middle part;
The drain cavern includes rear side hole body and lays on front side of the body of the rear side hole and with tunnel main tunnel in parallel Front side hole body, front side hole body be located at the upper side of tunnel main tunnel and its be located at tunnel main tunnel and the middle part base tunnel section it Between, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back;The rear side hole body rear end and rear side tunnel construction sections The intersection of intersection and the two is drain cavern intersection, and intersection and the drain cavern intersection are respectively positioned on middle part after the base tunnel On rear side of tunnel construction sections, the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body are respectively positioned on intersection rear side after the base tunnel;
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and passes through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness The front drain cavern body of sand tomography, the scupper of the rear portion hole body composition drain cavern in rear side hole body and front side hole body Body;
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and is located on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through the inverse punching of high angle The rear portion base tunnel section composition detour of the front base tunnel section of rich water richness sand tomography, the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section is led The rear side detour base tunnel section in hole;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to institute's construction tunnel, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: rear side tunnel construction sections tentatively excavate and supporting construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side After tunnel construction sections in tunnel construction sections on rear side of the drain cavern intersection carry out excavation construction, and split digging is molding from the front to the back Side tunnel construction sections carry out supporting;
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and supporting construction: being excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections When at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to being located at institute in rear side tunnel construction sections It states the tunnel construction sections after drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel between intersection and carries out excavation construction, while intersecting from the drain cavern Mouth starts to carry out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern from the front to the back, and the split molding rear side tunnel construction sections of digging from the front to the back Supporting is carried out respectively with drain cavern;
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync are excavated and supporting construction: to When rear side tunnel construction sections are excavated to after the base tunnel at the present position of intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side After tunnel construction sections in tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel carry out excavation construction, and split digging is molding from the front to the back Side tunnel construction sections carry out supporting;Meanwhile excavation construction continued to the scupper body of drain cavern, and from intersection after the base tunnel Start to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel from the front to the back, and the split molding sluicing of digging from the front to the back Hole and detour base tunnel carry out supporting respectively;
Step 4: front drain cavern body, front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction:
The front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section are all the same with the length of middle part tunnel construction sections and three is in parallel cloth If the front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections are divided into multiple tunnel segments from the front to the back, multiple The length of the tunnel segment is all the same;
When constructing to the front drain cavern body, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the front drain cavern body Multiple tunnel segments carry out respectively excavate and supporting construction;The excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments It is all the same;Each of the front drain cavern body offers drainage hole group outside a hole in the tunnel segment;
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Wall drainage hole, multiple rows of arch drainage hole are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body;Described in every row Arch drainage hole includes multiple arch drainage holes being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right, each The arch drainage hole is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography of high angle, each arch row Water hole gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back;The aperture of all arch drainage holes is laid in institute in arch drainage hole described in every row On the same cross section for stating front side hole body;
Abutment wall drainage hole described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid at left and right sides of the front drain cavern body body Abutment wall drainage hole on the outside of abutment wall, abutment wall drainage hole described in one group is located above tunnel main tunnel in abutment wall drainage hole described in two groups, Abutment wall drainage hole described in another group is located above detour base tunnel;Abutment wall drainage hole described in every group includes multiple from top to bottom laying Abutment wall drainage hole, each abutment wall drainage hole is in horizontal layout;All abutment wall drainings in abutment wall drainage hole described in every row The aperture in hole is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body;Each abutment wall drainage hole is to creep into from the front to the back To the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography of high angle;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to tunnel segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step A1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole of drainage hole group outside hole described in the tunnel segment It drills respectively with abutment wall drainage hole, obtains drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding;
Step A2, it drains: being drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1;
Step A3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and right It excavates molding drain cavern and carries out supporting;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front drain cavern body excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete applying for drain cavern Work process;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to the front base tunnel section, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the front Multiple tunnel segments of base tunnel section carry out excavation and supporting construction respectively;The excavation of multiple tunnel segments and supporting are applied Work method is all the same;A base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment;
Each base tunnel drainage hole group includes the multiple rows of side drainage hole laid from the front to the back, the row of side described in every row Water hole includes multiple side drainage holes from top to bottom laid, and each side drainage hole is in horizontal layout;Every row institute The aperture for stating all side drainage holes in side drainage hole is laid on the same cross section of the front base tunnel section;Each institute Stating side drainage hole is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography of high angle;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to either one or two of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the side drainage hole of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the tunnel segment It drills respectively, obtains the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding;
Step B2, it drains: being drained by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1;
Step B3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and right It excavates molding detour base tunnel and carries out supporting;In this step, the face of the front base tunnel section is located at the front drain cavern On rear side of the face of body;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front base tunnel section excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete the front base tunnel The work progress of section;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to middle part tunnel construction sections, from the front to the back to multiple tunnel sections of middle part tunnel construction sections Section carries out excavating respectively and supporting construction, the excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments are all the same;
The tunnel main tunnel of the middle part tunnel construction sections is from top to bottom divided into top hole body, middle part hole body and lower part hole body, described Top hole body is divided into left side pilot tunnel and the right side pilot tunnel on the right side of the pilot tunnel of left side;
The preliminary bracing structure of the middle part tunnel construction sections is the double-deck preliminary bracing structure, the bilayer preliminary bracing structure packet It includes spray-up, more Pin as at the beginning of one layer of injection in the concrete that the concrete on tunnel main tunnel inner wall is formed and supporting is carried out to tunnel main tunnel And branch stands on shaped steel arch of the concrete just on the inside of spray-up, the concrete as at the beginning of one layer of injection in concrete on spray-up is formed mixes Spray-up, more Pin carry out supporting to tunnel main tunnel to solidifying soil again and branch stands on concrete and answers the grid steel frame on the inside of spray-up and sprayed by one layer It penetrates in spray-up in the concrete that the concrete that concrete is answered on spray-up is formed, the shaped steel arch and grid steel frame are to tunnel Main tunnel carries out the supporting steelframe of tunneling boring supporting and the shape of the two is identical as the transverse shape of tunnel main tunnel;The coagulation The transverse shape that native just spray-up, concrete answer spray-up in spray-up and concrete is identical as the transverse shape of tunnel main tunnel; The structure of shaped steel arch described in more Pin is all the same and it is laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, type described in more Pin Steel arch-shelf is fastenedly connected by longitudinal connection structure and is integrated;The structure of grid steel frame described in more Pin is all the same, the grid steel The quantity of frame and the quantity of shaped steel arch are identical, are laid with grid steel frame described in a Pin on the inside of shaped steel arch described in every Pin, often Shaped steel arch described in Pin and the grid steel frame being laid on the inside of it are laid on the same tunnel cross-section of tunnel main tunnel;More Pin institutes It states shaped steel arch and is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up, the thickness that the concrete answers spray-up is greater than the thickness of shaped steel arch;It is more Grid steel frame described in Pin is embedded in concrete in spray-up, and the thickness of spray-up is greater than the thickness of grid steel frame in the concrete Degree;For shaped steel arch described in more Pin in uniformly distributed, the spacing between shaped steel arch described in adjacent two Pin is the value range of d and d For 0.8m~1.2m;
The first spray-up of concrete described in the bilayer preliminary bracing structure, shaped steel arch and concrete described in more Pin answer spray-up Outer layer just branch structure is formed, grid steel frame composition described in spray-up and more Pin is located at outer layer just on the inside of branch structure in the concrete The first branch structure of internal layer;
Shaped steel arch described in every Pin is right to the arch wall scaffold of tunnel main tunnel arch wall progress supporting and one by one The tunnel inverted arch bracket that tunnel main tunnel bottom carries out supporting is spliced, and the tunnel inverted arch bracket is located at the arch wall supporting arch The underface of frame and the two is located on same tunnel cross section, the tunnel inverted arch bracket and the arch wall scaffold form one A closed tunneling boring bracket;The arch wall scaffold is by one to positioned at the intracorporal top arch in the top hole and two The side bracket for being symmetrically laid in lower section at left and right sides of the arch of top is spliced, and two side brackets are respectively positioned on middle part hole In vivo;The tunnel inverted arch bracket is located in the body of lower part hole, the left end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket and a side bracket Bottom is fastenedly connected, and right end and the side bracket bottom described in another of the tunnel inverted arch bracket are fastenedly connected;The top Left side arch of the arch by being located in the pilot tunnel of left side and the right side arch in the pilot tunnel of right side are spliced;
When carrying out excavation and supporting either one or two of the middle part tunnel construction sections tunnel segment, comprising the following steps:
Step F1, top hole body excavates and preliminary bracing, process are as follows:
Step F11, left side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to current institute The left side pilot tunnel of tunneling segment is excavated;
During the left side pilot drive, one layer of coagulation is sprayed on excavating molding left side pilot tunnel inner wall from the front to the back Soil obtains the just spray-up of the concrete in the pilot tunnel of left side, and is excavating in molding left side pilot tunnel arch on the left of installation from the front to the back, And left side arch branch is made to stand on concrete just spray-up inside;It is sprayed on the collateral vertical first spray-up of concrete for having left side arch inside simultaneously It penetrates the concrete that a layer concrete obtains in the pilot tunnel of left side and answers spray-up, and so that left side arch is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up, it is complete At the work progress of branch structure at the beginning of the pilot tunnel ectonexine of left side;
Step F12, right side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: during left side pilot drive described in step F11, edge Longitudinal extension synchronization in tunnel from the front to the back excavates the right side pilot tunnel to current institute's tunneling segment, is excavated Molding top hole body;
During the right side pilot drive, one layer of coagulation is sprayed on excavating molding right side pilot tunnel inner wall from the front to the back Soil obtains the just spray-up of the concrete in the pilot tunnel of right side, and is excavating in molding right side pilot tunnel arch on the right side of installation from the front to the back, Arch branch is stood on the inside of the first spray-up of concrete and is fastenedly connected right side arch with left side arch and is integrated on the right side of making, and is constructed The molding top arch;Layer concrete acquisition is sprayed on the collateral vertical first spray-up of concrete for having right side arch inside simultaneously Concrete in the pilot tunnel of right side answers spray-up, and so that right side arch is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up, completes in the body of the top hole The work progress of the first branch structure of outer layer;
In this step in digging process, the face of the right side pilot tunnel is located on rear side of the face of left side pilot tunnel;
Step F2, it middle part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: is carried out in the body digging process of top hole in step F1, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is being excavated below molding top hole body in current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back Portion hole body is excavated;
In the middle part hole body digging process, one layer of coagulation is sprayed on wall in excavation molding middle part hole body from the front to the back Soil obtains the intracorporal concrete in middle part hole just spray-up, and installs respectively at left and right sides of excavation molding middle part hole body from the front to the back Side bracket, make side bracket branch stand on concrete just on the inside of spray-up and make each side bracket with institute in step F12 It states top arch and is fastenedly connected and be integrated;One layer of coagulation is sprayed on the collateral first spray-up of the vertical concrete for having side bracket inside simultaneously Soil obtains the intracorporal concrete in middle part hole and answers spray-up, and so that side bracket is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up, completes middle part hole body The work progress of the first branch structure of ectonexine;
Two side brackets in left and right connect composition arch wall with top arch described in step F12 in the body of the middle part hole Arch;
In this step in digging process, the face of middle part hole body is located at the palm on right side pilot tunnel described in step F12 On rear side of sub- face;
Step F3, it lower part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: is carried out in step F2 in the body digging process of middle part hole, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is being excavated below the body of molding middle part hole to the lower part hole of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back Body is excavated, and is obtained and is excavated molding tunnel main tunnel;
In the lower part hole body digging process, one layer of coagulation is sprayed on wall in excavation molding lower part hole body from the front to the back Soil obtains the intracorporal concrete in lower part hole just spray-up, and is excavating installation tunnel inverted arch branch in the body of molding lower part hole from the front to the back Frame stands on tunnel inverted arch bracket branch on the inside of the first spray-up of concrete and makes arch wall arch described in tunnel inverted arch bracket and step F2 Connection forms shaped steel arch;A layer concrete is sprayed on the collateral first spray-up of the vertical concrete for having tunnel inverted arch bracket inside simultaneously to obtain It obtains the intracorporal concrete in lower part hole and answers spray-up, and so that tunnel inverted arch bracket is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up, complete tunnel main tunnel The work progress of the first branch structure of ectonexine;
In this step in digging process, the face of lower part hole body is located at the area of the body of middle part hole described in step F2 On rear side of face;
Step F4, it internal layer preliminary bracing and two lining constructions: in step F3 in digging process, also needs constructing from the front to the back Collateral vertical grid steel frame in the first branch structure of molding outer layer, while the collateral vertical outer layer for having grid steel frame just props up inside from the front to the back A layer concrete is sprayed in structure and obtains spray-up in concrete, and is embedded in grid steel frame in concrete in spray-up, in completion The work progress of branch structure at the beginning of layer obtains the double-deck preliminary bracing structure of construction molding;
During carrying out internal layer preliminary bracing in step F4, from the front to the back in the double-deck preliminary bracing of construction molding Construction tunnel secondary lining on the inside of structure, completes the excavation and Bracing Process of the tunnel segment;
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction: the front side tunnel construction sections are divided into intersect before the base tunnel Front tunnel construction sections on front side of mouthful and the rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel;
After the completion of the front base tunnel section described in the step 4 is excavated, the front side base tunnel section is excavated from the front to the back, And the split molding detour base tunnel of digging carries out supporting from the front to the back, until completing detour excavation with guide pit and Bracing Process;
After the completion of detour excavation with guide pit, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front tunnel of front side tunnel construction sections Duan Jinhang is excavated, and the molding front tunnel construction sections of split digging carry out supporting from the front to the back;Simultaneously along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel It is excavated to the rear portion tunnel construction sections from the front to the back to front side tunnel construction sections, and the split molding rear portion tunnel of digging from the front to the back Duan Jinhang supporting.
It is above-mentioned to pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterized in that: the front drain cavern body, The front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections are divided into N number of tunnel segment from the front to the back, and N is tunnel section in the tunnel construction sections of middle part The total quantity of section, N are positive integer and N >=2;
After the completion of draining in step B2, the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is completed;Its In, i be positive integer and i=1,2,3 ..., N;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, step B1 is entered back into, to institute I-th of tunnel segment for stating front drain cavern body carries out excavation and supporting construction;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, then in the tunnel construction sections of middle part I-th of tunnel segment carry out curtain-grouting reinforcing;Add to i-th of tunnel segment curtain-grouting in the tunnel construction sections of middle part After the completion of Gu, then excavation and supporting are carried out to i-th of tunnel segment in the tunnel construction sections of middle part.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is completed against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed it is characterized in that: draining in step A2 Afterwards, the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body is completed;
It is led after the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body, then to the front I-th of the tunnel segment cheated in section carries out curtain-grouting reinforcing;To i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section After the completion of curtain-grouting is reinforced, step B4 is entered back into, i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is excavated And supporting.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: each tunnel segment Length be the value range of L1 and L1 be 15m~25m.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: setting on rear side of the drain cavern It is equipped with inclined shaft, the inclined shaft front end is intersected with tunnel main tunnel and the intersection of the two is inclined shaft intersection, the inclined shaft intersection On rear side of the drain cavern intersection;The inclined shaft is the row for will be discharged out of tunnel main tunnel from the water that drain cavern is discharged Aquaporin;
When carrying out the rear side preliminary excavation construction of tunnel construction sections in step 1, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear It is located at the tunnel construction sections on rear side of the inclined shaft intersection in the tunnel construction sections of side and carries out excavation construction;It is excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections described oblique Behind the present position of well intersection, then along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back in rear side tunnel construction sections be located at the inclined shaft intersect Mouthful and the drain cavern intersection between tunnel construction sections carry out excavation construction, while since the inclined shaft intersection to inclined shaft into Row excavation construction;
The arch drainage hole, abutment wall drainage hole and side drainage hole are stratum drainage hole;
When being drained in step A2 by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1, by drainage hole group outside the hole Each stratum drainage hole water is drained into drain cavern, then by being located at the inclined shaft intersection and the sluicing in rear side tunnel construction sections Tunnel construction sections between the intersection of hole drain into water in inclined shaft, and water is discharged finally by the inclined shaft completed is excavated;
When being drained in step B2 by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1, by the base tunnel drainage hole group Each stratum drainage hole water is drained into detour base tunnel, then let out by being located at the inclined shaft intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections with described Tunnel construction sections between the intersection of water hole drain into water in inclined shaft, and water is discharged finally by the inclined shaft completed is excavated.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: carrying out top in step F1 Before hole body excavation and preliminary bracing, need first to carry out advance support to current institute's construction tunnel segment, and obtain and currently constructed The tunnel segment advance support structure of segment;The abutment wall of the tunnel main tunnel is divided into upper wall body and is located at the upper wall body just The lower wall body of lower section;
The tunnel segment advance support structure includes that the Shed-pipe Advanced Support branch of supporting is carried out to the same tunnel segment The longitudinal length of protection structure and per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction, the lead pipe-shed support structure is greater than the tunnel segment Length;
The lead pipe-shed support structure includes more and is crept into tunnel main tunnel front of tunnel heading rock stratum from the front to the back Pipe canopy pipe and a pipe canopy leading truck that the more pipe canopy pipes are oriented to, arch of the more pipe canopy pipes along tunnel main tunnel Contouring line is laid from left to right;Multiple pipe canopy pipe mounting holes for the installation of pipe canopy pipe are provided on the pipe canopy leading truck, The rear end of the more pipe canopy pipes is mounted on the pipe canopy leading truck;
The per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes that multiple arch walls to the same tunnel segment carry out in advance The arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of supporting, multiple arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction are in uniformly distributed And it lays from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back The lap of splice be not more than 3m;Spacing L=n between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back × D, the value range that wherein n is positive integer and n is 3~6;The abutment wall of the tunnel main tunnel is divided into upper wall body and is located on described Lower wall body immediately below portion's wall;
Each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes a ductule leading truck, one to the tunnel The arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of the arch progress advance support of road segment and left and right two are respectively to the tunnel The lower wall body of abutment wall carries out the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of advance support, two sides at left and right sides of segment Wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is symmetrically arranged, two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction and the arch Portion's per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is laid on the same tunnel cross section and the longitudinal length of three is all the same;Each The arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into from the front to the back to tunnel main tunnel front of tunnel heading rock stratum Interior arch slip casting ductule, the more arch slip casting ductules carry out cloth along the arch contour line of tunnel main tunnel from left to right If;Each abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into tunnel main tunnel face from the front to the back Abutment wall slip casting ductule in square rock stratum, the lower wall body contour line of the more abutment wall slip casting ductules along tunnel main tunnel From top to bottom laid;All abutment wall slip casting ductules and all in each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction The structure snd size of arch slip casting ductule are all the same and it is laid on the same tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel;
The ductule leading truck is to infuse to all abutment walls in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction The leading truck that slurry ductule and all arch slip casting ductules are oriented to respectively, the ductule leading truck are preliminary bracing arch Frame;The arch of the ductule leading truck is provided with multiple arch mounting holes for the installation of arch slip casting ductule, institute from left to right The left and right sides lower part for stating ductule leading truck is provided with multiple side mounting holes for the installation of abutment wall slip casting ductule, the arch The rear end of abutment wall slip casting ductule and arch slip casting ductule is mounted on same in wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction On the ductule leading truck.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: carrying out top in step F1 Before hole body excavation and preliminary bracing, lead pipe-shed support first is carried out to current institute's construction tunnel segment, obtains the tunnel segment Lead pipe-shed support structure;
The height of top hole body and middle part hole body composition middle and upper part hole body, top hole body and lower part hole body is big It is not more than 10m in the height of 4m, middle part hole body;
It is being excavated below molding top hole body to current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back in step F2 When middle part hole body is excavated, multiple excavation segments is divided to excavate the middle part hole body of the tunnel segment from the front to the back;
Before excavating any one described excavation segment, advanced tubule note first is carried out to the arch wall of the excavation segment Slurry is reinforced, and obtains the per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction;
It is each it is described excavate segment length with the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back Between spacing L it is identical.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: the tunnel main tunnel is divided into Hole body and the hole body under the tunnel immediately below hole body on the tunnel on tunnel, the cross section of hole body is semicircle on the tunnel Shape;The upper wall body of the abutment wall is located on the tunnel in the body of hole and its underpart wall is located under the tunnel in the body of hole;Two A abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is respectively positioned on the external side in hole under the tunnel;
The region that the arch mounting hole is opened up on the ductule leading truck is arch aperture area, the arch aperture area Shape be arc and its central angle is 120 °;
The region that pipe canopy pipe mounting hole is opened up on the pipe canopy leading truck is top aperture area, the shape of the top aperture area Shape is arc and its central angle is 180 °.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: after the tunnel main tunnel Side tunnel construction sections and middle part tunnel construction sections form main body tunnel construction sections, are provided with high-order escape platform, the height in the main body tunnel construction sections Position escape platform is laid along the longitudinal length of the main body tunnel construction sections and the length of the two is identical;Each service gallery Inside it is laid with the service gallery emergency escape system connecting with the high-order escape platform;
The high position escape platform includes three hole side high position escape routes being laid in tunnel main tunnel from back to front Segment, three high-order escape route segments are laid along the longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel and it is being laid in tunnel just The a side in hole side within the walls;Each hole side high position escape route segment is both secured on the side abutment wall of tunnel main tunnel, The abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is the fixed abutment wall of escape route;The two neighboring hole body in front and back It is connected by hole side high position escape route segment between the high position escape route segment of side, the escape of a hole side high position Channel segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in tunnel main tunnel;The hole side high position escape route section Section is the longitudinally connected frame laid along tunnel main tunnel longitudinal extension;
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at drain cavern friendship Rear side high position escape route segment in tunnel construction sections on rear side of prong intersects after being laid in base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections Mouthful and the drain cavern intersection between tunnel construction sections in middle part high position escape route segment and be laid in the main body tunnel Front side high position escape route segment in section in the tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel;
Hole side high position escape route segment includes multiple longitudinal extensions along tunnel main tunnel cloth from the front to the back If high-order escape route bracket and one be supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets and for escape personnel's walking Abutment wall people from side row platform, multiple high-order escape route brackets are both secured on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route and it is formed For the tunnel longitudinal bracing system of abutment wall side people's row platform, each high-order escape route bracket is laid in locating for it At position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel;Abutment wall people from side row platform is faced upward with what is be filled to inverted arch in tunnel main tunnel The clear distance encircleed between filled layer is not less than 2m;The equal Zhi Li in inside of each high-order escape route bracket has one oblique to climb Ladder, oblique ladder bottom is supported on inverted arch filled layer and upper part is supported on high-order escape route bracket;The hole side A high-order escape route bracket in high-order escape route segment near the service gallery hole is that hole is collateral Frame, it is hole side ladder that branch, which stands on the oblique ladder on the inside of the hole side stand,;
Each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of service gallery respectively The tunnel escape device of inside;
Each tunnel escape device includes one by multiple ladder groups and twice edge that ladders form of meeting an urgent need The safety rope that longitudinal extension side of service gallery lays and is fixed in the ladder group, safety rope described in per pass with multiple institutes Emergency ladder is stated to be fixedly connected;Multiple emergency ladders are laid from back to front along the longitudinal extension of service gallery, described Emergency ladder is the vertical ladder for being fixed on the tunnel support structure and being highly not less than 3m;The difference of safety rope described in twice To be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency ladder top and below the upper safety rope and being fixed under emergency ladder lower part Safety rope;In each tunnel escape device near the service gallery hole an emergency ladder supplemented by Tunnel hole ladder is helped, each service gallery hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and the hole nearest with it The connection of side ladder, the bindiny mechanism are connecting rope or connection frame.
Above-mentioned high angle of passing through is against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed, it is characterized in that: to rear side tunnel in step 1 It is located at the tunnel construction sections on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in road section to carry out in digging process, from the front to the back in the tunnel of construction molding It constructs in main tunnel to the rear side high position escape route segment;
After the completion of tunnel construction sections excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections, constructed The molding rear side high position escape route segment;
To the tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections between intersection behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in step 2 Road section carry out digging process in, from the front to the back in the tunnel main tunnel of construction molding to the middle part high position escape route segment into Row construction, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection;
Tunnel construction sections after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections between intersection excavate After the completion of construction, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained;
The scupper body of drain cavern is carried out in digging process, from the front to the back to described auxiliary in the drain cavern of construction molding Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to construct, and by each of the constructed service gallery emergency escape system service gallery Hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
When being excavated in step 3 to the tunnel construction sections in rear side tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by rear It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel of construction molding to the front side high position escape route segment forward, while will be in the base tunnel A longitudinally connected frame is laid on the outside of intersection afterwards;
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern, from the front to the back to the auxiliary in drain cavern Tunnel emergency escape system continues to construct;
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel, from the front to the back in the detour of construction molding It constructs in base tunnel to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be every in constructed service gallery emergency escape system A service gallery hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern is carried out in digging process in step 4, from the front to the back to described in drain cavern Service gallery emergency escape system continues to construct;After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, obtains and applied in drain cavern The molding service gallery emergency escape system of work;
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel, from the front to the back to described auxiliary in detour base tunnel Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct;After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, construction in detour base tunnel is obtained The molding service gallery emergency escape system;
During carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections, the front side high position in the tunnel construction sections of middle part is escaped from the front to the back Raw channel segment is constructed.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, method and step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, input cost are lower.
2, drain cavern installation position is reasonable, and high-order drain cavern is arranged between detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel, steep to clastic rock Incline it is inverse rush rich water hanging wall hydrous fluids and sufficiently drained, realize that the inverse rich water hanging wall hydrous fluids that rush of clastic rock steep dip " divide The purpose of water decompression ", can effectively ensure construction safety, and the pre-grouting of tunnel main tunnel and detour base tunnel can also be effectively reduced Difficulty of construction can also accelerate construction progress while ensuring construction safety, constructing tunnel quality.
3, the design of drainage hole group rationally, had both been able to achieve drain cavern, tunnel main tunnel and detour and had led outside hole in front drain cavern body Inverse abundant, the effective draining for rushing rich water tomography of hole top clastic rock steep dip, while convenient for construction, arch drainage hole and abutment wall draining The length in hole can be effectively controlled, the effectively save cost of energy, and reduce the duration.
4, middle part tunnel construction sections are bypassed using detour base tunnel, to the tunnel construction sections being located on front side of the preceding intersection of base tunnel in tunnel main tunnel It constructs.While tunnel construction sections in tunnel main tunnel on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel are constructed, it can synchronize It constructs to the tunnel construction sections being located at after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in tunnel main tunnel, thus energy Construction efficiency is effectively improved, the construction period is shortened.Also, there are larger spacing between detour base tunnel and tunnel main tunnel, thus with Main tunnel construction in tunnel is independent of each other, and detour base tunnel work progress is easily controllable, and work progress is safe and reliable.
5, drainage effect is good and practical value is high, increases " high-order drain cavern " using in tunnel main tunnel side, while in tunnel The ipsilateral detour base tunnel performed of the right way formed in drainability with drain cavern it is complementary, utmostly be discharged tomography in assign water, protect Demonstrate,prove each face construction safety.Hydraulic pressure in tomography and displacement are reduced using high-order drain cavern, created conditions for grouting and reinforcing, Guarantee fault enhancement effect, curtain-grouting sealing operation is rapidly completed.Meanwhile using detour base tunnel is increased, new construction is provided Work surface improves Faults in Tunnels belt construction work efficiency, effectively save duration.
6, tunnel main tunnel is excavated using three steps, four step excavating load, and construction is simple, speed of application is fast, and constructs Journey is safe and reliable.
7, used tunnel advanced support structure is reasonable in design, easy construction, using effect are good and practical value Barrel vault advanced support is combined with per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting and integrally carries out supporting, energy to the arch in tunnel and abutment wall by height Effectively improve Tunnel overall stability, reliability, it is ensured that construction safety, thus can reach tunneling boring curtain-grouting it is identical plus Gu effect, but compared with tunneling boring curtain-grouting is reinforced, construction efficiency can be increased substantially, the construction period is reduced, reduces construction Cost.
8, used lead pipe-shed support structure can carry out the upper wall body of entire tunnel segment arch and abutment wall whole It reinforces, and is provided with the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting knot reinforced to abutment wall lower wall body in tunnel segment rear end Structure makes the arch of tunnel segment rear end and abutment wall can be carried out firm supporting, can effectively solve generated after by tunnel excavation Horizontal pressure force influences the problems such as abutment wall lower part at left and right sides of the rear end of tunnel segment is easy to appear compressive deformation, sedimentation, can be to tunnel Arch wall carries out firm supporting.
9, used per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe support structure design rationally, easy construction and using effect it is good, to tunnel Hole arch and left and right sides abutment wall lower part carry out per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe reinforcing respectively and form a firm arch wall load-carrying ring, The self-stable ability of hole body side rock stratum can be effectively improved, construction cost can be effectively saved, save the duration, while construction equipment letter It is single, and preliminary bracing construction is carried out in time after tunnel construction, procedure connection is close.Also, to side in Bracing Process The disturbance of rock stratum is small, and construction cost is lower, and can effectively solve generated horizontal pressure force after by tunnel excavation is influenced tunnel or so Two sides abutment wall lower part is easy to appear the problems such as compressive deformation, sedimentation, and firm supporting can be carried out to tunnel arch wall.
10, used shape steel bracket simple structure and reasonable design and erection simplicity, construction efficiency is high, can be to Tunnel Progress tunneling boring supporting, supporting is firm, reliable, and energy simplicity is assembled when reality carries out tunnel excavation, meets Tunnel section Piecemeal supports demand, influences the preliminary bracing of top hole body by preliminary bracing construction in middle part hole body and lower part hole body, The preliminary bracing of middle part hole body is not also influenced by lower part hole body preliminary bracing construction, and top hole body and middle part hole body just Phase supporting is constructed after the completion of excavation immediately, thus supporting is timely, firm, along with Tunnel is not yet opened at this time comprehensively It digs, thus the firm performance of support of preliminary bracing structure is further guaranteed in tunnel top hole body and middle part hole body, and The intracorporal preliminary bracing process of tunnel top hole body and middle part hole is easier to carry out, while supporting is stronger, is more advantageous to tunnel Construction safety.
11, tunneling boring is carried out to Tunnel country rock using anchoring system to fix, further increase preliminary bracing stability.And And anchoring system is connected as one with shaped steel arch, further increases overall stability, meanwhile, easy construction.Thus, it uses Assembly type support bracket (i.e. shaped steel arch) is matched with the temporary support structure being dismounted easily excavates molding tunnel to benching tunnelling method Hole carries out layering supporting, and can be carried out to large cross-section tunnel hole steady using anchoring system to integral reinforcing is carried out on the outside of Tunnel Gu, it is ensured that construction safety.
12, the used double-deck preliminary bracing is reasonable in design and convenient, investment construction is laid in processing and fabricating and installation Cost is relatively low.
13, the used double-deck preliminary bracing structure construction is easy, construction efficiency is higher and using effect is good, practical value Height is able to satisfy and passes through the inverse preliminary bracing demand for rushing rich water tomography tunnel of clastic rock steep dip, with shaped steel arch support system dative Grid steelframe support system is compared, and is had a clear superiority.Composition rigidity supporting structure is combined with grid steel frame using shaped steel arch Preliminary bracing is carried out to Tunnel, shaped steel arch combines composition rigidity supporting structure with grid steel frame, in combination with concrete First spray-up, concrete answer spray-up in spray-up and concrete, and shaped steel arch is embedded in concrete and answers that spray-up is interior and its branch stands on coagulation On the inside of native just spray-up, grid steel frame is embedded in concrete in spray-up and branch is stood on concrete and answered on the inside of spray-up, passes through concrete While first spray-up, concrete answer spray-up in spray-up and concrete and combine to rigidity supporting structure progress effective protection, can have Effect improves the supporting intensity of rigidity supporting structure, and rigidity supporting structure is converted into the continuous support construction of longitudinal tunneling boring, really Protect later period tunnel structure safety.Meanwhile just just branch structure was both mutually indepedent with internal layer for branch structure in outside, is independent of each other, respectively fills The supporting role of itself is waved in distribution;Meanwhile just just branch structure complements one another branch structure outer layer again with internal layer, it can common stress deformation Firm support is provided for Tunnel, the two mutually restricts, and outer layer just supports after branch structure plays excavation in time, and and anchoring system Common stress together, it is ensured that Tunnel provides strong tunneling boring supporting after excavation, and just branch structure just props up outer layer to internal layer The support action of structure is supplemented, it is ensured that the overall stability of later period Tunnel structure.
14, excavation method designs reasonable, easy construction and using effect is good, and three steps, four step excavating load is excavated, and is matched The double-deck preliminary bracing structure for closing specific structure just can ensure that the tunnel structure after excavating is firm, and excavated section piecemeal is less, energy Difficulty of construction is effectively reduced, and reduces construction risk.Meanwhile used advanced support method design is rationally, without to tunnel Tunneling boring curtain-grouting is carried out, so as to which construction cost is greatly lowered, saves the construction period, and can ensure that construction safety.
15, used tunnel emergency escape system structure is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, input cost are lower. The tunnel emergency escape system by three holes side high position escape route segment for being laid in tunnel main tunnel with it is longitudinally connected Frame is spliced to form firm high-order escape route, while laying respectively and a high position in each service gallery intersected with tunnel main tunnel The service gallery emergency escape system of escape route connection, keeps tunnel main tunnel and the escape personnel of position in service gallery equal It is quickly moved to outside hole after a high position capable of being climbed to by ladder, and will not influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery.
16, high-order escape platform in tunnel main tunnel is reasonable in design, easy construction and using effect are good, using three Continuity high position escape route in hole side high position escape route segment and longitudinally connected frame splicing composition tunnel main tunnel, escape Personnel climb to after high-order escape route by oblique ladder and just can be quickly moved to outside hole, and longitudinally connected frame will not influence with it is auxiliary Help the passage between tunnel and tunnel main tunnel.Also, the high position escape route is the stable platform of a continuity, need to only be passed through After oblique ladder climbs up platform, escape personnel is just moved to a high position, and provides the flat of a fast and easy walking for escape personnel Platform can not only use simultaneously for more people, and escape personnel is mobile rapidly, easy, quickly can run to outside hole, more safety can It leans on.
17, tunnel escape device in service gallery is reasonable in design, easy construction and using effect are good, auxiliary When occurring the larger water burst of burst in tunnel, operating personnel can quickly move the height of tunnel main tunnel by means of emergency ladder and safety rope Position escape platform is simultaneously quickly moved to outside hole.
18, the high-order escape platform in tunnel main tunnel and the tunnel escape device in service gallery are connected with each other simultaneously energy Effectively it is used cooperatively, it is fast after making the escape personnel of position in tunnel main tunnel and service gallery that can climb to a high position by ladder Speed moves to outside hole, and use is safe and reliable, even if having little time to escape from tunnel, can also wait and rescue on emergency ladder or oblique ladder It helps the relief of personnel or keeps a firm hand on safety rope and do not washed away by water burst, effectively reduce and be drowned.
19, applied widely, it can effectively use to clastic rock rich water tomography containing sand, stratigraphic structure complexity, Sand amount Spray anchor bored tunnel construction when big or the Underground Construction with similar characteristics.
In conclusion the method for the present invention step is simple, design is reasonable and easy construction, using effect are good, by tunnel High-order drain cavern discharge hanging wall between main tunnel and detour base tunnel assigns water, while the detour by excavating prior to tunnel main tunnel Base tunnel carries out assisted drainage and verifies main tunnel front of tunnel heading tomography situation in advance, can utmostly be discharged in tomography and assign water, subtract Small front of tunnel heading tomography internal water pressure, and can guarantee each face construction safety, tunnel main tunnel is carried out using three benching tunnelling methods It excavates, and uses the double-deck preliminary bracing structure to carry out tunneling boring supporting to Tunnel after excavating, can ensure that later period tunnel structure Safety.Shorten the construction period.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is construction method flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the Construction State schematic diagram before drain cavern body in front of the present invention is constructed.
Fig. 3 is the Construction State schematic diagram after the completion of drain cavern body construction in front of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is tunnel main tunnel of the present invention, the layout position illustration of detour base tunnel and drain cavern.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of tunnel main tunnel in the tunnel construction sections of present invention middle part.
Fig. 6 is the plane installation position of detour base tunnel top heading drainage hole group before the present invention constructs to front base tunnel section Schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 8 is longitudinal plane structure schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the layout position illustration of pipe canopy leading truck upper tube canopy pipe mounting hole and side mounting hole of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the layout position illustration of arch mounting hole and side mounting hole on ductule leading truck of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the rear end layout position illustration of tunnel initial-stage structure upper tube canopy pipe and abutment wall slip casting ductule of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the rear end cloth of arch slip casting ductule and the abutment wall slip casting ductule in tunnel initial-stage structure of the present invention If position view.
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of shaped steel arch of the present invention and anchoring system.
Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of the medium-sized steel arch-shelf dative grid arch of preliminary bracing structure of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of preliminary bracing structure and Tunnel Second Lining of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the layout position illustration of grillage of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram of first longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure and second longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure of the present invention.
Figure 18 is structural schematic diagram when open-type connection frame of the present invention is in close state.
Figure 19 is structural schematic diagram when open-type connection frame of the present invention is in the open state.
Figure 20 is the structural schematic diagram of longitudinal bracing system in tunnel of the present invention and abutment wall people from side row platform.
Figure 21 is the structural schematic diagram of the high-order escape route bracket of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the layout position illustration of high-order escape route bracket and oblique ladder in tunnel main tunnel of the present invention.
Figure 23 is the layout position illustration of service gallery emergency escape system in drain cavern of the present invention.
Figure 24 is the structural schematic diagram of drain cavern inner tunnel escape device of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1-detour base tunnel;1-11-left side pilot tunnel;1-12-right side pilot tunnel;
1-2-middle part hole body;1-3-lower part hole body;2-drain caverns;
3-rear side tunnel construction sections;4-front side tunnel construction sections;5-middle part tunnel construction sections;
6-high angles are inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography;
7-catch pits;8-arch drainage holes;9-abutment wall drainage holes;
Block wall in 10-holes;Block wall in 11-base tunnels;12-main tunnel block walls;
13-inclined shafts;14-1-the first Tunnel structure;
14-2-the second Tunnel structure;
14-3-third Tunnel structure;
The first Tunnel Second Lining of 15-1-;
The second Tunnel Second Lining of 15-2-;
15-3-third Tunnel Second Lining;
19-side drainage holes;21-tunnel main tunnels.
22-arch slip casting ductules;23-abutment wall slip casting ductules;
The interim vertical supporting column of 24-1-;The interim inverted arch bracket of 24-2-;
25-shaped steel archs;25-1-concrete answers spray-up;
The first spray-up of 25-2-concrete;25-3-grid steel frame;25-4-top arch;
25-41-left side arch;25-42-right side arch;
25-5-tunnel inverted arch bracket;25-6-first longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure;
Spray-up in 25-8-concrete;25-9-side bracket;26-ductule mounting holes;
28-pipe canopy pipes;29-pipe canopy pipe mounting holes;30-concrete block walls;
31-rock stratum segment;Lock foot anchor tube in 32-arch;33-locking foot anchor tubes;
34-middle lock foot anchor tubes;35-lower lock foot anchor tubes;36-Tunnel Second Linings;
The first branch structure of 37-internal layers;The first branch structure of 38-outer layers;39-waterproof layers;
40-bar plantings;42-service galleries;
43-high-order escape route brackets;43-1-A-frame;The vertical lever of 43-2-;
43-3-anchor bar;44-abutment wall people from side row platforms;
45-main tunnel inverted arch filled layers;26-turnover brackets;
46-1-hole people from side row platform;46-2-support frame;47-longitudinal rails;
48-overturning drawstrings;49-lower leading blocks;50-upper left leading blocks;
51-upper right leading blocks;52-hoist engines;53-oblique ladders;
54-emergency ladders;55-safety ropes;58-connecting ropes;
59-directive wheels.
Specific embodiment
One kind as shown in Figure 1 passes through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, the tunnel of institute's construction tunnel Road main tunnel 21 divide for rear side tunnel construction sections 3, positioned at the front side of rear side tunnel construction sections 3 front side tunnel construction sections 4 and be connected to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 with Between front side tunnel construction sections 4 and from the inverse middle part tunnel construction sections 5 for rushing rich water richness sand tomography 6 and passing through of high angle, it is detailed in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4; The same side of tunnel main tunnel 21 is provided with detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2, and the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are from the front to the back Pass through the inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water richness sand tomography 6 of high angle;The detour base tunnel 1 is in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and front side tunnel construction sections 4 Between excavate the detour base tunnel of formation, the detour base tunnel 1 is laid in same level with tunnel main tunnel 21;The detour Base tunnel 1 is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side base tunnel section, the front side base tunnel section from the front to the back and is located at the rear side On front side of base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section is connected between the rear side base tunnel section and the front side base tunnel section, and the middle part is led It cheats section and is laid with tunnel main tunnel 21 in parallel, the rear side base tunnel section rear end is intersected with rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and the intersection of the two For intersection after base tunnel, the front side base tunnel section front end is intersected with front side tunnel construction sections 4 and the intersection of the two is to intersect before base tunnel Mouthful;The rear side base tunnel section is located at 5 rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections;
The drain cavern 2 includes rear side hole body and is located on front side of the body of the rear side hole and lays with tunnel main tunnel 21 in parallel Front side hole body, front side hole body is located at the upper side of tunnel main tunnel 21 and it is located at tunnel main tunnel 21 and the middle part base tunnel Between section, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back;The rear side hole body rear end and rear side tunnel The intersection of the intersection of road section 3 and the two is drain cavern intersection, intersection and the equal position in drain cavern intersection after the base tunnel In 5 rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections, the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body are respectively positioned on intersection rear side after the base tunnel;
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and passes through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness The front drain cavern body of sand tomography 6, the draining of the rear portion hole body composition drain cavern 2 in rear side hole body and front side hole body Hole body;
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and is located on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through the inverse punching of high angle The rear portion base tunnel section of the front base tunnel section of rich water richness sand tomography 6, the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section forms detour The rear side detour base tunnel section of base tunnel 1;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to institute's construction tunnel, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: rear side tunnel construction sections tentatively excavate and supporting construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side It is located at the tunnel construction sections on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in tunnel construction sections 3 and carries out excavation construction, and split digging is molding from the front to the back Rear side tunnel construction sections 3 carry out supporting;
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and supporting construction: being excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 When at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to being located in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 Tunnel construction sections behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel between intersection carry out excavation construction, while handing over from the drain cavern Prong starts to carry out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 from the front to the back, and the split molding rear side tunnel of digging from the front to the back Road section 3 and drain cavern 2 carry out supporting respectively;
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync are excavated and supporting construction: to When rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are excavated to after the base tunnel at the present position of intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear It is located at the tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel on front side of intersection in side tunnel construction sections 3 and carries out excavation construction, and split from the front to the back scrapes out type Rear side tunnel construction sections 3 carry out supporting;Meanwhile excavation construction is continued to the scupper body of drain cavern 2, and after the base tunnel Intersection starts to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1 from the front to the back, and split from the front to the back scrapes out The drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 of type carry out supporting respectively;
Step 4: front drain cavern body, front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction:
The front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section are all the same with the length of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 and three is in parallel It lays, the front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 are divided into multiple tunnel segments from the front to the back, The length of multiple tunnel segments is all the same;
When constructing to the front drain cavern body, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the front drain cavern body Multiple tunnel segments carry out respectively excavate and supporting construction;The excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments It is all the same;Each of the front drain cavern body offers drainage hole group outside a hole in the tunnel segment;
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole 8 and multiple rows of side for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Wall drainage hole 9, multiple rows of arch drainage hole 8 are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body;Every row institute Stating arch drainage hole 8 includes multiple arch drainage holes 8 being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right, Each arch drainage hole 8 is to creep into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography 6 of high angle, each described The gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of arch drainage hole 8;The aperture of all arch drainage holes 8 in arch drainage hole 8 described in every row It is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body;
As shown in fig. 6, abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in the front drain cavern body Abutment wall drainage hole 9 at left and right sides of body on the outside of abutment wall, abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in one group is located in abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in two groups 21 top of tunnel main tunnel, abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in another group are located at 1 top of detour base tunnel;Abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every group wraps Multiple abutment wall drainage holes 9 from top to bottom laid are included, each abutment wall drainage hole 9 is in horizontal layout;Abutment wall described in every row The aperture of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body in drainage hole 9;Each abutment wall Drainage hole 9 is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography 6 of high angle;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to tunnel segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step A1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole 8 of drainage hole group outside hole described in the tunnel segment It drills respectively with abutment wall drainage hole 9, obtains drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding;
Step A2, it drains: being drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1;
Step A3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and right It excavates molding drain cavern 2 and carries out supporting;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front drain cavern body excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete drain cavern 2 Work progress;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to the front base tunnel section, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the front Multiple tunnel segments of base tunnel section carry out excavation and supporting construction respectively;The excavation of multiple tunnel segments and supporting are applied Work method is all the same;A base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment;
Each base tunnel drainage hole group includes the multiple rows of side drainage hole 19 laid from the front to the back, side described in every row Drainage hole 19 includes multiple side drainage holes 19 from top to bottom laid, and each side drainage hole 19 is in horizontal cloth If;The aperture in all side drainage holes 19 is laid in the same cross of the front base tunnel section in side drainage hole 19 described in every row On section;Each side drainage hole 19 is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography 6 of high angle;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to either one or two of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the side drainage hole of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the tunnel segment 19 drill respectively, obtain the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding;
Step B2, it drains: being drained by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1;
Step B3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and right It excavates molding detour base tunnel 1 and carries out supporting;In this step, the face of the front base tunnel section is located at the front drain cavern On rear side of the face of body;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front base tunnel section excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete the front base tunnel The work progress of section;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to middle part tunnel construction sections 5, from the front to the back to multiple tunnels of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 Segment carries out excavating respectively and supporting construction, the excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments are all the same;
The tunnel main tunnel 21 of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is from top to bottom divided into top hole body, middle part hole body 1-2 and lower part hole body 1-3, top hole body are divided into the left side pilot tunnel 1-11 and right side pilot tunnel 1-12 on the right side of the pilot tunnel 1-11 of left side, are detailed in Fig. 7 And Figure 13;
As shown in Figure 14, Figure 15 and Figure 16, the preliminary bracing structure of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is the double-deck preliminary bracing knot Structure, the bilayer preliminary bracing structure include as at the beginning of one layer of injection in the concrete that the concrete on 21 inner wall of tunnel main tunnel is formed Spray-up 25-2, more Pin carry out supporting to tunnel main tunnel 21 and the shaped steel arch 25 at the beginning of branch stands on concrete on the inside of spray-up 25-2, by The concrete that one layer of concrete at the beginning of concrete on spray-up 25-2 of injection is formed answer spray-up 25-1, more Pin to tunnel main tunnel 21 into Row supporting and branch stand on concrete and answer the grid steel frame 25-3 on the inside of spray-up 25-1 and answer spray-up 25- in concrete by one layer of injection Spray-up 25-8 in the concrete that concrete on 1 is formed, the shaped steel arch 25 and grid steel frame 25-3 are to tunnel main tunnel 21 carry out tunneling boring supportings supporting steelframe and the two shape it is identical as the transverse shape of tunnel main tunnel 21;The coagulation Native just spray-up 25-2, concrete answer cross of the transverse shape of spray-up 25-8 in spray-up 25-1 and concrete with tunnel main tunnel 21 Section configuration is identical;The structure of shaped steel arch 25 described in more Pin is all the same and it is carried out from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension It lays, shaped steel arch 25 described in more Pin is fastenedly connected by longitudinal connection structure to be integrated;Grid steel frame 25-3 described in more Pin Structure is all the same, and the quantity of the grid steel frame 25-3 is identical as the quantity of shaped steel arch 25, in shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin Side is laid with grid steel frame 25-3 described in a Pin, shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin and the grid steel frame 25-3 being laid on the inside of it It is laid on the same tunnel cross-section of tunnel main tunnel 21;Shaped steel arch 25 described in more Pin is embedded in concrete and answers spray-up 25-1 Interior, the thickness that the concrete answers spray-up 25-1 is greater than the thickness of shaped steel arch 25;Grid steel frame 25-3 described in more Pin is embedded In in spray-up 25-8, the thickness of spray-up 25-8 is greater than the thickness of grid steel frame 25-3 in the concrete in concrete;More Pin institutes Shaped steel arch 25 is stated in uniformly distributed, the spacing between shaped steel arch 25 described in adjacent two Pin is d and the value range of d is 0.8m ~1.2m;
Shaped steel arch 25 and concrete described in the first spray-up 25-2 of concrete, more Pin described in the bilayer preliminary bracing structure Multiple spray-up 25-1 forms outer layer just branch structure 18, and grid steel frame 25-3 described in spray-up 25-8 and more Pin forms position in the concrete Branch structure 37 at the beginning of the internal layer of 38 inside of branch structure at the beginning of outer layer;
As shown in figure 13, shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin carries out the arch wall branch of supporting by one to 21 arch wall of tunnel main tunnel Support arch and a tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 for carrying out supporting to 21 bottom of tunnel main tunnel are spliced, the tunnel inverted arch branch Frame 25-5 is located at the underface of the arch wall scaffold and the two is located on same tunnel cross section, the tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 and the arch wall scaffold form a closed tunneling boring bracket;The arch wall scaffold is by one to positioned at institute State the intracorporal top arch 25-4 in top hole and two side brackets being symmetrically laid in below at left and right sides of the arch 25-4 of top 25-9 is spliced, and two side bracket 25-9 are respectively positioned in the hole body 1-2 of middle part;The tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 is located at In the body 1-3 of lower part hole, the left end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 is fastenedly connected with a bottom the side bracket 25-9, institute The right end and the bottom side bracket 25-9 described in another for stating tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 are fastenedly connected;The top arch 25-4 By the left side arch 25-41 being located in left side pilot tunnel 1-11 and the splicing of the right side arch 25-42 in the pilot tunnel 1-12 of right side At;
When carrying out excavation and supporting either one or two of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 tunnel segment, comprising the following steps:
Step F1, top hole body excavates and preliminary bracing, process are as follows:
Step F11, left side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to current institute The left side pilot tunnel 1-11 of tunneling segment is excavated;
In the left side pilot tunnel 1-11 digging process, sprayed on excavating molding left side pilot tunnel 1-11 inner wall from the front to the back One layer concrete obtains the just spray-up 25-2 of the concrete in the pilot tunnel 1-11 of left side, and is excavating molding left side pilot tunnel from the front to the back Left side arch 25-41 is installed in 1-11, and left side arch 25-41 branch is made to stand on the concrete just inside spray-up 25-2;Including simultaneously It is sprayed on the collateral vertical first spray-up 25-2 of concrete for having left side arch 25-41 mixed in layer concrete acquisition left side pilot tunnel 1-11 The solidifying multiple spray-up 25-1 of soil, and so that left side arch 25-41 is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up 25-1, it completes inside and outside the pilot tunnel 1-11 of left side The work progress of branch structure 38 at the beginning of layer;
Step F12, right side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: left side pilot tunnel 1-11 digging process described in step F11 In, the right side pilot tunnel 1-12 to current institute's tunneling segment is opened from the front to the back along the synchronization of tunnel longitudinal extension It digs, obtains and excavate molding top hole body;
In the right side pilot tunnel 1-12 digging process, sprayed on excavating molding right side pilot tunnel 1-12 inner wall from the front to the back One layer concrete obtains the just spray-up 25-2 of the concrete in the pilot tunnel 1-12 of right side, and is excavating molding right side pilot tunnel from the front to the back The interior installation right side arch 25-42 of 1-12, stands on right side arch 25-42 branch on the inside of the first spray-up 25-2 of concrete and makes right side arch 25-42 is fastenedly connected with left side arch 25-41 and is integrated, and obtains the top arch 25-4 of construction molding;Simultaneously in inside Zhi Li has the coagulation sprayed in layer concrete acquisition right side pilot tunnel 1-12 on the first spray-up 25-2 of the concrete of right side arch 25-42 The multiple spray-up 25-1 of soil, and so that right side arch 25-42 is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up 25-1, complete outer layer in the body of the top hole The work progress of first branch structure 38;
In this step in digging process, after the face of the right side pilot tunnel 1-12 is located at the face of left side pilot tunnel 1-11 Side;
Step F2, it middle part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: is carried out in the body digging process of top hole in step F1, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is being excavated below molding top hole body in current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back Portion hole body 1-2 is excavated;
In the middle part hole body 1-2 digging process, one is sprayed on excavating molding middle part hole body 1-2 inner wall from the front to the back Layer concrete obtains the just spray-up 25-2 of the concrete in the hole body 1-2 of middle part, and is excavating molding middle part hole body 1-2 from the front to the back Side bracket 25-9 is installed in the left and right sides respectively, stands on side bracket 25-9 branch on the inside of the first spray-up 25-2 of concrete and makes each The side bracket 25-9 is fastenedly connected with top arch 25-4 described in step F12 and is integrated;Collateral stand has inside simultaneously The concrete that a layer concrete obtains in the hole body 1-2 of middle part, which is sprayed, on the first spray-up 25-2 of the concrete of side bracket 25-9 answers spray-up 25-1, and so that side bracket 25-9 is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up 25-1, complete middle part hole body 1-2 ectonexine just branch structure 38 Work progress;
Top arch 25-4 described in the side bracket 25-9 of left and right two and step F12 in the middle part hole body 1-2 Connection composition arch wall arch;
In this step in digging process, the face of the middle part hole body 1-2 is located at right side pilot tunnel 1- described in step F12 On rear side of 12 face;
Step F3, it lower part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: is carried out in step F2 in the body digging process of middle part hole, along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is being excavated below molding middle part hole body 1-2 to the lower part of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back Hole body 1-3 is excavated, and is obtained and is excavated molding tunnel main tunnel 21;
In the lower part hole body 1-3 digging process, one is sprayed on excavating molding lower part hole body 1-3 inner wall from the front to the back Layer concrete obtains the just spray-up 25-2 of the concrete in the body 1-3 of lower part hole, and is excavating molding lower part hole body 1-3 from the front to the back Interior installation tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 stands on inverted arch bracket 25-5 branch in tunnel on the inside of the first spray-up 25-2 of concrete and faces upward tunnel Arch trestle 25-5 connect to form shaped steel arch 25 with arch wall arch described in step F2;Collateral stand has tunnel inverted arch branch inside simultaneously The concrete that a layer concrete obtains in the body 1-3 of lower part hole, which is sprayed, on the first spray-up 25-2 of the concrete of frame 25-5 answers spray-up 25-1, And so that tunnel inverted arch bracket 25-5 is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up 25-1, complete the first branch structure 38 of 21 ectonexine of tunnel main tunnel Work progress;
In this step in digging process, the face of the lower part hole body 1-3 is located at middle part hole body 1-2 described in step F2 Face on rear side of;
Step F4, it internal layer preliminary bracing and two lining constructions: in step F3 in digging process, also needs constructing from the front to the back Collateral vertical grid steel frame 25-3 in the first branch structure 38 of molding outer layer, while collateral stand has grid steel frame 25-3 inside from the front to the back Outer layer just spraying a layer concrete in branch structure 38 obtains spray-up 25-8 in concrete, and it is mixed to be embedded in grid steel frame 25-3 In solidifying soil in spray-up 25-8, the work progress of the first branch structure 37 of internal layer is completed, obtains the double-deck preliminary bracing of construction molding Structure;
During carrying out internal layer preliminary bracing in step F4, from the front to the back in the double-deck preliminary bracing of construction molding Construction tunnel secondary lining 36, completes the excavation and Bracing Process of the tunnel segment on the inside of structure;
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction: the front side tunnel construction sections 4 divide to intersect before the base tunnel Front tunnel construction sections on front side of mouthful and the rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel;
After the completion of the front base tunnel section described in the step 4 is excavated, the front side base tunnel section is excavated from the front to the back, And the split molding detour base tunnel 1 of digging carries out supporting from the front to the back, until completing detour excavation with guide pit 1 and Bracing Process;
After the completion of the excavation of detour base tunnel 1, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front tunnel of front side tunnel construction sections 4 Road section is excavated, and the molding front tunnel construction sections of split digging carry out supporting from the front to the back;Longitudinally extend along tunnel simultaneously The rear portion tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections 4 are from the front to the back excavated in direction, and the split molding rear portion of digging from the front to the back Tunnel construction sections carry out supporting.
In the present embodiment, the front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 are divided into from the front to the back N number of tunnel segment, N are the total quantity of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections 5, and N is positive integer and N >=2;
After the completion of draining in step B2, the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is completed;Its In, i be positive integer and i=1,2,3 ..., N;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, step B1 is entered back into, to institute I-th of tunnel segment for stating front drain cavern body carries out excavation and drainage construction;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, then in middle part tunnel construction sections 5 I-th of tunnel segment carry out curtain-grouting reinforcing;To i-th of tunnel segment curtain-grouting in middle part tunnel construction sections 5 After the completion of reinforcing, then excavation and supporting are carried out to i-th of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections 5.
In this way, in the front base tunnel section after the completion of draining of i-th of tunnel segment, then to middle part tunnel construction sections 5 In i-th of tunnel segment carry out curtain-grouting reinforcing, can significantly reduce i-th of tunnel in the tunnel construction sections 5 of middle part The curtain-grouting strengthening construction difficulty of road segment, and strengthening construction efficiency is improved, shorten the construction period, save construction cost, It can ensure that construction safety simultaneously.
In addition, after the completion of being reinforced due to the curtain-grouting of i-th of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections 5, before subsequent The drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment will not be to i-th of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in portion's drain cavern body It impacts, while also can be more abundant convenient for the draining of i-th of tunnel segment in front drain cavern body, drainage speed is more Fastly.
In the present embodiment, after the completion of draining in step A2, i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body is completed Drainage procedure;
It is led after the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body, then to the front I-th of the tunnel segment cheated in section carries out curtain-grouting reinforcing;To i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section After the completion of curtain-grouting is reinforced, step B4 is entered back into, i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is excavated And supporting.
In this way, in the front drain cavern body after the completion of drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment, then front is led I-th of the tunnel segment cheated in section carries out curtain-grouting reinforcing, can effectively reduce i-th of tunnel in the base tunnel section of front The curtain-grouting of road segment reinforces difficulty, and improves strengthening construction efficiency, shortens the construction period, saves construction cost, simultaneously It can ensure that construction safety.
In the present embodiment, the detour base tunnel 1 is located at that high angle is inverse to rush at the 6 lesser position of width of rich water richness sand tomography, And since the excavated section of detour base tunnel 1 is smaller, thus difficulty of construction replies reduction, due to detour base tunnel 1 and tunnel main tunnel 21 are located in same tunnel face, can verify the tomography situation of the same section part of tunnel main tunnel 21, in advance convenient for instructing construction in later period.
When practice of construction, the length of each tunnel segment is that the value range of L1 and L1 are 15m~25m.This reality It applies in example, L1=20m, according to specific needs, interdependent adjustment is carried out to the value size of L1.
In the present embodiment, the face at middle part tunnel construction sections 5 described in step 4 is located at the area of the front drain cavern body On rear side of face and horizontal space between the two is not less than L, and the face of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is located at the front base tunnel section On rear side of face and horizontal space between the two is not less than L.In this way, can guarantee each face construction safety.
In the present embodiment, the area of section s of the tunnel main tunnel 21 is greater than 100m2, the front drain cavern body and described The area of section of front base tunnel section is no more than s/2;
When being excavated in step A3 to the tunnel segment of the front drain cavern body, opened using full face tunneling method It digs;
When being excavated in step B3 to the tunnel segment of the front base tunnel section, opened using full face tunneling method It digs.In this way, can effectively ensure speed of application.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 5, the tunnel main tunnel 21 of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 be from top to bottom divided into top hole body, Middle part hole body 1-2 and lower part hole body 1-3, top hole body are divided into left side pilot tunnel 1-11 and on the right side of the pilot tunnel 1-11 of left side Right side pilot tunnel 1-12;
When being excavated in step 4 either one or two of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 tunnel segment, using three step four step rules It is excavated, process is as follows:
Step D1, top hole body excavates and preliminary bracing, process are as follows:
Step D11, it left side pilot drive and preliminary bracing: is excavated from the front to the back to current along tunnel longitudinal extension The left side pilot tunnel 1-11 of tunnel segment is excavated;
It is split from the front to the back to dig molding left side pilot tunnel 1-11 progress preliminary bracing in digging process;
Step D12, right side pilot drive and preliminary bracing: in left side pilot tunnel 1-11 digging process described in step D11, edge Longitudinal extension synchronization in tunnel from the front to the back excavates the right side pilot tunnel 1-12 to current institute's tunneling segment, obtains Excavate molding top hole body;
It is split from the front to the back to dig molding right side pilot tunnel 1-12 progress preliminary bracing in digging process;
In this step, the face of the right side pilot tunnel 1-12 is located on rear side of the face of left side pilot tunnel 1-11;
Step D2, middle part hole body excavation and preliminary bracing: carrying out in the body digging process of top hole in step D1, vertical along tunnel It is being excavated below molding top hole body to the middle part hole of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back to extending direction Body 1-2 is excavated;
It is split from the front to the back to dig molding middle part hole body 1-2 progress preliminary bracing in digging process;
In this step, the face of the middle part hole body 1-2 is located at the face on right side pilot tunnel 1-12 described in step D12 Rear side;
Step D3, lower part hole body excavation and preliminary bracing: carrying out in step D2 in the body digging process of middle part hole, vertical along tunnel It is being excavated below molding middle part hole body 1-2 to the lower part hole body of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back to extending direction 1-3 is excavated, and is obtained and is excavated molding tunnel main tunnel 21;
It is split from the front to the back to dig molding lower part hole body 1-3 progress preliminary bracing in digging process, complete tunnel main tunnel 21 Tunnel process;
In this step, after the face of the lower part hole body 1-3 is located at the face at middle part hole body 1-2 described in step D2 Side.
As shown in the above, the tunnel main tunnel 21 of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is excavated using three steps, four step excavating load, by It is abundant in decompression early period precipitation, thus can ensure that the tunnel structure in digging process is firm, and excavated section piecemeal is less, energy Difficulty of construction is effectively reduced, and reduces construction risk.
According to general knowledge known in this field, advanced curtain-grouting, which refers to, add comprehensively to the soil body a certain range of in front of tunnel Gu water seal curtain is formed excavating area peripheral edge, to prevent seepage action of ground water from bringing greater risk to constructing tunnel.The present invention into When the advanced curtain-grouting of row, the rock stratum of each tunnel segment front of tunnel heading is surpassed according to conventional advanced curtain-grouting method Preceding curtain-grouting.
In the present embodiment, curtain note is carried out to tunnel segment described in any of the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections When slurry is reinforced, it is all made of conventional tunneling boring curtain-grouting and reinforces.To tunnel section described in any of described front drain cavern body Before Duan Jinhang is excavated, curtain-grouting reinforcing first is carried out to the tunnel segment, and add using conventional tunneling boring curtain-grouting Gu.
Wherein, the detour base tunnel 1 is laid in same level with tunnel main tunnel 21 refers to: the detour base tunnel 1 Maximum excavation width at be laid in same level at the maximum excavation width of tunnel main tunnel 21.Front side hole body with Clear distance between tunnel main tunnel 21 is 5m~10m.In the present embodiment, the clear distance between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 is 7m.It is according to specific needs, corresponding to the clear distance progress between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 to adjust when practice of construction It is whole.Wherein, the clear distance between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 refers to the front side hole body bottom and tunnel main tunnel 21 Vertical spacing between top, the front side hole body bottom are located at the upper side at 21 top of tunnel main tunnel.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, a hole is arranged in each tunnel segment rear end in the front drain cavern body Interior block wall 10, in the hole block wall 10 and the perpendicular laying of front side hole body and its to be sealed to front side hole body Stifled vertical block wall;
In step A1 carry out drainage hole construction before, need to also the tunnel segment rear end construct hole in block wall 10, applied Block wall 10 is located on rear side of the face of the tunnel segment in the hole of work and the face of itself and the tunnel segment abuts.
Before reality excavates any one described tunnel segment, it is arranged in a hole in the tunnel segment rear end and seals Wall 10.Wall for grouting when block wall 10 is also capable as carrying out the tunnel segment advanced curtain-grouting in the hole, thus It is practical.
In the present embodiment, the front end face of the front base tunnel section, the front drain cavern body and the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is equal It is in the same plane.
Utmostly to be drained, a base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each base tunnel segment.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, a base tunnel is arranged in each tunnel segment rear end in the front base tunnel section Interior block wall 11, in the base tunnel block wall 11 and the perpendicular laying of the middle part base tunnel section and its be to front side hole body into The vertical block wall that row blocks;
In the base tunnel block wall 11 and the front base tunnel section it is perpendicular laying and its be to the front base tunnel section into The vertical block wall that row blocks;
Before carrying out drainage hole construction in step B1, block wall 11 in construction base tunnel is also needed, is blocked in the base tunnel constructed Wall 11 is located on rear side of the face of the tunnel segment and the face of itself and the base tunnel segment abuts.Block wall 11 in the base tunnel It is also capable as carrying out the tunnel segment wall for grouting when advanced curtain-grouting, thus it is practical.
3 front of rear side tunnel construction sections is provided with main tunnel block wall 12, and the main tunnel block wall 12 is in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 Vertical runs and its be the vertical block wall that rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are blocked;The main tunnel block wall 12 and tunnel main tunnel 21 The inverse rear end face for rushing rich water richness sand tomography 6 of interior high angle abuts, and block wall 11 is being and just in block wall 10 and base tunnel in the hole Hole block wall 12 is laid in parallel.
Block wall 10 is block wall in the hole of rear end in the hole of the last one tunnel segment rear end in the body of the front side hole, Block wall 11 is rear end base tunnel block wall in the base tunnel of the last one base tunnel segment rear end of front base tunnel section, after described Block wall and the rear end base tunnel block wall are laid on same vertical plane and after the two is respectively positioned on main tunnel block wall 12 in the hole of end Side, the clear distance in the rear end hole between block wall and main tunnel block wall 12 are 2m~5m.Wherein, block wall in the rear end hole Clear distance between main tunnel block wall 12 refers to the rear side of the front side wall of block wall and main tunnel block wall 12 in the rear end hole Horizontal space between wall.
In the present embodiment, arch described in a row is located on the foremost side in each tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body In portion's drainage hole 8, the front end of each arch drainage hole 8 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the tunnel segment;Each tunnel The aperture of all arch drainage holes 8 is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the tunnel segment in road segment.In each tunnel segment It is located on the foremost side in abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in a row, the front end of each abutment wall drainage hole 9 is respectively positioned on the tunnel segment On front side of front end face;After the aperture of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 is respectively positioned on the rear end face of the tunnel segment in each tunnel segment Side.In this way, can effectively ensure that all tunnel segments can be carried out abundant, effective draining, and it can ensure that two neighboring tunnel section It also can be carried out abundant, effective draining between section, effectively ensure construction safety.
Before being excavated to any one described tunnel segment of the front drain cavern body, first in the rear end of the tunnel segment Block wall 10 in construction hole, then drainage hole group outside the hole in the tunnel segment is drilled with;Recycling is drilled described Drainage hole group is drained outside hole, is removed after the completion of draining to block wall 10 in the hole of the tunnel segment rear end, then to this Tunnel segment carries out excavation construction.It is effectively blocked by block wall 10 in hole, can ensure that and the tunnel segment is drained In the process, water burst occurs in the body of the front side hole, gushes sand accident.Also, sufficiently, effectively draining after, then to the tunnel segment into Row excavation construction can effectively ensure construction safety.
In the present embodiment, in each of described front drain cavern body tunnel segment the aperture of all arch drainage holes 8 It is respectively positioned on 10 rear side of block wall in the hole of the tunnel segment rear end;The hole of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 in each tunnel segment Mouth is respectively positioned in the hole of the tunnel segment rear end 10 rear side of block wall, effectively in drainage procedure, can excavate molding institute in this way State front side hole body safety.
The aperture of the arch drainage hole 8 is that port, the aperture of the abutment wall drainage hole 9 are port thereafter thereafter.
In the present embodiment, side described in a row is located on the foremost side in each tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section In drainage hole 19, the front end in each side drainage hole 19 is respectively positioned on front side of the front end face of the tunnel segment;Each tunnel The aperture in all side drainage holes 19 is respectively positioned on rear side of the rear end face of the tunnel segment in road segment.In this way, can effectively ensure institute Stating all tunnel segments in the base tunnel section of front can be carried out abundant, effective draining, and can ensure that the front base tunnel Duan Zhongxiang Adjacent two tunnels also can be carried out abundant, effective draining between segment, effectively ensure construction safety.
Before being excavated to tunnel segment described in any of described front base tunnel section (also referred to as base tunnel segment), first exist Block wall 11 in the rear end construction base tunnel of the base tunnel segment, then drainage hole group outside the hole in the base tunnel segment is bored If;Drainage hole group outside the hole that is drilled is recycled to be drained, to sealing in the base tunnel of the base tunnel segment rear end after the completion of draining Wall 11 is removed, then carries out excavation construction to the base tunnel segment.It is effectively blocked by block wall 11 in base tunnel, it can be really It protects and the base tunnel segment is carried out in drainage procedure, water burst occurs in the body of the front side hole, gushes sand accident.Also, it sufficiently, effectively arranges After water, then excavation construction is carried out to the base tunnel segment, can effectively ensure construction safety.
In the present embodiment, after the aperture in all side drainage holes 19 is respectively positioned on the base tunnel segment in each base tunnel segment The rear side of block wall 10 in the hole at end effectively in drainage procedure, can excavate molding front side hole body safety in this way.
In the present embodiment, block wall 10 in the hole, in base tunnel block wall 11 and main tunnel block wall 12 be with a thickness of The concrete walls of 20cm.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to block wall 11 and main tunnel in block wall 10 in hole, base tunnel The wall thickness of block wall 12 adjusts accordingly respectively.
To ensure that sluicing effect, the arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 rush rich water richness sand tomography into high angle is inverse 6 length is not less than 10m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 are entered high The inverse length for rushing rich water richness sand tomography 6 of angle adjusts accordingly.
High angle is inverse in the present embodiment, in the front end face and tunnel main tunnel 21 of front side hole body rushes rich water richness sand tomography 6 Front end face be located on same vertical plane.
To improve speed of application, and to ensure construction safety, intersection and 5 rear end face of middle part tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel Between spacing be 50m~100m.Spacing between 5 rear end face of the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections be 120m~ 180m.Spacing between the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and 5 front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections is 20m~60m.It is described in the present embodiment Spacing after base tunnel between 5 rear end face of intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections is 70m, the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 Spacing between rear end face is 150m, and the spacing between the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and 5 front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections is 40m.Its In, the rear end face of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is the front end face of main tunnel block wall 12, and the front end face of middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is tunnel main tunnel 21 The inverse front end face for rushing rich water richness sand tomography 6 of interior high angle.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between 5 rear end face of intersection after the base tunnel and middle part tunnel construction sections Spacing and the preceding intersection of base tunnel and middle part tunnel between 5 rear end face of spacing, the drain cavern intersection and middle part tunnel construction sections Spacing between 5 front end faces of section adjusts accordingly respectively.
To ensure construction safety, block wall 10 is located in drain cavern 2 that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography 6 in the hole On rear side of rear end face.
In the present embodiment, inclined shaft 13 is provided on rear side of the drain cavern 2,13 front end of inclined shaft is intersected with tunnel main tunnel 21 And the intersection of the two is inclined shaft intersection, the inclined shaft intersection is located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection;The inclined shaft 13 For the drainage channel for will be discharged out of tunnel main tunnel 21 from the water that drain cavern 2 is discharged;
When carrying out the rear side preliminary excavation construction of tunnel construction sections in step 1, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear It is located at the tunnel construction sections on rear side of the inclined shaft intersection in side tunnel construction sections 3 and carries out excavation construction;It is excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 described Behind the present position of inclined shaft intersection, then along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 be located at the inclined shaft Tunnel construction sections between intersection and the drain cavern intersection carry out excavation construction, while to oblique since the inclined shaft intersection Well 13 carries out excavation construction;
The arch drainage hole 8, abutment wall drainage hole 9 and side drainage hole 19 are stratum drainage hole;
When being drained in step A2 by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1, by drainage hole group outside the hole Each stratum drainage hole water is drained into drain cavern 2, then let out by being located at the inclined shaft intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 with described Tunnel construction sections between the intersection of water hole drain into water in inclined shaft 13, and water is discharged finally by the inclined shaft 13 completed is excavated;
When being drained in step B2 by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1, by the base tunnel drainage hole group Each stratum drainage hole water is drained into detour base tunnel 1, then by be located in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 the inclined shaft intersection with it is described Tunnel construction sections between drain cavern intersection drain into water in inclined shaft 13, and water is discharged finally by the inclined shaft 13 completed is excavated.
The aperture of the stratum drainage hole is φ 100mm~φ 120mm, and the aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxial Orifice tube is installed.
In the present embodiment, the aperture in each side drainage hole 19 is coaxially installed with orifice tube.
As shown in Fig. 2, being provided with catch pit 7 in the rear side tunnel construction sections 3, the catch pit 7 is located at drain cavern friendship Between prong and the inclined shaft intersection;Gutter is provided in the drain cavern 2, the gutter is along the longitudinal direction of drain cavern 2 Extending direction is laid;The rear end in the gutter is connected to catch pit 7.Meanwhile the draining is provided in the detour base tunnel 1 Ditch.
The aperture of each stratum drainage hole is coaxially installed with orifice tube, for convenience of draining, each orifice tube Outer end be inserted into the stratum drainage hole, the inner end of each orifice tube is mounted on connecting flange, each The orifice tube inner end passes through the connecting flange and connect with the drainpipe for being connected to the gutter;
When being drained in step A2 by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1, by being installed in each stratum drainage hole The orifice tube water is drained into drainpipe, then water is drained into the gutter in drain cavern 2 by the drainpipe, And it is drained into catch pit 7 by the gutter;After the completion of the excavation of inclined shaft 13, the water in catch pit 7 is arranged by inclined shaft 13 To 13 outside of inclined shaft.
When being drained in step B2 by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1, by being installed in each stratum drainage hole The orifice tube water is drained into drainpipe, then water is drained by the drainpipe by the gutter in detour base tunnel 1 It is interior, and drained into catch pit 7 by the gutter;After the completion of the excavation of inclined shaft 13, by inclined shaft 13 by the water in catch pit 7 Drain into 13 outside of inclined shaft.
In addition, the junction between the orifice tube and the drainpipe is mounted on hydraulic pressure force checking device, to each The discharge pressure of stratum drainage hole carries out real-time monitoring.In the present embodiment, the direction that meets water inside the orifice tube is laid with strainer.
In this way, the intracorporal water of front drain cavern flows through drainpipe and leads to tunnel by gutter when actually being drained Catch pit 7 in road main tunnel 21, using pumping plant and by inclined shaft 13 outside easy, fast pumping to inclined shaft 13, and to inclined shaft 13 It can be discharged along slope with after perforation.Similarly, the water in the front base tunnel section flows through drainpipe and is leading to tunnel just by gutter Catch pit 7 in hole 21, using pumping plant and by inclined shaft 13 outside easy, fast pumping to inclined shaft 13, and to inclined shaft 13 with pass through It can be discharged along slope after logical.
In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of length 2.5m~3.5m of the orifice tube, the orifice tube are arranged greater than the stratum The aperture in water hole.
In the present embodiment, the aperture of the stratum drainage hole is φ 110mm.The internal diameter of the orifice tube be φ 108mm and Its wall thickness is 9mm.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, the size in aperture and orifice tube to the stratum drainage hole is carried out Corresponding adjustment.
In the present embodiment, arch drainage hole 8 described in every row includes 3 arch drainage holes, 8,3 arch drainage holes 8 Respectively it is located at and is laid in the middle part drainage hole right above the body of the front side hole and to be symmetrically laid in the middle part drainage hole left The left side drainage hole and right side drainage hole of right two sides, longitudinal extension cloth of the middle part drainage hole along front side hole body If the left side drainage hole is gradually tilted to the left from the front to the back, the right side drainage hole is gradually tilted to the right from the front to the back.Its In, spacing and front side hole body between the front port of the left side drainage hole and the right front port for surveying drainage hole are opened Dig it is of same size, wherein the excavation width of front side hole body refer to the front side hole body outline excavation it is maximum excavate it is wide Degree.In this way, can effectively ensure the drainage effect in region locating for the body of the front side hole by the arch drainage hole 8, and arch The length of drainage hole 8 can also be effectively controlled, the effectively save cost of energy, and reduce the duration.
In the present embodiment, vault drainage hole 8 described in every row includes 3 vault drainage holes, 8,3 vault drainage holes 8 Respectively it is located to be laid in the arch right above the front base tunnel section drainage hole and be symmetrically laid in the arch and arranges The outer drainage hole of leftwall at left and right sides of water hole and the outer drainage hole of RightWall, drainage hole is along the front base tunnel section in the arch Longitudinal extension lay, the outer drainage hole of the leftwall is gradually tilted to the left from the front to the back, the outer drainage hole of the RightWall It is gradually tilted to the right from the front to the back.Wherein, the front port of the outer drainage hole of the leftwall is located at 21 right side of tunnel main tunnel.
As shown in the above, drainage system, and detour base tunnel 1 are provided in the drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 Construction speed it is slower than the construction speed of drain cavern 2, again can be by detour base tunnel 1 in this way after drain cavern 2 is drained Row supplement draining, the draining of drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 complement one another, are able to achieve and utmostly drain.Meanwhile detour base tunnel 1 The advanced curtain-grouting difficulty of detour base tunnel 1 can be effectively reduced in interior setting drainage system, and ensures that detour base tunnel 1 is easy, fast Speed construction is completed, and work progress is safe and reliable.
In the present embodiment, the length of advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction described in step A2 is vertical not less than the tunnel segment To length.
To ensure drainage effect, and to further increase difficulty of construction, the arch drainage hole 8 and abutment wall drainage hole 9 Borehole bottom location be respectively positioned on the outside of the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction of the tunnel segment, i.e., described 8 He of arch drainage hole The front end of abutment wall drainage hole 9 is respectively positioned on the outside of the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction, and the tunnel section can also be effectively ensured in this way The advanced curtain grouting reinforcement effect of section.
Similarly, the advanced curtain-grouting that the borehole bottom location in the side drainage hole 19 is respectively positioned on the base tunnel segment is reinforced On the outside of structure, i.e. the front end in side drainage hole 19 is respectively positioned on the outside of the advanced curtain-grouting ruggedized construction, so also can be effective Guarantee the advanced curtain grouting reinforcement effect of the base tunnel segment.
The rear side base tunnel section is the tunnel construction sections being gradually inclined outwardly from the front to the back, and the front side base tunnel section is from the front to the back Gradually intilted tunnel construction sections.In the present embodiment, the rear side base tunnel section, the front side base tunnel section and rear side hole body with Horizontal sextant angle between tunnel main tunnel 21 is 60 °.Horizontal sextant angle between rear side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 is 60 °.
Outside each hole in drainage hole group in two rows of arch drainage holes 8 between the aperture of arch drainage hole 8 between Away from for 2m~5m, the spacing in the adjacent two rows abutment wall drainage hole 9 between the aperture of abutment wall drainage hole 9 is 2m~5m.In this way, It can effectively ensure the drainage effect in drain cavern 2 by multiple arch drainage holes 8 and multiple abutment wall drainage holes 9, really It is abundant to protect draining.
Also, the spacing in the adjacent two rows side drainage hole 19 between the aperture in side drainage hole 19 is 2m~5m. In this way, can effectively ensure the drainage effect in detour base tunnel 1 by multiple side drainage holes 19, it is ensured that draining is abundant.
To ensure sufficiently to drain in tunnel main tunnel 21 and 1 top rock mass of detour base tunnel, tunnel is located in the body of the front side hole The front end of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 of 21 top of main tunnel and the horizontal space of the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body are not less than D1, wherein d1 is the horizontal space of the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body and the longitudinal centre line of tunnel main tunnel 21.Meanwhile institute State the front end of all abutment wall drainage holes 9 in the body of front side hole above detour base tunnel 1 and the longitudinal center of front side hole body The horizontal space of line is not less than d2, and wherein d2 is the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body and the longitudinal centre line of detour base tunnel 1 Horizontal space.
In the present embodiment, in the body of the front side hole positioned at 21 top of tunnel main tunnel all abutment wall drainage holes 9 front end with The horizontal space of the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body is d1, positioned at the institute of 1 top of detour base tunnel in the body of the front side hole Having the horizontal space of the front end of abutment wall drainage hole 9 and the longitudinal centre line of front side hole body is d2.In this way, can not only be effective Ensure drainage effect, guarantees draining sufficiently, meanwhile, make the length of abutment wall drainage hole 9 that can also be effectively controlled, it can be effectively save Cost, and reduce the duration.
Spacing in the present embodiment, in arch drainage hole 8 described in every row between two neighboring 8 aperture of arch drainage hole It is 1.8m~2.2m, the spacing in abutment wall drainage hole 9 described in every group between neighbouring two abutment wall drainage holes 9 is 2m~3m.
When practice of construction, the clear distance between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 is 8m~9m, the middle part base tunnel section Clear distance between tunnel main tunnel 21 is 26m~30m.
The excavated section of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 is respectively less than the excavated section of tunnel main tunnel 21.The present embodiment In, the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are the service gallery of tunnel main tunnel 21.
According to general knowledge known in this field, tunnel main tunnel 21 is with respect to for service gallery, and tunnel main tunnel 21 is to need to construct Molding Tunnel, when constructing to tunnel main tunnel 21, need to usually construct service gallery, such as inclined shaft, tunnel Heng Dong, base tunnel Deng.The detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are bicycle road service gallery type section, the excavation of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 Section width (i.e. excavation width, the maximum excavation width of outline excavation) is 3.8m~6m and the excavation height of the two is 3.5m ~5m.Thus, the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 are narrow-bore tunnel, although the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 both pass through High angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography 6, but compared to for tunnel main tunnel 21, the difficulty of construction of the detour base tunnel 1 and drain cavern 2 It is greatly reduced, and the construction risk of the two is also greatly reduced.
In addition, the detour base tunnel 1 apart from tunnel main tunnel 21 farther out, and detour base tunnel 1 selects high angle is inverse to rush rich water The relatively good position of rich 6 earth formation of sand tomography, thus its difficulty of construction and construction risk further decrease.Due to from the angle of elevation Degree is very big and very time-consuming against 5 difficulty of construction of middle part tunnel construction sections that rich water richness sand tomography 6 passes through is rushed, using detour base tunnel 1 After can bypass middle part tunnel construction sections 5, in tunnel main tunnel 21 be located at the preceding intersection of the base tunnel on front side of tunnel construction sections construct.? While construction to the tunnel construction sections being located on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in tunnel main tunnel 21, it can synchronize to tunnel main tunnel It is located at the tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in 21 to construct, thus can effectively improves Construction efficiency shortens the construction period;Also, it can be from intersection after the base tunnel and the position the base tunnel preceding intersection Liang Ge to tunnel It is located at the tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel between intersection and the preceding intersection of the base tunnel in road main tunnel 21 to construct in opposite directions, thus The time can be further saved, further shorten the construction period.
In the present embodiment, clear distance between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 is 8.4m, the middle part base tunnel section with Clear distance between tunnel main tunnel 21 is 28.4m.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between front side hole body and tunnel main tunnel 21 clear distance and institute The clear distance stated between middle part base tunnel section and tunnel main tunnel 21 adjusts accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, front side hole body is gradually acclivitous inclination hole body from the front to the back, front side hole body The gradient be 8%~11%.
In the present embodiment, the inclined shaft 13 is the service gallery of tunnel main tunnel 21.
When practice of construction, subsequent excavation construction is carried out to detour base tunnel 1 from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the detour base tunnel 1 is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body;
Excavation construction is carried out to the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 of tunnel main tunnel 21 from the front to the back along tunnel extending direction in step 4 When, the face of the middle part tunnel construction sections 5 is located at the face rear of the front drain cavern body.In this way, can effectively ensure circuitous Return the working security of base tunnel 1 and middle part tunnel construction sections 5.
In the present embodiment, the front side tunnel construction sections 4 divide on front side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel front tunnel construction sections and Rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel;
In step 4 after the completion of the construction of detour base tunnel 1, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to front side tunnel construction sections 4 Front tunnel construction sections carry out excavation construction, while along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the rear portion tunnel of front side tunnel construction sections 4 Road section carries out excavation construction, thus can effectively improve construction speed, shortens the construction period.Also, it constructs in the middle part tunnel 5 In the process, it can synchronize and construct to front side tunnel construction sections 4.
In the present embodiment, tunnel main tunnel supporting construction, the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction packet are provided in tunnel main tunnel 21 It includes split the first Tunnel structure 14-1 for digging the molding progress of tunnel main tunnel 21 preliminary bracing and is laid in the first tunnel The first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1, the first Tunnel structure 14-1 on the inside of road preliminary bracing structure 14-1 and One Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to tunnel main tunnel 21;
Drain cavern supporting construction is provided in the drain cavern 2, the drain cavern supporting construction includes that split digging is molding Drain cavern 2 carries out the second Tunnel structure 14-2 of preliminary bracing and is laid in the second Tunnel structure 14-2 Second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2, the second Tunnel structure 14-2 and the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2 of inside It is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to drain cavern 2;
In step 1, when carrying out excavation construction to rear side tunnel construction sections 3 in step 2 and step 3, along the longitudinal extension side in tunnel The molding progress of rear side tunnel construction sections 3 supporting is dug to split from the front to the back, and obtains the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding;
When carrying out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 in step 2 and step 3, along tunnel longitudinal extension It is split from the front to the back to dig the molding progress of drain cavern 2 supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding;
When carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections 5 in step 4, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to excavation Molding middle part tunnel construction sections 5 carry out supporting, and obtain the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction of construction molding;
When carrying out excavation construction to the front drain cavern body in step 4, along tunnel, longitudinal extension is right from the front to the back It excavates the molding front drain cavern body and carries out supporting, and obtain the drain cavern supporting construction of construction molding;
Excavation construction is carried out to the scupper body of drain cavern 2 from the front to the back since the drain cavern intersection in step 2 Before, first to the first Tunnel structure 14-1 in region locating for the drain cavern intersection and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively, obtains the drain cavern intersection of construction molding;
The rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1 is carried out from the front to the back intersection after the base tunnel in step 3 Before excavation construction, first to the first Tunnel structure 14-1 in region locating for intersection after the base tunnel and the first tunnel Secondary lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively, obtains intersection after the base tunnel of construction molding.
In the present embodiment, the drain cavern 2 and detour base tunnel 1 are the service gallery of tunnel main tunnel 21, after the base tunnel Intersection, the preceding intersection of the base tunnel and the drain cavern intersection are service gallery hole, and the service gallery hole is The intersection that service gallery intersects with tunnel main tunnel 21;
To the secondary lining of the first Tunnel structure 14-1 and the first tunnel in region locating for the drain cavern intersection It builds 15-1 and carries out the boring method of aperture and the first Tunnel knot to region locating for intersection after the base tunnel respectively The boring method that structure 14-1 and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively is identical and both for service gallery hole Aperture method;
When carrying out aperture using the service gallery hole aperture method, to first of region locating for the service gallery hole Tunnel structure 14-1 and the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carry out aperture respectively, and process is as follows:
Step E1, the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture: secondary to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Lining cutting 15-1 carries out aperture, obtains two lining holes;
The structure at two lining hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole;
Step E2, the first Tunnel structure aperture: to first tunnel in region locating for the service gallery hole Preliminary bracing structure 14-1 carries out aperture, obtains just branch hole;
The structure at the just branch hole is identical as the structure at the service gallery hole;
Step E3, hole supporting: using circumferential steel arch-shelf to just branch hole carries out supporting, the circumferential direction described in step E2 Steel arch-shelf be to it is described just branch hole carry out tunneling boring supporting support bracket and its structure with it is described at the beginning of the structure at branch hole it is identical.
In the present embodiment, the inclined shaft intersection is the service gallery hole, to oblique since the inclined shaft intersection Before well 13 carries out excavation construction, first the first Tunnel structure 14-1 to region locating for the inclined shaft intersection and the One Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 carries out aperture respectively, obtains the inclined shaft intersection of construction molding.
To the first Tunnel structure 14-1 in region locating for the inclined shaft intersection and the first Tunnel Second Lining The boring method that 15-1 carries out aperture respectively is service gallery hole aperture method.
To ensure stabilized structure, base tunnel supporting construction is provided in the detour base tunnel 1, the base tunnel supporting construction includes At the beginning of the split molding detour base tunnel 1 of digging carries out the third Tunnel structure 14-3 of preliminary bracing and is laid in third tunnel Third Tunnel Second Lining 15-3, the third Tunnel structure 14-3 and third tunnel on the inside of phase supporting construction 14-3 Road secondary lining 15-3 is the supporting construction that tunneling boring supporting is carried out to detour base tunnel 1.It is practical that detour base tunnel 1 is excavated It is split from the front to the back to dig the molding progress of detour base tunnel 1 supporting when construction, and obtain the base tunnel supporting knot of construction molding Structure.Thus, the excavation and method for protecting support of the detour base tunnel 1, drain cavern 2, front side tunnel construction sections 4 and rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are all made of Be conventional excavation and method for protecting support.
Wherein, the tunnel main tunnel supporting construction in the front side tunnel construction sections 4 and rear side tunnel construction sections 3 is routine Tunnel support structure, the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 be reinforced concrete lining layer.To the front side tunnel construction sections 4 with after It when side tunnel construction sections 3 are excavated, is all made of full face tunneling method and is excavated, and excavated using drilling and blasting method.It is described to let out Water hole supporting construction is conventional tunnel support structure, and the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2 is reinforced concrete lining layer.It is described to lead Pit supporting construction is conventional tunnel support structure, and third Tunnel Second Lining 15-3 is reinforced concrete lining layer.Detour is led When hole 1 and drain cavern 2 are excavated, it is all made of drilling and blasting method and is excavated.When being excavated to middle part tunnel construction sections 5, also using brill Quick-fried method is excavated.
In the present embodiment, the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 is reinforced concrete structure, first tunnel initial-stage Supporting construction 14-1 include it is multiple from the front to the back lay and to tunnel main tunnel 21 carry out tunneling boring supporting tunneling boring support frame and The Bolt net and jet preliminary bracing structure of tunneling boring supporting, the structure and ruler of multiple tunneling boring support frames are carried out to tunnel main tunnel 21 Very little all the same and it is in uniformly distributed, the shape of the tunneling boring support frame is identical as the transverse shape of tunnel main tunnel 21;Institute Stating Bolt net and jet preliminary bracing structure is using the preliminary bracing structure of net spray method for protecting support construction molding, and the net sprays preliminary bracing Structure includes the steel mesh being mounted in tunnel main tunnel 21 and is formed by one layer of injection in the concrete on 21 inner wall of tunnel main tunnel Concrete ejection layer, the steel mesh and the tunneling boring support frame are embedded in the concrete ejection layer.Front and back phase It is fastenedly connected by multiple longitudinal connecting members between adjacent two tunneling boring support frames.
When carrying out the first Tunnel Second Lining aperture in the present embodiment, in step E1, first in the first Tunnel Second Lining 15- Surveying and locating on 1 arch wall, and mark out the excavation contour line at the service gallery hole;Meanwhile marking out two lining hole The excavated sections of the excavation contour line of mouth, two lining hole amplify 20cm (i.e. than the excavated section at the service gallery hole The excavation contour line at two lining hole is located on the outside of the excavation contour line at the service gallery hole and spacing between the two For 20cm), guarantee the reinforcing bar (hereinafter referred to as two lined steel muscle) of the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 and the overlap joint of splash guard, using hand It holds cutting machine and ring cutting is carried out to the concrete of the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1 (hereinafter referred to as two lining concretes), joint-cutting depth 5cm, really Guarantor does not damage two lined steel muscle, uses quartering hammer to abolish two lining concretes after the completion of ring cutting, first cuts intermediate position, two lining hole 20cm is reserved at excavation contour line manually uses pneumatic pick to be cut, it is ensured that the excavation contour line concrete at two lining hole it is neat and Splash guard is not destroyed.After the completion of two lining concretes are abolished, cuts two lined steel muscle and splash guard, two lined steel muscle and splash guard are all made of and cut Cutting mill is cut, and two lined steel muscle and splash guard reserve enough laps of splice, and two lined steel muscle reserve lap of splice 70cm, waterproof Plate reserves lap of splice 60cm.
When carrying out the first Tunnel structure aperture in step E2, the excavated section at the just branch hole is more auxiliary than described Helping the excavated section at tunnel hole to amplify 10cm, (excavation contour line at the just branch hole is located at opening for the service gallery hole Dig on the outside of contour line and spacing between the two be 10cm), the first Tunnel structure 14-1 is first cut using quartering hammer Concrete ejection layer, the protection of two lining reserved steel bars and splash guard is carried out during cutting.
After the concrete ejection layer of the first Tunnel structure 14-1 is cut, the first Tunnel knot is cut The tunneling boring support frame (i.e. just branch steel arch-shelf) in structure 14-1, uses 3m long lock foot anchor tube to original before cutting just branch steel arch-shelf First branch steel arch-shelf is reinforced, while being reinforced using the circumferential steel arch-shelf, and the circumferential direction steel arch-shelf and the auxiliary are cheated The tunneling boring support frame (the tunneling boring support frame after cutting) in region locating for road hole is fastenedly connected, after making cutting The tunneling boring support frame arch springing it is not hanging.
In the present embodiment, during carrying out internal layer preliminary bracing in step F4, also need from the front to the back in construction molding Construction tunnel secondary lining 36 on the inside of the bilayer preliminary bracing structure, is detailed in Fig. 8.
Just just branch structure 37 forms the double-deck preliminary bracing structure to the outer layer for branch structure 38 and internal layer.The present embodiment In, the clear distance between shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin and grid steel frame 25-3 on its inside is not less than 5cm.Thus, every Pin The thickness that concrete between the shaped steel arch 25 and grid steel frame 25-3 on its inside answers spray-up 25-1 is not less than 5cm, that is to say, that the concrete answers cladding thickness of the spray-up 25-1 on shaped steel arch 25 not less than 5cm.
In the present embodiment, in the concrete spray-up 25-8 include outside concrete layer and be located at the outside concrete layer The inside concrete layer of inside, grid steel frame 25-3 described in more Pin are both secured in the outside concrete layer;The inside is mixed The thickness of solidifying soil layer is not less than 5cm.
The thickness of the first spray-up 25-2 of the concrete is 3cm~5cm.In the present embodiment, the layer of the first spray-up 25-2 of concrete Thickness is 4cm.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, spray-up 25-1 and concrete are answered to spray-up 25-2, concrete at the beginning of concrete The thickness of interior spray-up 25-8 adjusts accordingly respectively.
In conjunction with Figure 17, in the present embodiment, the shaped steel arch 25 is the first steelframe or the second steelframe, first steelframe with Second steelframe is laid staggeredly and the quantity of the two is identical, is provided with a Pin between the first steelframe described in adjacent two Pin in front and back Second steelframe;The longitudinal connection structure includes that first longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-6 with second longitudinal direction reinforcing bar connects knot Structure 25-7;
First steelframe described in more Pin is laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, and the second steelframe described in more Pin is along tunnel Road longitudinal extension is laid from the front to the back;It is laid by multiple along tunnel longitudinal extension between first steelframe described in more Pin First longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-6 be fastenedly connected and be integrated, it is vertical along tunnel by multiple between the second steelframe described in more Pin The second longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-7 laid to extending direction, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated;
The first longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-6 and second longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-7 is fold-line-shaped reinforcing bar Connection structure;The first longitudinal direction steel bar connecting structure 25-6 is spliced from back to front by more first longitudinal direction reinforcing bars, and every The first longitudinal direction reinforcing bar is all connected between the first steelframe bracket described in adjacent two Pin in front and back;The second longitudinal direction reinforcing bar connection Structure 25-7 is spliced from back to front by more second longitudinal direction reinforcing bars, and the every second longitudinal direction reinforcing bar is all connected to front and back phase Between second steelframe bracket described in two Pin of neighbour.
In the present embodiment, connected between grid steel frame 25-3 described in adjacent two Pin in front and back by the longitudinally connected reinforcing bar fastening of multiple tracks It connects, longitudinally connected reinforcing bar described in multiple tracks is laid along the outer contour of grid steel frame 25-3, and longitudinally connected reinforcing bar described in multiple tracks is in It lays in parallel and it is laid along tunnel longitudinal extension.
As shown in figure 13, temporary support structure, the temporary support structure are provided on the inside of shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin It is laid on the same cross section of Tunnel 1 with the shaped steel arch 25 for being laid in outside;The temporary support structure includes branch It supports the interim vertical supporting column 25-41 below the arch 25-41 right end of left side and is connected to the left side bottom arch 25-41 and interim Interim inverted arch bracket 24-2 between the bottom vertical supporting column 24-1, the interim vertical supporting column 24-1 and interim inverted arch bracket 24-2 is respectively positioned in the body of the top hole;
During carrying out left side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing in step F11, a molding left side is being excavated from the front to the back In the pilot tunnel 1-11 of side when the arch 25-41 of installation left side, also interim vertical supporting column need to be installed below the arch 25-41 right end of left side 24-1, and left side arch 25-41 is fastenedly connected with interim vertical supporting column 24-1 by interim inverted arch bracket 24-2 and is integrated; The bottom of the left side arch 25-41 and interim vertical supporting column 24-1, which are supported in, excavates the molding bottom left side pilot tunnel 1-11 Portion, the interim inverted arch bracket 24-2 are supported horizontally on the left side bottom pilot tunnel 1-11;
It carries out from the front to the back removing the temporary support structure in the body digging process of middle part hole in step F2.
During carrying out left side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing in step F11, pass through the temporary support structure energy Effectively ensure the stability of left side pilot tunnel 1-11 and top hole body.
To enhance supporting effect, the anchoring that supporting is carried out to Tunnel 1 is provided on the outside of shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin System, the anchoring system and shaped steel arch 25 on its inside are laid on same tunnel cross section;
The anchoring system includes the arch between left side arch 25-41 and right side arch 25-42 on the outside of junction Lock foot anchor tube 32 and two symmetrical locking foot anchor tubes 33 for being laid in bottom outside at left and right sides of the arch 25-4 of top, described in two The middle lock foot anchor tube 34, the bottom of two side bracket 25-9 are provided on the outside of the middle part of side bracket 25-9 Outside is provided with the lower lock foot anchor tube 35, and two middle lock foot anchor tubes 34 are symmetrically arranged, two lower locks Foot anchor tube 35 is symmetrically arranged;The arch lock foot anchor tube 32, locking foot anchor tube 33, middle lock foot anchor tube 34 and lower lock foot anchor tube 35 It is the lock foot anchor tube entered in the 1 side rock stratum of Tunnel from the inside to the outside;
During carrying out right side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing in step F11, also need along tunnel longitudinal extension It constructs in the molding left side pilot tunnel 1-11 of excavation to arch lock foot anchor tube 32 from the front to the back;
During carrying out right side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing in step F12, also need along tunnel longitudinal extension It constructs respectively in the molding top hole body of excavation to two locking foot anchor tubes 33 from the front to the back;
Carried out in step F2 in the hole body digging process of middle part, also need along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back excavate at It constructs respectively in the middle part hole body 1-2 of type to two middle lock foot anchor tubes 34;
In step F3 carry out lower part hole body digging process in, also need along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back excavate at It constructs respectively in the lower part hole body 1-3 of type to two lower lock foot anchor tubes 35.
In the present embodiment, the area of section of the Tunnel 1 is greater than 100m2.Top hole body, middle part hole body 1-2 and The height of lower part hole body 1-3 is all larger than 3m.The Tunnel 1 is located at that high angle is inverse to rush in rich water richness sand tomography.
Stability is anchored to improve, foot anchor tube 32, each locking foot anchor tube 33, each middle lock are locked in the arch It is in the parallel lock foot anchor tube laid that foot anchor tube 34, which includes two with each lower lock foot anchor tube 35,.
When actual installation, the arch lock foot anchor tube 32, locking foot anchor tube 33, middle lock foot anchor tube 34 and lower lock foot anchor tube 35 Inner end pass through anchor tube connecting plate and be fixed on the assembly type support bracket, the anchor tube connecting plate is fixed on the assembly type On support bracket, thus connect easy, reliable;The arch lock foot anchor tube 32, locking foot anchor tube 33, middle lock foot anchor tube 34 and lower lock The length of foot anchor tube 35 is not less than 5m.
In the present embodiment, the length of the lock foot anchor tube is 5m, outer diameter is φ 50mm and its wall thickness is 6mm.Meanwhile in institute It states in lock foot anchor tube and injects mortar, the stability of Tunnel can be effectively ensured.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, length, outer diameter and the wall thickness of the lock foot anchor tube are accordingly adjusted respectively It is whole.
In the present embodiment, arch lock foot anchor tube 32 is gradually tilted to the right from the inside to the outside, the locking foot anchor tube 33, in Lock foot anchor tube 34 and lower lock foot anchor tube 35 tilt gradually downward from the inside to the outside.
Before carrying out top hole body excavation and preliminary bracing in the present embodiment, in step F1, need first to current constructed tunnel Road segment carries out advance support, and obtains the tunnel segment advance support structure of current constructed segment;The side of the Tunnel 1 Wall is divided into upper wall body and the lower wall body immediately below the upper wall body;
As shown in Fig. 8, Figure 11 and Figure 12, the tunnel segment advance support structure includes to the same tunnel segment Carry out the lead pipe-shed support structure and per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of supporting, the longitudinal direction of the lead pipe-shed support structure Length is greater than the length of the tunnel segment;
In conjunction with Fig. 9, the lead pipe-shed support structure includes more and is crept into from the front to the back to 1 front of tunnel heading rock of Tunnel Pipe canopy pipe 28 and a pipe canopy leading truck that the more pipe canopy pipes 28 are oriented in layer, more 28 edges of pipe canopy pipe The arch contour line of Tunnel 1 is laid from left to right;Be provided on the pipe canopy leading truck it is multiple for pipe canopy pipe 28 install The rear end of pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29, the more pipe canopy pipes 28 is mounted on the pipe canopy leading truck;
In conjunction with Figure 10, the per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes multiple arch walls to the same tunnel segment The arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of advance support is carried out, multiple arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction are in It is uniformly distributed and it lays from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe in front and back The lap of splice of supporting construction is not more than 3m;Between between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back Away from L=n × d, the value range that wherein n is positive integer and n is 3~6;The abutment wall of the Tunnel 1 is divided into upper wall body and position Lower wall body immediately below the upper wall body;
Each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes a ductule leading truck, one to the tunnel The arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of the arch progress advance support of road segment and left and right two are respectively to the tunnel The lower wall body of abutment wall carries out the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of advance support, two sides at left and right sides of segment Wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is symmetrically arranged, two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction and the arch Portion's per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is laid on the same tunnel cross section and the longitudinal length of three is all the same;Each The arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into 1 front of tunnel heading rock stratum of Tunnel from the front to the back Arch slip casting ductule 22, the more arch slip casting ductules 22 carry out from left to right along the arch contour line of Tunnel 1 It lays;Each abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into from the front to the back to 1 face of Tunnel Abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 in the rock stratum of front, the lower wall body of the more abutment wall slip casting ductules 23 along Tunnel 1 Contour line is from top to bottom laid;All abutment wall slip casting ductules in each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction 23 and all arch slip casting ductules 22 structure snd size it is all the same and its same tunnel for being laid in Tunnel 1 is cross-section On face;
The ductule leading truck is to infuse to all abutment walls in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction The leading truck that slurry ductule 23 and all arch slip casting ductules 22 are oriented to respectively, the ductule leading truck are initial stage branch Protect arch 25;The arch of the ductule leading truck is provided with multiple arch installed for arch slip casting ductule 22 from left to right and pacifies Hole is filled, the left and right sides lower part of the ductule leading truck is provided with multiple sides installed for abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 and installs Hole, the rear end of abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 and arch slip casting ductule 22 is equal in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction It is installed on the same ductule leading truck.
Before carrying out top hole body excavation and preliminary bracing in the present embodiment, in step F1, first to current institute's construction tunnel Segment carries out lead pipe-shed support, obtains the lead pipe-shed support structure of the tunnel segment;
Top hole body and middle part hole body 1-2 form middle and upper part hole body, the height of top hole body and lower part hole body 3 It is all larger than 4m, the height of the middle part hole body 1-2 is not more than 10m;
It is being excavated below molding top hole body to current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back in step F2 When middle part hole body 1-2 is excavated, multiple excavation segments is divided to open the middle part hole body 1-2 of the tunnel segment from the front to the back It digs;
Before excavating any one described excavation segment, advanced tubule note first is carried out to the arch wall of the excavation segment Slurry is reinforced, and obtains the per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction;
It is each it is described excavate segment length with the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back Between spacing L it is identical.
In the present embodiment, the height of the middle part hole body 1-2 is not less than 8m, thus the height of middle part hole body 1-2 is larger.Cause And it is divided to upper and lower two steps to excavate middle part hole body 1-2.Also, middle part hole body 1-2 carries out advanced immediately after the completion of excavating Grouting with small pipe is reinforced, and the supporting construction of tunnel arch wall is very firm at this time, thus to described in the body 1-2 digging process of middle part hole Temporary support structure remove and will not be impacted to tunnel structure.
Each lead pipe-shed support structure is that the supporting construction of advance support is carried out to a tunnel segment. In the present embodiment, shaped steel arch 25 described in more Pin in uniformly distributed, the spacing between shaped steel arch 25 described in adjacent two Pin be d and The value range of d is 0.8m~1.2m, the spacing L between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back =n × d, wherein n is positive integer and n=3~6.
In the present embodiment, n=5.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, the value size of n is adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, the lap of splice between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back is not Greater than 3m and the lap of splice between the two is not less than 0.5m.
In the present embodiment, d=1m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, the value size of d is adjusted accordingly.
In the present embodiment, the pipe canopy leading truck is shaped steel arch 25.Also, the pipe canopy leading truck is described to be supported in The shaped steel arch 25 of one of tunnel segment rear end.
In the present embodiment, each tunnel segment rear end is also set up there are two respectively to a left side for tunnel segment rear end Right two sides lower wall body carries out the rear end per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of supporting, two rear end per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe Supporting construction is symmetrically arranged,
In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the pipe canopy pipe 28 is φ 108mm and its wall thickness is 6mm.
Also, the circumferential spacing on the pipe canopy leading truck between the two neighboring pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 be 18cm~ 22cm;The outer limb of the pipe canopy pipe 28 is not less than 11 °.
In the present embodiment, the circumferential spacing on the pipe canopy leading truck between the two neighboring pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 is 20cm;The outer limb of the pipe canopy pipe 28 is 8 °.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to the pipe canopy pipe mounting hole two neighboring on the pipe canopy leading truck The outer limb of circumferential spacing and pipe canopy pipe 28 between 29 adjusts accordingly.
The pipe canopy pipe 28 is steel floral tube, multiple round injected holes are provided on the steel floral tube and its aperture be φ 10mm~ φ 16mm, multiple round injected holes in uniformly distributed and it is in quincunx laying, the two neighboring round injected hole it Between spacing be 12cm~18cm.In the present embodiment, the spacing between the two neighboring round injected hole is 15cm.Actually apply Working hour according to specific needs adjusts accordingly the spacing between the two neighboring round injected hole.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal length of each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is 3m.Actually apply Working hour according to specific needs accordingly adjusts the longitudinal length of each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction It is whole.
In each arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction between adjacent two arch slip casting ductules 22 Circumferential spacing be 28cm~32cm, adjacent two abutment wall notes in each abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction Starching the circumferential spacing between ductule 23 is 18cm~22cm.In the present embodiment, each arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe branch Circumferential spacing in protection structure between adjacent two arch slip casting ductules 22 is 30cm, and each abutment wall is small in advance to lead Circumferential spacing in pipe grouting support structure between adjacent two abutment wall slip casting ductules 23 is 20cm.When practice of construction, According to specific needs, between the adjacent two arch slip casting ductules 22 circumferential spacing and adjacent two sides Circumferential spacing between wall slip casting ductule 23 adjusts accordingly.
When practice of construction, the arch slip casting ductule 22 and the abutment wall slip casting ductule 23, which are that pre-grouting is small, is led Pipe, the outer limb of the grouting small pilot pipe are 5 °~10 °;The length of the grouting small pilot pipe be 4.5m~5.5m, Outer diameter is φ 45mm~φ 55mm and its wall thickness is 5mm~7mm;
The grouting small pilot pipe includes tube body and the drill bit for being coaxially mounted to the tube body front end, and the drill bit is circle Taper bit, the tube body is seamless steel pipe and its outboard sidewalls is smooth side wall, and multiple injected holes are provided on the tube body, Multiple injected holes are communicated with the tubular body;The aperture of multiple injected holes is all the same and its aperture is φ 8mm ~φ 12mm, multiple injected holes in uniformly distributed and it is in quincunx laying, between the two neighboring injected hole between Away from for 12cm~18cm.
In the present embodiment, the length of the grouting small pilot pipe is 5m, outer diameter is φ 50mm and its wall thickness is 6mm;Institute The aperture for stating injected hole is φ 10mm, and the spacing between the two neighboring injected hole is 10cm.It, can be according to tool when practice of construction Body needs, and the aperture of size and the injected hole to the grouting small pilot pipe and laying spacing are accordingly adjusted respectively It is whole.
Wherein, circumferential spacing refers to the camber line distance of the point-to-point transmission on rounded or elliptic cross-section.According to this field Common knowledge, the circumferential spacing on the pipe canopy leading truck between the two neighboring pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 are that the pipe canopy is led Arc distance on frame between the two neighboring pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29, adjacent two arch slip casting ductules 22 it Between circumferential spacing refer to the camber line on the ductule leading truck between adjacent two arch slip casting ductules 22 away from From the circumferential spacing between adjacent two abutment wall slip casting ductules 23 refers on the ductule leading truck adjacent two Camber line distance between the abutment wall slip casting ductule 23.
In the present embodiment, each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction further includes one small in advance to the arch wall What all abutment wall slip casting ductules 23 and all arch slip casting ductules 22 in conduit grouting support structure were supported respectively Ductule support frame;
The ductule support frame is shaped steel arch 25, and each ductule support frame is described small to lead positioned at one Pipe leading truck front and the shaped steel arch 25 adjacent with the ductule leading truck;
All abutment wall slip casting ductules 23 and all arch slip castings are small in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction The rear portion of conduit 22 is supported on the ductule support frame.
It in actual use, can be to abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 by the ductule leading truck and the ductule support frame It is effectively oriented to, and can be provided surely for abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 and arch slip casting ductule 22 with arch slip casting ductule 22 Clamped support, while construction efficiency can be increased substantially, it is ensured that construction quality.
In conjunction with Figure 11, Figure 12, the Tunnel 1 divides for hole body on tunnel and the tunnel immediately below hole body on the tunnel Hole body under road, the cross section of hole body is semicircle on the tunnel;The upper wall body of the abutment wall is located at hole body on the tunnel Interior and its underpart wall is located under the tunnel in the body of hole;Two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction are respectively positioned on institute State the external side in hole under tunnel.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, Figure 12, the region of the arch mounting hole is opened up on the ductule leading truck For arch aperture area, the shape of the arch aperture area is arc and its central angle is 120 °.
Thus, the range that applies of each arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is 120 ° of Tunnel arch range It is interior, effective support can be carried out to Tunnel 1.
In the present embodiment, the arch slip casting ductule 22 and the abutment wall slip casting ductule 23, which are that pre-grouting is small, is led Pipe, the ductule leading truck are provided with multiple ductule mounting holes 26 for grouting small pilot pipe installation.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 9, Figure 11, the region that pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 is opened up on the pipe canopy leading truck is Top aperture area, the shape of the top aperture area is arc and its central angle is 180 °.
As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 11, for the supporting stability for ensuring each tunnel segment rear end, each tunnel section Section advance support structure further includes that left and right two surpasses the lower wall body to abutment wall at left and right sides of the rear end of the tunnel segment The abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of preceding supporting, two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction are in pair Claim to lay and the two is laid on the same tunnel cross section.Correspondingly, at left and right sides of the lower part of the pipe canopy leading truck respectively It is provided with multiple side mounting holes installed for abutment wall slip casting ductule 23 in the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction.This When, the structure snd size of the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction with the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting knot The structure snd size of the supporting construction of abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe described in structure are identical.
In the present embodiment, shaped steel arch 25 described in every Pin is carried out the arch wall branch of supporting by an arch wall to Tunnel 1 Support arch and a tunnel inverted arch bracket for carrying out supporting to 1 bottom of Tunnel are spliced, and the tunnel inverted arch bracket is located at The underface of the arch wall scaffold and the two is located on same tunnel cross section, the tunnel inverted arch bracket and the arch wall Scaffold forms a closed tunneling boring bracket;The left end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket is fixed on the arch wall scaffold Left bottom inner sidewall on, the right end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket is fixed on the inside of the bottom right side of the arch wall scaffold On wall, fixation position of the left and right ends of the tunnel inverted arch bracket on the arch wall scaffold is that inverted arch bracket is fixed Position.The abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction is located above the fixed position of the inverted arch bracket.
Since the side wall bottom of the Tunnel 1 is provided with lock foot anchor tube, while 1 side wall bottom of the Tunnel is described The fixed position of the inverted arch bracket of arch wall scaffold, support strength at this time can be effectively ensured, thus the abutment wall is advanced Grouting with small pipe supporting construction is located above the fixed position of the inverted arch bracket, can save construction cost, also ensure that Supporting effect.
In the present embodiment, the shaped steel arch 25 is the arch support being formed by bending by an I-steel, the abutment wall note The rear portion of slurry ductule 23 and arch slip casting ductule 22 is supported on the upper flange of the ductule support frame;The arch Mounting hole and the side mounting hole are respectively positioned on the web of the ductule leading truck.
In the present embodiment, the arch mounting hole and the side mounting hole are ductule mounting hole 26.
Also, the pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 is on the web of the pipe canopy leading truck, while the pipe canopy leading truck Ductule mounting hole 26 is also provided on web.
For easy construction, one is mounted on to super on each ductule mounting hole 26 on the ductule leading truck The orifice tube that preceding slip casting ductule is oriented to, every grouting small pilot pipe, which is coaxially installed on, is oriented to it In the orifice tube.In the present embodiment, the length of the orifice tube is not less than 0.5m.
Also, be mounted on each pipe canopy pipe mounting hole 29 on the pipe canopy leading truck one to pipe canopy pipe 28 into The orifice tube of row guiding, and one is mounted on to advanced on each ductule mounting hole 26 on the pipe canopy leading truck The orifice tube that slip casting ductule is oriented to.
The longitudinal length of the lead pipe-shed support structure is 25m~26m.In the present embodiment, the lead pipe-shed support The longitudinal length of structure is 25m, and the longitudinal length of the lead pipe-shed support structure is denoted as L2, L2=25m.When practice of construction, According to specific needs, the value size of L1 and L2 is adjusted accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 8, before carrying out lead pipe-shed support any one described tunnel segment, first at this Wall for grouting is set on rear side of tunnel segment.Wherein, before constructing to a tunnel segment for being located at last side, first at this The rear side of tunnel segment constructs a concrete block wall 30 as wall for grouting;After the completion of a tunnel segment is excavated, Next tunnel segment rear end is located at the rock stratum segment on the inside of the lead pipe-shed support structure of the upper one tunnel segment 31 be reserved wall for grouting.Meanwhile waterproof layer 39 is laid between the double-deck preliminary bracing structure and Tunnel Second Lining 36.
When practice of construction, according to formulaThe double-deck initial stage is calculated Vertical spacing h of the neutral axis of supporting construction to contact surface between the first branch structure 38 of outer layer and the first branch structure 37 of internal layer0, b in formula It represents unit length and b=1m, y are integration variable and y is indicated in the middle part of the double-deck preliminary bracing structure in the position of vertical direction It moves, h1For the thickness of branch structure 38 at the beginning of outer layer and its unit is m, h2For the thickness of branch structure 37 at the beginning of internal layer and its unit is m, E1 For the elasticity modulus of branch structure 38 at the beginning of outer layer and its unit is Pa, E2For the elasticity modulus of branch structure 37 at the beginning of internal layer and its unit is Pa, ρ are the thickness of the double-deck preliminary bracing structure.According to the maximum allowable deflection of branch structure 38 at the beginning of the outer layer being pre-designed ε1, and combine identified h0, obtain the maximum allowable deflection ε of the first branch structure 37 of internal layer2≥(h01)。
In the present embodiment, the rear side tunnel construction sections 3 and middle part tunnel construction sections 5 of the tunnel main tunnel 21 form main body tunnel construction sections, institute It states and is provided with high-order escape platform in main body tunnel construction sections, the high position escape platform is along the longitudinal length side of the main body tunnel construction sections Length to laying and the two is identical;One is laid in each service gallery 42 to connect with the high-order escape platform The service gallery emergency escape system;
The high position escape platform includes that the three hole side high position being laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 from back to front escapes are logical Road segment, three high-order escape route segments are laid along the longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel 21 and it is laid in tunnel A side of road main tunnel 21 side within the walls;Each hole side high position escape route segment is both secured to the side of tunnel main tunnel 21 On abutment wall, the abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is the fixed abutment wall of escape route;Front and back is two neighboring It is connected by hole side high position escape route segment between hole side high position escape route segment, the hole side High-order escape route segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in tunnel main tunnel 21;The hole side is high-order Escape route segment is the longitudinally connected frame laid along 21 longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel;
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at drain cavern friendship Rear side high position escape route segment in tunnel construction sections on rear side of prong intersects after being laid in base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections Mouthful and the drain cavern intersection between tunnel construction sections in middle part high position escape route segment and be laid in the main body tunnel Front side high position escape route segment in section in the tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel;
Hole side high position escape route segment include multiple longitudinal extensions along tunnel main tunnel 21 from the front to the back The high-order escape route bracket 43 of laying and one are supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets 43 and for escape personnel Abutment wall people from side row platform 44 of walking, multiple high-order escape route brackets 43 are both secured to the fixed abutment wall of the escape route The tunnel longitudinal bracing system that upper and its composition is supported for abutment wall side people's row platform 44, each high-order escape route bracket 43 It is laid at its present position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel 21;Abutment wall people from side row platform 44 with to tunnel main tunnel The clear distance between inverted arch filled layer 35 that inverted arch is filled in 21 is not less than 2m;Each high-order escape route bracket 43 The equal Zhi Li in inside has an oblique ladder 53, and oblique 53 bottom of ladder is supported on inverted arch filled layer 35 and upper part is supported in height On position escape route bracket 43;Near an institute at the service gallery hole in hole side high position escape route segment Stating high-order escape route bracket 43 is hole side stand, and it is hole side that branch, which stands on the oblique ladder 53 on the inside of the hole side stand, Ladder;
In conjunction with Figure 23 and Figure 24, each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in auxiliary hole respectively The tunnel escape device of 42 left and right sides of road side within the walls;
Each tunnel escape device includes the ladder group and twice being made of multiple emergency ladders 54 The safety rope 55 laid and be fixed in the ladder group along longitudinal side of extensioning of service gallery 42, safety rope 55 described in per pass is It is fixedly connected with multiple emergency ladders 54;Multiple emergency ladders 54 along service gallery 42 longitudinal extension from rear It lays forward, the emergency ladder 54 is the vertical ladder for being fixed on the tunnel support structure and being highly not less than 3m;Two Safety rope 55 described in road is respectively to be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency 54 top of ladder and be located at below the upper safety rope and solid It is scheduled on the lower safety rope of emergency 54 lower part of ladder;Near the service gallery hole in each tunnel escape device An emergency ladder 54 be service gallery hole ladder, each service gallery hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism It is connect with its nearest hole side ladder, the bindiny mechanism is connecting rope 58 or connection frame.
Also, the tunnel construction sections being located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 are excavated in step 1 In the process, it constructs in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding to the rear side high position escape route segment from the front to the back;
After the completion of tunnel construction sections excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections 3, applied The molding rear side high position escape route segment of work;
To the tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 between intersection behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in step 2 Road section carries out in digging process, from the front to the back to the middle part high position escape route segment in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding It constructs, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection;
Tunnel construction sections after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 between intersection excavate After the completion of construction, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained;
The scupper body of drain cavern 2 is carried out in digging process, from the front to the back to described in the drain cavern of construction molding 2 Service gallery emergency escape system is constructed, and each of the constructed service gallery emergency escape system auxiliary is cheated Road hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
When being excavated in step 3 to the tunnel construction sections in rear side tunnel construction sections 3 on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel 21 of construction molding to the front side high position escape route segment before backward, while will be described A longitudinally connected frame is laid after base tunnel on the outside of intersection;
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern 2, from the front to the back to described auxiliary in drain cavern 2 Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct;
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1, from the front to the back in the circuitous of construction molding It returns in base tunnel 1 and constructs to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be in construct service gallery emergency escape system Each of service gallery hole ladder pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern 2 is carried out in digging process in step 4, from the front to the back to the institute in drain cavern 2 Service gallery emergency escape system is stated to continue to construct;After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, obtain in drain cavern 2 The service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding;
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel 1, from the front to the back to described in detour base tunnel 1 Service gallery emergency escape system continues to construct;After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, obtains and applied in detour base tunnel 1 The molding service gallery emergency escape system of work;
It is high-order to the front side in middle part tunnel construction sections 5 from the front to the back during carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections 5 It constructs escape route segment.
Three hole side high position escape route segments and two longitudinally connected framves form tunnel emergency escape system System.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinally connected frame is openable connection frame, and the openable connection frame includes two The turnover bracket 46 that can be overturn from inside to outside, the outer end of each turnover bracket 46 in hinged way with an institute State the connection of hole side stand;Two turnover brackets 46, which are assemblied to form, to be connected to the two neighboring hole side high position in front and back and escapes Escape bracket between raw channel segment.
In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, the openable connection frame is in opening state as shown in figure 19 State, the openable connection frame will not influence the normal pass between service gallery 42 and tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time;Once hair Raw Sand, the openable connection frame is in open state as shown in figure 18, multiple in tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time The high position escape route segment, which connects, to be formed one and is laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and can pass to the continuity channel outside hole, tunnel Escape personnel in road main tunnel 21 need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from safely in a short time on continuity channel Outside hole.
The longitudinally connected frame can also use and be detachably connected frame.In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, by institute It states longitudinally connected frame to separate between two hole side high position escape route segments, the longitudinally connected frame described at this time will not shadow Ring the normal pass between service gallery 42 and tunnel main tunnel 21;Once Sand occurs, the longitudinally connected frame is connected Between two hole side high position escape route segments, multiple high-order escape route sections in tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time Section connection forms one and is laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and can pass to the continuity channel outside hole, the escape people in tunnel main tunnel 21 Member need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from outside hole safely in a short time on continuity channel.
When practice of construction, multiple high-order escape route brackets 43 are both secured on the first Tunnel Second Lining 15-1.
In the present embodiment, the clear distance between abutment wall people from side row platform 44 and main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 45 is 2.2m.
When practice of construction, according to specific needs, between abutment wall side people's row platform 44 and main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 45 Clear distance adjusts accordingly.
Multiple high-order escape route brackets in the present embodiment, in each hole side high position escape route segment 43 in uniformly distributed, and the spacing between the two neighboring high-order escape route bracket 43 is 8m~12m.
In the present embodiment, abutment wall people from side row platform 44 is the plate being supported on the horizontally-supported platform.
In the present embodiment, the high position escape route bracket 43 and turnover bracket 46 are shape steel bracket, not only processing letter And stabilized structure just,.
As shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the turnover bracket 46 includes hole people from side row platform 46-1 and is fixedly supported to hole The support frame 46-2 of people from side bottom row platform 46-1, two hole people from side rows in hole side high position escape route segment Platform 46-1 is spliced into the spliced people's row platform being connected between two neighboring abutment wall people from side row platform 44 in front and back, described Clear distance phase between the length of spliced people's row platform and two abutment wall people from side row platforms 44 for being connected to its front and rear sides Together, the outer end of hole people from side row platform 46-1 is connect with a hole side stand in hinged way.In the present embodiment, It is attached between spliced people's row platform abutment wall people from side row platform 44 adjacent thereto by articulated shaft 16.The present embodiment In, support frame as described above 46-2 is supported on the service gallery inverted arch filled layer 17 being filled to inverted arch in service gallery 42.
Also, abutment wall people from side row platform 44 and hole people from side row platform 46-1 are rectangular platform.
For the continuity for ensuring tunnel emergency escape system, shape is closed when the hole side high position escape route segment is in When state, all abutment wall people from side row platforms 44 and all hole people from side row platforms are assemblied to form longitudinal people in tunnel main tunnel 21 Row platform, is detailed in Figure 18.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of support frame 46-2 is one in the turnover bracket 46, and support frame 46-2 is supported in The inner end bottom of hole people from side row platform 46-1.
Also, hole people from side row platform 46-1 includes supporting frame and the hole side that is supported on the supporting frame People's row plate, the outer end of the supporting frame are connect with a hole side stand in hinged way, support frame as described above 46-2 It is supported in the inner end bottom of the supporting frame.In this way, can effectively mitigate the weight of turnover bracket 46, convenient for overturning, and turn over Turn the stable structure of bracket 46, support is steady.
As shown in figure 19, in the present embodiment, two turnover brackets 46 in the openable connection frame are respectively The left side brackets and right side bracket being laid at left and right sides of the service gallery hole, the openable connection frame further includes two Root pulls overturn from the inside to the outside overturning drawstring 48, one of turnover bracket 46 to be laid on the left of the service gallery hole Lower leading block 49 and two upper left leading blocks 50 being symmetrically laid at left and right sides of the service gallery hole and upper right are led To pulley 51, the upper left leading block 50 is laid in the upper left side of the left side brackets, and the upper right leading block 51 is laid In the upper right side of the right side bracket, the lower leading block 49 is laid in the upper left side of the left side brackets and it is laid in a left side The underface of upper leading block 50;
Right side bracket inner end is fixed in one end of a piece overturning drawstring 48 and its other end is oriented to through upper right and slides It is connect after wheel 51 and upper left leading block 50 with hoist engine 52, the left side is fixed in one end of another overturning drawstring 48 Bracket inner end and its other end is connect after lower leading block 49 with hoist engine 52, the hoist engine 52 are laid in the auxiliary hole On hole side high position escape route segment on the left of road hole.
In the present embodiment, the hoist engine 52 is electrical hoist, positive and negative by controlling the motor hoist engine progress Turn to realize and open and close control is carried out to the openable connection frame, control is easy, and it is convenient to realize.
When the loss of power accident occurs for tunnel main tunnel 21, folding and unfolding can also be carried out taking human as to two overturning drawstrings 48, it is real Now the openable connection frame is opened and closed.
As shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, the high-order escape route bracket 43 includes the A-frame 43-1 being arranged vertically With the vertical lever 43-2 for being fixed on A-frame 43-1 inside upper part, the A-frame 43-1 include horizontal support bar and It is laid in the oblique strut of the oblique strut in inside and outside of lower section inside and outside the horizontal support bar, the oblique strut in inside Upper end be supported in below the inner end of the horizontal support bar, the upper end of the oblique strut in outside is supported in described horizontally-supported Below the outer end of bar, the lower end of the oblique strut in the inside and the oblique strut in outside, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated;The outside is oblique Multiple anchor bar 43-3 being anchored on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route are from top to bottom fixed on the lateral wall of strut, it is more A anchor bar 43-3 and A-frame 43-1 and vertical lever 43-2 are laid on same vertical plane;
Multiple horizontal support bars in each hole side high position escape route segment are laid in same plane Upper and its composition longitudinal bracing platform, abutment wall people from side row platform 44 are supported on the horizontally-supported platform.
When high-order escape route bracket 43 is fixed, only need that molding high-order escape route bracket 43 will be pre-machined It is fixed on the fixed abutment wall of the escape route by multiple anchor bar 43-3, it is fixed.The triangle branch Frame 43-1 is shape steel bracket, and stable structure, support is reliably.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of anchor bar 43-3 is two in each high-order escape route bracket 43.It is practical In use, according to specific needs, quantity to anchor bar 43-3 in each high-order escape route bracket 43 and each The installation position of anchor bar 43-3 adjusts accordingly respectively.
To further increase protection effect, hole side high position escape route segment further includes multiple from top to bottom laying It is laid in the longitudinal extension of the longitudinal rail 47 on same vertical plane, the 47 tunnel main tunnel 21 of longitudinal rail, Duo Gesuo Longitudinal rail 47 is stated to lay in parallel;
Multiple vertical lever 43-2 compositions in each hole side high position escape route segment vertically go along with sb. to guard him bone Frame;Multiple longitudinal rails 47 be each attached to it is described vertically go along with sb. to guard him on skeleton, each longitudinal rail 47 with it is described perpendicular It is fixedly connected to the multiple vertical lever 43-2 gone along with sb. to guard him in skeleton.
It include three longitudinal rails 47 in hole side high position escape route segment in the present embodiment.Actually make Used time, according to specific needs, quantity to included longitudinal rail 47 in hole side high position escape route segment and The installation position of each longitudinal rail 47 adjusts accordingly respectively.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal rail 47 be reinforcing bar and its be weldingly fixed on vertical lever 43-2.
In the present embodiment, oblique 53 upper support of ladder is on the inside of the horizontal support bar.
Also, the oblique ladder 53 is the ladder as made of reinforcement welding.
To further ensure that stability, the oblique ladder 53 is weldingly fixed on the horizontal support bar, and oblique The bottom anchor of ladder 53 is in main tunnel inverted arch filled layer 45.
In the present embodiment, each service gallery hole ladder and hole side ladder connected to it are respectively positioned on institute Locate the same side of service gallery 42.Thus, the bindiny mechanism will not influence the normal pass at the service gallery hole.
In the present embodiment, each service gallery hole ladder passes through described in connecting rope 58 and one nearest with it Hole side ladder connection is provided with one at left and right sides of each service gallery hole and is oriented to connecting rope 58 Directive wheel 59.
In actual use, the bindiny mechanism may be the connection frame.
In the present embodiment, two tunnel escape devices is answered in each service gallery emergency escape system Anxious ladder 54 is in be laid staggeredly.
Also, the emergency ladder 54 from top to bottom gradually slopes inwardly.
When practice of construction, multiple emergency ladders 54 in the ladder group are in uniformly distributed, the two neighboring institute in front and back Stating the spacing between emergency ladder 54 is 8m~12m.The emergency identification lamp 16 is pushed up with the emergency ladder 54 being located at immediately below it The vertical spacing in portion is 0.4m~0.6m.
In the present embodiment, the spacing in the ladder group between the two neighboring emergency ladder 54 in front and back is 10m.
During practice of construction, according to specific needs to the two neighboring emergency ladder 54 in front and back in the ladder group Between spacing adjust accordingly.
When actual processing, the emergency ladder 54 is the ladder as made of reinforcement welding.In the present embodiment, the emergency is climbed Ladder 54 is to be formed by the reinforcement welding of φ 25mm.
In the present embodiment, the safety rope 55 is the rope made of hemp and its binding and fixing is in emergency ladder 54.
Also, the safety rope 55 is the φ 25mm rope made of hemp, and it is firm that the rope made of hemp is bound with reinforcing bar ladder.
In the present embodiment, the emergency ladder 54 is fixed on the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2 or third Tunnel Second Lining On 15-3.
As shown in figure 24, each emergency ladder 54 includes that left and right two symmetrically lays and is supported in service gallery and face upward Encircle the main supporting element and multiple cross bars being from top to bottom connected between two main supporting elements on filled layer 17;It is each described Main supporting element passes through the bar planting 40 that multiple tracks is from top to bottom laid on same vertical plane and is fixed on the second Tunnel Second Lining 15- On 2;The bar planting 40 is the reinforcing bar that inner end is implanted into the second Tunnel Second Lining 15-2,40 outer end of bar planting and the main branch Support member, which is fastenedly connected, to be integrated.
Fixed to ensure, the main supporting element bottom anchor is in service gallery inverted arch filled layer 17.
The vertical spacing of the upper safety rope and emergency 54 bottom of ladder is 1.4m~1.6m, the lower safety rope and emergency The vertical spacing of 54 bottom of ladder is 0.9m~1.1m.
In the present embodiment, the vertical spacing of the upper safety rope and emergency 54 bottom of ladder is 1.5m, the lower safety rope Vertical spacing with emergency 54 bottom of ladder is 1m.When practice of construction, according to specific needs, to the upper safety rope and described Binding height of the lower safety rope on emergency ladder 54 adjusts accordingly.The safety rope 55 is also referred to as escaping rope.
For demand of further escaping, life jacket and lifesaving are hung on the emergency ladder 54 and oblique ladder 53 Circle, with spare in an emergency situation.
In actual use, when safety accident not occurring, the openable connection frame is in opening state as shown in figure 19 State, the openable connection frame will not influence the normal pass between service gallery 42 and tunnel main tunnel 21 at this time;Once hair Raw Sand, the openable connection frame are in open state as shown in Figure 1, at this time multiple institutes in tunnel main tunnel 21 It states high-order escape route segment and connects to form one and be laid in tunnel main tunnel 21 and pass to the continuity channel outside hole, tunnel is just Escape personnel in hole 21 need to be only climbed by oblique ladder 34 to can escape from outside hole safely in a short time on continuity channel; And the escape personnel in service gallery 42 can be by the bindiny mechanism from the service gallery hole in service gallery 42 Ladder moves to the hole side ladder in tunnel main tunnel 21, then is quickly moved to outside hole by the high-order escape platform.
Since multiple high-order escape route segments are laid in the side abutment wall of tunnel main tunnel 21, (the i.e. described escape is logical Abutment wall is fixed in road) inside, thus multiple high-order escape route segments lean on the escape route fixed edge wall paper to set, it will not Influence the normal pass in tunnel main tunnel 21.Meanwhile two tunnels in each service gallery emergency escape system Escape device also leans on the two sides wall paper of service gallery 42 to set, thus the service gallery emergency escape system will not shadow Ring the normal pass in service gallery 42.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention Technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments, change and equivalent structural changes, still fall within skill of the present invention In the protection scope of art scheme.

Claims (10)

1. one kind is passed through, high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: the tunnel of institute's construction tunnel Main tunnel (21) is divided into rear side tunnel construction sections (3), the front side tunnel construction sections (4) being located on front side of rear side tunnel construction sections (3) and is connected to rear side tunnel Between road section (3) and front side tunnel construction sections (4) and from the inverse middle part tunnel construction sections (5) for rushing rich water richness sand tomography (6) and passing through of high angle;Tunnel The same side of road main tunnel (21) is provided with detour base tunnel (1) and drain cavern (2), and the detour base tunnel (1) and drain cavern (2) are The inverse Tunnel for rushing rich water richness sand tomography (6) of high angle is passed through from the front to the back;The detour base tunnel (1) is in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) the detour base tunnel of formation is excavated between front side tunnel construction sections (4), the detour base tunnel (1) and tunnel main tunnel (21) are laid In in same level;The detour base tunnel (1) is divided into rear side base tunnel section, middle part base tunnel section and front side base tunnel section from the front to the back, The front side base tunnel section is located on front side of the rear side base tunnel section, the middle part base tunnel section be connected to the rear side base tunnel section with it is described Between the base tunnel section of front side, the middle part base tunnel section is laid with tunnel main tunnel (21) in parallel, and the rear side base tunnel section rear end is with after The intersection of side tunnel construction sections (3) intersection and the two is intersection after base tunnel, the front side base tunnel section front end and front side tunnel construction sections (4) The intersection of intersection and the two is the preceding intersection of base tunnel;The rear side base tunnel section is located on rear side of middle part tunnel construction sections (5);
The drain cavern (2) includes rear side hole body and is located on front side of the body of the rear side hole and lays with tunnel main tunnel (21) in parallel Front side hole body, front side hole body is located at the upper side of tunnel main tunnel (21) and it is located at tunnel main tunnel (21) and the middle part Between base tunnel section, rear side hole body is gradually acclivitous Tunnel body from the front to the back;The rear side hole body rear end is with after The intersection of side tunnel construction sections (3) intersection and the two is drain cavern intersection, and intersection and the drain cavern intersect after the base tunnel Mouth is respectively positioned on middle part tunnel construction sections (5) rear side, and the drain cavern intersection and rear side hole body intersect after being respectively positioned on the base tunnel On rear side of mouthful;
Front side hole body is divided into rear portion hole body and breaks on front side of the body of the rear portion hole and across the inverse rich water richness sand that rushes of high angle The front drain cavern body of layer (6), the draining of rear portion hole body composition drain cavern (2) in rear side hole body and front side hole body Hole body;
The middle part base tunnel section is divided into rear portion base tunnel section and on front side of the rear portion base tunnel section and passes through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water The rear portion base tunnel section composition detour of the front base tunnel section of rich sand tomography (6), the rear side base tunnel section and the middle part base tunnel section is led Cheat the rear side detour base tunnel section of (1);
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to institute's construction tunnel, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: rear side tunnel construction sections tentatively excavate and supporting construction: along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side tunnel After tunnel construction sections in section (3) on rear side of the drain cavern intersection carry out excavation construction, and split digging is molding from the front to the back Side tunnel construction sections (3) carry out supporting;
Step 2: rear side tunnel construction sections excavation synchronous with drain cavern scupper body and supporting construction: being excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections (3) When at the present position of the drain cavern intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to being located in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) Tunnel construction sections behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel between intersection carry out excavation construction, while handing over from the drain cavern Prong starts to carry out excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern (2) from the front to the back, and the split molding rear side of digging from the front to the back Tunnel construction sections (3) and drain cavern (2) carry out supporting respectively;
Step 3: rear side tunnel construction sections, drain cavern scupper body and rear side detour base tunnel segment sync are excavated and supporting construction: to rear side When tunnel construction sections (3) are excavated to after the base tunnel at the present position of intersection, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side It is located at the tunnel construction sections after the base tunnel on front side of intersection in tunnel construction sections (3) and carries out excavation construction, and split from the front to the back scrapes out type Rear side tunnel construction sections (3) carry out supporting;Meanwhile excavation construction is continued to the scupper body of drain cavern (2), and lead from described Intersection starts to carry out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1) from the front to the back behind hole, and right from the front to the back It excavates molding drain cavern (2) and detour base tunnel (1) carries out supporting respectively;
Step 4: front drain cavern body, front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction:
The front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section are all the same with the length of middle part tunnel construction sections (5) and three is in parallel cloth If the front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections (5) are divided into multiple tunnel segments from the front to the back, The length of multiple tunnel segments is all the same;
When constructing to the front drain cavern body, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the more of the front drain cavern body A tunnel segment carries out excavation and supporting construction respectively;The excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments are homogeneous Together;Each of the front drain cavern body offers drainage hole group outside a hole in the tunnel segment;
Drainage hole group includes a row or multi-row arch drainage hole (8) and multiple rows of abutment wall for laying from the front to the back outside each hole Drainage hole (9), multiple rows of arch drainage hole (8) are laid from the front to the back along the longitudinal extension of front side hole body;Every row The arch drainage hole (8) includes multiple arch drainings being laid on the outside of front drain cavern body body arch from left to right Hole (8), each arch drainage hole (8) are to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse brill rushed in rich water richness sand tomography (6) of high angle Hole, the gradually inclination upwards from the front to the back of each arch drainage hole (8);All arches in arch drainage hole (8) described in every row The aperture of portion's drainage hole (8) is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body;
Abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in every row includes that two groups of left and right is symmetrically laid in the front drain cavern body body left and right sides Abutment wall drainage hole (9) on the outside of wall, abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in one group is being located at tunnel just in abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in two groups Above hole (21), abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in another group is located above detour base tunnel (1);Abutment wall drainage hole (9) described in every group is equal Including multiple abutment wall drainage holes (9) from top to bottom laid, each abutment wall drainage hole (9) is in horizontal layout;Every row institute The aperture for stating all abutment wall drainage holes (9) in abutment wall drainage hole (9) is laid on the same cross section of front side hole body;Often A abutment wall drainage hole (9) is to be crept into from the front to the back to the inverse drilling rushed in rich water richness sand tomography (6) of high angle;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to tunnel segment described in any of described front drain cavern body, process is as follows:
Step A1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the arch drainage hole (8) of drainage hole group outside hole described in the tunnel segment and Abutment wall drainage hole (9) drills respectively, obtains drainage hole group outside the hole of construction molding;
Step A2, it drains: being drained by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1;
Step A3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and to excavation Molding drain cavern (2) carries out supporting;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front drain cavern body excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete drain cavern (2) and apply Work process;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to the front base tunnel section, along tunnel extending direction from the front to the back to the front base tunnel Multiple tunnel segments of section carry out excavation and supporting construction respectively;The excavation of multiple tunnel segments and supporting construction side Method is all the same;A base tunnel drainage hole group is offered in each of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment;
Each base tunnel drainage hole group includes the multiple rows of side drainage hole (19) laid from the front to the back, the row of side described in every row Water hole (19) includes multiple side drainage holes (19) from top to bottom laid, and each side drainage hole (19) is in level It lays;The aperture of all side drainage holes (19) is laid in the front base tunnel section in side drainage hole (19) described in every row On same cross section;Each side drainage hole (19) is to be crept into from the front to the back to high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography (6) drilling in;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to either one or two of the front base tunnel section tunnel segment, process is as follows:
Step B1, drainage hole is constructed: using drilling machine to the side drainage hole (19) of base tunnel drainage hole group described in the tunnel segment It drills respectively, obtains the base tunnel drainage hole group of construction molding;
Step B2, it drains: being drained by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1;
Step B3, excavation and supporting: along tunnel longitudinal extension, to the tunnel, segment is excavated from the front to the back, and to excavation Molding detour base tunnel (1) carries out supporting;In this step, the face of the front base tunnel section is located at the front drain cavern body Face on rear side of;
After multiple tunnel segments of the front base tunnel section excavate and supporting after the completion of, complete the front base tunnel section Work progress;
When carrying out excavation and supporting construction to middle part tunnel construction sections (5), from the front to the back to multiple tunnels of middle part tunnel construction sections (5) Segment carries out excavating respectively and supporting construction, the excavation and construction method for supporting of multiple tunnel segments are all the same;
The tunnel main tunnel (21) of the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) is from top to bottom divided into top hole body, middle part hole body (1-2) and lower part hole Body (1-3), the right side pilot tunnel (1- that top hole body is divided into left side pilot tunnel (1-11) and is located on the right side of left side pilot tunnel (1-11) 12);
The preliminary bracing structure of the middle part tunnel construction sections (5) is the double-deck preliminary bracing structure, the bilayer preliminary bracing structure packet Spray-up (25-2), more Pin at the beginning of including the concrete formed by one layer of injection in the concrete on tunnel main tunnel (21) inner wall to tunnel just Hole (21) carries out supporting and props up the shaped steel arch (25) stood on the inside of the first spray-up (25-2) of concrete, sprayed by one layer in concrete The concrete that concrete on first spray-up (25-2) is formed answers spray-up (25-1), more Pin and carries out supporting and branch to tunnel main tunnel (21) Concrete is stood on to answer the grid steel frame (25-3) on the inside of spray-up (25-1) and answered on spray-up (25-1) by one layer of injection in concrete The concrete that is formed of concrete in spray-up (25-8), the shaped steel arch (25) and grid steel frame (25-3) be to tunnel just Hole (21) carries out the supporting steelframe of tunneling boring supporting and the shape of the two is identical as the transverse shape of tunnel main tunnel (21);Institute Stating concrete, just spray-up (25-2), concrete answer the transverse shape of spray-up (25-8) in spray-up (25-1) and concrete and tunnel The transverse shape of road main tunnel (21) is identical;The structure of shaped steel arch described in more Pin (25) is all the same and it longitudinally extends along tunnel Direction is laid from the front to the back, and shaped steel arch described in more Pin (25) is fastenedly connected by longitudinal connection structure to be integrated;More Pin The structure of the grid steel frame (25-3) is all the same, the quantity and the quantity phase of shaped steel arch (25) of the grid steel frame (25-3) Together, it is laid with grid steel frame described in a Pin (25-3) on the inside of shaped steel arch (25) described in every Pin, shaped steel arch described in every Pin (25) it is laid on the same tunnel cross-section of tunnel main tunnel (21) with the grid steel frame (25-3) being laid on the inside of it;More Pin institutes It states shaped steel arch (25) and is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up (25-1), the concrete answer the thickness of spray-up (25-1) greater than type The thickness of steel arch-shelf (25);Grid steel frame described in more Pin (25-3) is embedded in spray-up in concrete (25-8), the coagulation The thickness of spray-up (25-8) is greater than the thickness of grid steel frame (25-3) in soil;Shaped steel arch described in more Pin (25) in uniformly distributed, Spacing between shaped steel arch (25) described in adjacent two Pin is d and the value range of d is 0.8m~1.2m;
The first spray-up (25-2) of concrete described in the bilayer preliminary bracing structure, shaped steel arch (25) and concrete described in more Pin The first branch structure (18) of multiple spray-up (25-1) composition outer layer, grid steel frame (25- described in spray-up (25-8) and more Pin in the concrete 3) composition is located at the just branch structure (37) of the internal layer on the inside of the first branch structure (38) of outer layer;
Shaped steel arch described in every Pin (25) carries out the arch wall scaffold and one of supporting by one to tunnel main tunnel (21) arch wall A tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) for carrying out supporting to tunnel main tunnel (21) bottom is spliced, the tunnel inverted arch bracket (25- 5) it is located at the underface of the arch wall scaffold and the two is located on same tunnel cross section, the tunnel inverted arch bracket (25- 5) a closed tunneling boring bracket is formed with the arch wall scaffold;The arch wall scaffold is described to being located at by one The intracorporal top arch (25-4) in top hole and two side branch being symmetrically laid in below at left and right sides of top arch (25-4) Frame (25-9) is spliced, and two side brackets (25-9) are respectively positioned in middle part hole body (1-2);The tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) is located in lower part hole body (1-3), the left end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) and a side bracket (25- 9) bottom is fastenedly connected, and the right end of the tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) and another described side bracket bottom (25-9) fasten Connection;The top arch (25-4) is by the left side arch (25-41) in left side pilot tunnel (1-11) and is located at right side pilot tunnel Right side arch (25-42) in (1-12) is spliced;
When carrying out excavation and supporting either one or two of middle part tunnel construction sections (5) the tunnel segment, comprising the following steps:
Step F1, top hole body excavates and preliminary bracing, process are as follows:
Step F11, it left side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: is excavated from the front to the back to current along tunnel longitudinal extension The left side pilot tunnel (1-11) of tunnel segment is excavated;
In left side pilot tunnel (1-11) digging process, sprayed on excavating molding left side pilot tunnel (1-11) inner wall from the front to the back One layer concrete obtains the just spray-up (25-2) of the concrete in left side pilot tunnel (1-11), and is excavating molding left side from the front to the back The interior installation left side arch (25-41) of pilot tunnel (1-11), and stand on left side arch (25-41) branch in the first spray-up (25-2) of concrete Side;A layer concrete, which is sprayed, on the collateral vertical first spray-up (25-2) of the concrete for having left side arch (25-41) including simultaneously obtains a left side Concrete in side pilot tunnel (1-11) answers spray-up (25-1), and so that left side arch (25-41) is embedded in concrete and answer spray-up (25- 1) in, the work progress of the first branch structure (38) of left side pilot tunnel (1-11) ectonexine is completed;
Step F12, right side pilot drive and outer layer preliminary bracing: in left side pilot tunnel (1-11) digging process described in step F11, The right side pilot tunnel (1-12) to current institute's tunneling segment is excavated from the front to the back along the synchronization of tunnel longitudinal extension, It obtains and excavates molding top hole body;
In right side pilot tunnel (1-12) digging process, sprayed on excavating molding right side pilot tunnel (1-12) inner wall from the front to the back One layer concrete obtains the just spray-up (25-2) of the concrete in right side pilot tunnel (1-12), and is excavating molding right side from the front to the back Right side arch (25-42) is installed in pilot tunnel (1-12), right side arch (25-42) branch is made to stand on concrete just spray-up (25-2) inside And be fastenedly connected right side arch (25-42) with left side arch (25-41) and be integrated, obtain the top arch of construction molding (25-4);A layer concrete is sprayed on the collateral first spray-up (25-2) of the vertical concrete for having right side arch (25-42) inside simultaneously to obtain The concrete obtained in right side pilot tunnel (1-12) answers spray-up (25-1), and so that right side arch (25-42) is embedded in concrete and answer spray-up In (25-1), the work progress of the first branch structure (38) of outer layer in the body of the top hole is completed;
In this step in digging process, after the face of the right side pilot tunnel (1-12) is located at the face of left side pilot tunnel (1-11) Side;
Step F2, middle part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: carrying out in the body digging process of top hole in step F1, vertical along tunnel It is being excavated below molding top hole body to the middle part hole of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back to extending direction Body (1-2) is excavated;
In the middle part hole body (1-2) digging process, one is sprayed on excavating molding middle part hole body (1-2) inner wall from the front to the back Layer concrete obtains the just spray-up (25-2) of the concrete in middle part hole body (1-2), and is excavating molding middle part hole from the front to the back Side bracket (25-9) is installed respectively at left and right sides of body (1-2), side bracket (25-9) branch is made to stand on concrete just spray-up (25- 2) inside and to be fastenedly connected each side bracket (25-9) with top arch (25-4) described in step F12 be one Body;A layer concrete, which is sprayed, on the collateral first spray-up (25-2) of the vertical concrete for having side bracket (25-9) inside simultaneously obtains middle part Concrete in hole body (1-2) answers spray-up (25-1), and so that side bracket (25-9) is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up (25-1), Complete the work progress of the first branch structure (38) of middle part hole body (1-2) ectonexine;
The side bracket (25-9) of left and right two and top arch (25- described in step F12 in middle part hole body (1-2) 4) connection composition arch wall arch;
In this step in digging process, the face of middle part hole body (1-2) is located at right side pilot tunnel (1- described in step F12 12) on rear side of face;
Step F3, lower part hole body excavation and outer layer preliminary bracing: carrying out in step F2 in the body digging process of middle part hole, vertical along tunnel The lower part hole below molding middle part hole body (1-2) to current institute's tunneling segment is being excavated from the front to the back to extending direction Body (1-3) is excavated, and is obtained and is excavated molding tunnel main tunnel (21);
In the lower part hole body (1-3) digging process, one is sprayed on excavating molding lower part hole body (1-3) inner wall from the front to the back Layer concrete obtains the just spray-up (25-2) of the concrete in lower part hole body (1-3), and is excavating molding lower part hole from the front to the back Tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) is installed in body (1-3), tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) branch is made to stand on concrete just spray-up (25-2) Inside and tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) is made to connect to form shaped steel arch (25) with arch wall arch described in step F2;Including simultaneously A layer concrete, which is sprayed, on the collateral first spray-up (25-2) of the vertical concrete for having tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) obtains lower part hole body (1- 3) concrete in answers spray-up (25-1), and so that tunnel inverted arch bracket (25-5) is embedded in concrete and answer in spray-up (25-1), complete At the work progress of the first branch structure (38) of tunnel main tunnel (21) ectonexine;
In this step in digging process, the face of lower part hole body (1-3) is located at middle part hole body (1-2) described in step F2 Face on rear side of;
Step F4, it internal layer preliminary bracing and two lining constructions: in step F3 in digging process, also needs from the front to the back in construction molding The first collateral vertical grid steel frame (25-3) in branch structure (38) of outer layer, while collateral inside from the front to the back vertical having grid steel frame (25- 3) layer concrete is sprayed in the first branch structure (38) of outer layer and obtains spray-up (25-8) in concrete, and makes grid steel frame (25-3) It is embedded in spray-up in concrete (25-8), completes the work progress of the first branch structure (37) of internal layer, obtain the described of construction molding The double-deck preliminary bracing structure;
During carrying out internal layer preliminary bracing in step F4, from the front to the back in the double-deck preliminary bracing structure of construction molding Inside construction tunnel secondary lining (36) completes the excavation and Bracing Process of the tunnel segment;
Step 5: front side tunnel construction sections excavate and supporting construction: the front side tunnel construction sections (4) are divided into positioned at the preceding intersection of the base tunnel The front tunnel construction sections of front side and the rear portion tunnel construction sections on rear side of the preceding intersection of the base tunnel;
After the completion of the front base tunnel section described in the step 4 is excavated, the front side base tunnel section is excavated from the front to the back, and by The backward preceding split molding detour base tunnel (1) of digging carries out supporting, until completing detour base tunnel (1) excavation and Bracing Process;
After the completion of detour base tunnel (1) is excavated, along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to the front tunnel of front side tunnel construction sections (4) Road section is excavated, and the molding front tunnel construction sections of split digging carry out supporting from the front to the back;Longitudinally extend along tunnel simultaneously The rear portion tunnel construction sections of front side tunnel construction sections (4) are from the front to the back excavated in direction, and from the front to the back it is split dig it is molding it is described after Portion's tunnel construction sections carry out supporting.
Pass through that high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction 2. described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute It states front drain cavern body, the front base tunnel section and middle part tunnel construction sections (5) and is divided into N number of tunnel segment from the front to the back, N is The total quantity of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections (5), N are positive integer and N >=2;
After the completion of draining in step B2, the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is completed;Wherein, i For positive integer and i=1,2,3 ..., N;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, step B1 is entered back into, before described The tunnel segment of i-th of portion's drain cavern body carries out excavation and supporting construction;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section, then in middle part tunnel construction sections (5) I-th of tunnel segment carries out curtain-grouting reinforcing;To i-th of tunnel segment curtain-grouting in middle part tunnel construction sections (5) After the completion of reinforcing, then excavation and supporting are carried out to i-th of tunnel segment in middle part tunnel construction sections (5).
3. passing through according to claim 2, high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: step After the completion of draining in rapid A2, the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body is completed;
After the completion of the drainage procedure of i-th of tunnel segment in the front drain cavern body, then to the front base tunnel section In i-th of tunnel segment carry out curtain-grouting reinforcing;To i-th of tunnel segment curtain in the front base tunnel section After the completion of grouting and reinforcing, step B4 is entered back into, i-th of tunnel segment in the front base tunnel section is excavated and propped up Shield.
4. feature exists according to high angle described in claim 1,2 or 3 of passing through against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed In the value range that: the length of each tunnel segment is L1 and L1 be 15m~25m.
5. feature exists according to high angle described in claim 1,2 or 3 of passing through against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed In: it is provided with inclined shaft (13) on rear side of the drain cavern (2), inclined shaft (13) front end is intersected with tunnel main tunnel (21) and the two Intersection is inclined shaft intersection, and the inclined shaft intersection is located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection;The inclined shaft (13) be for The drainage channel that will be discharged out of tunnel main tunnel (21) from the water that drain cavern (2) are discharged;
When carrying out the rear side preliminary excavation construction of tunnel construction sections in step 1, first along tunnel longitudinal extension from the front to the back to rear side tunnel It is located at the tunnel construction sections on rear side of the inclined shaft intersection in road section (3) and carries out excavation construction;It is excavated to rear side tunnel construction sections (3) described Behind the present position of inclined shaft intersection, then it is described oblique to being located in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension Tunnel construction sections between well intersection and the drain cavern intersection carry out excavation construction, while since the inclined shaft intersection pair Inclined shaft (13) carries out excavation construction;
The arch drainage hole (8), abutment wall drainage hole (9) and side drainage hole (19) are stratum drainage hole;
When being drained in step A2 by drainage hole group outside hole described in step A1, by each in drainage hole group outside the hole Stratum drainage hole drains into water in drain cavern (2), then is let out by being located at the inclined shaft intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) with described Tunnel construction sections between the intersection of water hole drain into water in inclined shaft (13), and water is discharged finally by the inclined shaft (13) completed is excavated;
When being drained in step B2 by base tunnel drainage hole group described in step B1, by each in the base tunnel drainage hole group Stratum drainage hole drains into water in detour base tunnel (1), then by be located in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) the inclined shaft intersection with it is described Tunnel construction sections between drain cavern intersection drain into water in inclined shaft (13), arrange water finally by the inclined shaft (13) completed is excavated Out.
6. feature exists according to high angle described in claim 1,2 or 3 of passing through against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed In: before carrying out top hole body excavation and preliminary bracing in step F1, need first prop up current institute's construction tunnel segment in advance Shield, and obtain the tunnel segment advance support structure of current constructed segment;The abutment wall of the tunnel main tunnel (21) is divided into top Wall and the lower wall body immediately below the upper wall body;
The tunnel segment advance support structure includes the lead pipe-shed support knot that supporting is carried out to the same tunnel segment Structure and per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction, the longitudinal length of the lead pipe-shed support structure are greater than the length of the tunnel segment Degree;
The lead pipe-shed support structure includes more and is crept into tunnel main tunnel (21) front of tunnel heading rock stratum from the front to the back Pipe canopy pipe (28) and a pipe canopy leading truck that the more pipe canopy pipes (28) are oriented to, more pipe canopy pipe (28) edges The arch contour line of tunnel main tunnel (21) is laid from left to right;It is provided on the pipe canopy leading truck multiple for pipe canopy pipe (28) The rear end of the pipe canopy pipe mounting hole (29) of installation, the more pipe canopy pipes (28) is mounted on the pipe canopy leading truck;
The per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes that multiple arch walls to the same tunnel segment carry out advance support Arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction, multiple arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in it is uniformly distributed and its It is laid from the front to the back along tunnel longitudinal extension, the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back is taken Spreading degree is not more than 3m;Spacing L=n × d between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back, Middle n is that the value range of positive integer and n are 3~6;The abutment wall of the tunnel main tunnel (21) is divided into upper wall body and is located on described Lower wall body immediately below portion's wall;
Each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes a ductule leading truck, one to the tunnel section The arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of the arch progress advance support of section and left and right two are respectively to the tunnel segment The lower wall body of left and right sides abutment wall carries out the abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction of advance support, and two abutment walls are super Preceding grouting with small pipe supporting construction is symmetrically arranged, and two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction and the arch are super Preceding grouting with small pipe supporting construction is laid on the same tunnel cross section and the longitudinal length of three is all the same;It is each described Arch per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into from the front to the back to tunnel main tunnel (21) front of tunnel heading rock stratum Interior arch slip casting ductule (22), the more arch slip casting ductules (22) along tunnel main tunnel (21) arch contour line by Left-to-right is laid;Each abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction includes more and is crept into from the front to the back to tunnel Abutment wall slip casting ductule (23) in main tunnel (21) front of tunnel heading rock stratum, the more abutment wall slip casting ductules (23) are along tunnel The lower wall body contour line of main tunnel (21) is from top to bottom laid;Each arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting knot The structure snd size of all abutment wall slip casting ductules (23) and all arch slip casting ductules (22) are all the same in structure and it is uniformly distributed On the same tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel (21);
The ductule leading truck is small to all abutment wall slip castings in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction The leading truck that conduit (23) and all arch slip casting ductules (22) are oriented to respectively, the ductule leading truck are initial stage branch It protects arch (25);The arch of the ductule leading truck is provided with multiple arches for arch slip casting ductule (22) installation from left to right Portion's mounting hole, the left and right sides lower part of the ductule leading truck are provided with multiple sides for abutment wall slip casting ductule (23) installation Portion's mounting hole, abutment wall slip casting ductule (23) and arch slip casting ductule in the arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction (22) rear end is mounted on the same ductule leading truck.
7. passing through according to claim 6, high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: step Before carrying out top hole body excavation and preliminary bracing in rapid F1, lead pipe-shed support first is carried out to current institute's construction tunnel segment, Obtain the lead pipe-shed support structure of the tunnel segment;
Top hole body and middle part hole body (1-2) form middle and upper part hole body, the height of top hole body and lower part hole body (23) Degree is all larger than 4m, and the height of middle part hole body (1-2) is not more than 10m;
It is being excavated below molding top hole body to the middle part of current institute's tunneling segment from the front to the back in step F2 When hole body (1-2) is excavated, multiple excavation segments is divided to open middle part hole body (1-2) of the tunnel segment from the front to the back It digs;
Before being excavated any one described excavation segment, per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe first is carried out to the arch wall of the excavation segment and is added Gu and obtaining the per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction;
Each length for excavating segment is between the two neighboring arch wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction in front and back Spacing L it is identical.
8. passing through according to claim 6, high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: institute It states tunnel main tunnel (21) and is divided into hole body and the hole body under the tunnel immediately below hole body on the tunnel on tunnel, on the tunnel The cross section of hole body is semicircle;The upper wall body of the abutment wall is located on the tunnel in the body of hole and its underpart wall is located at institute It states under tunnel in the body of hole;Two abutment wall per-fore pouring liquid with small pipe supporting construction are respectively positioned on the external side in hole under the tunnel;
The region that the arch mounting hole is opened up on the ductule leading truck is arch aperture area, the shape of the arch aperture area Shape is arc and its central angle is 120 °;
The region that pipe canopy pipe mounting hole (29) is opened up on the pipe canopy leading truck is top aperture area, the shape of the top aperture area Shape is arc and its central angle is 180 °.
9. feature exists according to high angle described in claim 1,2 or 3 of passing through against rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction is rushed In: the rear side tunnel construction sections (3) and middle part tunnel construction sections (5) of the tunnel main tunnel (21) form main body tunnel construction sections, the main body tunnel High-order escape platform, longitudinal length laying and two of the high position escape platform along the main body tunnel construction sections are provided in section The length of person is identical;Be laid in each service gallery (42) one connect with the high position escape platform it is described auxiliary Help tunnel emergency escape system;
The high position escape platform includes three hole side high position escape routes being laid in tunnel main tunnel (21) from back to front Segment, three high-order escape route segments are laid along the longitudinal extension of tunnel main tunnel (21) and it is laid in tunnel A side of road main tunnel (21) side within the walls;Each hole side high position escape route segment is both secured to tunnel main tunnel (21) On the abutment wall of side, the abutment wall that hole side high position escape route segment is fixed is the fixed abutment wall of escape route;Front and back is adjacent It is connected by hole side high position escape route segment between two hole side high position escape route segments, the hole Mouth side high position escape route segment is located on the outside of the service gallery hole and it is laid in tunnel main tunnel (21);The hole Side high position escape route segment is the longitudinally connected frame laid along tunnel main tunnel (21) longitudinal extension;
Three high-order escape route segments are respectively to be laid in the main body tunnel construction sections to be located at the drain cavern intersection Rear side high position escape route segment in the tunnel construction sections of rear side, be laid in after base tunnel described in the main body tunnel construction sections intersection with It middle part high position escape route segment in tunnel construction sections between the drain cavern intersection and is laid in the main body tunnel construction sections Front side high position escape route segment in the tunnel construction sections on front side of intersection after the base tunnel;
Hole side high position escape route segment includes multiple longitudinal extensions along tunnel main tunnel (21) cloth from the front to the back If high-order escape route bracket (43) and one be supported on multiple high-order escape route brackets (43) and for the people that escapes Abutment wall people from side row platform (44) of member's walking, it is solid that multiple high-order escape route brackets (43) are both secured to the escape route On deckle wall and it forms the tunnel longitudinal bracing system supported for abutment wall side people's row platform (44), and each high-order escape is logical Road bracket (43) is laid at its present position on the tunnel cross section of tunnel main tunnel (21);Abutment wall people from side row platform (44) and to tunnel main tunnel (21) interior inverted arch the clear distance between inverted arch filled layer (35) being filled is not less than 2m;It is each described The equal Zhi Li in inside of high-order escape route bracket (43) has an oblique ladder (53), and oblique ladder (53) bottom is supported in inverted arch On filled layer (35) and upper part is supported on high-order escape route bracket (43);In hole side high position escape route segment A high-order escape route bracket (43) near the service gallery hole is hole side stand, and branch stands on the hole Oblique ladder (53) on the inside of mouth side stand is hole side ladder;
Each service gallery emergency escape system includes two and is laid in abutment wall at left and right sides of service gallery (42) respectively The tunnel escape device of inside;
Each tunnel escape device includes one by multiple ladder groups and twice edge that ladder (54) form of meeting an urgent need Lay and be fixed on the safety rope (55) in the ladder group, safety rope described in per pass in longitudinal extension side of service gallery (42) (55) it is fixedly connected with multiple emergency ladders (54);Longitudinal direction of multiple emergency ladder (54) along service gallery (42) Extending direction is laid from back to front, and the emergency ladder (54) is to be fixed on the tunnel support structure and highly not less than 3m Vertical ladder;Safety rope described in twice (55) is respectively to be fixed on the upper safety rope on emergency ladder (54) top and be located at described Upper safety rope lower section and the lower safety rope for being fixed on emergency ladder (54) lower part;In each tunnel escape device near One emergency ladder (54) at the nearly service gallery hole is service gallery hole ladder, each service gallery hole Mouth ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder, and the bindiny mechanism is connecting rope (58) or connection frame.
10. passing through according to claim 9, high angle is inverse to rush rich water richness sand tomography method for tunnel construction, it is characterised in that: The tunnel construction sections in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) on rear side of the drain cavern intersection are carried out in digging process in step 1, by rear It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel (21) of construction molding to the rear side high position escape route segment forward;
After the completion of tunnel construction sections excavation construction after be located on rear side of the drain cavern intersection in rear side tunnel construction sections (3), constructed The molding rear side high position escape route segment;
To the tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) between intersection behind the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in step 2 In Duan Jinhang digging process, from the front to the back to the middle part high position escape route segment in the tunnel main tunnel (21) of construction molding It constructs, while the longitudinally connected frame will be laid on the outside of the drain cavern intersection;
Tunnel construction sections excavation after being located at the drain cavern intersection and the base tunnel in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) between intersection is applied After the completion of work, the middle part high position escape route segment of construction molding is obtained;
The scupper body of drain cavern (2) is carried out in digging process, from the front to the back to described in the drain cavern of construction molding (2) Service gallery emergency escape system is constructed, and each of the constructed service gallery emergency escape system auxiliary is cheated Road hole ladder passes through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
When being excavated in step 3 to the tunnel construction sections in rear side tunnel construction sections (3) on front side of intersection after the base tunnel, by rear It constructs in the tunnel main tunnel (21) of construction molding to the front side high position escape route segment forward, while will be described A longitudinally connected frame is laid after base tunnel on the outside of intersection;
During continuing excavation construction to the scupper body of drain cavern (2), from the front to the back to described auxiliary in drain cavern (2) Tunnel emergency escape system is helped to continue to construct;
During carrying out excavation construction to the rear side detour base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1), from the front to the back in the detour of construction molding It constructs in base tunnel (1) to the service gallery emergency escape system, and will be in construct service gallery emergency escape system Each of service gallery hole ladder pass through bindiny mechanism and connect with its nearest hole side ladder;
The front drain cavern body of drain cavern (2) is carried out in digging process in step 4, from the front to the back to the institute in drain cavern (2) Service gallery emergency escape system is stated to continue to construct;After the completion of the front drain cavern body construction, obtain drain cavern (2) The service gallery emergency escape system of interior construction molding;
During carrying out excavation construction to the front base tunnel section of detour base tunnel (1), from the front to the back to described in detour base tunnel (1) Service gallery emergency escape system continues to construct;After the completion of front base tunnel section construction, obtain in detour base tunnel (1) The service gallery emergency escape system of construction molding;
It is high-order to the front side in middle part tunnel construction sections (5) from the front to the back during carrying out excavation construction to middle part tunnel construction sections (5) It constructs escape route segment.
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