CN109197782A

CN109197782A - A kind of the selecting quantitative separating and storage method for releasing of deadlock aphid

Info

Publication number: CN109197782A
Application number: CN201810897221.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张立猛; 谷星慧; 任珂成; 周文兵; 杨海林; 任永明; 黄智华; 赵进龙; 计思贵; 李淑兰; 张翠萍; 纳红艳; 罗秀莲; 刘芳; 王惠芝; 李春林; 侯鸣飞; 杨川; 普云飞
Original assignee: Yuxi Qike Biological Prevention And Control Technology Development Co Ltd; YUNAN TOBACCO Co YUXI BRANCH
Current assignee: Yuxi Qike Biological Prevention And Control Technology Development Co Ltd; YUNAN TOBACCO Co YUXI BRANCH
Priority date: 2018-08-08
Filing date: 2018-08-08
Publication date: 2019-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-08
Also published as: CN109197782B

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of selecting quantitative separating of stiff aphid and storage method for releasing, belong to agricultural pests technical field of biological control, the present invention picks up stiff aphid using machine automatically, quantitative separating is at box, factory floor metaplasia can be achieved to produce, greatly improve production efficiency, realize the commercialization of stiff aphid, allow aphid parasite become it is a kind of convenient for storing, being readily transported, convenient for the commodity of circulation.Stiff aphid box transports after directly transporting or refrigerate, tobacco grower is transferred to hang up in cigarette strain, after sprouting wings into aphid parasite, aphid parasitism is found in the cigarette strain for fly to aphid from climbing out of in box, play the role of preventing and treating tobacco field aphid, a kind of convenient and fast aphid parasite method for releasing is provided for tobacco grower, promote and apply aphidius gifuensis can preferably on Pest Management of Tobacco.

Description

A kind of the selecting quantitative separating and storage method for releasing of deadlock aphid

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural pests technical field of biological control, and specifically, the selecting for being related to a kind of stiff aphid quantitatively divides Dress and storage method for releasing.

Background technique

Aphidius gifuensis is the advantage parasite of tobacco aphid, kills or controls by the way that ovum is originated in feeding juice in aphid body Aphid processed plays the role of biological control pest.The artificial propagation in scale technology of aphidius gifuensis is mature at present, and in tobacco aphid It finds broad application in biological control.

Stiff aphid is the pupa state aphid parasite that do not sprout wings, is aphid parasite adult after emergence.Currently, aphidius gifuensis delivery mode is big Small tobacco seedlings are mostly used to breed stiff aphid, the seedling with stiff aphid, which is transported tobacco field, makes its emergence fly into field, or takes between tobacco field Networking shape hut, potting tobacco seedlings breed stiff aphid, let cigarette fly away naturally after stiff aphid sprouts wings into aphid parasite and mention field searching aphid parasitism. There is storage, transport difficult in aforesaid way, the control efficiency of tobacco pest and disease damage is also difficult to control, exists for aphidius gifuensis Popularization and application on Pest Management of Tobacco, which are formed, to be hindered.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the present invention provides a kind of selecting quantitative separating of stiff aphid and storages Method for releasing, picks up stiff aphid using machine, quantitative separating is at box automatically, the production of factory floor metaplasia may be implemented, significantly Improve production efficiency.Using industrialized production, stiff aphid commercialization is realized, aphid parasite is allowed to become one kind convenient for storing, just In transport, convenient for the commodity of circulation, provide a kind of convenient and fast aphid parasite method for releasing for tobacco grower, make aphidius gifuensis in tobacco disease pest It can preferably be promoted and applied in evil prevention and treatment.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The selecting quantitative separating and storage method for releasing of the stiff aphid, specifically includes the following steps:

1) pick up: picking breeding has the tobacco seedlings of stiff aphid, it is pushed to by propulsive mechanism and is picked up in device, utilizes selecting device Stiff aphid is quickly adopted from tobacco seedlings and is fallen, then removes the sundries being mixed into stiff aphid, export more pure stiff aphid and is collected, Clean useless tobacco seedlings are picked up to spue automatically from selecting device；

2) quantitative separating: in the stiff aphid input quantitative separating device that step 1) is obtained, using positive displacement quantitative, volume size can Stiff aphid quantity is measured, counting purpose is reached；The size and the number of openings in preset capacity hole as needed, to limit every part of stiff aphid Quantity；Dispense stiff aphid using air positive and negative air-pressure: when volume hole is contacted with stiff aphid, positive pressure gas sucks stiff aphid in volume hole； When the volume hole equipped with stiff aphid is directed at stiff aphid box, positive pressure gas is closed, negative pressure gas is connected, the stiff aphid in volume hole is more parts primary It is blown into stiff aphid box, covers lid, realize stiff aphid automatic subpackaging；

3) it refrigerates: stiff aphid box deepfreeze being stored into progress diapause processing in 1-15 days, is mainly used for slowing down the emergence time of stiff aphid, Guarantee product quality, meets the operation of stiff aphid commercialization；

4) it transports: needing stiff aphid box that can carry out packaging products in boxes in batches according to user, and is labeling specific name, controlling object, anti- Control area, use age, application method and points for attention, after according to weather conditions, haulage time use ice bag Refrigerated Transport.

Further, 500-1000 stiff aphids are generally quantitatively filled, capacity hole needs opening diameter 10-15mm, depth 10-15mm.

Further, the control of air positive and negative air-pressure is in 1.5-3KPa.

Further, stiff aphid box can be cylindrical box or rectangular box, cylindrical box diameter about 30-40mm, high 20-35mm, Rectangular box length, width and height about 40mm*30mm*25mm comprising box body, box cover, box cover are provided with aperture 4-8 of diameter 0.8-1.5mm Or the square hole of long 3m wide 2mm, box cover are equipped with small hook, for hanging over cigarette strain bar, stiff aphid, which is fitted into box, covers lid, works as box In stiff aphid sprout wings at after aphid parasite from aperture release fly out.Stiff aphid box can multiple groups be combined into a plate.

Further, it picks up and the workshop temperature of quantitative separating process is controlled at 20 DEG C hereinafter, the storage period is less than 3h, preventing stiff aphid from sprouting wings too early becomes aphid parasite.

Further, deepfreeze storage control temperature is in 5 DEG C -7 DEG C, humidity 40-60%.

Further, picking up device includes rack 1, feeding propulsive mechanism 11, disengaging discharging door mechanism 12, screen drum 13, vibration Sieve bucket 17；The rack 1 is equipped with feeding propulsive mechanism 11 and screen drum 13, and disengaging discharging door mechanism 12 is mounted on feeding propulsive mechanism Between 11 and screen drum 13, vibration sieve bucket 17 is installed on the downside of screen drum 13, vibrates and set stiff aphid outlet 5 on 17 side wall of sieve bucket, stiff aphid goes out Mouth 5 stretches out 1 outside of racks；It is uniformly arranged circular hole on 13 side wall of screen drum, is mounted in rack 1 by support base I 14, screen drum 13 1 End is equipped with screen drum belt pulley 15, and brush roll 25 is provided in screen drum 13, and 25 one end of brush roll is equipped with hairbrush 24, and the other end passes through Screen drum belt pulley 15 extend out to outside and end is provided with brush roll belt pulley 16, and screen drum belt pulley 15 is passed through by screen drum motor 18 Belt connection driving, brush roll belt pulley 16 are connected by belt by brushroll motor 19 and are driven；It is arranged on the outside of feeding propulsive mechanism 11 Left housing 3 and feeding housing 7 are equipped with the feed well 8 of connection feeding propulsive mechanism 11 at the top of left housing 3, are equipped on front side of left housing 3 The outside of electric controller 6, disengaging discharging door mechanism 12, screen drum 13 and brush roll 25 is provided with middle housing 4 and right housing 2.

Further, the disengaging discharging door mechanism 12 includes fixed door-plate 27, micromotor 28, left shaft holder 29, right axle Seat 30, rotation axis 31, discharging door-plate 32, feed inlet 33 are held, fixed door-plate 27 is fixedly mounted in rack 1, and fixed door-plate 27 is whole Body is in " n " type, and downside is rectangular aperture, and upside is provided with feed inlet 33, and rectangular aperture is equipped with discharging door-plate 32, and discharge door-plate 32 tops are fixed in rotation axis 31, and rotation axis 31 is mounted on fixed door-plate 27 by left shaft holder 29 and right bearing seat 30, Rotation axis 31 is driven by micromotor 28；Spiral brushing piece 26 is uniformly installed along axial direction, discharge door-plate on 13 inner wall of screen drum 32 front sides are equipped with the blow tank 23 that is mounted in rack 1, and the side wall of rack 1 is equipped with useless tobacco seedlings outlet 10, blow tank 23 and useless Tobacco seedlings outlet 10 is interconnected；3-8 part is arranged in the brushing piece 26, and brushing piece 26 is made of soft elastic rubber-plastic composite material；The feeding Propulsive mechanism 11 includes feeding micro machine 37, feed screw nut 38, support shaft 39, pushing plate 40, support base II 41, support base II 41 It is mounted in left housing 3 by support shaft 39, feed screw nut 38 is installed, feed screw nut 38 is by the micro- electricity of feeding on support base II 41 Machine 37 drives, and pushing plate 40 is fixed on the nut of feed screw nut 38,11 discharge end of feeding propulsive mechanism and disengaging discharging door mechanism Feed inlet 33 on 12 is aligned；Scalping disk 35 and stiff aphid screen tray 34, scalping disk are separately installed in vibration sieve bucket 17 from top to bottom 35 tilt down setting with stiff aphid screen tray 34, and the scalping material that alignment 35 lower end of scalping disk is provided on vibration 17 side wall of sieve bucket goes out Mouth 9, stiff 34 lower end of aphid screen tray are aligned with stiff aphid outlet 5, vibrate and be provided with fine miscellaneous object outlet 36 on 17 bottom plate of sieve bucket, vibrate sieve bucket 17 are driven using vibrating motor 42；Rack 1 is equipped with pneumatic separation device, and pneumatic separation device includes mini fan 20, air supply tube 21, outlet air Pipe 22,21 air intake of air supply tube are connect with mini fan 20, and outlet air end is connected to stiff aphid and exports 5 bottoms, and stiff 5 top of aphid outlet is set Set discharge pipe 22.

Further, Circularhole diameter is 3-10mm on screen drum.

Further, the axially mounted 3-6 row pattern hairbrush of the brush roll 25, hairbrush material use flexible fibre hair.

Further, the selecting of stiff aphid and quantitative separating can be realized with two machines respectively, can also be by the two technology string It combines as a whole, realizes that stiff aphid picks up quantitative separating production line automatically.

Further, rectangular stiff aphid box includes box body and box cover, and the box body is top opening, inside is the rectangular of cavity Body structure, the open top surrounding of box body are uniformly provided with through-hole I, and two medial surface of box body is equipped with corresponding grab I, box cover top The opening that portion is equipped with semicircle shape is linked up with, and box cover bottom is equipped with engagement frame, engages and is equipped with grab II on the outside of frame two, engages frame Bottom, which is equipped with, is surrounded by through-hole II corresponding with through-hole I, and box cover passes through engagement by side in engagement frame built-in box body The grab II in two outside of frame and I phase of grab of two inside of box body are clamped, and the through-hole I and through-hole II after clamping are interconnected.

Further, box cover week edge jointing edge frame extends 2mm or so.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention picks up stiff aphid using machine automatically, quantitative separating, it can be achieved that factory floor metaplasia produces, mentions significantly at box High efficiency realizes the commercialization of stiff aphid, allow aphid parasite become it is a kind of convenient for storing, being readily transported, convenient for the commodity of circulation. Stiff aphid box transports after directly transporting or refrigerate, and tobacco grower is transferred to hang up in cigarette strain, after sprouting wings into aphid parasite, climbs out of from box winged It is parasitic that aphid is found on to the cigarette strain for have aphid, is played the role of preventing and treating tobacco field aphid, is provided a kind of convenient and fast aphid cocoon for tobacco grower Bee method for releasing promote and apply aphidius gifuensis can preferably on Pest Management of Tobacco.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the front schematic view for picking up device；

Fig. 2 is the schematic rear view for picking up device；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of internal structure for picking up device；

Fig. 4 is the partial structural diagram for picking up device；

Fig. 5 is to pick up device screen drum structural schematic diagram；

Fig. 6 is to pick up device to pass in and out discharging door mechanism schematic diagram；

Fig. 7 is to pick up device to vibrate sieve bucket main view；

Fig. 8 is to pick up device to vibrate sieve bucket top view；

Fig. 9 is to pick up device vibrating screen bucket structure schematic diagram；

Figure 10 is to pick up device feeding propulsive mechanism structural schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is rectangular stiff aphid box combining structure schematic diagram；

Figure 12 is rectangular stiff aphid box box body structure schematic diagram；

Figure 13 is rectangular stiff aphid box box cover structural schematic diagram；

Figure 14 is rectangular stiff aphid box planar shaped box cover structural schematic diagram；

Figure 15 is rectangular stiff aphid box planar shaped box cover main view；

Figure 16 is rectangular stiff aphid box taper box cover structural schematic diagram；

Figure 17 is rectangular stiff aphid box taper box cover main view.

Figure label are as follows: the right housing of 1- rack, 2-, the left housing of 3-, housing in 4-, the outlet of 5- deadlock aphid, 6- electric controller, 7- feeding housing, 8- feed well, the outlet of 9- scalping material, 10- useless tobacco seedlings outlet, 11- feeding propulsive mechanism, 12- input and output material door machine Structure, 13- screen drum, 14- support base I, 15- screen drum belt pulley, 16- brush roll belt pulley, 17- vibrate sieve bucket, 18- screen drum motor, 19- Brushroll motor, 20- mini fan, 21- air supply tube, 22- discharge pipe, 23- blow tank, 24- hairbrush, 25- brush roll, 26- brushing piece, 27- fixes door-plate, 28- micromotor, 29- left shaft holder, 30- right bearing seat, 31- rotation axis, 32- discharging door-plate, 33- charging Mouth, 34- deadlock aphid screen tray, 35- scalping disk, the thin miscellaneous object outlet of 36-, 37- feeding micro machine, 38- feed screw nut, 39- support shaft, 40- pushing plate, 41- support base II, 42- vibrating motor；43- box body, 44- box cover, 45- through-hole I, 46- grab I, 47- hook, 48- engages frame, 49- grab II, 50- through-hole II.

Specific embodiment

It, below will be to preferred reality of the invention in order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer It applies example to be described in detail, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.

Embodiment 1

A kind of the selecting quantitative separating and storage method for releasing of deadlock aphid, specifically includes the following steps:

1) pick up: picking breeding has the tobacco seedlings of stiff aphid, it is pushed in selecting device by propulsive mechanism, and delivery device can be with It is reciprocating motion, rotary motion or belt transmission.

Picking up device includes rotatable screen drum, the brush roll in screen drum and the (modeling of the flexibility on inboard wall of riddle drum Glue) plate, screen drum can be cylindrical structure, and the circular hole that diameter is 3-10mm is uniformly provided on screen drum peripheral wall.It is driven by power soft Property (plastic cement) plate rotated together with screen drum, and then drive tobacco seedlings overturning, so that tobacco seedlings is sufficiently rubbed with hairbrush, by the stiff aphid in tobacco seedlings Completely adopt down.Stiff aphid falls into sieve from the circular hole uniformly on screen drum peripheral wall, passes through screen cloth vibrating screen choosing or selection by winnowing, removal Sundries greater than stiff aphid and the fine content less than stiff aphid obtain the more pure stiff aphid of quality and are collected, and have picked up clean Useless tobacco seedlings spue automatically.

It picks up device and is equipped with automatic control device, the mutual logical connection of above-mentioned processing step can be automatically performed each other Movement, realizes the control of complete procedure, and automatic control device is industrial PLC (industry is programmable) technology using technology.

2) quantitative separating: tobacco grower needs to launch aphid parasite quantity according to aphid damage tobacco seedlings quantity, therefore need to be by certain Quantity dispenses stiff aphid, to allow tobacco grower is convenient accurately to launch aphid parasite, reaches accurate prevention and control.

Quantitative separating device can be selected " a kind of 2015109328849 stiff aphid automatic quantitative packaging machine " and carry out.Selecting is obtained In the stiff aphid input quantitative separating device obtained, using positive displacement quantitative, the mensurable stiff aphid quantity of volume size reaches counting mesh 's.Much volumes are needed by how many stiff aphids, carry out set volume size.The size and number of aperture in preset capacity hole as needed Amount, to limit the quantity of every part of stiff aphid.Volume size needs aperture straight through experimental study, the stiff aphid of general dress 500-1000 Diameter 10-15mm depth 10-15mm.It is above-mentioned automatic " quantitative " without manually by stiff aphid packed space hole, but machine movement general automatically Stiff aphid is filled into volume hole.

" packing " is by certain amount by stiff aphid to be a, and a about 500 stiff aphids enter in mounted box automatically, therefore it is required that stiff Aphid storage bucket (case) can hold about 1000-5000 parts of stiff aphid or more.

Stiff aphid, positive and negative air-pressure 1.5-3KPa are dispensed using air positive and negative air-pressure.Positive/negative-pressure is air connected volume hole, works as appearance Stiff aphid contact in product Kong Yuyu deadlock aphid bucket (case) is sucked stiff aphid in volume hole by positive pressure gas；When the volume equipped with stiff aphid When hole is directed at stiff aphid box, positive pressure gas is closed, connects negative pressure gas, primary more parts of stiff aphid in volume hole are blown into stiff aphid box, are covered Good lid realizes stiff aphid automatic subpackaging.

Stiff aphid box can be cylindrical box (" a kind of 2017202887127 stiff aphid preservation release box " can be selected), cylindrical box Diameter about 30-40mm, high 20-35mm comprising box body, box cover, box cover are provided with aperture 4-8 or long of diameter 0.8-1.5mm The square hole of 3m wide 2mm.Box cover is equipped with small hook, and for hanging over cigarette strain bar, stiff aphid, which is fitted into box, covers lid, when in box Stiff aphid, which sprouts wings, to fly out at after aphid parasite from aperture release.Stiff aphid box can multiple groups be combined into a plate.Quantitative separating device is additionally provided with deadlock Aphid box conveying device, can automatically move stiff aphid box is fitted into stiff aphid in box.

Stiff aphid is the ovum that aphid parasite is not sprouted wings, has vital sign, is affected by temperature, after temperature is greater than 30 DEG C of stiff aphids or adopts Storage period is greater than 3 hours, stiff aphid can be accelerated to sprout wings into aphid parasite, inconvenience saves.Therefore, the life with quantitative separating process is picked up Workshop temperature control is produced at 20 DEG C hereinafter, the storage period is less than 3h, preventing stiff aphid from sprouting wings too early becomes aphid parasite.

The selecting of stiff aphid and quantitative separating can be realized with two machines respectively, and the two technology can also be connected and be integrated, Realize that stiff aphid picks up quantitative separating production line automatically.

3) refrigerate: by stiff aphid box be placed in 5 DEG C -7 DEG C of temperature, humidity 40-60% cryogenic conditions under refrigerated storage 1-15 days Diapause processing is carried out, is mainly used for slowing down the emergence time of stiff aphid, guarantees product quality, meets the operation of stiff aphid commercialization.

4) it transports: needing stiff aphid box that can carry out packaging products in boxes, and labeling specific name, prevention and treatment pair in batches according to user As, prevention and treatment area, use age, application method and points for attention, after ice bag refrigeration fortune used according to weather conditions, haulage time It is defeated.

5) stiff aphid box is hung cigarette strain and discharge aphid parasite: tobacco grower hangs over stiff aphid box in cigarette strain according to operation instruction, to stiff aphid After sprouting wings into aphid parasite, is flown to from release in box and ovum is originated in feeding juice kill aphid in aphid body in the tobacco seedlings of aphid, Play the role of biological control aphid.

Embodiment 2

1) pick up: picking breeding has the tobacco seedlings of stiff aphid, it is pushed to by propulsive mechanism and is picked up in device.

As Figure 1-10 shows, the selecting device includes rack 1, feeding propulsive mechanism 11, disengaging discharging door mechanism 12, screen drum 13, sieve bucket 17 is vibrated；The rack 1 is equipped with feeding propulsive mechanism 11 and screen drum 13, and disengaging discharging door mechanism 12 is mounted on feeding Between propulsive mechanism 11 and screen drum 13, vibration sieve bucket 17 is installed on the downside of screen drum 13, vibrates and set stiff aphid outlet on 17 side wall of sieve bucket 5,1 outside of rack is stretched out in stiff aphid outlet 5.It is 3-10mm circular hole that diameter is uniformly arranged on 13 side wall of screen drum, is pacified by support base I 14 In rack 1,13 one end of screen drum is equipped with screen drum belt pulley 15, and brush roll 25,25 one end of brush roll are provided in screen drum 13 Equipped with 3-6 hairbrush 24, the other end passes through screen drum belt pulley 15 and extend out to outside and end is provided with brush roll belt pulley 16, sieves Cylinder belt pulley 15 is connected by belt by screen drum motor 18 and is driven, and brush roll belt pulley 16 is connected by belt by brushroll motor 19 and driven It is dynamic.Hairbrush 24 is made of flexible fibre hair, length about 25-40mm, and the brush in rotary course can be prevented to hurt stiff aphid cocoon wall.Feeding Left housing 3 and feeding housing 7 are set on the outside of propulsive mechanism 11, the charging of connection feeding propulsive mechanism 11 is equipped at the top of left housing 3 Slot 8, electric controller 6 is equipped on front side of left housing 3, and electric controller 6 is capable of opening for each motor being arranged inside control device Stop and positive and negative rotation, the outside of disengaging discharging door mechanism 12, screen drum 13 and brush roll 25 are provided with middle housing 4 and right housing 2, wherein Right housing 2, left housing 3, middle housing 4 and feeding housing 7 can play the role of safeguard protection.

The disengaging discharging door mechanism 12 includes fixed door-plate 27, micromotor 28, left shaft holder 29, right bearing seat 30, turns Moving axis 31, discharging door-plate 32, feed inlet 33, fixed door-plate 27 are fixedly mounted in rack 1, and whole fixed door-plate 27 is in " n " type, Downside is rectangular aperture, and upside is provided with feed inlet 33, and rectangular aperture is equipped with discharging door-plate 32, fixed at the top of the door-plate 32 that discharges In rotation axis 31, rotation axis 31 is mounted on fixed door-plate 27 by left shaft holder 29 and right bearing seat 30, rotation axis 31 by Micromotor 28 drives.Spiral brushing piece 26 is uniformly installed along axial direction, brushing piece 26 is arranged 3-8 part, adopts on 13 inner wall of screen drum It is made of soft elastic rubber-plastic composite material, thickness about 3-10mm, width about 40-120mm, length are determined according to screen drum, can prevent from rotating through It damages in journey stiff aphid cocoon wall.It is equipped with the blow tank 23 being mounted in rack 1 on front side of discharging door-plate 32, the side wall of rack 1 is equipped with Useless tobacco seedlings outlet 10, blow tank 23 and useless tobacco seedlings outlet 10 are interconnected.The feeding propulsive mechanism 11 includes feeding micro machine 37, feed screw nut 38, support shaft 39, pushing plate 40, support base II 41, support base II 41 are mounted on left housing by support shaft 39 In 3, feed screw nut 38 is installed on support base II 41, feed screw nut 38 is driven by feeding micro machine 37, and pushing plate 40 is fixed on On the nut of feed screw nut 38,11 discharge end of feeding propulsive mechanism is aligned with the feed inlet 33 on disengaging discharging door mechanism 12.Pass through Electric controller 6 controls the operation of feeding micro machine 37, and driving feed screw nut 38 works, and then pushing plate 40 is driven to promote with after It moves back, pushing plate 40 can push the stiff green seedling of aphid cigarette into screen drum 13 through the feed inlet 33 on disengaging discharging door mechanism 12.In stiff aphid The green seedling of cigarette is pushed into after screen drum 13, and micromotor 28 starts, and rotation axis 31 is driven to rotate, and discharge door 32 is rotated fixed door The closing of 27 downside rectangular aperture of plate, prevents stiff aphid cigarette greenery by leaking out.Screen drum motor 18 and brush roll are controlled by electric controller 6 Motor 19 drives screen drum 13 and brush roll 25 to rotate, wherein driving screen drum 13 is opposite with the rotation direction of brush roll 25；Stiff aphid Cigarette greenery are rotated in driving screen drum 13, under stiff aphid is brushed by hairbrush 24 and brushing piece 26 on blade, fall into vibration by circular hole on side wall In sieve bucket 17, at this point, micromotor 28 starts, the reversion of rotation axis 31 is driven to open discharge door 32, the useless tobacco seedlings in screen drum 13 By 26 screw of brushing piece, is fallen in blow tank 23 by the rectangular aperture of fixed 27 downside of door-plate, most gone out afterwards through useless tobacco seedlings Mouth 10 is discharged.

Scalping disk 35 and stiff aphid screen tray 34, scalping disk 35 and stiff aphid screen tray are separately installed in vibration sieve bucket 17 from top to bottom 34 tilt down setting, vibrate the scalping material outlet 9 that alignment 35 lower end of scalping disk is provided on 17 side wall of sieve bucket, stiff aphid screen tray 34 lower ends are aligned with stiff aphid outlet 5, are vibrated and are provided with fine miscellaneous object outlet 36 on 17 bottom plate of sieve bucket, and vibration sieve bucket 17 is using vibration electricity Machine 42 drives.It is vibrated in sieve bucket 17 when the stiff aphid under brush leaks into through aperture, it is thick miscellaneous greater than stiff aphid under the vibration of vibrating motor 42 Object sifts out collection through scalping disk 35, and stiff aphid and subtle object are fallen on stiff aphid screen tray 34, while under the vibration of vibrating motor 42, stiff aphid Collection is sifted out by stiff aphid outlet 5 through the screening of screen tray 34, falls on vibration sieve bucket through stiff aphid screen tray 34 sieve less than the subtle sundries of stiff aphid 17 bottoms are discharged by thin miscellaneous object outlet 36 and are collected.

Rack 1 is equipped with pneumatic separation device, and pneumatic separation device includes mini fan 20, air supply tube 21, discharge pipe 22, air supply tube 21 Air intake is connect with mini fan 20, and outlet air end is connected to stiff aphid and exports 5 bottoms, and discharge pipe 22 is arranged in stiff 5 top of aphid outlet.Through After vibrating the screening of sieve bucket 17, wind is blown by stiff aphid from 5 discharge of stiff aphid outlet at this point, mini fan 20 works through air supply tube 21 Stiff 5 lower section of aphid outlet, stiff aphid hollow shell, aphid skin are blown out through air supply tube 21, play the role of purifying stiff aphid.

Pick up the course of work of device: electric controller 6 powers on, and stiff aphid tobacco seedlings are placed in feed well 8, disengaging Discharging door-plate 32 on discharging door mechanism 12 is closed, and feeding propulsive mechanism 11 pushes stiff aphid cigarette greenery into screen drum 13, screen drum electricity Machine 18 and brushroll motor 19 are rotated by belt drive screen drum 13 and 25 opposite direction of brush roll respectively, and the brushing piece 26 on screen drum 13 will Tobacco leaf drives spiral overturning, in the case where the hairbrush 24 in brush roll 25 rotate repeatedly by under deadlock aphid brush on tobacco leaf, and through on screen drum 13 Circular hole leave out by mistake into vibration sieve bucket 17 and collect, while passing in and out the opening of the discharging door-plate 32 on discharging door mechanism 12, what is be brushed past is useless The green seedling of cigarette is overturn by 26 spiral of brushing piece on screen drum 13, send and fall in blow tank 23, through green 10 discharge of seedling outlet of useless cigarette；It opens Vibrating motor 42 is opened, the thick sundries that stiff aphid is greater than under vibration power effect is sifted out by scalping disk 35, and stiff aphid and subtle object are left out by mistake to deadlock Aphid screen tray 34 is sifted out stiff aphid by stiff aphid screen tray 34, is collected by stiff aphid outlet 5, and stiff aphid reaches at stiff aphid outlet 5, miniature wind Machine 20 works, and wind is blown into stiff 5 lower section of aphid outlet through air supply tube 21, stiff aphid hollow shell, aphid skin are blown out through discharge pipe 22, It isolates subtle object to leave out by mistake to the bottom of vibration sieve bucket 17, is collected by 36 discharge of outlet, complete a selecting period；In repetition It states and picks up the stiff aphid selecting work of period i.e. sustainable progress.

Device is picked up by preventing that stiff aphid cocoon wall is caused to damage, under the premise of influencing stiff aphid life, stiff aphid is adopted automatically Choosing, stiff aphid and its waste are distinguished, and greatly accelerate the efficiency that stiff aphid picks up, and are not necessarily to manual work, meanwhile, it was picking up Generated waste is able to carry out differentiation and focuses in journey, and cleaning waste is more convenient, reduces worker workload, hands over The time for launch tobacco field to smoker shortens, and accelerates biological control effect.

Stiff aphid box can be rectangular box, length, width and height about 40mm*30mm*25mm comprising box body, box cover, box cover are provided with diameter The square hole of the aperture of 0.8-1.5mm 4-8 or long 3m wide 2mm.Stiff aphid box can multiple groups be combined into a plate.Quantitative separating device is also set There is stiff aphid box conveying device, can automatically move stiff aphid box is fitted into stiff aphid in box.For example, as shown in figs. 1-7, rectangular deadlock aphid box Including box body 43 and box cover 44, the box body 43 is top opening, the rectangular parallelepiped structure that inside is cavity, the open top of box body 43 Portion's surrounding is uniformly provided with through-hole I 45, and the position of through-hole I 45 is in open top surrounding, and is evenly arranged on four faces of box body 43 On, 43 two-phase inner surface sides of box body are equipped with corresponding grab I 46, and box cover 44 may be designed as planar shaped, i.e. box cover is plate type, I.e. Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are also designed to taper, i.e. Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and the opening hook 47 of semicircle shape, 44 bottom of box cover are equipped at the top of box cover 44 Equipped with engagement frame 48,48 liang of outsides of engagement frame are equipped with grab II 49, and grab II 49 can mutually be clamped with grab I 46, connect It closes 48 bottom of frame and is equipped with and is surrounded by through-hole II 50 corresponding with through-hole I 45, through-hole I 45 and II 50 size of through-hole can one It causes, box cover 44 is embedded in 43 inside of box body by engagement frame 48, box cover 44 is pushed, and pass through the card in 48 liang of outsides of engagement frame I 46 phase of grab of 43 liang of insides of hook II 49 and box body is clamped, and assembles box body 43 and box cover 44 integral, the through-hole I after clamping 45 and through-hole II 50 be interconnected, the through-hole I 45 and II 50 suitable size deadlock aphid of through-hole sprout wings to fly out at aphid parasite.The box 44 weeks edge jointing edge frames 48 of lid extend 2mm or so, can prevent rainwater from drenching in box body 43, influence the stiff aphid in box body 43 Sprout wings into aphid parasite.

Stiff aphid is packed into box body cavity by certain amount, then box cover 44 and box body 43 are passed through grab II 49 and grab I 46 Mutually clamping is connected firmly, and by stiff aphid conserving case, tobacco field is transported in vanning, and tobacco grower is hung box cover 44 and box body 43 by hook 47 On cigarette pearl bar, it can be discharged from interconnected through-hole I 45 and through-hole II 50 after the stiff aphid in box body 43 sprouts wings into aphid parasite, It flies to parasitic tobacco aphid is removed on cigarette pearl, reaches biological control effect, it is left that 44 weeks edge jointing edge frames 48 of box cover extend 2mm The right side can prevent rainwater from drenching in box body 43, and the stiff aphid influenced in box body 43 sprouts wings into aphid parasite, through-hole I 45 and through-hole II 50 Can be before stiff aphid sprout wings into aphid parasite, while being stiff aphid ventilation, the pest for preventing other bigger than aphid parasite flies Enter.

The present invention picks up stiff aphid using machine automatically, quantitative separating at box, it can be achieved that factory floor metaplasia produces, greatly It is big to improve production efficiency, realize stiff aphid commercialization, allow aphid parasite become it is a kind of convenient for storing, being readily transported, convenient for circulation Commodity.Stiff aphid box transports after directly transporting or refrigerate, and tobacco grower is transferred to hang up in cigarette strain, after sprouting wings into aphid parasite, from box It climbs out of and finds aphid parasitism in the cigarette strain for fly to aphid, play the role of preventing and treating tobacco field aphid, it is a kind of convenient to provide for tobacco grower Aphid parasite method for releasing, promote and apply aphidius gifuensis can preferably on Pest Management of Tobacco.

Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than limits, although logical It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims

1. a method for picking, sub-packing and storing and releasing in selected quantities of aphid, is characterized in that: specifically comprise the following steps:

1) Picking and selection: Pick the tobacco seedlings with sclerotium aphid, push them into the picking and selecting device through the propulsion mechanism, use the picking and selecting device to quickly pluck the scorpion aphid from the tobacco seedlings, and then remove the sundries mixed in the scorpion aphid , output relatively pure aphids and collect them, and the clean waste tobacco seedlings that have been collected and selected are automatically spit out from the collection and selection device;

2) Quantitative packing: Input the dead aphid obtained in step 1) into the quantitative dispensing device, and adopt volumetric quantification. The volume can measure the number of dead aphids to achieve the purpose of counting; the size of the capacity hole and the number of openings are preset as required. , so as to limit the number of each stiff aphid; use the positive and negative air pressure to pack the stiff aphid: when the volume hole is in contact with the stiff aphid, the positive pressure will suck the stiff aphid into the volume hole; when the volume hole with the stiff aphid is aligned with the stiff aphid When the box is opened, turn off the positive pressure gas, turn on the negative pressure gas, blow the stiff aphid in the volume hole into the stiff aphid box at a time, and close the lid to realize the automatic packing of the stiff aphid;

3) Refrigeration: diapause treatment by refrigerating and refrigerating the aphid box for 1-15 days, which is mainly used to slow down the emergence time of the aphid, ensure the quality of the product, and meet the commercial operation of the aphid;

4) Transportation: According to the needs of users, the aphid boxes can be packed in batches, and labelled with the specific name, control object, control area, use period, use method and precautions, and then use ice packs to refrigerate according to climatic conditions and transportation time transportation.

2. a kind of rigid aphid according to claim 1 is collected and selected to pack and store and release method, it is characterized in that: generally quantitatively pack 500-1000 rigid aphids, and the capacity hole needs opening diameter 10-15mm, depth 10 mm. -15mm.

3. The method for picking, sub-packing and storing and releasing of a kind of stiff aphid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the positive and negative air pressures of air are controlled at 1.5-3KPa.

4. according to a kind of rigid aphid described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the rigid aphid box can be a cylindrical box or a square box, and the diameter of the cylindrical box is about 30-40mm, 20-35mm high, the square box is about 40mm*30mm*25mm in length, width and height, which includes the box body and the box cover. The box cover has 4-8 small holes with a diameter of 0.8-1.5mm or a length of 3m and a width of 2mm There are small hooks on the box cover, which are used to hang on the tobacco stems. The zombie aphid is put into the box and the lid is closed. When the zombie aphid in the box emerges into aphids, it is released from the small hole and flies out.

5. according to the method of picking and selecting quantity and storing and releasing of a kind of dead aphid according to any one of claims 1-4, it is characterized in that: the production workshop temperature of picking and selecting and quantitative packing process is controlled at 5-20 ℃ , the parking time is less than 3h, to prevent the premature emergence of aphids into aphids.

6 . The method for picking, sub-packaging and storing and releasing a kind of Aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature refrigerated storage is controlled at a temperature of 5°C-7°C and a humidity of 40-60%.

7. The method for picking, selecting, packing and storing and releasing a kind of dead aphid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the picking and selecting device comprises a rack (1), a feeding propulsion mechanism (11), a material feeding and discharging door mechanism (1). 12), a sieve cylinder (13), and a vibrating screen bucket (17); the frame (1) is provided with a feeding propulsion mechanism (11) and a sieve cylinder (13), and the feeding and discharging door mechanism (12) is installed on the feeding propulsion mechanism (12). Between the mechanism (11) and the sieve drum (13), a vibrating screen bucket (17) is installed on the lower side of the sieve drum (13). 5) Extend out of the frame (1); round holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the screen cylinder (13), and are installed on the frame (1) through the support base I (14), and a screen cylinder is installed at one end of the screen cylinder (13). The pulley (15), the screen drum (13) is provided with a brush roller (25), one end of the brush roller (25) is provided with a brush (24), and the other end extends through the screen drum pulley (15) to the outside and A brush roller pulley (16) is provided at the end, the screen drum pulley (15) is driven by the screen drum motor (18) through the belt connection, and the brush roller pulley (16) is driven by the brush roller motor (19) through the belt connection; A left cover (3) and a feeding cover (7) are arranged on the outside of the mechanism (11). The top of the left cover (3) is provided with a feeding slot (8) that communicates with the feeding propulsion mechanism (11). The left cover (3) An electrical controller (6) is arranged on the front side, and a middle cover (4) and a right cover (2) are arranged on the outer sides of the feeding and discharging door mechanism (12), the screen cylinder (13) and the brush roller (25).

8 . The method for picking, quantifying, packing and storing and releasing a kind of dead aphid according to claim 7 , characterized in that: the feeding and discharging door mechanism ( 12 ) comprises a fixed door plate ( 27 ), a micro motor ( 28 ), The left bearing seat (29), the right bearing seat (30), the rotating shaft (31), the discharge door plate (32), the feeding port (33), and the fixed door plate (27) are fixedly installed on the frame (1), fixed The door panel (27) is in the shape of "n" as a whole, the lower side is a rectangular opening, the upper side is provided with a feeding port (33), the rectangular opening is provided with a discharging door panel (32), and the top of the discharging door panel (32) is fixed on the rotating On the shaft (31), the rotating shaft (31) is installed on the fixed door plate (27) through the left bearing seat (29) and the right bearing seat (30), and the rotating shaft (31) is driven by the micro motor (28); 13) A spiral brush (26) is evenly installed on the inner wall along the axial direction, and a discharge chute (23) installed on the frame (1) is arranged on the front side of the discharge door (32). The frame (1) A waste tobacco seedling outlet (10) is arranged on the side wall of the shovel, and the discharge chute (23) is communicated with the waste tobacco seedling outlet (10); the brushes (26) are provided with 3-8 pieces, and the brushes (26) are It is made of soft elastic rubber and plastic material; the feeding propulsion mechanism (11) includes a feeding micromotor (37), a screw nut (38), a supporting shaft (39), a propulsion plate (40), and a supporting seat II (41), The support base II (41) is installed in the left housing (3) through the support shaft (39), and a screw nut (38) is installed on the support base II (41). The screw nut (38) is fed by a feeding micromotor (37). ) drive, the push plate (40) is fixed on the nut of the screw nut (38), the discharge end of the feed push mechanism (11) is aligned with the feed port (33) on the in and out door mechanism (12); the vibrating screen bucket (17) A coarse screen tray (35) and a stiff aphid screen tray (34) are installed from top to bottom. The coarse screen tray (35) and the stiff aphid screen tray (34) are inclined downward. 17) A coarse screen material outlet (9) aligned with the lower end of the coarse screen tray (35) is arranged on the side wall, the lower end of the stiff aphid screen tray (34) is aligned with the stiff aphid outlet (5), and the bottom plate of the vibrating screen bucket (17) is opened. There is an outlet (36) for fine debris, and the vibrating screen bucket (17) is driven by a vibrating motor (42). ), the air outlet pipe (22), the air inlet end of the air supply pipe (21) is connected to the micro fan (20), the air outlet end is connected to the bottom of the rigid aphid outlet (5), and an air outlet pipe is set at the top of the rigid aphid outlet (5). (twenty two).

9 . The method for picking, quantifying, packing and storing and releasing of a kind of stiff aphid according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the diameter of the circular hole on the sieve cylinder is 3-10mm.

10. a kind of selection and quantitative packing and storage and releasing method of a kind of stiff aphid according to claim 1 are characterized in that: the picking and quantitative packing of stiff aphid can be realized with two machines respectively, and two machines can also be used. The technology is connected in series to realize the automatic selection of the dead aphid and the quantitative sub-packaging production line.