Wet-type ultrasonic vibration sieve
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ore dressing, and relates to a wet ultrasonic vibrating screen.
Background
The screening analysis is a process of dividing materials into a plurality of granularity levels by passing the materials through a series of sieves with different mesh sizes, is an important method for the granularity composition of the analyzed materials in the field of mineral separation, and has important application in the fields of mineral processing research and production.
At present, the screening of materials involved in the beneficiation process is generally carried out in laboratories by the following methods:
1. the dry screening can be directly carried out when the material contains less water and mud, has regular shape, has less strict requirement on analysis result and has thicker screening granularity (generally larger than 0.074 mm). The disadvantages are as follows: because wet screening and grinding are generally adopted in the ore dressing process, the ground product has fine granularity, a argillization phenomenon exists, the water content of the product is high, dry screening is difficult to directly apply, and more wet screening and grinding are only used as subsequent auxiliary operation of screening operation; dry screening is also difficult to separate effectively for some mineral particle ultra-fine screens with small specific gravity (e.g., 0.01mm screening of coal slurry particles) and some mineral particle ultra-fine screens with irregular shapes (e.g., 0.01mm screening of sheet silicate mineral mica).
2. Wet sieve, what produce usually at first in the process of grinding ore is wet sieve to fine material, be about to put into clear water with the suitable sieve of mesh size sieve, pour fine material on the sifting surface, then make the material on the sifting surface vibrate along with it through mechanical physics vibration to sieve the material that is less than mesh size into water, the material that is greater than mesh size is stayed on the sifting surface, and screening can only be ended when the clear water under the sieve can not become turbid again, finally reaches the hierarchical purpose of screening. The disadvantages are as follows: unlike dry screening, the screening process can be accomplished by means of various mechanical vibratory screens. At present, when wet screening is carried out in a laboratory, physical mechanical vibration is generally generated in a manual screening mode, so that the problem of low screening efficiency exists in the screening process, and particularly the problem of low screening efficiency is particularly prominent for materials of some fine materials (the granularity is below 0.037 mm). Meanwhile, because fine-grained minerals have extremely high surface energy, the flocculation phenomenon exists on more or less fine particles (generally below 0.037 mm) of most minerals in water, and the particle size is obviously increased after the particles are flocculated, so that the sieving result is seriously deviated. In addition, the continuous wet screening in a hand screening mode is a great test for the skill and physical strength of operators, and the final screening effect is not ideal. Therefore, the existing wet screening mode in the laboratory has certain defects to be further improved or optimized.
3. And (3) dry-wet combined mixed screening, namely combining dry screening and wet screening, wherein the ground ore product is subjected to wet screening firstly, and then the screened material is dried and then subjected to dry screening operation. The operation main body and key of the device are wet screening operation, and the dry screening operation only plays a subsequent auxiliary role.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides equipment capable of remarkably improving screening efficiency, which combines ultrasonic, reciprocating motion and a wet screening process well, is different from general physical vibration generated by a hand screen, and ultrasonic vibration waves are superposed on a screen surface in the material wet screening process, so that fine materials on the screen surface are always kept in a suspended and dispersed state in the screening process, and the material screening efficiency and effect can be remarkably improved.
A wet-type ultrasonic vibration sieve comprises a machine base 1, a hanging basin 2, a reciprocating motor 3, a coupling converter 4, a rigid support 5, a sieve 6, an ultrasonic generator 10 and a slide block 17; the machine base 1 is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer of the machine base 1 is an unsealed box body, the lower layer of the machine base 1 is a closed structure, the ultrasonic generator 10 is arranged in the closed structure of the lower layer of the machine base 1 and is tightly attached to the bottom of the upper layer box body of the machine base 1, the hanging basin 2 is arranged in the upper layer box body of the machine base 1, the rigid support 5 is transversely arranged on the hanging basin 2, a through hole is formed in the middle of the rigid support 5, the sieve 6 is arranged in the through hole, the rigid support 5 is formed by connecting a rigid support component I8 and a rigid support component II 11 through bolts, the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 form the through hole after being assembled, the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 are respectively provided with two support legs, the two opposite sides of the upper layer box body of the machine base 1 are respectively provided with a sliding groove I13, the reciprocating motor 3 and the connection converter 4 are arranged in the T-shaped groove 18, the connection converter 4 is provided with a shaft hole 16, the shaft hole 16 is connected with the output end of the reciprocating motor 3, the side surface of the connection converter 4 is also provided with a pin hole 15, the pin hole 15 is not communicated with the shaft hole 16, two support legs on the rigid support component I8 are arranged in the pin hole 15 on the connection converter 4, a sliding block 17 is arranged in the sliding groove II 14, the sliding block 17 is of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the two support legs of the rigid support component II 11 penetrate through the sliding block.
The reciprocating motor 3 is connected with a reciprocating motor controller 7, the reciprocating motor controller 7 controls starting, stopping and running speeds of the reciprocating motor 3, the type of the reciprocating motor 3 is a three-phase motor WF-GW31ZY, and the reciprocating motor controller 7 is a PWM direct current motor 24V speed regulation controller.
The ultrasonic generator 10 is connected with an ultrasonic generator controller 12, the ultrasonic generator controller 12 controls the start, stop, power and running time of the ultrasonic generator 10, the ultrasonic generator controller 12 is a conventional commercially available controller, and the ultrasonic generator 10 comprises a 200W variable frequency adjustable circuit board and 2 ultrasonic transducers (vibrators).
The number of the rigid supports 5 is more than one, the rigid supports 5 are connected in parallel on the connection converter 4, and the reciprocating motor 3 reciprocates and simultaneously drives the connection converter and the rigid supports 5 to reciprocate.
The hanging basin 2 is provided with more than 2 hanging hooks 19, and the hanging basin 2 is hung on the opposite side wall of the base 1 through the hanging hooks 19.
And the support legs of the rigid support assembly II 11 and the sliding block 17 are fixed through bolts 9.
When the device is used, firstly, two support legs of a rigid support assembly I8 are inserted into two pin holes 15 on a connection converter 4 of a sliding groove I13 to fix the rigid support assembly I8, two support legs of a rigid support assembly II 11 are inserted into a sliding block 17 inside a sliding groove II 14 of a machine base 1, then the rigid support assembly I8 and the rigid support assembly II 11 are fixedly connected through bolts, then the support legs of the rigid support assembly II 11 and the sliding block 17 are fixed through the bolts 9, a through hole of a rigid support 5 is formed between the rigid support assembly I8 and the rigid support assembly II 11, a sieve 6 with proper sieve mesh size required by an experiment is placed into the through hole of the rigid support 5, then clear water is injected into an upper box body of the machine base 1 along a gap between a hanging basin 2 and an upper box body of the machine base 1, so that the clear water fully fills the gap between the hanging basin 2 and the, so as to conduct the ultrasonic vibration to the hanging basin 2 through the water layer, then inject clean water into the hanging basin 2, adjust the liquid level in the hanging basin 2, feed the material to be screened onto the screen surface of the screen 6, start the reciprocating motor 3 and the ultrasonic generator 10, and realize the screening of the material under the combined action of the mechanical vibration and the ultrasonic vibration.
The invention has the advantages of
(1) The ultrasonic vibration and reciprocating mechanical vibration combined wet screening device well combines the ultrasonic vibration and reciprocating motion with the wet screening process, and the ultrasonic vibration and reciprocating mechanical vibration are superposed on the screen surface, so that materials are always kept in a suspension and dispersion state in the wet screening process, the phenomenon of fine particle flocculation is effectively avoided, and screened particles can quickly pass through the screen surface, and the screening efficiency and the screening effect of the wet screening are obviously improved.
(2) The invention can also play a role in preventing net blocking factors such as adhesion, friction, horizontal falling, wedging and the like on the screen surface, and solves the screening problems of strong adsorbability, irregular shape, small material specific gravity and the like; because the sieve is strict classification equipment, and is different from hydroclassification equipment such as a cyclone or a elutriator, a screened product with good screening effect and accurate particle size distribution can be obtained by using the sieve for screening.
(3) The invention is beneficial to the research and operation of basic experiments such as laboratory material screening and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a wet ultrasonic vibration screen according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic structural view of a reciprocating motor part of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve base according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a wet ultrasonic vibration sieve suspension basin in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sectional view of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve base, an ultrasonic generator, and a hanging tub according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. .
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rigid support and screen combination of a wet ultrasonic vibration screen according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rigid support of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a rigid support assembly II of the wet ultrasonic vibration screen in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve coupling converter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a particle size analysis of calcite granules having a particle size of 10-40 μm sieved by the elutriation method;
FIG. 12 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of 10 to 40 μm sieved using the wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve of example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of-10 μm sieved by the elutriation method;
FIG. 14 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of-10 μm sieved using the wet type ultrasonic vibration sieve of example 1 according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1-machine base, 2-hanging basin, 3-reciprocating motor, 4-coupling converter, 5-rigid support, 6-sieve, 7-reciprocating motor controller, 8-rigid support component I, 9-bolt, 10-ultrasonic generator, 11-rigid support component II, 12-ultrasonic generator controller, 13-sliding chute I, 14-sliding chute II, 15-pin hole, 16-shaft hole, 17-sliding block, 18-T-shaped groove, 19-hanging hook and 20-clamping groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A wet-type ultrasonic vibration sieve is shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 and comprises a machine base 1, a hanging basin 2, a reciprocating motor 3, a coupling converter 4, a rigid support 5, a sieve 6, a reciprocating motor controller 7, a bolt 9, an ultrasonic generator 10, an ultrasonic generator controller 12, a slide block 17 and a hanging hook 19; the machine base 1 is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer of the machine base 1 is an unsealed box body, a stainless steel basin is arranged inside the upper layer of the machine base 1, a hanging basin 2 is arranged in the stainless steel basin of the upper layer of the machine base 1, 4 hanging hooks 19 are arranged on the hanging basin 2, the hanging basins are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the hanging basin 2 in pairs, the hanging basins 2 are hung on opposite side walls of the machine base 1 through the 4 hanging hooks 19, clamping grooves 20 matched with the hanging hooks 19 are formed in the opposite side walls of the machine base 1, the hanging hooks 19 are stably placed in the clamping grooves 20, the lower layer of the machine base 1 is of a closed structure, an ultrasonic generator 10 is arranged in the closed structure of the lower layer of the machine base 1 and is tightly attached to the bottom of the stainless steel basin of the upper layer of the machine base 1 and is positioned below the hanging basin 2, the ultrasonic generator 10 is connected with an ultrasonic generator controller 12, the ultrasonic generator controller 12 controls, the ultrasonic generator 10 comprises a 200W frequency conversion adjustable circuit board and 2 ultrasonic transducers (vibrators), a rigid support 5 is transversely arranged on a hanging basin 2, a through hole is formed in the middle of the rigid support 5, a sieve 6 is placed in the through hole, the rigid support 5 is formed by connecting a rigid support component I8 and a rigid support component II 11 through bolts, the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 are assembled to form the through hole, two support legs are respectively arranged on the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11, two opposite sides of a machine base 1 are respectively provided with a sliding groove I13 and a sliding groove II 14, the upper-layer box body of the machine base 1 on one side of the sliding groove I13 is provided with a T-shaped groove 18, the sliding groove I13 is communicated with the T-shaped groove 18, a reciprocating motor 3 and a connecting converter 4 are arranged in the T-shaped groove 18, the reciprocating motor 3 is connected with a reciprocating, The running speed is that the model of the reciprocating motor 3 is a triple-topology motor WF-GW31ZY, the reciprocating motor controller 7 is a 24V speed regulation controller of a PWM direct current motor, a shaft hole 16 is arranged on the connection converter 4, the shaft hole 16 is connected with the output end of the reciprocating motor 3, the output end of the reciprocating motor 3 is provided with an external thread, an internal thread is arranged in the shaft hole 16 of the connection converter 4, the external thread of the output end of the reciprocating motor 3 is matched with the internal thread in the shaft hole 16 of the connection converter 4 to realize the connection of the reciprocating motor 3 and the connection converter 4, the output end of the reciprocating motor 3 drives the connection converter 4 to reciprocate when reciprocating, two pin holes 15 are also arranged on the side surface of the connection converter 4, the pin holes 15 are not communicated with the shaft hole 16, two support legs on the rigid support component I8 are arranged in the two pin, the sliding block 17 is of a hollow cylindrical structure, two support legs of the rigid support assembly II 11 penetrate through the two sliding blocks 17 respectively, the support legs of the rigid support assembly II 11 are fixed with the sliding blocks 17 through bolts 9, and the hanging basin 2 is made of plastic materials.
When the device is used, firstly, two support legs of a rigid support component I8 are inserted into two pin holes 15 on a connection converter 4 of a sliding groove I13 of a machine base 1 to realize the fixation of the rigid support component I8, two support legs of a rigid support component II 11 are inserted into two sliding blocks 17 inside a sliding groove II 14, then the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 are fixedly connected through bolts, then the support legs of the rigid support component II 11 and the sliding blocks 17 are fixed through the bolts 9, a through hole of a rigid support 5 is formed between the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11, a sieve 6 with proper sieve mesh size required by an experiment is placed into the through hole of the rigid support 5, the upper edge of the sieve 6 can be just placed at the edge of the through hole of the rigid support 5, and then clear water is injected into a stainless steel basin of an upper box body of the machine base 1 along a gap between a, clean water is fully filled in a gap between an upper layer box body of a machine base 1 and a hanging basin 2 so as to transmit ultrasonic vibration to the hanging basin 2 through a water layer, then the clean water is injected into the hanging basin 2, the liquid level in the hanging basin 2 is adjusted to be about 2cm higher than a screen mesh on the bottom surface of a screen, a material to be screened is fed onto the screen surface of the screen 6, a reciprocating motor controller 7 and an ultrasonic generator controller 12 respectively start a reciprocating motor 3 and an ultrasonic generator 10, screening of the material under the combined action of mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration can be realized, after screening is finished, the reciprocating motor controller 7 and the ultrasonic generator controller 12 respectively close the reciprocating motor 3 and the ultrasonic generator 10, equipment stops running, a bolt 9 is loosened, a support leg of a rigid support component II 11 slides in a slide block 17 hole on the same straight line, and then a bolt connecting the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 is loosened, the rigid support 5 is divided into two parts, the sieve 6 is detached, then the rigid support component I8 and the rigid support component II 11 are respectively pulled out of the sliding groove I13 and the sliding groove II 14 in sequence, the rigid support 5 can be completely detached from the equipment, finally the hanging basin 2 is taken out of the machine base 1, and undersize materials are obtained in the hanging basin 2.
Taking screening of calcite as an example, when calcite particles are smaller than 40 μm, a calcite aqueous solution is alkaline, so that the electrostatic repulsion between particles is weakened, the specific surface energy is large, the particles are obviously influenced by van der waals force and hydrophobic attraction, and the particles are easy to flocculate, so that the fine particles in a final product cannot be completely removed due to the fact that the fine particles are easily agglomerated into coarse particles by the flocculate, mutual interference between the flocculate and the particles in a sedimentation process is caused, a final sedimentation result is influenced, and the product granularity is inaccurate. Comparing the conventional water-out screening and the screening using the wet ultrasonic vibration sieve of this example, the particle size analysis was performed using a malvern laser particle size analyzer (model number MASTERSIZER 2000), fig. 11 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of 10 to 40 μm screened by the water-out method, and it can be found that the product obtained by the water-out method has significant entrainment of fine particles, and fig. 12 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of 10 to 40 μm screened by the wet ultrasonic vibration sieve of example 1, and it can be found that the product obtained has no entrainment of fine particles; fig. 13 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of-10 μm sieved by a elutriation method, fig. 14 is a particle size analysis of calcite particles having a particle size of-10 μm sieved by the wet ultrasonic vibration sieve of example 1, and a comparison between fig. 13 and fig. 14 shows that, when the elutriation method is adopted, the calcite particles are difficult to control at an optimal sedimentation concentration during sedimentation, so that the particles interfere with each other, the upper limit of the elutriation is influenced, and the overall particle size of the calcite particles having a particle size of-10 μm is coarse, but the problem does not occur when the wet ultrasonic vibration sieve of example 1 is adopted, so that a particle curve obtained by the ultrasonic vibration sieve is more accurate than that of the elutriation curve.
In order to improve the screening efficiency, a plurality of rigid supports 5 can be arranged, each rigid support is connected with the rigid support 5 in the same way, the rigid supports 5 are arranged in the hanging basin 2 side by side and connected in parallel to more than one connecting converter 4, and are connected with the output end of the reciprocating motor 3 through the connecting converters 4, the reciprocating motor 3 reciprocates and drives the connecting converters and the rigid supports 5 to reciprocate, so that a plurality of screens can be placed for screening at the same time, the screening effect is obvious, and the screening efficiency is improved.