CN109158555B - Casting method for improving material consumption rate of 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot - Google Patents
Casting method for improving material consumption rate of 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN109158555B CN109158555B CN201811056215.XA CN201811056215A CN109158555B CN 109158555 B CN109158555 B CN 109158555B CN 201811056215 A CN201811056215 A CN 201811056215A CN 109158555 B CN109158555 B CN 109158555B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a casting method for improving the material consumption rate of 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingots, which comprises the steps of adding an insulating refractory mud ring for casting materials on the top of the existing steel mould, arranging a metal conductive ring on the inner wall of the insulating refractory mud ring, arranging a protective slag layer at the bottom of the steel mould, wherein in the casting process of a down-casting method, the protective slag floats upwards to protect molten steel, and when the protective slag enters the insulating refractory mud ring and contacts with the metal conductive ring, a power supply forms a loop, and the protective slag generates heat due to the resistance value of the protective slag and properly supplements heat and preserves heat for the molten steel at the lower part of the protective slag. The protective slag layer is paved on the top of the molten steel in the pouring process, so that the effects of preventing oxidation of the molten steel and protecting penetration of impurities can be achieved; the defects of scabbing, heavy skin, shrinkage cavity, cracks, looseness, segregation and the like which are easily formed on the upper layer of the steel ingot are eliminated, and the quality of the steel ingot and the material consumption rate of later processing of the steel ingot are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a pouring method capable of improving the material utilization rate of steel ingots.
Background
The alloy steel smelting technology develops along the direction of improving productivity, simplifying process, reducing production cost and improving steel quality, and the characteristics of the alloy steel smelting technology are mainly that trace elements are added in the smelting process of common steel according to different purposes to improve the functions of steel. 06Cr18Ni11Ti is a variety of alloy steel, and due to the addition of titanium element, the viscosity of molten steel is improved, the fluidity of the molten steel is reduced, the molten steel cannot be directly made into bars and slabs in a continuous casting mode, and the bars and slabs can be prepared only by ingot casting and post-processing. In the ingot casting process, improper control of the casting speed and the casting temperature can cause the cast ingot to have scabs, heavy skin, longitudinal cracks and transverse cracks on the surface of a steel ingot, residual shrinkage cavities in the ingot, bubbles under the skin, looseness, segregation and the like. According to the analysis of production practice conditions, in the pouring process of the down-pouring method, molten steel rises from bottom to top in a steel mould, the molten steel on the upper layer dissipates heat quickly, the contact time with air is long, and the like, the molten steel is mainly concentrated on the upper part of the steel ingot, 8-12% of the upper part of the steel ingot cannot be effectively utilized in the subsequent processing, and the waste of resources is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a casting method for improving the material utilization rate of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot, so as to solve the problems that in the prior art, the surface of the steel ingot is scabbed, heavy skin, longitudinal and transverse cracks, and internal residual shrinkage cavities, subcutaneous bubbles, looseness, segregation and the like exist in the cast ingot due to improper control of casting temperature in the preparation process of the 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot.
The invention provides a casting method for improving the material consumption rate of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a casting material
The insulating fireproof mud ring is arranged on the top of the steel mould, the inner diameter of the steel mould is the same as that of the insulating fireproof mud ring, the steel mould and the insulating fireproof mud ring are coaxially distributed, a metal conducting ring is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating fireproof mud ring, the anode of the external power supply is connected with the metal conducting ring, and the cathode of the external power supply is connected with the bottom of the steel mould and grounded;
step 2, putting the protective slag (commonly called electroslag) at the bottom of the steel die as a protective layer;
step 3, adopting a bottom pouring method pouring process to pour the steel ingot, wherein the density of the casting powder is less than that of the molten steel, and the casting powder floats above the molten steel in the pouring process, rises along with the rising of the molten steel and plays roles in preventing oxidation and penetrating impurities;
step 4, stopping pouring the molten steel when the covering slag floats to the position in the insulating refractory mud ring and is flush with the upper edge opening of the insulating refractory mud ring, at the moment, the covering slag is in contact with the metal conducting ring, an external power supply forms a loop, the covering slag is equivalent to a resistor, and the generated heat heats the molten steel at the lower part of the covering slag;
and 6, after cooling, removing the insulating refractory mud ring at the top of the steel mould, removing the protective slag on the steel ingot, demoulding and finishing pouring.
Further, the casting powder comprises the following components of CaF2, CaO, Al2O3 and coke, and the components are controlled as follows: al2O 3: 30-40% of CaO: 40-50%, CaF 2: 10-15% of coke and 10-15% of coke; the preparation method comprises pulverizing into 100 mesh, and mixing at a certain proportion.
Furthermore, the height of the insulating refractory clay ring is 10-20cm, and the height of the metal conducting ring is 5-8cm and is arranged at the position 3-5cm below the upper edge opening of the insulating refractory clay ring.
Further, the thickness of the protective slag layer is 15-25 cm.
Further, the heating time of the molten steel is 3-5 min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the casting method for improving the material utilization rate of the 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot, the protective slag layer is paved on the top of the molten steel in the casting process, so that the effects of preventing oxidation of the molten steel and preventing penetration of impurities can be achieved; when molten steel rises to the top of the steel mould, the protective slag enters the insulating refractory mud ring, an external power supply system forms a loop, the protective slag layer at the moment is equivalent to a large resistor and serves as a heat source to heat the molten steel, so that the temperature of the molten steel on the upper layer of the steel mould is raised to the temperature of the middle section of the steel ingot, the defects of scabbing, heavy skin, longitudinal crack, transverse crack, internal residual shrinkage cavity, subcutaneous bubble, looseness and segregation on the surface of the steel ingot are avoided, and the quality of the steel ingot and the material consumption rate of later-stage processing are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pouring device before pouring for improving the material consumption rate of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a casting device for improving the material consumption rate of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot after casting.
In the figure, 1, a steel die; 2. insulating refractory clay rings; 3. an external power supply; 4. a metal conducting ring; 5. covering slag
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a casting method for increasing a yield of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot, including the steps of:
step 1, preparing a casting material
The insulating and fireproof mud ring is characterized by comprising protective slag, a steel mould 1, an insulating and fireproof mud ring 2 and an external power supply 3, wherein the insulating and fireproof mud ring 2 is arranged at the top of the steel mould 1, the inner diameter of the steel mould 1 is the same as that of the insulating and fireproof mud ring 2, the inner diameter of the steel mould 1 and that of the insulating and fireproof mud ring 2 are coaxially distributed, a metal conducting ring 4 is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating and fireproof mud ring 2, the anode of the external power supply 3 is connected with the metal conducting ring 4, and the cathode of the external power supply 3 is;
step 2, putting the casting powder 5 into the bottom of the steel die 1 to be used as a casting powder layer;
step 3, adopting a bottom pouring method pouring process to pour the steel ingot, wherein the density of the protective slag 5 is less than that of the molten steel, and the protective slag 5 floats above the molten steel in the pouring process, rises along with the rising of the molten steel and plays roles in preventing oxidation and penetrating impurities;
step 4, stopping pouring the molten steel when the covering slag 5 floats to the upper edge of the insulating refractory mud ring 2 and is flush with the upper edge of the insulating refractory mud ring 2, wherein the covering slag 5 is in contact with the metal conducting ring 4 at the moment, the external power supply 3 forms a loop, the covering slag 5 is equivalent to a resistor, and the generated heat heats the molten steel at the lower part of the covering slag;
and 6, after cooling, removing the insulating refractory mud ring 2 at the top of the steel mould 1, removing the protective slag 5 on the steel ingot, demoulding and finishing pouring.
Further, the casting powder 5 comprises the following components of CaF2, CaO, Al2O3 and coke, and the components are controlled as follows: al2O 3: 30-40% of CaO: 40-50%, CaF 2: 10-15% of coke and 10-15% of coke; the preparation method comprises pulverizing into 100 mesh, and mixing at a certain proportion.
Further, the height of the insulating refractory clay ring 2 is 10-20cm, and the height of the metal conducting ring 4 is 5-8cm and is arranged at the position 3-5cm below the upper edge opening of the insulating refractory clay ring 2.
Further, the thickness of the protective slag layer is 15-25 cm.
Further, the heating time of the molten steel is 3-5 min.
By adopting the heating mode, the technical principle of electroslag remelting is applied. The casting powder can effectively prevent molten steel from being oxidized and impurities from permeating in the casting process, the molten steel is heated in an auxiliary mode, the temperature of the molten steel is raised, the fluidity is enhanced, scab and heavy skin, longitudinal cracks and transverse cracks are repaired, the segregation phenomenon caused by residual shrinkage cavities inside and internal stress is eliminated, and the compactness of a crystal structure is improved. The application of the technical method can improve the yield of 3-5% of bars and slabs which are processed by steel ingots in the follow-up process. The method has the advantages of simple required device, simple operation and low production cost, and the yield can be increased by 600 yuan per ton of steel ingot according to the average utilization rate increased by 3%, and the economic benefit can be increased by 3000 yuan per year for a special steel smelting enterprise producing 5 ten thousand tons every year.
Claims (4)
1. A casting method for improving the material consumption rate of a 06Cr18Ni11Ti steel ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a casting material
The insulating fireproof mud ring is arranged on the top of the steel mould, the inner diameter of the steel mould is the same as that of the insulating fireproof mud ring, the steel mould and the insulating fireproof mud ring are coaxially distributed, a metal conducting ring is arranged on the inner wall of the insulating fireproof mud ring, the anode of the external power supply is connected with the metal conducting ring, and the cathode of the external power supply is connected with the bottom of the steel mould and grounded;
step 2, putting the protective slag into the bottom of a steel die to serve as a protective layer;
step 3, adopting a bottom pouring method pouring process to pour the steel ingot, wherein the density of the protective slag is less than that of the molten steel, the protective slag floats above the molten steel in the pouring process, rises along with the rising of the molten steel and plays roles in preventing oxidation and penetrating impurities;
step 4, stopping pouring the molten steel when the covering slag floats to the position in the insulating refractory mud ring and is flush with the upper edge opening of the insulating refractory mud ring, at the moment, the covering slag is in contact with the metal conducting ring, an external power supply forms a loop, the covering slag is equivalent to a resistor, and the generated heat heats the molten steel at the lower part of the covering slag;
step 5, when the temperature of the upper layer of the molten steel reaches the temperature of the middle section of the cast ingot, disconnecting an external power supply, cooling the steel mold, and in the cooling process, protecting slag on the upper layer of the steel ingot plays a role in heat preservation, so that the cooling rate of the whole steel ingot tends to be consistent;
step 6, after cooling, removing the insulating refractory mud ring at the top of the steel mould, removing the protective slag on the steel ingot, demoulding and finishing pouring;
the casting powder comprises CaF 2、CaO、Al 2 O 3The coke comprises the following components: al (Al)2 O 3：30～40％、CaO：40～50％、CaF 2: 10-15% of coke and 10-15% of coke; preparation method of itThe method is to mix the materials by grinding 100 meshes according to a proportion.
2. The pouring method for improving the yield of the steel ingot 06Cr18Ni11Ti according to claim 1, wherein the height of the insulating refractory mortar ring is 10-20cm, and the height of the conductive metal ring is 5-8cm and is arranged 3-5cm below the upper edge of the insulating refractory mortar ring.
3. The pouring method for improving the yield of the steel ingot of 06Cr18Ni11Ti according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the covering slag layer is 15-25 cm.
4. The pouring method for improving the material consumption rate of the steel ingot 06Cr18Ni11Ti according to claim 1, wherein the heating time of the molten steel is 3-5 min.
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| CN109158555B true CN109158555B (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09164470A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-24 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Electroslag hot top method |
| CN101274356A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Dead-melted steel ingot and mold and casting method thereof |
| CN202155489U (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-03-07 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Device for improving insulating effect of steel ingot cap opening |
| CN103406503A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for producing high-quality large steel ingot and device thereof |
| CN104070145A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Manufacturing tooling and efficient production method of large height-diameter ratio circular casting billet |
| CN104109760A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel ingot medium-frequency induction furnace/electroslag furnace dual-smelting system and method and steel ingot |
-
2018
- 2018-09-11 CN CN201811056215.XA patent/CN109158555B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09164470A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-06-24 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Electroslag hot top method |
| CN101274356A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2008-10-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Dead-melted steel ingot and mold and casting method thereof |
| CN202155489U (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2012-03-07 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Device for improving insulating effect of steel ingot cap opening |
| CN103406503A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for producing high-quality large steel ingot and device thereof |
| CN104070145A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Manufacturing tooling and efficient production method of large height-diameter ratio circular casting billet |
| CN104109760A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Steel ingot medium-frequency induction furnace/electroslag furnace dual-smelting system and method and steel ingot |
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