CN109150086A - A kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109150086A CN109150086A CN201810832014.8A CN201810832014A CN109150086A CN 109150086 A CN109150086 A CN 109150086A CN 201810832014 A CN201810832014 A CN 201810832014A CN 109150086 A CN109150086 A CN 109150086A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning systems, terminal is cleaned including several photovoltaic panels, power station local monitor center and cloud server, the photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal includes photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper, driving mechanism and terminal control module, photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper both ends are set there are two approach switch sensor, terminal control module includes motor driving plate and terminal control plate, motor driving plate is equipped with rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module and driving brake module, terminal control plate is equipped with main control chip, power module, current sampling module, collecting sensor signal module and wireless data transmission module, cloud server is connected with cell phone client；Have the functions such as automatic cleaning, fault self-checking, long-range monitoring and control; movement can be timed plus scrape movement, fault alarm and long-range monitoring; rainfall adds automatically blows and high wind shutdown action; greatly improve photovoltaic power station component cleaning efficiency and generating efficiency; cost of labor is saved, power station intelligence and integral benefit are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning systems, belong to photovoltaic plant intelligence system technical field.
Background technique
Photovoltaic industry converts the solar into electric energy using photovoltaic power generation plate, as cleaning, renewable energy, to alleviation coal
The energy crisis of the non-renewable energy resources such as charcoal petroleum is of great significance with environmental pollution, meets in National Sustainable Development Strategies
Protect environment, energy saving requirement, be the new industry with development potentiality, but its generating efficiency by temperature, humidity,
Intensity of illumination and dust are affected, and the long-term accumulation of dust not only causes serious injury to photovoltaic module, reduce power generation
Efficiency, and many failures can be induced, therefore be periodically a kind of quickly raising photovoltaic power station power generation effect to photovoltaic module cleaning
The effective way of rate.
Light mainly is carried out by modes such as artificial dedusting, giant dedusting, professional cleaning equipment dedustings both at home and abroad at present
The cleaning of component is lied prostrate, however uses artificial cleaning to be easy to cause to damage to solar energy photovoltaic panel, and efficiency is lower, using high pressure water
Though rifle cleaning is preferable to cleaning effect, water resource waste is more, it is difficult to which secondary use causes real-world environment limited, using machine
Tool dedusting technology drives brush using machine, and cleans photovoltaic panel in watering, and cleaning efficiency is poor, mechanically actuated difficulty
It is larger, also photovoltaic plate surface band wiper, hair are set up in just like CN107626631A a kind of photovoltaic module cleaning equipment provided etc.
The board-like cleaning equipment of brush etc., but lack cleaning monitoring system, intelligence degree is low, it is difficult to which long-range control executes and failure report
Cleaning dust removal installation and movement are mutually coped in alert, monitoring management, especially rainfall, high wind weather to be influenced to be difficult to, and causes to clean
Inefficiency, investigation and higher operating costs.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provide a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system, including several photovoltaic panels cleaning terminal and power station local monitor center, institute
Stating photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal includes photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper and driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is for driving photovoltaic panel
Dedusting wiper moves left and right, and the photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper both ends are set there are two approach switch sensor；
Photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal further includes terminal control module, the terminal control module include motor driving plate and
Terminal control plate, the motor driving plate are equipped with rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module and driving brake module, the rectifying and wave-filtering tune
Die block is rectified into direct current for connecting with electric main as driving brake module power supply, and the driving brake module is for driving
Dynamic, braking drive organ；
The driving mechanism includes wirerope, the first winding roller and the second winding roller, the wirerope and photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper
It is connected, and both ends are respectively arranged on the first winding roller and the second winding roller, first winding roller and the second winding roller difference
It is connected with the first rotating electric machine and the second rotating electric machine, the number of the wirerope is at least two, and the wirerope is equipped at least
Four fixed pulleys, there are two the driving brake modules, and is electrically connected respectively with the first rotating electric machine and the second rotating electric machine；
The terminal control plate is equipped with main control chip, power module, current sampling module, collecting sensor signal module
And wireless data transmission module, the main control chip with current sampling module, real-time clock module, collecting sensor signal module and
Wireless data transmission module is connected；
The current sampling module is connected with motor driving plate, and the current sampling module is equipped with current transformer, adopts
Sample resistance and A/D switched pins, for acquiring current data virtual value, master control end calculator is provided with each dedusting
Lower current when maximum duration and motor operation, middle threshold currents, four parameter thresholds of upper limit current are used for and current sample
The current data virtual value of module compares, and judges fault alarm；
The power module is used to power for terminal control plate, and the power module is equipped with voltage and adjusts chip, described
Voltage adjusts chip and is used to be converted to 24V power supply 5V power supply, and the collecting sensor signal module is for acquiring close to switch
The signal of sensor conductive；
Power station local monitor center is equipped with master control end calculator, and the master control end, which calculates, passes through wireless data sending mould
Block is communicated with end control module, and master control end calculator is equipped with communication module, and the communication module uses radio station
Mode communicates；Power station local monitor center is additionally provided with meteorological sensor and data acquisition board, and the meteorological sensor includes
Wind speed wind direction sensor and precipitation rain fall sensor, the meteorological sensor are connected by cable with data acquisition board, and the data are adopted
The data that collection plate is used to acquire meteorological sensor are exported to master control end calculator.
Master control end calculator is equipped with man-machine input interface, and the man-machine input interface is for user's login, equipment
Control, equipment selection, adds and scrapes control and failure feedback display parameter setting.
The photovoltaic plant cleaning monitoring system further includes cloud server, and the cloud server is by internet and leads to
Letter module is communicated with the realization of master control end calculator, and is connected with cell phone client by internet, and cell phone client passes through B/S
Structure (Browser/Server, Browser/Server Mode) interaction.Terminal alarms information is issued will pass through short message.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) mechanical part that photovoltaic panel cleans terminal is controlled by each terminal control module, carry out real-time clock,
Control command processing, the detection of fault-signal and processing, the monitoring of motor operation real-time current, the control of realization autonomous operation are patrolled
Volume；(2) power station local monitor center is arranged in each power station power station, carries out the processing of multiple terminal signalings, the transmission of data, monitors
Several terminal devices in the power station are managed, (3) by cloud server and cell phone client telecommunication, the interaction with user is deposited
Storage, access, control command write-in, will pass through the warning message that short message issues terminal, monitor several power station local monitors center,
(4) the stable coordination operation of system entirety has the functions such as automatic cleaning, fault self-checking, long-range monitoring and control, can be determined
When movement plus scrape movement, fault alarm and long-range monitoring, rainfall add automatically blow with high wind shutdown action, greatly improve photovoltaic
Power station unit clean efficiency promotes generating efficiency, saves cost of labor, to improve power station intelligence and integral benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is monitoring structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is present invention monitoring schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that photovoltaic panel of the present invention cleans terminal dedusting structure schematic diagram.
(in Fig. 3: photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 and driving mechanism 2, wirerope 3, the first winding roller 4 and the second winding roller 5 approach
Switch sensor 6, fixed pulley 7, bracket 8, solar energy photovoltaic panel 9, the first rotating electric machine 10 and the second rotating electric machine 11).
Fig. 4 is motor driving plate schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is drive module circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is brake module circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is power module circuitry figure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is current sampling module circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is A/D switching reference voltages figure of the present invention.
Figure 10 is real-time clock module circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 is reset circuit module circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 12 is approach switch sensor circuit diagram of the present invention.
Figure 13 is terminal control module structure chart of the present invention.
Figure 14 is standard sine current waveform figure.
Figure 15 is the voltage oscillogram by sampling resistor.
Figure 16 is voltage positive half period waveform diagram.
Figure 17 is current effective value overhaul flow chart of the present invention.
Figure 18 is that photovoltaic panel of the present invention cleans terminal motor control flow chart.
Figure 19 is that photovoltaic panel of the present invention cleans terminal entirety control flow chart.
Figure 20 cleans station command to photovoltaic panel for the man-machine input interface of the present invention and sends programme diagram.
Figure 21 is that photovoltaic panel of the present invention cleans end message reception and processing routine figure.
Figure 22 is rainfall table of grading of the present invention.
Figure 23 is wind scale table of the present invention.
Figure 24 is that cloud server of the present invention controls information reception and processing routine figure.
Figure 25 is cloud server system construction drawing of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1~3, a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system, including several photovoltaic panels cleaning terminal and power station
Monitoring center, the photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal includes photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper and driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is used for
Driving photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper moves left and right, and the photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper both ends are set there are two approach switch sensor；It is described
Approach switch sensor is positive-negative-positive proximity Hall switch, LJ12A3-4-Z/BX is selected, for perceiving whether wiper runs in place；
Photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal further includes terminal control module, the terminal control module include motor driving plate and
Terminal control plate, referring to fig. 4, the motor driving plate are equipped with rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module and driving brake module, described whole
Stream filtering voltage regulating module is rectified into direct current for connecting with electric main as driving brake module power supply, the driving brake module
For driving, braking drive organ；
The driving mechanism 2 includes wirerope 3, the first winding roller 4 and the second winding roller 5, and the wirerope 3 is removed with photovoltaic panel
Dirt wiper 1 is connected, and both ends are respectively arranged on the first winding roller 4 and the second winding roller 5, first winding roller 4 and second
Winding roller 5 is connected separately with the first rotating electric machine 10 and the second rotating electric machine 11, and the number of the wirerope 3 is at least two, institute
Wirerope 3 is stated equipped at least four fixed pulleys 7, there are two the driving brake modules, and respectively with the first rotating electric machine and the
The electrical connection of two rotating electric machines.
The photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 is suspended from 9 top of solar energy photovoltaic panel by bracket 8, avoids the occurrence of mechanical structure screening
Generating efficiency caused by keeping off the sun is low, and by four 7 warpages of fixed pulley, wirerope is made to be suspended from photovoltaic panel surrounding and lower section,
First rotating electric machine 10 and the second rotating electric machine 11 are placed in below photovoltaic panel, drive the first coiling by the first rotating electric machine 10
4 coiling of roller keeps the photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 connecting with wirerope 3 mobile to side, and the wirerope 3 on the second winding roller 5 is driven to be put
Line, similarly the rotation of the second rotating electric machine 11 can drive photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 mobile to the other side, and two wireropes 3 are conducive to improve
Pulling force and stability, rotating electric machine use the 110ZYT152 direct current permanent magnet motor of Boshan micro machine, the Rated motor voltage
220V, rated current 2.3A, rated power 375W, rated speed 1500rpm, wiper are placed in photovoltaic panel west, set afternoon in mornings
In the east in photovoltaic panel.The driving brake module includes drive module and brake module, and the drive module and brake module divide
Driving and the brake signal of terminal control plate Yong Yu not received.
It drives brake module to realize by relay, according to the driving and brake signal for receiving terminal control plate, controls light
The on-off of coupling is to control the state of relay；
Referring to attached drawing 5,20V and 220VGND are the direct current of rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module output, and M1+ and M1- connect motor
Armature pin, DO-1 are microcontroller main control chip MCU output pin.When DO-1 exports low level, optocoupler conducting, relay line
Enclose electric, relay is attracted, and armature obtains electric operation.When DO-1 exports high level, optocoupler open circuit, relay control terminal is lost
Electricity, relay disconnect, and armature power loss stops driving.By optocoupler, relay two-stage drive finally realizes microcontroller pair
Motor-driven control has ensured the safety and reliability of circuit.
Referring to attached drawing 6, by the way of dynamic braking, R9 be braking resistor used as drive module optocoupler and after
Whether electrical equipment control braking resistor accesses motor both ends.Consider rated current of motor 2.3A, voltage rating 220V thus can estimate electricity
Machine counter electromotive force, armature allow maximum current, if assuming, armature resistance is zero, then braking resistor minimum value, takes braking
Resistance, braking resistor power maximum value.
The terminal control plate is equipped with main control chip, power module, current sampling module, collecting sensor signal module
And wireless data transmission module, the main control chip with current sampling module, real-time clock module, collecting sensor signal module and
Wireless data transmission module is connected；
The main control chip selects the STC12C5A32S2 chip of STC Corporation, which is single clock/machine cycle (1T)
Single-chip microcontroller, chip interior is integrated with the 10 A/D conversion of many practical On-Chip peripherals such as 8 tunnels high speed, double-serial port,
EEPROM etc.；Main control chip is 51 kernels, and using 8051 software programming of Keil, Keil software includes C compiler, Macro assembler
Device, debugger；
The power module is used to power for terminal control plate, and the collecting sensor signal module is for acquiring close open
Close the signal of sensor conductive；
Referring to Fig. 7, the power module is equipped with voltage and adjusts chip, and the voltage adjusts chip and is used for 24V power supply
Be converted to 5V power supply.
The voltage adjusts chip and adjusts the transformation that chip carries out power supply using LM2596 switching type voltage, which can be defeated
The electric current of maximum 3A out, the chip interior integrated level is high, and periphery only needs 4 elements, and simple circuit is easy to use.
The current sampling module is connected with motor driving plate, and the current sampling module is equipped with current transformer, adopts
Sample resistance and A/D switched pins, for acquiring current data virtual value, master control end calculator is provided with each dedusting
Lower current when maximum duration and motor operation, middle threshold currents, four parameter thresholds of upper limit current are used for and current sample
The current data virtual value of module compares, and judges fault alarm.
Referring to attached drawing 8, the first rotating electric machine 10 and the second rotating electric machine 11 might have stall during real time execution
Or other failures, and these problems can be reflected by current of electric, since two motor same times are only possible to
There is one to obtain electric operation, and motor driving plate consumption electric current is smaller, the fluctuation of electric current is equally smaller, so passing through directly detection electricity
The source current of machine driving plate, the actual current value of the size and motor that detect current value are approximately that linear relationship can reflect
The actual motion state of motor out.
It first passes through current transformer 220V alternating current to be isolated with control circuit and by current value linear narrowing, then pass through
Current signal is converted to voltage signal and is filtered out backward voltage by a diode by sampling resistor, obtains only upper half
The voltage signal is finally connected to master control core by the voltage follower built by amplifier LM358 by the ac voltage signal in period
The A/D switched pins of piece MCU.
Increase 2.5V reference power source circuit referring to attached drawing 9 to reduce A/D transformed error.
The terminal control plate is equipped with real-time clock module and reset circuit module, and the real-time clock module is for mentioning
For time reference, the reset circuit module is set in the reset circuit module for making main control chip be reset to original state
There is watchdog circuit.
Referring to attached drawing 10, the clocking capability of real-time clock module is completed by DS1302 real-time timepiece chip.The chip can
To carry out timing by minimum unit of the second, can adjust automatically monthly day counting number and leap year count, can by I2C communication interface with
Main control chip MCU communication output timing number.Dual power supply can be used, since it can charge to backup power source, therefore this system makes
Use the capacitor of 1F as its backup power source.
Referring to attached drawing 11, reset circuit module is used to make program roll back to main control chip MCU reset, while having and seeing
Door dog function " is run and is flown " in abnormal cases to prevent program.The module realized using MAX813 chip reset to MCU and
Watchdog function, in complicated industrial environment, the presence of various interference has and may make executing inside main control chip MCU
It malfunctions when instruction, error in data is caused into program operation error as address code, therefore needs to introduce house dog.House dog
Be called timer circuit, program needed during running it is continual carry out " feeding dog " operation, when program mal " run and fly " then " is fed
Dog " operation will stop, and not carry out " feeding dog " operation when certain time, house dog, which can send reset signal, resets MCU.
Referring to attached drawing 12, when no magnetic field, signal wire exports high level, exports low level when having magnetic field, which is set
In 1 bracket of photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper, 8 both ends, magnet steel is placed in the corresponding position of photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1, photovoltaic panel is detected with this
Whether dedusting wiper 1 runs to one end of bracket 8, in place with judgement operation.
Power station local monitor center is equipped with master control end calculator, and the master control end, which calculates, passes through wireless data sending mould
Block is communicated with end control module.
Master control end calculator is a Embedded A PR using magnificent UNO-2174A/78A type calculator is ground
(Application Ready Platform, using ready type platform), not only shortens the development time, and provide abundant
Network interface, possess I/O abundant, such as can support 4-8 COM port and 6 USB interfaces, can satisfy various items
Extension demand in mesh.
Master control end calculator is equipped with communication module, and the communication module is communicated using radio station's mode, institute
The AS62-DTU30 type wireless digital broadcasting station that communication module selects pool credit science and technology is stated, with RS485 interface and station telecommunication.
Several photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal devices can be set under each each power station in province, each terminal device has uniquely
Location code is device numbering, and device numbering is 8, and the 1st, 2 is area code, and the 3rd, 4 encodes for power station, and the 5th, 6 is peace
Regional code is filled, the 7th, 8 is device coding, so 99* is at most installed in each power station according to the device numbering of this default
99=9801 platform terminal device.
Communication with power station uses free protocol communication mode, and each frame data are with " # " beginning, with " * " ending.Power station mark
Will specifies the purpose terminal of the data frame, if power station mark is " all ", indicates that the data frame sphere of action is entire power station
All terminal devices, if power station mark is the device numbering of some terminal device, such as " 00000000 " indicates the data frame only
It is effective to this terminal device.Control character indicates the function of the data frame, and control number is the supplement of control character, their groups
It is combined the control purpose for embodying power station, if control character is " tim ", control number is that " 17205161200 " then expression will be whole
Clock setting in end equipment is " 12:00 Tuesday on May 16th, 2017 ".Last check digit be examine and.
The wireless data transmission module AS62-T27 type wireless serial scientific and technological using pool credit, it is logical by serial ports UART and communication module
Letter, therefore a set of wireless communication system is formed in each power station, a wireless digital broadcasting station and several wireless serial modules, it is real
Existing power station local monitor center is communicated with terminal remote, sets listening mode, the wireless data sending of terminal for communication module power station
Module is arranged to positioning transceiving mode, and the transparent transmission of serial data can be achieved in this way, carries out connecing for data by serial ports interrupt function
It receives, judges whether this data is effective according to power station mark receiving data, " can will receive number after having received data if effectively
According to " flag set with notify main program handle data.
Master control end calculator is used to send driving, brake signal to the photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal in certain area power station
It is controlled, receives the feedback information of photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal, completed the communication with cloud server to be passed to cloud, pass through
Terminal remote control and condition monitoring are cleaned to photovoltaic panel in cloud.
Power station local monitor center is additionally provided with meteorological sensor and data acquisition board, and the meteorological sensor includes wind
Fast wind transducer and precipitation rain fall sensor, the meteorological sensor are connected by cable with data acquisition board, the data acquisition
The data that plate is used to acquire meteorological sensor are exported to master control end calculator, so as to the dedusting for rainy weather, strong wind weather
Operation provides foundation.
The data acquisition board is the output of RS485 bus, integrates ModBus communication protocol, is 01 as tributary address.Its
Traffic rate is 9600,6 data is read since initial address " 9004 " with " 03 " (read-only) order, this 6 data are successively divided
Not are as follows: 9004: current wind direction, unit: degree；9005: current wind speed, unit: 0.1m/s；9006: preceding 10 minutes highest wind velocities, it is single
Position: 0.1m/s；9007: wind direction when preceding 10 minutes highest wind velocities, unit: degree；9008: preceding 1 hour accumulative rainfall, unit:
0.1mm；9009: preceding 24 hours accumulative rainfall, unit: 0.1mm.
Referring to attached drawing 22,23, RS485 module is turned by USB and connects meteorological sensor data acquisition board, is read within every 1 minute
Meteorological data.Data sequence: 01 03 90 04 00 06 A9 09 was sent to data acquisition board every one minute,
In " 01 " be data acquisition board ModBus tributary address, " 03 " indicate read data, " 90 04 " indicate read data its starting point
Location is 9004, and " 00 06 " indicate to read 6 data since initial address, and " A9 09 " is cyclic redundancy check.Data acquisition
Plate can equally return to one group of data sequence, such as: 01 03 0C, 00 2D, 00 02 00 03 00 2D, 00 01 00 0A 44
7D, wherein " 01 " indicates tributary address, " 03 " indicates to read data, and " 0C " indicates 12 byte valid data, and " 00 2D " expression is worked as
45 degree of preceding wind direction, " 00 02 " indicate current wind speed 0.2m/s, and " 00 03 " indicate preceding 10 minutes highest wind velocities 0.3m/s, " 00
2D " indicates 45 degree of wind direction when preceding 10 minutes highest wind velocities, and " 00 01 " indicate that preceding 1 hour accumulative rainfall is 0.1mm, " 00 0A "
Indicate that preceding 24 hours accumulative rainfall are 1mm.After being parsed to data, if interior precipitation is less than more than 0.5mm when previous small
2mm is then carried out once plus is scraped, and stops any movement of all terminal devices in this power station, this intelligence immediately if wind speed is more than 10m/s
Energy arbitration functions can deactivate manually.This system to the judgment basis of rainfall and wind speed referring to rainfall table of grading and air quantity table of grading such as
Shown in attached drawing.
Master control end calculator is equipped with man-machine input interface, and the man-machine input interface is for user's login, equipment
Control, equipment selection, adds and scrapes control and failure feedback display parameter setting.
The photovoltaic plant cleaning monitoring system further includes cloud server, and the cloud server is by internet and leads to
Letter module is communicated with the realization of master control end calculator, and is connected with cell phone client by internet, and cell phone client passes through B/S
Structure (Browser/Server, Browser/Server Mode) interaction.Terminal alarms information is issued will pass through short message；
In internet, each terminal computer is with IP for its unique identification number, and there are two types of selection, sides for cloud server
Formula one applies for public network static IP to network operator such as telecommunications, connection, movement etc., and then oneself is with the computer service of building
Device.Mode two directly rents Cloud Server to Internet companies such as Tencent, Ali, on the one hand needs to pay dues to network operator
With needing the computer of place and a better performances on the other hand to build server, but such mode, data are more
Safety.And first mode two-phase only needs to pay than mode certain lease expenses, and the computer that can be networked at any one is visited
It asks it, uses more flexible.Therefore actual conditions are combined, Tencent's cloud cloud server has been selected, has been with cloud virtual machine
Form is supplied to client's use, facilitates the expansion for carrying out memory space, and advantage is architecture and the processing to big data,
Lower deployment cost investment can be reduced, more flexibly resource can be allocated, be conducive to make full use of resource.
Cloud server is equipped with cloud database, and the long-range control of mobile phone client users is obtained by reading cloud database
Information processed is converted into the data frame format with terminal equipment in communication after parsing to control information, is sent to photovoltaic panel
Clean terminal device, control information store equally in the form of code name in the database, such as " add " expression will to terminal device into
Row plus scraping operation, software is by the content in sql sentence reading database to the table with Control of Power Plant center to center communications, to obtain
Obtain whole control routine.
Cloud is using database as core, using the SQLServer database of Microsoft, since it is Microsoft's ecosystem
A part, be integrated with all kinds of resources of Microsoft, provide visual operation interface, therefore opposite in terms of study is installed
It is easier to, is conducive to quickly exploitation and uses, and it is multiple functional in terms of large database is combined in exploitation, function expands convenient for after
Exhibition.Information exchange is carried out by webpage and user.On the one hand, number can be written by web interface in remote control information by user
According to library, and Control of Power Plant center obtains the control information of user by read from database, is sent to terminal device after information is parsed
Realize control.On the other hand, the terminal alarms information received can be written in real time database by Control of Power Plant center, and user can be with
Warning message is checked by webpage.The short message of terminal alarms information is pushed through the software realization in cloud, and the software monitors are to having
New warning message then can send short message to staff and remind.
The operation principle of the present invention is that:
Each photovoltaic plant is arranged multiple photovoltaic panels and cleans terminal, and photovoltaic panel cleans first that terminal passes through driving mechanism 2
Rotating electric machine 10 or the second rotating electric machine 11 drive photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1, clean to the mechanical dedusting of photovoltaic plate surface or so,
Each power station local monitor center sends control signal, remote control terminal control by master control end calculator under communication module
The terminal control plate of molding block；
Referring to Figure 13, power module is the power supply of terminal control plate, and voltage adjusts chip and 24V power supply is converted to 5V power supply,
Terminal control plate controls signal, middle control chip processing transmission, rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module by wireless data transmission module communications reception
220V Alternating Current Power Supply is rectified into direct current to drive the work of two motors, driving brake module according to control signal realize driving and
Two motors are braked, photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 is driven to walk；
The control signal is four on-off models, four on-off models by five signal wires i.e. four switching values and
A piece total ground wire is transmitted, and four switching values are respectively as follows: the starting of a: the second rotating electric machine, the braking of the b: the second rotating electric machine, c:
The starting of first rotating electric machine, the braking of the d: the first rotating electric machine；Export low level is indicated with " 0 ", and output high level is indicated with " 1 ",
Then it is as shown in table 1 below to correspond to photovoltaic panel dedusting 1 state of wiper for the output combination of four switching values:
| a | b | C | d | Function |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 moves to left |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 moves to right |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 is braked |
Therefore when carrying out cleaning, terminal control plate controls motor by motor driving plate system, first
The locking signal of motor is removed, driving signal, motor operating are added to motor later, cleaning starts.It is close by reading
The signal of switch sensor judges whether wiper runs to designated position, when wiper operation in place after then remove motor driven letter
Number, locking signal is added to motor later, completes a cleaning.
Fault detection of the present invention uses current detecting principle: current signal being converted to voltage signal, directly to alternating current
Pressure signal is sampled, and the virtual value that surveyed electric current is calculated then is handled by program；Referring to attached drawing 14, due to this system
It is powered using single supply, therefore only takes the half period of standard sine current waveform signal forward direction, electric current passes through current transformer line
Property reduce K times, be then converted to voltage signal by sampling resistor, waveform referring to Figure 15, later signal through diode filtering again
On pin through voltage follower circuit driving effect to middle control chip MCU, voltage positive half period waveform such as Figure 16；
For attached drawing 14, if current instantaneous value is i, period T, virtual value I have: ∫ according to the definition of virtual value2T 0t2Dt=I2It is (2) u=i*r/K that current transformation is voltage value through current transformer and sampling resistor r by 2T (1), by formula 1
∫ is obtained with formula 22T 0(i*K/r)2Dt=I22T (3), for the voltage waveform of Figure 16, due to formula (3) be the integrated square of u and
And the positive half period and negative half-cycle of voltage waveform be at axial symmetry, if Figure 16 instantaneous voltage is u1, then to u1Square two week
Phase integrated value is equal with the integrated value to u a cycle, and convolution (3) can obtain: ∫2T 0(u1*K/r)2Dt=I2T (4), thus
Current effective value can be measured are as follows: I=(K/r) * √ (1/T) ∫2T 0u1 2dt (5)；
Integral in formula 5 is replaced using trapezoidal method summation, with sample frequency f in sampling algorithmsIt (adopts
The sample period is Ts=1/fs) sampled to measured signal, if there is N number of sampled point in a cycle, then electric current is effective
Value is (6):
STC12C5A32S2 chip handbook is consulted it is found that the integrated 10 high-speed a/d conversion modules of the MCU, can achieve 250
Ten thousand times/second, by the way that timer is arranged, every 400us carries out an A/D conversion sampling to measured signal, and the usual frequency of alternating current is
50Hz, i.e. period are 20ms, so each cycle sampling number N=20.1000/400=50.Since A/D is sampled with supply voltage
On the basis of, to prevent power-supply fluctuation situations such as influences sampled result, every 400us not only to measured signal, equally to 2.5V benchmark
Signal is sampled, and completes to interrupt using sampling, after to 2.5V reference signal samples, and then starts adopting to measured signal
Sample calculates measured signal voltage value, for enhance testing result reliability, the four of each measuring signal virtual value sampled signal
A period is calculated, and is detected program flow diagram referring to 17 current effective value of attached drawing, can be calculated electric current to be measured referring to formula 6
Virtual value.Thus actual measurement counts counted virtual value with the virtual value error that is measured with multimeter within 50mA, due to electricity
Electromechanics stream is in 1A-2A, and error is in 5%-2.5%, therefore secondary error is within allowed band.
Referring to Figure 18, it is likely to occur wiper during motor operation and is stuck or other failures, passes through the fortune of detection motor
The real-time current of row time and motor operation judged, lower current, middle threshold currents, the reality of this four parameters of upper limit current
Existing mode and setting purpose are as follows:
(1) maximum runing time: motor starts timing after bringing into operation, and is greater than the dedusting of setting when the time of motor operation
Maximum duration then stops working immediately and sends warning message to power station, and the time is arranged for detecting wiper at the appointed time
Not running in place the case where, such as occur wiper connect with wirerope disconnection the case where；
(2) lower current: when motor operation by motor real-time current compared with the minimum current of setting, when it is less than minimum
When electric current hard stop and to power station send warning message.For detecting the too small situation of current of electric, for example motor power supply is disconnected
Road, motor driven damage, motor idle running etc..
(3) threshold currents in: warning message is sent to power station when current of electric is more than this parameter, but is not shut down, motor is worked as
Electric current is persistently greater than this parameter certain time and then sends and warning message and shut down to power station again.Motor is detected by this parameter
The mutation of electric current judges whether wiper encounters larger barrier with this, if this feelings occurs in dust removal operation twice in succession
Condition then needs staff to go to handle to scene.
(4) upper limit current: when current of electric is more than that this parameter is then alarmed and shut down to power station immediately.It is examined using this parameter
Survey motor rotation blockage situation caused by the stuck grade of wiper.
Terminal control module provides real-time clock using DS1302 chip for terminal system, DS1302 chip have year,
The moon, day, week, when, minute, second tally function, referring to attached drawing 19, photovoltaic panel clean terminal on the whole for there are three major function,
Manual debugging function, automatic cleaning function, remote control function.
(1) debug part manually: this part is mainly used for installation and debugging and trouble hunting, presses during normal operation
Manual debugging mode can be entered after stop key either device failure alert and the shutdown of terminal push.It sets in such a mode
Standby automatic work partial failure only makes wiper mobile manually by keypad.Control is moved left and right and stopped by keypad
Button processed can control wiper arbitrarily to move left and right, and can stop at any one place of photovoltaic panel.Still have close to switch in such a mode
Effect, is automatically stopped with anti-damage mechanical part when wiper is moved to left and right ends, while " maximum current " joins in such a mode
Number effectively, the then hard stop when current of electric is more than the maximum current of setting, to prevent staff's maloperation such as in motor
Mobile wiper is manipulated in the case of stall.
(2) automated cleaning part: equipment constantly from DS1302 read real-time time and with the automatic work time pair of setting
Than that motor control module control motor action will be called to complete corresponding work to the corresponding time.Host computer can simultaneously
To control the starting and stopping of automatic work in the morning, afternoon and evening respectively, so equipment judges corresponding stopping after the time compares successfully
Mark, will not act if being off.
(3) remote control point: corresponding flag bit can will be modified after communication module receives and processes data and is become
Magnitude realizes program operation result by judging these flag bits with variate-value in program process to reach long-range
Control purpose.Terminal device often receives once plus scrape signal can control motor drive wiper left and right moving by motor control module
Make one back and forth.
Terminal device sends the format of warning message data frame to Control of Power Plant center, and every frame data are started with " ## ", with
" * " ending.Device numbering is the unique encodings of each terminal, to identification terminal equipment.Fault message is to indicate alarm class
Type, such as " hig " indicate that current of electric reaches upper limit current alarm.Alarm numerical value is the supplement to fault message, such as fault message
For " hig ", numerical value of alarming is that " 1896 " then indicate that measuring current of electric when alarm is 1896 milliamperes, if " close to switch without letter
Number " it is this be not required to alarm value type alarm then alarm numerical value be " 0000 ".Last check number be data frame verification and.
Referring to fig. 20, the man-machine input interface uses LabVIEW software programming, LabVIEW graphic programming, have with
Lower advantage: simplify exploitation: programming language is simple graphical programming language；Unrivaled hardware integration: it can support more
Kind communication mode, support receive information from various buses；It Customizes User Interface: the towed design ring of What You See Is What You Get
Border；Extensive analysis and signal processing IP: data can voluntarily be analyzed, loading algorithm.Staff is carried out by man-machine interface
Photovoltaic panel cleans terminal device control, receives photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal device information and communication data processing, cloud control letter
Breath receives and processing.
Referring to fig. 21, power station local monitor center receives the fault message of equipment on the one hand can it will be shown in man-machine boundaries
In the error listing in face, on the other hand fault message can be written in database " current failure " and " historical failure " table.
Reset circuit module be used for main control chip MCU reset make program roll back, while have watchdog function with
In abnormal cases " run fly ", real-time clock module provides time reference to execute for daily dedusting work timing to anti-program,
Approach switch sensor 6 senses whether the feedback perception of photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper 1 runs in place, adopts through collecting sensor signal module
Collection, current sampling module acquire motor driving plate electric current, middle control chip controls transmission sensor, current feedback signal to power station sheet
The power station local monitor center of ground monitoring center, each power station also passes through communication module and cloud server, in order to the people that works
Member is remotely monitored by cell phone client.
Referring to fig. 24,25, cloud webpage is programmed using Adobe Dreamweaver software, which has editor
The function of webpage and managing web, and the page editing function of its What You See Is What You Get is conducive to quickly develop satisfactory net
Page.Cloud server is based on Windows system, and needing to open and configured website service under Windows system just can be from
Outside, to the website, directly accesses [18] [19] by IP in this project by IP or domain name access.For data safety,
Password authentification is needed when accessing website, client mainly has the operation of three aspects by website: (1) checking historical failure: first having to
Database is connected by the software, table is then drawn on interface, table associates with corresponding data again later, will be counted
It is shown on webpage according to the data of correlation table in library；(2) check current failure: method is the same as (1)；(3) check that power station connects shape
State: power station host time is written every one second for Control of Power Plant center, when cloud software is constantly by the time with server native
Between compare, be more than then to think within 120 seconds that the Control of Power Plant center is connect with server to have disconnected, and connection status is write when the time difference
Enter；(4) control terminal: the item that user's change is filled on webpage is written, power station after clicking determining by sql sentence
Control centre reads to obtain control information.
Cloud software is write using C# language, in Visual Studio exploitation environment programming debugging, to there is the work of three aspects
Make, first is that the connection status at Control of Power Plant center is judged, second is that pushing terminal device alarm in the form of short message to staff
Information: by integrate " melting cloud " short message send script realize, " melting cloud " official's over-network registration payment after will have it is corresponding can
It sends short messages item number, and message template need to be editted, call shell script that the transmission of short message can be realized in a program, in a program
Fault message is then first added at message template variable when there is new warning message, recalls foot by continuous reading database
This function sends short message；Third is that the terminal device for having carried out trouble hunting is deleted from current failure table: working as work
Make personnel at the scene to overhaul of the equipments finish restore normal use after, terminal device can to power station mster-control centre send information,
Power station can be write " equipment fault has been removed " in database corresponding position later.Software detection has been restored normally then to some terminal
The fault message of the terminal device in " current failure " table is all deleted.
To sum up, photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system of the invention is able to achieve following function:
(1) timed activity.This system, which can be set, early scrapes the time, and the noon scrapes the time, and evening scrapes the time, and equipment will be according to setting
Time daily auto-action, and auto-action can control start and stop respectively, it in actual use can flexible choice.It early scrapes and refers to
Every morning is dusted movement according to the time timing of setting, this function mainly works when weather is more hot.In day
Generally can form dew without being condensed into frost in the morning in photovoltaic panel when gas is more hot, be dusted movement energy at this time
The dust debris for preferably removing photovoltaic plate surface, are parked in photovoltaic panel west for wiper automatically after early scraping.When noon scrapes default
Between ten two points at noon, the time is adjustable, and main function is to be transferred to wiper from photovoltaic panel west to block in the east to prevent wiper in afternoon
Sunlight.Evening scrapes finger and is periodically dusted movement at dusk daily, main to consider that have frost or have snowfall in the morning when weather is more cold,
Dusk ice dissolution, which carries out primary dedusting, can play better effect.
(2) plus movement is scraped.Add to scrape and refer at any time, staff can pass through webpage or power station local monitor center
Information is sent plus scraped to terminal device, and terminal device will do it corresponding dedusting movement after receiving plus scraping information.This function is set
It sets and is intended to facilitate staff to control equipment execution cleaning at any time.
(3) fault alarm and long-range monitoring.It, can be into power station local monitor if terminal device breaks down during operation
The heart sends fault message, and power station receives warning message and on the one hand can be recorded in be locally displayed out by warning message and remind work
On the other hand warning message can be uploaded to cloud by personnel.Cloud detects that equipment alarm can be in time by warning message with short
The form of letter is sent to power management personnel, can not only be controlled by power station this power station equipment, but also can pass through computer
Or mobile phone access webpage carrys out controlling terminal.
(4) add automatically and scrape and shut down.When rainfall, local monitor center in power station automatically controls the execution of this power station terminal device
Add and scrapes movement；When there is high wind, all terminal devices in this power station are automatically shut down in local monitor center in power station, and it is automatic dynamic to stop it
Make.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as pair
Limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply phase
To importance or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The feature for defining " first ", " second " etc. as a result, can
To explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection scope of claims
Subject to.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system, including several photovoltaic panels cleaning terminal and power station local monitor center, described
Photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal includes photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper and driving mechanism, it is characterized in that, the driving mechanism is for driving photovoltaic
Plate dedusting wiper moves left and right, and the photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper both ends are set there are two approach switch sensor；
The photovoltaic panel cleaning terminal further includes terminal control module, and the terminal control module includes motor driving plate and terminal
Control panel, the motor driving plate are equipped with rectifying and wave-filtering voltage regulating module and driving brake module, and the driving brake module is used
In driving, braking drive organ；
The terminal control plate is equipped with main control chip, power module, current sampling module, collecting sensor signal module and nothing
Line number transmission module, the main control chip with current sampling module, real-time clock module, collecting sensor signal module and wireless
Digital transmission module is connected；
The power module is used to power for terminal control plate, and the collecting sensor signal module is passed for acquiring close to switch
The signal of sensor conduction；
Power station local monitor center is equipped with master control end calculator, the master control end calculate by wireless data transmission module with
Hold control module communication.
2. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the driving mechanism includes steel
Cable, the first winding roller and the second winding roller, the wirerope are connected with photovoltaic panel dedusting wiper, and both ends be respectively arranged at first around
On line roller and the second winding roller, first winding roller and the second winding roller are connected separately with the first rotating electric machine and the second rotation
Motor, the number of the wirerope are at least two, and the wirerope is equipped at least four fixed pulleys, and the driving brake module has
Two, and be electrically connected respectively with the first rotating electric machine and the second rotating electric machine.
3. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the driving brake module includes
Drive module and brake module, the drive module and brake module are respectively used to receive the driving of terminal control plate and braking letter
Number.
4. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the power module is equipped with electricity
Pressure adjusts chip, and the voltage adjusts chip and is used to 24V power supply being converted to 5V power supply.
5. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the current sampling module and electricity
Machine driving plate is connected, and the current sampling module is equipped with current transformer, sampling resistor and A/D switched pins, for acquiring
Current data virtual value, master control end calculator are provided with the lower limit when maximum duration and motor operation of each dedusting
Electric current, middle threshold currents, four parameter thresholds of upper limit current, for sentencing compared with the current data virtual value of current sampling module
Disconnected fault alarm.
6. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the terminal control plate is equipped with
Real-time clock module and reset circuit module, the real-time clock module is for providing time reference, the reset circuit module
For making main control chip be reset to original state, the reset circuit module is equipped with watchdog circuit.
7. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, on the calculator of the master control end
Equipped with communication module, the communication module is communicated using radio station's mode.
8. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, power station local monitor center
It is additionally provided with meteorological sensor and data acquisition board, the meteorological sensor includes wind speed wind direction sensor and precipitation rain fall sensor, institute
It states meteorological sensor to be connected by cable with data acquisition board, the data that the data acquisition board is used to acquire meteorological sensor are defeated
Out to master control end calculator.
9. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, the master control
Calculator is held to be equipped with man-machine input interface, the man-machine input interface is for user's login, equipment control, parameter setting, equipment
Selection adds and scrapes control and failure feedback display.
10. a kind of photovoltaic plant intelligent cleaning system as described in claim 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, the photovoltaic
It further includes cloud server that monitoring system is cleaned in power station, and the cloud server passes through internet and communication module and master control end
Calculator realizes communication, and is connected with cell phone client by internet, and cell phone client passes through the interaction of B/S structure.
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| CN113996623A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-01 | 广州文远知行科技有限公司 | Remote cleaning method and system for sensor and storage medium |
| CN114649866A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-21 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Energy-saving distributed photovoltaic power station convenient for data analysis and working method |
| CN114649866B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-10-27 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司苏州供电分公司 | Energy-saving distributed photovoltaic power station convenient for data analysis and working method |
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