CN109138929B - Underground oil pumping machine - Google Patents
Underground oil pumping machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109138929B CN109138929B CN201811195414.9A CN201811195414A CN109138929B CN 109138929 B CN109138929 B CN 109138929B CN 201811195414 A CN201811195414 A CN 201811195414A CN 109138929 B CN109138929 B CN 109138929B
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- oil
- pipe
- hydraulic
- well
- underground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/129—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by fluid supplied from outside the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground oil extraction, and particularly relates to an underground oil pumping unit which is compact and reasonable in structure, low in maintenance cost, safe and environment-friendly in an oil extraction production process, and capable of effectively reducing the working strength of workers and greatly improving the production working efficiency. An underground pumping unit, comprising: the underground oil pumping unit, the combined oil well coil pipe and the Christmas tree are connected with one end of the combined oil well coil pipe through a wellhead hanger; the underground oil pumping operation unit consists of a deep well hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder and an oil pump; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is provided with an upper cavity main oil pipe, an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe, a lower cavity main oil pipe and a lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe; a hydraulic cylinder piston rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and an oil well pump piston, a valve seat, a valve core and a spring are arranged in the oil well pump; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the piston of the oil well pump; the oil pump piston is sleeved in the valve seat, the valve core is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat, and the spring is arranged on the back of the valve seat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground oil extraction, and particularly relates to an underground oil pumping unit.
Background
The oil pumping unit is used as the most important lifting mechanical equipment of a rod oil pumping system, and the performance of the oil pumping unit plays an important role in oil exploitation. Present mechanical oil recovery equipment can specifically be divided into according to the difference of its working method: beam-pumping units, electric submersible centrifugal pump well pumping units, ground drive screw pump well pumping units, and the like. However, the inventor finds that the loss of domestic oil and gas exploitation enterprises is serious due to the continuous low oil price at the present stage; in order to cope with the impact of low oil price, oil and gas exploitation companies at home and abroad take various cost-reducing remedial measures such as investment pressure, operation reduction, shutdown of low-efficiency wells and the like. However, because of a lot of cost forming factors in the crude oil production process, the cost forming factors capable of being compressed are limited, and for domestic oil enterprises, the resource deterioration trend is obvious, and unless crude oil exploitation equipment and an exploitation process are supported by major technical breakthroughs or policy faces, most of domestic oil fields still cannot get rid of the situation of loss under the existing oil price situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an underground pumping unit which has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, low maintenance cost, safety and environmental protection in the oil extraction production process, and can effectively reduce the working strength of workers and greatly improve the production working efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an underground pumping unit, comprising:
the underground oil pumping operation unit is arranged below a wellhead;
a composite oil well coiled pipe disposed on the wellhead;
and a Christmas tree connected with one end of the combined oil well coil pipe through a wellhead hanger;
the underground oil pumping operation unit consists of a deep well hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder and an oil pump; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is provided with an upper cavity main oil pipe, an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe, a lower cavity main oil pipe and a lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with two oil pipe joints of the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the upper cavity main oil pipe and the upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with two oil pipe joints of the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the lower cavity main oil pipe and the lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe;
a hydraulic cylinder piston rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and an oil well pump piston, a valve seat, a valve core and a spring are arranged in the oil well pump; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the piston of the oil well pump; the oil pump piston is sleeved in the valve seat, the valve core is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat, and the spring is arranged on the back of the valve seat.
Furthermore, the combined oil well coil pipe is composed of a hydraulic oil return pipe, a hydraulic oil inlet pipe and a crude oil pipe which are wrapped in a shell of the combined oil well coil pipe.
Furthermore, a reversing valve hydraulic oil inlet pipe and a reversing valve hydraulic oil return pipe are also arranged on the deep well hydraulic reversing valve; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic oil inlet pipe in the combined oil well coil pipe through a hydraulic oil inlet pipe of the reversing valve; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic oil return pipe in the combined oil well coil pipe through a hydraulic oil return pipe of the reversing valve.
Preferably, the cylinder sleeve of the hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder sleeve of the oil well pump are connected end to end in a threaded manner to form a shell of the underground oil pumping operation unit.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the oil pump piston are connected through a connecting thread and a connecting pin.
Further, the underground pumping unit further comprises:
a combined pipe guide wheel;
the lifter is used for adjusting the height position of the guide wheel of the combined pipe;
a winch for installing the composite oil well coiled tubing;
and the hydraulic work station is connected with the other end of the combined oil well coil.
The invention provides an underground oil pumping unit, which comprises an underground oil pumping operation unit, a combined oil well coil, a Christmas tree and other structural units; the underground oil pumping operation unit consists of a deep well hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder and an oil pump. Compared with the existing pumping unit, the underground pumping unit with the structural characteristics at least has the following characteristics:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the occupied area is small, safe and environment-friendly; the land single well occupied area is within four square meters in the normal maintenance and operation process of the local lower pumping unit in the oil well, the cluster well occupied area is within 1.5 square meters, the average offshore occupied area is within 1 square meter, and the method is low in noise and less in pollution.
Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the intelligent and energy-saving oil well has low operation cost; through the control to the motor of the pumping unit, the operations of starting, stopping, quickly pumping, slowly pumping and the like of the pumping unit can be completed, and the remote control is convenient. Through calculation, the average electricity consumption of the oil well with 1500 m deep dynamic liquid level is below 12 ℃. The used operation equipment is less, and the oil well operation cost is low.
Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the oil recovery maintenance cost is low: because the pumping unit is arranged at the bottom of the well, only the motor and the pump work when the pumping unit works, and the manual operation links are few, so the oil extraction maintenance cost is low.
Fourthly: the application range is wide: it is not only suitable for the exploitation of conventional oil well, but also suitable for the exploitation of thick oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underground pumping unit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cluster well series connection of underground pumping units according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an underground pumping unit of the underground pumping unit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic directional control valve for a deep well in an underground pumping unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a composite well coil in an underground pumping unit provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic cylinder and an oil well pump in the underground oil pumping unit provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an underground pumping unit which has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, low maintenance cost, safety and environmental protection in the oil extraction production process, and can effectively reduce the working strength of workers and greatly improve the production working efficiency.
As shown in fig. 1, the underground pumping unit includes an underground pumping unit 1 disposed under a wellhead, a combined well coil 2 disposed on the wellhead, and a christmas tree (not shown in fig. 1) connected to one end of the combined well coil 2 through a wellhead hanger. In addition, a combination tubing guide wheel 3, a hoist 4, a winch 5 and a hydraulic work station connected to the other end of the combination well coil 2 are preferably provided. Wherein, the lifter 4 is used for adjusting the height position of the combined pipe guide wheel 3; the drawworks 5 is then used to position the unitized well coil.
The installation process of the underground pumping unit can be described as follows: firstly, a continuous combined oil well coil 2 with the length of thousands of meters passes through a combined pipe guide wheel 3 on a lifter 4 by a special winch 5, an underground oil pumping operation unit 1 is arranged below the working fluid level of an oil well from a well head, and then one end 2 of the combined oil well coil is fixed on a Christmas tree at the well head through a hanger. On the contrary, the process of recovering the pumping unit can be completed by the same equipment as shown in fig. 1 and using a similar process. As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cluster well series of underground pumping units according to the present invention. When the local lower pumping unit is used on a cluster well, the normal work of each oil well can be realized only by connecting adjacent oil wells through three pipelines (an oil inlet pipeline a, an oil return pipeline b and a crude oil pipeline c) (7 is a Christmas tree of a well mouth), and all wells can also share one hydraulic pump station. If the oil extraction liquid volume of a certain single well needs to be adjusted, the valve of the hydraulic oil inlet pipe of the corresponding oil well only needs to be switched on and off, and if the well needs to be closed, the three valves of the well are closed.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the underground oil pumping operation unit 1 is composed of a deep well hydraulic directional control valve 11, a hydraulic cylinder 12, and an oil pump 13 (fig. 3 also shows three pipelines of a hydraulic oil inlet pipe 21, a hydraulic oil return pipe 22, and a crude oil pipe 23 connected to the underground oil pumping operation unit 1). Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the deep well hydraulic directional control valve 11 is connected to an upper cavity main oil pipe 111, an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe 112, a lower cavity main oil pipe 113, a lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe 114, a directional control valve hydraulic oil inlet pipe 115, and a directional control valve hydraulic oil return pipe 116; wherein, the deep well hydraulic reversing valve 11 is communicated with two oil pipe joints on the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 12 through an upper cavity main oil pipe 111 and an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe 112; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve 11 is communicated with two oil pipe joints of the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 12 through a lower cavity main oil pipe 113 and a lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe 114; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve 11 is communicated with the hydraulic oil inlet pipe 21 in the combined oil well coil 2 through the reversing valve hydraulic oil inlet pipe 115; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve 11 is communicated with the hydraulic oil return pipe 22 in the combined oil well coil 2 through the reversing valve hydraulic oil return pipe 116. As shown in fig. 5, the combined oil well coil 2 is composed of a hydraulic oil inlet pipe 21, a hydraulic oil return pipe 22 and a crude oil pipe 23, and a combined oil well coil shell 24 is wrapped around the hydraulic oil inlet pipe 21, the hydraulic oil return pipe 22 and the crude oil pipe 23. It is worth noting that after the combined oil well coil 2 is connected with a Christmas tree through a wellhead hanger, the hydraulic oil inlet pipe 21 and the oil inlet pipeline a, the hydraulic oil return pipe 22 and the oil return pipeline b, and the crude oil pipe 23 and the crude oil pipeline c preferably establish a one-to-one corresponding connection relationship through threads.
As shown in fig. 6, a cylinder piston rod 121 is further disposed in the cylinder 12, and a pump piston 131, a valve seat 132, a valve core 133 and a spring 134 are disposed in the pump 13; wherein, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 121 is connected with the oil pump piston 131; the oil pump piston 131 is sleeved in the valve seat 132, the valve core 133 is installed at the bottom of the valve seat 132, and the spring 134 is installed on the back of the valve seat 132. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the process of establishing the connection relationship between the hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the oil well pump piston, the connection is preferably completed through a connecting thread and a connecting pin; the cylinder sleeve of the hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder sleeve of the oil well pump can be connected through head and tail threads, so that the cylinder sleeves and the cylinder sleeves are used for jointly forming a shell of an underground oil pumping operation unit (refer to fig. 3).
The specific working process of the local pumping unit is further described with reference to the following drawings: firstly, high-pressure hydraulic oil is pressed into a hydraulic oil inlet pipe of a coil pipe of the combined oil well by a ground hydraulic workstation; then the high-pressure hydraulic oil is subjected to the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a lower cavity main oil pipe of the deep well hydraulic reversing valve to push a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to move upwards so as to force the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to enter the deep well hydraulic reversing valve through an upper cavity main oil pipe; and then returns to the oil tank of the ground hydraulic workstation through a hydraulic oil return pipe of the combined oil well coil pipe. For a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, when the piston rod moves upwards to reach a top dead center, hydraulic oil of an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe communicated with an upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder generates high pressure, so that the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is reversed. After the hydraulic reversing valve of the deep well is reversed, high-pressure hydraulic oil of a hydraulic oil inlet pipe of the combined oil well coil pipe is subjected to upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the upper cavity main oil pipe; at the moment, the piston of the hydraulic cylinder begins to move downwards, and hydraulic oil in the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder returns to an oil tank of the ground hydraulic workstation through the main oil pipe of the lower cavity, the hydraulic reversing valve of the deep well and the hydraulic oil return pipe of the combined oil well coil pipe. Meanwhile, the oil pump piston suction valve combination device arranged on the hydraulic cylinder piston rod also completes one ascending and descending work along with the motion track of the piston rod, and the suction valve and the discharge valve of the oil pump are opened and closed once respectively, namely one work cycle of the oil pump is completed. In summary, when the local pumping unit works, the mining of the liquid and gas in the oil well can be completed only by supplying corresponding high-pressure hydraulic oil to the ground hydraulic workstation and driving the hydraulic cylinder to start working through the hydraulic oil return pipe and the hydraulic oil inlet pipe.
The invention provides an underground oil pumping unit, which comprises an underground oil pumping operation unit, a combined oil well coil, a Christmas tree and other structural units; the underground oil pumping operation unit consists of a deep well hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder and an oil pump. Compared with the existing pumping unit, the underground pumping unit with the structural characteristics at least has the following characteristics:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the occupied area is small, safe and environment-friendly; the land single well occupied area is within four square meters in the normal maintenance and operation process of the local lower pumping unit in the oil well, the cluster well occupied area is within 1.5 square meters, the average offshore occupied area is within 1 square meter, and the method is low in noise and less in pollution.
Secondly, the method comprises the following steps: the intelligent and energy-saving oil well has low operation cost; through the control to the motor of the pumping unit, the operations of starting, stopping, quickly pumping, slowly pumping and the like of the pumping unit can be completed, and the remote control is convenient. Through calculation, the average electricity consumption of the oil well with 1500 m deep dynamic liquid level is below 12 ℃. The used operation equipment is less, and the oil well operation cost is low.
Thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: the oil recovery maintenance cost is low: because the pumping unit is arranged at the bottom of the well, only the motor and the pump work when the pumping unit works, and the manual operation links are few, so the oil extraction maintenance cost is low.
Fourthly: the application range is wide: it is not only suitable for the exploitation of conventional oil well, but also suitable for the exploitation of thick oil.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An underground pumping unit, comprising:
the underground oil pumping operation unit is arranged below a wellhead;
a composite oil well coiled pipe disposed on the wellhead;
and a Christmas tree connected with one end of the combined oil well coil pipe through a wellhead hanger;
the underground oil pumping operation unit consists of a deep well hydraulic reversing valve, a hydraulic cylinder and an oil pump; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is provided with an upper cavity main oil pipe, an upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe, a lower cavity main oil pipe and a lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with two oil pipe joints of the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the upper cavity main oil pipe and the upper cavity auxiliary oil pipe; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with two oil pipe joints of the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the lower cavity main oil pipe and the lower cavity auxiliary oil pipe;
a hydraulic cylinder piston rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and an oil well pump piston, a valve seat, a valve core and a spring are arranged in the oil well pump; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the piston of the oil well pump; the piston of the oil pump is sleeved in the valve seat, the valve core is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat, and the spring is arranged on the back of the valve seat;
the combined oil well coil pipe consists of a hydraulic oil return pipe, a hydraulic oil inlet pipe and a crude oil pipe which are coated in a shell of the combined oil well coil pipe;
the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is also provided with a reversing valve hydraulic oil inlet pipe and a reversing valve hydraulic oil return pipe; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic oil inlet pipe in the combined oil well coil pipe through a hydraulic oil inlet pipe of the reversing valve; the deep well hydraulic reversing valve is communicated with a hydraulic oil return pipe in the combined oil well coil pipe through a hydraulic oil return pipe of the reversing valve.
2. The underground pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the cylinder sleeve of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the cylinder sleeve of the oil well pump by end-to-end threads to form a housing of the underground oil well pumping unit.
3. The underground pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the cylinder rod is connected to the pump piston by a connecting thread and a connecting pin.
4. The underground pumping unit of claim 1, further comprising:
a combined pipe guide wheel;
the lifter is used for adjusting the height position of the guide wheel of the combined pipe;
a winch for installing the composite oil well coiled tubing;
and the hydraulic work station is connected with the other end of the combined oil well coil.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201811195414.9A CN109138929B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Underground oil pumping machine |
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CN201811195414.9A CN109138929B (en) | 2018-10-15 | 2018-10-15 | Underground oil pumping machine |
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CN109138929A CN109138929A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
CN109138929B true CN109138929B (en) | 2021-05-04 |
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Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2473643A1 (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-07-17 | Comte Pierre | Immersible pump with direct driven top piston - has piston action transmitted through water column and return spring |
CN1075191A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1993-08-11 | 周逢春 | Hydraulic cylinder type pumping unit in well and oil production method |
CN2511810Y (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2002-09-18 | 曹冠军 | Efficient boosting valve for oil pump |
CN1508382A (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-06-30 | 宋逸飞 | Hydraulic self-controlled pumping unit |
CN101781979A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 莫比森(北京)石油天然气技术开发有限公司 | Hydraulic driving oil extraction equipment |
CN205135475U (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-04-06 | 威海鸿通管材股份有限公司 | Nonmetal cabling oil pipe in succession rises device of going into well |
CN106014347A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-12 | 刘军 | Linear hydraulic motor oil production equipment of rodless oil production |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7086486B2 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2006-08-08 | Bj Services Company | Flow control valve and method of controlling rotation in a downhole tool |
-
2018
- 2018-10-15 CN CN201811195414.9A patent/CN109138929B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2473643A1 (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-07-17 | Comte Pierre | Immersible pump with direct driven top piston - has piston action transmitted through water column and return spring |
CN1075191A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1993-08-11 | 周逢春 | Hydraulic cylinder type pumping unit in well and oil production method |
CN2511810Y (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2002-09-18 | 曹冠军 | Efficient boosting valve for oil pump |
CN1508382A (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-06-30 | 宋逸飞 | Hydraulic self-controlled pumping unit |
CN101781979A (en) * | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 莫比森(北京)石油天然气技术开发有限公司 | Hydraulic driving oil extraction equipment |
CN205135475U (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-04-06 | 威海鸿通管材股份有限公司 | Nonmetal cabling oil pipe in succession rises device of going into well |
CN106014347A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-12 | 刘军 | Linear hydraulic motor oil production equipment of rodless oil production |
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