CN109133958A - 一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109133958A CN109133958A CN201810981491.0A CN201810981491A CN109133958A CN 109133958 A CN109133958 A CN 109133958A CN 201810981491 A CN201810981491 A CN 201810981491A CN 109133958 A CN109133958 A CN 109133958A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- silicon carbide
- oxidized substance
- carbide brick
- major ingredient
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical group [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C04B35/806—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/428—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/46—Gases other than oxygen used as reactant, e.g. nitrogen used to make a nitride phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/524—Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/526—Fibers characterised by the length of the fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5264—Fibers characterised by the diameter of the fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种成本低廉、工艺简单、氮化反应更充分、冷热态强度更高、韧性更好且使用寿命显著提高的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法。主料包括碳化硅骨料和粉料、金属硅、氧化铝微粉、二氧化硅微粉，本发明在创新地现有碳化硅砖工艺基础上，引进有机纤维，有机纤维在低温（低于200度）下可被融化或烧失而留下纤维状空间，高温氮气环境下，Si和N2以气相方式优先在该纤维空间内形成非氧化结合相并获得更好的发育程度，从而在砖体内部形成呈纤维状弥散穿插分布的簇状非氧化物相，从而提高碳化硅砖的强度和韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碳化硅砖，尤其涉及一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硅砖是以碳化硅骨料及细粉为主要原料，选择合适结合方式，通过机压或浇注成形，再经烘烤和高温烧成之后获得的高档耐火材料，具有化学稳定性好、热导率高、冷热态强度高、耐磨性好等优点，广泛应用于钢铁、有色冶金、石化等行业的高温窑炉内衬上。
碳化硅（SiC）砖按照结合方式分为氧化物结合和非氧化物结合两大类。非氧化物结合根据具体结合物相, 又可分为氮化硅（Si3N4）结合、氧氮化硅（Si2N2O）结合和塞隆（Sialon）结合。
碳化硅砖的原料主要为碳化硅、金属硅以及SiO2、Al2O3（视品种选择）等少量添加组分，常用结合剂为木质素磺酸钙、糊精或树脂。采用压制成型和高温氮化烧成。在氮化烧成中，金属硅与氮气（N2）通过气相反应生成Si3N4以及Si2N2O、Sialon等非氧化物结合相，从而产生极好的冷、热态强度。
非氧化物结合碳化硅砖在生产过程中，氮化程度受制品形状尤其是厚度的影响很大，因为与氮气的反应总是自砖体表面开始，逐步向里，当砖体过厚时，表层氮化程度较高,而内部氮化程度低，使得内外成分及强度均有差异。加之碳化硅砖在使用中需经受频繁的冷热循环以及极高的温度梯度，使其常因砖体内部热应力过大而损毁。鉴于此，如何提高和促进碳化硅砖在氮化烧成中的氮化程度和效率并进一步提高碳化硅砖的冷热态强度是非氧化物结合碳化硅砖的研究重点之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述技术问题存在的不足，提供一种成本低廉、工艺简单、氮化反应更充分、冷热态强度更高、韧性更好且使用寿命显著提高的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法。
本发明包括主料、防氧化剂和结合剂，主料包括碳化硅骨料和粉料、金属硅、氧化铝微粉、二氧化硅微粉，加入重量份数为：碳化硅骨料和粉料70-85份，金属硅10-25份，氧化铝微粉0-3份, 二氧化硅微粉0-5份; 防氧化剂加入量是主料总重量的0-2%，结合剂加入量是主料总重量的2-5%，有机纤维加入量是主料总重量的0.1-0.5%。
其中防氧化剂、结合剂和有机纤维均为外加形式加入。
其中有机纤维为防爆纤维，可在200度下融化从而形成微细气孔。
其中有机纤维直径20~40μm，长度3~5mm。引入有机纤维的目的在于通过其在一定温度下融化产生若干个空隙，这些空隙有利于氮化反应中为窑内氮气提供进入砖体内部的通道，不仅提高和促进碳化硅砖在氮化烧成中的氮化程度和效率, 减小或消除砖体表面和内部的氮化反应程度差异，综合提高最终产品碳化硅砖的综合性能; 而且利用这些空隙,高温氮气环境下，Si和N2以气相方式优先在该纤维空间内形成非氧化结合相并获得更好的发育程度，从而在砖体内部形成呈纤维状弥散穿插分布的簇状非氧化物相，并均匀弥散在碳化硅砖内部的结构特征，从而起到增强、增韧的目的。
如果有机纤维过粗则形成的空隙过大，新生成的非氧化物相有可能在其空隙内部填充不足，这将对材料结构带来劣化作用；如果有机纤维过细则不利于氮气顺利进入，新相填充空隙后仍有剩余，则增强、增韧效果有所欠缺。有机纤维过长，则在混料过程中易团成絮状、球状，不利于分散，也无法形成很好的定向分布的非氧化物新相簇状群结构。
其中碳化硅骨料采用98级别，分粗、中、细三个粒级，如2.5-1.43 mm、1.43-0.5mm、0.5-0mm，骨料总量为主料总重量的65-75%；
其中三个粒级可以在一定量下配比，也可只用中、细两个粒级，即1.43-0.5和0.5-0mm，骨料总量仍为主料总重量的65-75%；
其中碳化硅细粉采用98级别，细度为200目和325目两种或其中一种，合计加入量为主料总重量的10~15%。
其中金属硅粉采用98级别，细度为200目、325目、400目中的一种、两种或多种的组合，合计加入量为主料总重量的10~15%。
其中氧化铝微粉采用活性氧化铝微粉，提高反应活性，粒度D50在1~3微米之间。
其中二氧化硅微粉要求SiO2含量大于96%，来自于铁合金冶炼的副产物。
其中防氧化剂形态为325目以下的细粉，种类可为硼酸、碳化硼、五氧化二钒、钠长石、氧化锰等的一种或多种组合。
其中结合剂为酚醛树脂、木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸镁、糊精的一种或多种组合。
本发明这种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖的制备方法为：
步骤一、混料顺序：所有粉料及防氧化剂预混备用;在轮碾机中加入骨料，干混5分钟；加入结合剂干混5分钟；加入水湿混5分钟；加入粉料进一步混20~30分钟；最后拿0.5mm筛网将有机纤维筛入混料机，全部筛入后，继续混合5分钟出料;
步骤二、成形工艺；成形工艺采用正常压制成形，将混合后物料倒入模具内，在一定压力下成形;采用摩擦压砖机、油压机或者人工捣打成形;
步骤三、坯体在200℃干燥48小时后，进行高温氮化烧成，烧成温度为1430~1480℃, 即得到这种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖。
其中步骤二中因为有机纤维很细小，能够在物料内分布很均匀，且成形对外观没有负面影响，所以可以正常成形。
本发明在创新地现有碳化硅砖工艺基础上，引进有机纤维，有机纤维在低温（低于200度）下可被融化或烧失而留下纤维状空间，高温氮气环境下，Si和N2以气相方式优先在该纤维空间内形成非氧化结合相并获得更好的发育程度，从而在砖体内部形成呈纤维状弥散穿插分布的簇状非氧化物相，从而提高碳化硅砖的强度和韧性。此外，有机纤维带来的气孔效应还能提高氮化反应进行程度，减小或消除砖体表面和内部的氮化反应程度差异，综合提高碳化硅砖的结合和性能。
具体实施方式
对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
以下实施例详细说明了本发明。
实施例1：
98碳化硅颗粒三个粒级合计70份（20-30-20）、98碳化硅细粉325目15份、98金属硅240目10份、98金属硅400目5份; 外加糊精结合剂3%; 加入的有机纤维为0.2%, 直径30μm，长度4mm;
制备方法为：
步骤一、混料顺序：所有粉料及防氧化剂预混备用。在轮碾机中加入骨料，干混5分钟；加入结合剂干混5分钟；加入水湿混5分钟；加入粉料进一步混20~30分钟；最后拿0.5mm筛网将有机纤维筛入混料机，全部筛入后，继续混合5分钟出料;
步骤二、成形工艺；成形工艺采用正常压制成形，将混合后物料倒入模具内，在一定压力下成形;采用摩擦压砖机、油压机或者人工捣打成形;
步骤三、坯体在200℃干燥48小时后，进行高温氮化烧成，烧成温度为1430~1480℃, 即得到这种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖。
实施1与原砖性能对比：
实施例2：
98碳化硅颗粒三个粒级合计68份（20-30-20）、98碳化硅细粉325目7份、98金属硅240目10份、98金属硅400目5份; 二氧化硅微粉5份, 外加木质素磺酸钙结合剂2%; 加入的有机纤维为0.2%, 直径30μm，长度4mm;
制备方法为：
步骤一、混料顺序：所有粉料及防氧化剂预混备用。在轮碾机中加入骨料，干混5分钟；加入结合剂干混5分钟；加入水湿混5分钟；加入粉料进一步混20~30分钟；最后拿0.5mm筛网将有机纤维筛入混料机，全部筛入后，继续混合5分钟出料;
步骤二、成形工艺；成形工艺采用正常压制成形，将混合后物料倒入模具内，在一定压力下成形;采用摩擦压砖机、油压机或者人工捣打成形;
步骤三、坯体在200℃干燥48小时后，进行高温氮化烧成，烧成温度为1430~1480℃, 即得到这种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖。
实施例2与原砖性能对比：
Claims (8)
1.一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：包括主料、防氧化剂和结合剂，主料包括碳化硅骨料和粉料、金属硅、氧化铝微粉、二氧化硅微粉，加入重量份数为：碳化硅骨料和粉料70-85份，金属硅10-25份，氧化铝微粉0-3份, 二氧化硅微粉0-5份; 防氧化剂加入量是主料总重量的0-2%，结合剂加入量是主料总重量的2-5%，有机纤维加入量是主料总重量的0.1-0.5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：有机纤维为防爆纤维，可在200度下融化从而形成微细气孔。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：有机纤维直径20~40μm，长度3~5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：碳化硅骨料采用98级别，分粗、中、细三个粒级，如2.5-1.43 mm、1.43-0.5 mm、0.5-0mm，骨料总量为主料总重量的65-75%；三个粒级可以在一定量下配比，也可只用中、细两个粒级，即1.43-0.5和0.5-0mm，骨料总量仍为主料总重量的65-75%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：
碳化硅细粉采用98级别，细度为200目和325目两种或其中一种，合计加入量为主料总重量的10~15%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：金属硅粉采用98级别，细度为200目、325目、400目中的一种、两种或多种的组合，合计加入量为主料总重量的10~15%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖，其特征在于：二氧化硅微粉要求SiO2含量大于96%，来自于铁合金冶炼的副产物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤一、混料顺序：所有粉料及防氧化剂预混备用；在轮碾机中加入骨料，干混5分钟；加入结合剂干混5分钟；加入水湿混5分钟；加入粉料进一步混20~30分钟；最后拿0.5mm筛网将有机纤维筛入混料机，全部筛入后，继续混合5分钟出料;步骤二、成形工艺；成形工艺采用正常压制成形，将混合后物料倒入模具内，在一定压力下成形;采用摩擦压砖机、油压机或者人工捣打成形;步骤三、坯体在200℃干燥48小时后，进行高温氮化烧成，烧成温度为1430~1480℃, 即得到这种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810981491.0A CN109133958B (zh) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | 一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810981491.0A CN109133958B (zh) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | 一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109133958A true CN109133958A (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109133958B CN109133958B (zh) | 2021-01-01 |
Family
ID=64828257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810981491.0A Active CN109133958B (zh) | 2018-08-27 | 2018-08-27 | 一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109133958B (zh) |
Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5221578A (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1993-06-22 | Northrop Corporation | Weak frangible fiber coating with unfilled pores for toughening ceramic fiber-matrix composites |
| JPH05286774A (ja) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 耐熱繊維強化複合材料およびその製造方法 |
| CN1102632A (zh) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-05-17 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 纤维增强复合材料及其制造方法以及用它制成的部件 |
| KR20020050453A (ko) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | 이구택 | 고로 출선구 폐쇄용 내화재 조성물 |
| CN1821168A (zh) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-23 | 西安交通大学 | 一种氮化硅多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN101255057A (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | 一种氮化硅多孔陶瓷组方及制备方法 |
| CN101774814A (zh) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-07-14 | 天津大学 | 陶瓷和碳纳米纤维复合材料及制备方法 |
| CN101823892A (zh) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-08 | 河南科技大学 | 一种无水泥的原位氮化硅结合碳化硅预制件及制备方法 |
| CN102093041A (zh) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-15 | 河南科技大学 | 二氧化锆-非氧化物原位复合铝碳耐火材料及其制备方法 |
| CN103086736A (zh) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 一种纤维预制体增强多孔氮化硼复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN104119837A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 太仓力达莱特精密工业有限公司 | 一种纤维增强陶瓷基摩擦材料的制备方法 |
| CN105727755A (zh) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种梯度孔隙氮化硅结合碳化硅膜管及其制备方法 |
| CN106007758A (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-10-12 | 葫芦岛市华能工业陶瓷有限公司 | 增韧的氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106319934A (zh) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 碳化硅纳米线原位增强的碳化硅纤维材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106478107A (zh) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-08 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种氮化硅晶须结合碳化硅多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-08-27 CN CN201810981491.0A patent/CN109133958B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5221578A (en) * | 1991-03-13 | 1993-06-22 | Northrop Corporation | Weak frangible fiber coating with unfilled pores for toughening ceramic fiber-matrix composites |
| JPH05286774A (ja) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 耐熱繊維強化複合材料およびその製造方法 |
| CN1102632A (zh) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-05-17 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 纤维增强复合材料及其制造方法以及用它制成的部件 |
| KR20020050453A (ko) * | 2000-12-21 | 2002-06-27 | 이구택 | 고로 출선구 폐쇄용 내화재 조성물 |
| CN1821168A (zh) * | 2006-03-02 | 2006-08-23 | 西安交通大学 | 一种氮化硅多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
| CN101255057A (zh) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | 一种氮化硅多孔陶瓷组方及制备方法 |
| CN101774814A (zh) * | 2010-01-14 | 2010-07-14 | 天津大学 | 陶瓷和碳纳米纤维复合材料及制备方法 |
| CN101823892A (zh) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-08 | 河南科技大学 | 一种无水泥的原位氮化硅结合碳化硅预制件及制备方法 |
| CN102093041A (zh) * | 2010-12-28 | 2011-06-15 | 河南科技大学 | 二氧化锆-非氧化物原位复合铝碳耐火材料及其制备方法 |
| CN103086736A (zh) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 一种纤维预制体增强多孔氮化硼复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN104119837A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 太仓力达莱特精密工业有限公司 | 一种纤维增强陶瓷基摩擦材料的制备方法 |
| CN105727755A (zh) * | 2014-12-09 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种梯度孔隙氮化硅结合碳化硅膜管及其制备方法 |
| CN106319934A (zh) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 碳化硅纳米线原位增强的碳化硅纤维材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106007758A (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-10-12 | 葫芦岛市华能工业陶瓷有限公司 | 增韧的氮化硅结合碳化硅陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN106478107A (zh) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-03-08 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种氮化硅晶须结合碳化硅多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李勇等: "反应烧结氮化硅-碳化硅复合材料的氮化机理", 《硅酸盐学报》 * |
| 王小雅等: "新型纤维材料—陶瓷纤维", 《纤维素科学与技术》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109133958B (zh) | 2021-01-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103588494B (zh) | 滑板砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN102584293B (zh) | 一种镁锆碳质滑动水口的制备方法 | |
| CN102276273B (zh) | 氮化硅结合刚玉透气砖及制备方法 | |
| CN110563476A (zh) | 纤维增强耐火砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN114988879B (zh) | 一种大型复相反应烧结碳化硅制品及制备方法 | |
| CN107141002A (zh) | 用于脱硫搅拌器的复合纤维增强耐火浇注料 | |
| CN102775165A (zh) | 高炉出铁沟浇注料 | |
| CN112876265A (zh) | 一种钛硅碳金属复合转炉挡渣滑板砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN104529494B (zh) | 水泥窑过渡带用氮化硅铁-铝铬渣耐火材料及制备方法 | |
| CN105948724A (zh) | 一种铁口泥套浇注料 | |
| CN105218116B (zh) | 一种无铬砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN101423412A (zh) | 低温烧成制备高性能氧化硅结合碳化硅耐火材料的方法 | |
| CN110218080A (zh) | 原位氮化生成氮化硅镁结合镁碳耐火材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN106946550B (zh) | 一种抗剥落性能优良的镁尖晶石砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN103896606B (zh) | 一种高炉陶瓷杯用耐火材料 | |
| CN113321495A (zh) | 一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料 | |
| CN105859297A (zh) | 一种碳化硅复合耐火材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN105152663B (zh) | 一种氮化硅结合氮化硅铁材料的制备方法 | |
| CN101348377B (zh) | 用合成的MgO-SiC-C质材料制备耐火材料的方法 | |
| CN109133958A (zh) | 一种原位定向非氧化物增强碳化硅砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN101298099A (zh) | 一种超低碳钢用水口的制作方法 | |
| CN101337822B (zh) | 基于镁橄榄石-C的MgO-SiC-C质耐火浇注料及其制备方法 | |
| CN111892411B (zh) | 氮化物-碳化硅-六铝酸钙复合耐火制品及其制备方法 | |
| CN108558370A (zh) | 一种CMA水泥结合MgO-MA不烧砖及其制备方法 | |
| CN114349523A (zh) | 一种高导热不烧氧化铝-碳滑板砖及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |