CN109193809A - A kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix - Google Patents

A kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix Download PDF

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CN109193809A
CN109193809A CN201810920517.0A CN201810920517A CN109193809A CN 109193809 A CN109193809 A CN 109193809A CN 201810920517 A CN201810920517 A CN 201810920517A CN 109193809 A CN109193809 A CN 109193809A
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node
security
optimization
electric system
sensitivity
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CN109193809B (en
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卫志农
朱梓荣
孙国强
臧海洋
朱瑛
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Hohai University HHU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix analyzes the specific requirements of Security corrective problem first according to the application scenarios of Security corrective;Then according to the specific requirements of Security corrective problem, 0-1 variable and continuous variable Analytical Expression adjustment number of devices and equipment adjustment amount is introduced, Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization is constructed;Secondly, being assigned to different magnitude of weight to load bus and generator node, while multi-objective optimization question is converted to by single-object problem using Maximum Approach;Then, the absolute value term being introduced into intermediate variable cancellation objective function, analyzes the constraint condition of Security corrective problem, and state it using sensitivity matrix;Finally solved using branch and bound method (the DICOPT solver of optimization software GAMS).The present invention can effectively make up traditional sensitivity class Security corrective method deficiency, effectively reduce the number of devices and adjustment amount that correction is related to, improve the reasonability of cutting load scheme.

Description

A kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix, belongs to power train System correlative technology field.
Background technique
Electric system strategy for security correction eliminates the overload of system by adjusting the means of generator output and reduction plans Situation.The sensitivity class method of conventional security correction is true to the sensitivity of branch active power by node active injection power It is fixed to add, subtract power output node, and it is ranked up according to the size of sensitivity absolute value, then successively selected according to ranking results Select it is a pair of plus, subtract power output node (control node group) and be adjusted until out-of-limit elimination.
In order to maintain the power-balance of system, each pair of control node group abides by equal and opposite quantities in pairs always in adjustment process Principle namely each pair of adjustment amount for adding, subtracting power output node are equal.Therefore, when in certain with higher sensitivity control node groups There are when the less node of adjustable amount, the regulating power of the control node group is played you can't get effective.And sensitivity class The form that method multi-pass artificially formulates adjustment rule excessively is adjusted, and gained scheduling scheme is difficult to be optimal, and causes to participate in adjusting The number of devices of section is excessive, and the adjustment amount of system is excessive.
Although prior art combines sensitivity with optimization method, the primary sequence that it is adjusted is still according to sensitivity The sequence of size carries out, therefore, it is impossible to play the advantage of optimization method well.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of based on spirit for defect involved in background technique The electric system strategy for security correction optimization method of sensitive matrix, effectively combines sensitivity class method and optimization method respectively Advantage, improve the reasonability and high efficiency of Adjusted Option.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
The present invention provides a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix, comprising steps of
Comprising steps of
Step 1) analyzes the specific requirements of Security corrective problem according to the application scenarios of electric system strategy for security correction;
Step 2) introduces 0-1 variable and the adjustment of continuous variable Analytical Expression is set according to the specific requirements of Security corrective problem Standby number and equipment adjustment amount, construct Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Step 3) is assigned to different magnitude of weight to load bus and generator node, while will be walked using Maximum Approach It is rapid 2) in Model for Multi-Objective Optimization be converted to single object optimization model;
Step 4), the single object optimization model being introduced into the simplified step 3) of intermediate variable, analysis single object optimization model Constraint condition, and constraint condition is stated using sensitivity matrix;
Step 5) carries out solution procedure 4 using branch and bound method) obtained Optimized model, obtain Security corrective problem Optimal solution, to complete the correction optimization of electric system active power security.
As further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 1), the specific requirements of Security corrective problem include two A aspect: 1. in the case where meeting each item constraint of system, the minimum node number that adjustment is related to is determined;2. in minimum adjustment section Under points, the least Adjusted Option of selected equipment adjustment amount.
As further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 2), Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization includes:
Adjust the least objective function of number of nodes:
The least objective function of equipment adjustment amount:
In formula, i is node serial number;nbFor the interstitial content of system;0-1 variable biCharacterize the adjustment state of node i, diTable Levy the active power adjustment amount of node i.
As further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 3), the objective function of single object optimization model are as follows:
In formula, WiIndicate that node i adjusts state biWeight;Wi *Indicate node i active power adjustment amount diWeight;M is one Maximal number.
As further technical solution of the present invention, in the step 4), be introduced into intermediate variable simplify step 3) in list Objective optimization model obtains:
In formula, di1And di2For non-negative intermediate variable;
Constraint condition are as follows:
In formula, M' is a minimum number;Pl 0Indicate the initial active power on route l,It is limited for the thermostabilization of route l Value;Pi For the lower limit of node i active injection, Pi 0Indicate the initial active injection of node i,For the upper limit of node i active injection; SliIt is route l to the sensitivity coefficient of node i, is the i-th column element of l row in the sensitivity matrix S of system.
As further technical solution of the present invention, the sensitivity of route active power is stated using node injecting power System power variation, describes sensitivity of the node to branch using DC Model:
S=B'AB-1
In formula, diagonal matrix that B' is made of branch admittance;B is the square matrix being made of the imaginary part of node admittance matrix;A It is branch-node incidence matrix of network;S is the sensitivity matrix of system.
As further technical solution of the present invention, when being connected to generator in node i, WiValue be 1, Wi *Value It is 0.01;When in node i without generator, WiValue be 100, Wi *Value be 1;The value of M' is 10-6
As further technical solution of the present invention, carried out in step 5) using the DICOPT solver of optimization software GAMS It solves.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that the present invention passes through introducing The form of 0-1 variable and continuous variable, Analytical Expression adjustment number of devices is minimum and adjustment amount the smallest objective function, base All kinds of constraint conditions of satisfaction needed for correction course are described in sensitivity matrix, efficiently combine the solution of sensitivity class method The advantage of optimal solution can be obtained in simple and optimization class method.Meanwhile the present invention is by introducing intermediate variable and increasing the side of constraint Formula has eliminated the absorption part in adjustment flow function, effectively increases the solution efficiency of model.In addition, the present invention is to each section The deferrable load of point is limited, and the reasonability of cutting load scheme is effectively increased.To sum up, the present invention can quickly eliminate system In overload situations, avoid as far as possible cutting load act generation, reduce Security corrective caused by economic loss.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the embodiment is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this hair It is bright, and be not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art can understand that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill Art term and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also It should be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have and the context of the prior art In the consistent meaning of meaning will not be solved and unless defined as here with idealization or meaning too formal It releases.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific example:
A kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix, comprising steps of
Step 1) analyzes the specific requirements of Security corrective problem according to the application scenarios of electric system strategy for security correction;
Step 2) introduces 0-1 variable and the adjustment of continuous variable Analytical Expression is set according to the specific requirements of Security corrective problem Standby number and equipment adjustment amount, construct Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Step 3) is assigned to different magnitude of weight to load bus and generator node, while will be walked using Maximum Approach It is rapid 2) in Model for Multi-Objective Optimization be converted to single object optimization model;
Step 4) is introduced into the absolute value term in intermediate variable cancellation step 3) in the objective function of single object optimization model, The constraint condition of single object optimization model is analyzed, and it is stated using sensitivity matrix;
Step 5) carries out solution procedure 4 using branch and bound method (the DICOPT solver of optimization software GAMS)) obtain Optimized model obtains the optimal solution of Security corrective problem, to complete the correction optimization of electric system active power security.
Further, in the step 1), power system security correction mostly in system jam, when there is circuit overload into Row, the overload situations by adjusting the means of generator output and reduction plans, in elimination system;To guarantee that system is quickly extensive The multiple state to safe operation, adjustment equipment involved in correction course should be lacked as far as possible, and should also use up can for the adjustment amount of equipment Can be small, to guarantee the overload situations in quick elimination system;Therefore, there is following two requirement for Adjusted Option: (1) Number of nodes involved in adjusting will lack enough;(2) in the case where the number of nodes that adjustment is related to is few enough, section is reduced as far as possible The power adjustment of point.So being related to two levels with the Optimization Method above problem: 1. meeting each item constraint of system In the case where, determine the minimum node number that adjustment is related to;2. due to being adjusted under number of nodes in minimum, it is understood that there may be a variety of adjustment Therefore scheme need to continue to optimize the power adjustment of node, so that it is least to choose adjustment amount on the basis of 1. One group of scheme.
Further, in the step 2), according to the demand of Security corrective problem, it should ensure that the adjustment being related in correction course Equipment is few enough, and equipment adjustment amount answer it is sufficiently small, therefore, the present invention by strategy for security correction problem be expressed as one with adjust Finishing equipment number at least and system call interception amount be at least target multi-objective optimization question, wherein adjust number of devices be main Target;Parsing statement is carried out in order to exchange finishing equipment number and adjustment amount, present invention introduces 0-1 variable biCharacterize the tune of node i Whole state, wherein 0 indicates that the node is not involved in adjusting, 1 indicates that the node participates in adjusting;Meanwhile introducing variable diIt characterizes respectively The active power adjustment amount of node i.Therefore, the least objective function of number of nodes is adjusted are as follows:
The least objective function of equipment adjustment amount are as follows:
In formula, i is node serial number;nbFor the interstitial content of system.
Further, in the step 3), during Security corrective, generator node is in the form of adjusting generator output It participates in adjusting, and load bus participates in adjusting in the form of cutting load.In order to guarantee certain economic benefit, should avoid as far as possible Cutting load movement occurs, and reduces cutting load amount as far as possible.For this purpose, generator node and load bus are assigned to not by the present invention With the weight of magnitude, by f1And f2It is transformed into f3And f4:
In formula, WiIndicate the weight of node i adjustment state;Wi *Indicate the weight of node i active power adjustment amount.To guarantee correction Generator node is preferentially adjusted in the process, the adjustment cost of load bus should be made much larger than generator node, for this purpose, of the invention The weight for choosing generator node adjustment state is 1, and the weight that load bus adjusts state is 100.Meanwhile load tune should be made The cost of whole amount is much larger than generator adjustment amount, and in order to avoid it has an impact adjustment number of nodes part, the present invention takes negative The weight of lotus adjustment amount is 1, and the weight of generator adjustment amount is 0.01.
Since the demand of Security corrective problem is to advanced optimize tune on the basis of preferential determining minimum adjustment number of nodes Whole amount, present invention introduces maximum M (present invention take its value be 1000) by f3And f4Merge into f5, so that multi-objective problem be turned It is melted into single-object problem, the complexity of model is reduced, improves the solution efficiency of model;Due to depositing for maximum M The interstitial content for participating in adjusting can be preferentially being determined in solution procedure, then system call interception amount is being optimized, therefore can be with Meet the needs of Security corrective problem:
Further, in the step 4), since, there are absolute value term, the solution for considerably increasing model is difficult in objective function Degree, present invention introduces non-negative intermediate variable d thusi1And di2To f5It is transformed, eliminates the absolute value term in objective function, change Objective function after making are as follows:
In order to guarantee di1+di2Can restore | di| value, the present invention increases following constraint in a model:
Due to containing Constraints of Equilibrium d in above-mentioned constrainti1di2=0, such constraint makes its derived function be unsatisfactory for continuously leading Property, it can bring challenges to model solution, for this purpose, the present invention relaxes the constraint, be converted into a certain extent di1di2≤ M', wherein M' is a minimum number, and it is 10 that the present invention, which takes its value,-6
Due to introducing 0-1 variable, the solution difficulty of problem be increased, and traditional non-linear power equilibrium equation is unfavorable for Model solution, for this purpose, the present invention is changed using sensitivity statement system power of the node injecting power to route active power, Sensitivity of the node to branch is described using DC Model:
S=B'AB-1
In formula, diagonal matrix that B' is made of branch admittance;B is the square matrix being made of the imaginary part of node admittance matrix;A It is branch-node incidence matrix of network;S is the sensitivity matrix of system, it describes route effective power flow and node injection Relationship between power;Its element SliReferred to as route l indicates that active injection changes single in node i to the sensitivity coefficient of node i When place value, the effective power flow variable quantity of branch l is Sli
Therefore, other than the related constraint of intermediate variable, Security corrective problem should also meet following constraint:
Wherein, the 1st article of formula indicates that the active power of route l after adjustment is less than its thermostabilization limit value allowed, in formula, Pl 0 Indicate the initial active power on route l,For the thermostabilization limit value of route l;2nd article of formula indicates to tie up during adjustment The power-balance of system is held, all increased active injections of node are equal with the active injection of all node reductions;3rd article of formula The adjustment amount of subrepresentation node will meet its limit value, in formula, Pi 0At the beginning of indicating that the initial active injection of node i, value are generator The difference for the power output and node initial load of beginning,P iFor the lower limit of node i active injection, for generator node, value 0 is right In load bus, to avoid having an impact important load, the present invention take its value for node the phase with burden with power absolute value Instead 30% (namely having 30% insignificant load that can cut off in node i, can specifically be configured by actual conditions) of number,For the upper limit of node i active injection, for generator node, value is the maximum output that generator allows, for load section Point, value 0;4th article of formula indicates biFor 0-1 variable.
Work as b it can be seen from the 3rd article of formulaiWhen value is 1, node i participates in adjusting, at this point, the node active injection power The upper limit beLower limit isPi , therefore, regulated quantity diIt is not 0;And work as biWhen value is 0, node i is not involved in adjusting, at this point, The upper and lower limit of its active injection power is Pi 0, therefore, regulated quantity dPiPerseverance is 0;This processing mode can avoid solving Occur node in journey and is not involved in adjusting, and the case where its regulated quantity is not 0, so that the accuracy of model be effectively ensured.
Further, it in the step 5), is asked using branch and bound method (the DICOPT solver of optimization software GAMS) Solution obtains the optimal solution of Security corrective problem.
The above, the only specific embodiment in the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, appoints What is familiar with the people of the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, it will be appreciated that expects transforms or replaces, and should all cover Within scope of the invention, therefore, the scope of protection of the invention shall be subject to the scope of protection specified in the patent claim.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Step 1) analyzes the specific requirements of Security corrective problem according to the application scenarios of electric system strategy for security correction;
Step 2) introduces 0-1 variable and continuous variable Analytical Expression adjusts number of devices according to the specific requirements of Security corrective problem Mesh and equipment adjustment amount construct Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization;
Step 3) is assigned to different magnitude of weight to load bus and generator node, while using Maximum Approach by step 2) In Model for Multi-Objective Optimization be converted to single object optimization model;
Step 4), the single object optimization model being introduced into the simplified step 3) of intermediate variable, analyzes the constraint of single object optimization model Condition, and constraint condition is stated using sensitivity matrix;
Step 5) carries out solution procedure 4 using branch and bound method) obtained Optimized model, obtain the optimal of Security corrective problem Solution, to complete the correction optimization of electric system active power security.
2. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, in the step 1), the specific requirements of Security corrective problem include two aspects: 1. meeting each item constraint of system In the case where, determine the minimum node number that adjustment is related to;2. in the case where minimum adjusts number of nodes, the least tune of selected equipment adjustment amount Perfect square case.
3. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, in the step 2), Security corrective Model for Multi-Objective Optimization includes:
Adjust the least objective function of number of nodes:
The least objective function of equipment adjustment amount:
In formula, i is node serial number;nbFor the interstitial content of system;0-1 variable biCharacterize the adjustment state of node i, diCharacterization section The active power adjustment amount of point i.
4. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 3, It is characterized in that, in the step 3), the objective function of single object optimization model are as follows:
In formula, WiIndicate that node i adjusts state biWeight;Wi *Indicate node i active power adjustment amount diWeight;M is one very big Number.
5. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 4, It is characterized in that, in the step 4), is introduced into the single object optimization model that intermediate variable simplifies in step 3) and obtains:
In formula, di1And di2For non-negative intermediate variable;
Constraint condition are as follows:
In formula, M' is a minimum number;Pl 0Indicate the initial active power on route l,For the thermostabilization limit value of route l;PiFor The lower limit of node i active injection, Pi 0Indicate the initial active injection of node i,For the upper limit of node i active injection;SliFor line Road l is the i-th column element of l row in the sensitivity matrix S of system to the sensitivity coefficient of node i.
6. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 5, It is characterized in that, is changed using sensitivity statement system power of the node injecting power to route active power, using DC Model Sensitivity of the node to branch is described:
S=B'AB-1
In formula, diagonal matrix that B' is made of branch admittance;B is the square matrix being made of the imaginary part of node admittance matrix;A is net The branch of network-node incidence matrix;S is the sensitivity matrix of system.
7. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 5, It is characterized in that, when being connected to generator in node i, WiValue be 1, Wi *Value be 0.01;When in node i without generator When, WiValue be 100, Wi *Value be 1;The value of M' is 10-6
8. a kind of electric system strategy for security correction optimization method based on sensitivity matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, is solved in step 5) using the DICOPT solver of optimization software GAMS.
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