CN109126635B

CN109126635B - a granulator

Info

Publication number: CN109126635B
Application number: CN201811263027.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨海霞; 许建东
Original assignee: JIANGSU ZUZEM VALVES CO Ltd; Wuxi Institute of Technology
Current assignee: JIANGSU ZUZEM VALVES CO Ltd; Wuxi Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2018-10-27
Filing date: 2018-10-27
Publication date: 2023-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-27
Also published as: CN109126635A

Abstract

The technology provides a granulator with small stress, stable load, long service life, low energy consumption, high yield and high production efficiency of parts such as a ring die and the like, which comprises a machine base, two meshed gear ring dies, wherein the gear ring dies are rotatably arranged on a gear ring die shaft; one of the two gear ring mould shafts is a fixed shaft and the other is a floating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixed on the machine base, and the floating shaft is arranged on the machine base and can move relative to the fixed shaft in the radial direction; an elastic element is arranged between the base and the floating shaft; the engine base is provided with a power mechanism for driving one gear ring die to rotate; the gear ring die is provided with a die hole extending along the radial direction; the inlet and the outlet of the die hole are respectively arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring of the gear ring die; a feeding channel is arranged on the machine base, and an outlet of the feeding channel is positioned at the meshing part of the outer rings of the two gear ring dies; the material entering through the feeding channel is pressed into the die hole from the die hole inlet by two meshed gear ring dies to form a material rod which is discharged from the die hole.

Description

Granulating machine

Technical Field

The technology relates to a granulator, which is used for isobarically preparing crushed feed and biomass particles into high-density bars.

Background

The existing compression roller ring die granulator, see figure 1, comprises a ring die 1 fixed on a machine base, wherein the ring die is provided with a die hole along the radial direction; a main shaft 2 which rotates is arranged in the ring mould, two sides of the main shaft are fixedly provided with a press roller shaft 3, and two press rollers 4 are respectively and rotatably arranged on the press roller shaft 3 through bearings. The roller shaft is provided with a lubrication oil hole for lubricating the bearing. The outer circumferential surface of the compression roller is internally tangent with the inner circumferential surface of the ring die. The main shaft rotates, the compression roller always moves along the inner peripheral surface of the annular die, and after crushed materials entering the inner ring of the annular die are pressed into the die holes by the compression roller, the crushed materials come out of the outer ring of the annular die to form high-density material bars. The defects are that: the two press rolls of the press roll ring die granulator are simultaneously extruded from the opposite sides, and the ring die is stressed from inside to outside and is easy to crack and damage; the compression roller and the ring die slide relatively, materials are easy to block between the compression roller and the ring die, the load is large, main parts such as the compression roller, the compression roller shaft, the ring die and the like are stressed greatly, the temperature rises, and the ring die is damaged after being used for a period of time; the motor has high power consumption, low yield and high energy consumption; because the compression roller is sealed in a cavity comprising a ring mould and the like, and the lubrication oil adding hole is arranged on the compression roller shaft, the cavity needs to be opened when lubricating oil is added, which is quite inconvenient; meanwhile, because the temperature of the parts is high, when lubricating oil is required to be added frequently, and when the lubricating oil is required to be added, the machine is stopped, so that the production efficiency is low. In addition, the distance between the press roller and the ring mold is fixed, and if hard impurities enter between the press roller and the ring mold, damage to the press roller or the ring mold can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The granulator has the advantages of small stress, stable load, long service life, low energy consumption, high yield and high production efficiency of parts such as the ring mould.

The granulator comprises a machine base, two meshed gear ring dies and a rotary shaft, wherein the gear ring dies are rotatably arranged on the gear ring die shaft; one of the two gear ring mould shafts is a fixed shaft, and the other is a floating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixed on the machine base, and the floating shaft is arranged on the machine base and can move relative to the fixed shaft in the radial direction; an elastic element which enables the gear ring die on the floating shaft to be contacted with the gear ring die on the fixed shaft in a normal state is arranged between the base and the floating shaft; the engine base is provided with a power mechanism for driving one gear ring die to rotate; the gear ring die is provided with a die hole extending along the radial direction; the inlet and the outlet of the die hole are respectively arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring of the gear ring die; a feeding channel is arranged on the machine base, and an outlet of the feeding channel is positioned at the meshing part of the outer rings of the two gear ring dies; the material entering through the feeding channel is pressed into the die hole from the die hole inlet by two meshed gear ring dies to form a material rod which is discharged from the die hole.

The beneficial effects of the technology are that: the ring mould of the technology is a gear ring mould with teeth, and the two gear ring moulds are in meshed transmission through the teeth. After the crushed materials enter the meshing parts of the outer rings of the two gear ring dies, the crushed materials enter between the meshing teeth on the two gear ring dies along with the meshing rotation of the two gear ring dies, and as the space between the meshing teeth on the two gear ring dies is gradually reduced, the crushed materials are pressed into the die holes to form material rods and are exposed from the die hole outlets at the inner rings of the gear ring dies. The purpose of pressing crushed materials to prepare the material taking rod is achieved. The granulator is a gear ring die granulator, and has the following advantages compared with the traditional compression roller ring die granulator: the gear ring mould adopts a meshed tooth structure to form quantitative forced feeding, materials cannot be blocked, the load is stable, the consumed power is small, and the service life is long. The gear ring die granulator is formed by extrusion molding of materials by meshing two gear ring dies to generate extrusion force, and the gear ring dies are small in stress, cannot be damaged and cannot crack. The radial direction of the gear ring die is provided with the die holes, so that the extrusion resistance is small, the yield is high, and the power consumption is low; the die holes on the two gear ring dies are discharged simultaneously, so that the yield is improved, and compared with the existing compression roller ring die granulator, the energy consumption is reduced at the same yield. The gear ring die granulator has the advantages that no compression roller is needed, the compression roller bearing is not required to be lubricated by lubricating oil, continuous operation can be realized, and the production material rate is high.

Both the stationary shaft and the floating shaft cannot rotate relative to the housing, but the floating shaft can move (translate) radially relative to the stationary shaft, and it is known that hard impurities may be contained in the crushed material, the material between the two gear ring dies may become jammed, and the hard impurities or jammed material, if entering between the teeth, may damage the teeth if the two gear ring dies are relatively unable to move radially (pass through the impurities or jams). This patent adopts a floating axle that can remove for the fixed axle, has solved this problem.

The granulator is characterized in that die holes are formed in the tooth tops and tooth roots of the gear ring die. Preferably, there are two die holes on one tooth tip and two die holes on one tooth root along the circumferential direction of the gear ring die.

In the granulator, when two gear ring dies are meshed, die hole inlets on the two gear ring dies are staggered. That is, the entry of the die hole on one gear ring die at the outer ring of the gear ring die is staggered from the entry of the die hole on the other gear ring die at the outer ring of the other gear ring die, so that the compression ratio of the material is larger. The die hole comprises two sections of round holes with different diameters, and the diameter of one section of round hole at the inlet of the die hole is smaller than that of the other section of round hole at the outlet of the die hole. The round hole with larger diameter can reduce the resistance of the movement of the material rod.

The granulator also comprises a cutter device which is connected to the machine base and comprises a cutter for cutting off the material rod; the cutter is arranged at the inner ring of the gear ring die. The cutter is convenient for cutting off the material rod, and reduces the cutting force on the material rod. The granulator further comprises a discharge blade which is connected to the gear ring die and is positioned in the inner ring of the gear ring die; the cutter is positioned in a gap between the discharge blade and the inner ring of the gear ring die; the material discharging blade forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the gear ring die, and when the material discharging blade rotates along with the gear ring die, the material discharging blade can push a material rod cut off by the cutter to the outer side of the gear ring die. The discharging blade rotating along with the gear ring die can smoothly push the material rod cut by the cutter to the two sides of the gear ring die to be discharged. Of course, in order to prevent interference between the rotating discharge blade and the cutter, the cutter is located in the gap between the discharge blade and the inner ring of the gear ring die.

In the granulator, the base is provided with a limiting device which prevents the floating shaft from moving to the fixed shaft along the radial direction and exceeding the set minimum distance between the floating shaft and the fixed shaft. In order to prevent the floating shaft from moving towards the fixed shaft under the action of the elastic element, so that the pressure between the meshing teeth is large, the meshing teeth are easy to wear, and a limiting device is arranged.

In the granulator, two ends of the floating shaft are arranged on the floating shaft seat, and the floating shaft seat is arranged in two parallel floating shaft sliding grooves on the machine base in a sliding manner; when the two floating shaft seats slide in the floating shaft sliding groove, the floating shaft is driven to move relative to the fixed shaft along the radial direction; the end of the floating shaft chute far away from the fixed shaft is an opening end of the floating shaft seat which can be in and out. The floating shaft seat can be taken out from the opening end of the sliding groove of the floating shaft, and of course, the floating shaft on the floating shaft seat and the gear ring die on the floating shaft can be conveniently taken down from the machine base, so that the damaged gear ring die can be conveniently replaced.

In the granulator, two ends of the fixed shaft are arranged on the fixed shaft seat, and the fixed shaft seat is arranged in two parallel fixed shaft sliding grooves on the machine base in a sliding manner; at least one end part of the fixed shaft chute is an opening end which can be accessed by the fixed shaft seat; the fixed shaft seat is detachably connected in the fixed shaft chute. According to the structure, the fixed shaft seat can be taken out from the opening end of the sliding groove of the fixed shaft, and of course, the fixed shaft on the fixed shaft seat and the gear ring die on the fixed shaft can be conveniently taken down from the machine base, so that the damaged gear ring die can be conveniently replaced.

The granulator is characterized in that a pressing plate is connected to the machine base in a turnover mode, a thrust shaft extending into the opening end is hinged to the pressing plate, and an elastic element is arranged between the thrust shaft and the floating shaft seat. The pressing plate which is connected to the machine base in a turnover way is adopted, and the pressing plate and the thrust shaft are propped against one end of the elastic element, so that the machine is convenient to assemble and disassemble.

The granulator also comprises an input shaft connected with the power mechanism, wherein a main gear meshed with a gear ring die is arranged on the input shaft; the cutter device further comprises a cutter rest fixed on the gear ring die shaft, a cutter for cutting off a material rod is connected to the cutter rest, hubs are rotatably arranged on the gear ring die shafts on two sides of the cutter rest, and the peripheries of the hubs are connected with the side parts of the gear ring die through spokes; the spokes are fixedly provided with discharge blades which extend into the inner ring of the gear ring die; the discharging blade is positioned between the tool rest and the spoke; the cutter is positioned in a gap between the discharge blade and the inner ring of the gear ring die; the material discharging blade forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the gear ring die, and when the material discharging blade rotates along with the gear ring die, the material discharging blade can push the material rod cut off by the cutter to the two sides of the gear ring die. Hub, spoke, row material blade and gear ring mould rotate around the gear ring mould axle together, and gear ring mould axle does not rotate, and knife rest and cutter can not cause the hindrance to row material blade's rotation, and this scheme is got up organic combination such as cutter, gear ring mould, main gear, row material blade, and the effectual space that has utilized has simplified the structure, has reduced the volume of this granulator, and hub adopts the spoke to link to each other with the lateral part of gear ring mould, can not cause the hindrance to row material blade to the gear ring mould both sides row material.

The granulator is characterized in that the gear ring die is rotatably arranged on a gear ring die shaft through a bearing, and a lubricating oil filling hole for filling lubricating oil into the bearing is formed at the shaft end of the gear ring die shaft. The lubricating oil is filled through the lubricating oil filling hole positioned at the shaft end of the gear ring die shaft, so that the gear ring die is very convenient.

The granulator is characterized in that material blocking rings are arranged on two sides of one gear ring die, extend along the radial direction of the gear ring die, and have a width not smaller than the distance between tooth roots of the two meshed gear ring dies. When the space between the meshing teeth on the two gear ring dies is gradually reduced, crushed materials in the space are extruded, in order to prevent extruded materials from coming out of two sides of the gear ring dies, a material blocking ring is arranged, the material blocking ring can block the crushed materials, and the materials are prevented from coming out of two sides of the gear ring dies in the axial direction parallel to the gear ring dies.

In the granulator, a cutter extends along the axis direction parallel to the gear ring die at the inner side of the inner ring of the gear ring die.

The cutter device of the granulator comprises a fan-shaped disc arranged on the machine base, and the periphery of the fan-shaped disc extends along the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the gear ring die; a plurality of cutter bars extending along the axial direction parallel to the gear ring die are fixed on the periphery of the fan-shaped disc, cutters extending along the radial direction of the gear ring die are arranged on the cutter bars, and all cutters are positioned at different positions along the axial direction of the gear ring die. In the existing granulator, the cutters are generally integrated, and a plurality of cutters are arranged in the cutter device. The cutter device has the beneficial effects that: 1. one of the cutters is worn or damaged and can be replaced independently. The existing integral cutter needs to be replaced integrally as long as a certain part of the cutter is damaged. 2. The cutter is stressed less. The plurality of cutters cut each bar, that is, the cutting force to the bar is commonly borne by the plurality of cutters arranged in the axial direction of the gear ring die. It can be said that each cutter cuts only a specific part of the bar, and each cutter only bears a part of the cutting force (generally, one cutter cuts only the bar coming out of the die hole located on the same cross section of the gear ring die), so the cutter device can be said to be a directional cutter device, and the possibility of abrasion and damage of each cutter is reduced.

In the granulator, each cutter on the axis of the gear ring die corresponds to each die hole on the axis of the gear ring die, and the cutters cut off the material rods from the corresponding die holes.

The granulator is characterized in that two cutters are arranged on each cutter bar, the two cutters on each cutter bar are symmetrical by taking the cross section of the gear ring die as a symmetrical plane, and the cross section passes through the middle point of the width of the gear ring die.

The granulator, the cutter can be dismantled and be connected on the cutter arbor, the cutter arbor can be dismantled and be connected on fan-shaped dish.

The fan angle of the fan-shaped disc of the granulator is 50-180 degrees.

The granulator, the cutter is the quadrangular prism, the axis of quadrangular prism extends along the radial of gear ring mould.

The granulator also comprises an input shaft connected with the power mechanism, and a main gear meshed with a gear ring die is arranged on the input shaft; the inner periphery of the fan-shaped disc is fixed on the gear ring die shaft, hubs are rotatably arranged on the gear ring die shafts on two sides of the fan-shaped disc, and the outer periphery of the hubs is connected with the side parts of the gear ring die through spokes; the spokes are fixedly provided with discharge blades which extend into the inner ring of the gear ring die; the discharging blades are positioned between the fan-shaped disc and the spokes; the cutter bar and the cutter are positioned in a gap between the discharge blade and the inner ring of the gear ring die; the material discharging blade forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the gear ring die, and when the material discharging blade rotates along with the gear ring die, the material discharging blade can push the material rod cut off by the cutter to the two sides of the gear ring die.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art granulator;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present granulator;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the present granulator;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a B-B cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;

fig. 7 is a front view of the relationship of the main gear ring die 16, the sub gear ring die 17, the horizontal cutter device 2, and the like;

fig. 8 is a plan view of the relationship of the main gear ring die 16, the sub gear ring die 17, the horizontal cutter device 2, etc.;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the relationship of the main gear ring die 16, gear ring die shaft 110, horizontal cutter assembly 2, etc.;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a horizontal cutter assembly;

FIG. 12 is a right side view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a front view of a main gear ring mold;

FIG. 14 is a left side view of the main gear ring mold;

FIG. 15 is a front view of a spoke, hub or the like;

FIG. 16 is a left side view of the spoke, hub, etc.;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of section D-D of FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a front view of the front plate;

FIG. 19 is a top view of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a platen, a pinion annular die shaft seat, etc. in a normal operating condition;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a platen, a secondary gear ring die shaft mount, etc. upon removal of the secondary gear ring die shaft mount;

FIG. 22 is a top view of FIG. 21;

fig. 23 is a front view of the relationship of the main gear ring die 16, the sub gear ring die 17, the directional cutter device 5, etc.;

fig. 24 is a top view of the relationship of the primary gear ring die 16, the secondary gear ring die 17, the directional cutter device 5, etc.;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the main gear ring die 16, gear ring die shaft 110, directional cutter assembly 5, etc.;

figure 26 is a front view of the directional cutter assembly;

FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of the relative relationship of the directional cutter assembly, gear ring die shaft, etc. along the axial direction of the gear ring die shaft;

figure 28 is a schematic view of the directional cutter assembly deployed in a circumferential direction;

fig. 29 is a schematic view of the directional cutter apparatus deployed in the circumferential direction while severing the stick.

Detailed Description

The present technology is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 2-6, the gear ring die granulator comprises a machine base 9, a granulating device 1, a horizontal cutter device 2 or a directional cutter device 5, a discharging device 3, a translation device 4 and the like.

The stand 9 mainly comprises a cuboid working space surrounded by a front plate 91, a rear plate 93, a left plate 92 and a right plate 94, a base 95 and the like.

1. Granulating device

Referring to fig. 7-10, the granulating apparatus 1 is mainly composed of a main gear shaft 11, a main gear ring mold 16, a sub gear ring mold 17, hubs 19, 119, spokes 18, 118, and the like.

The master gear shaft 11 is rotatably provided to the front plate 91 and the rear plate 93 via bearings. The main gear shaft 11 is connected with an output shaft of a speed reducer 13 through a coupling 12, and the speed reducer and a motor 14 are driven through a belt.

The number of the gear ring molds is two, namely a main gear ring mold 16 and a secondary gear ring mold 17. The main gear 15 on the main gear shaft 11 is meshed with a main gear ring die 16, and the main gear ring die 16 is meshed with a sub gear ring die 17.

The two sides of the main gear ring mold are fixedly connected with the hub 19 through three spokes 18 respectively (the outer ends of the three spokes 18 are embedded into three grooves 140 formed on the two side end surfaces of the main gear ring mold and pressed through spoke pressing plates 141 fixed on the two side end surfaces of the main gear ring mold; the inner ends of the three spokes 18 are welded with the hub 19), and the hub is rotatably arranged on a fixed shaft (gear ring mold shaft) 110 through a bearing 137. Both ends of the fixed shaft are disposed on the fixed shaft seat 111, and the fixed shaft is connected with the fixed shaft seat 111 by a key (the fixed shaft cannot rotate relative to the fixed shaft seat 111).

In order to lubricate the bearing 137, lubrication oil adding holes 138 for adding lubrication oil to the bearing 137 are provided at both ends of the fixed shaft and the floating shaft.

The two side portions of the pinion ring mold 17 are fixedly connected with a hub 119 through three spokes 118 (the outer ends of the three spokes 118 are embedded into three grooves formed on the two side end surfaces of the pinion ring mold and pressed through spoke pressing plates 141 fixed on the two side end surfaces of the pinion ring mold; the inner ends of the three spokes 118 are welded with the hub 119), and the hub is rotatably arranged on a floating shaft (gear ring mold shaft) 120 through a bearing. Both ends of the floating shaft are arranged on the floating shaft seat 121, and the floating shaft is connected with the floating shaft seat 121 through keys (the floating shaft can not rotate relative to the floating shaft seat 121).

Referring to fig. 10, 13 and 14, along the circumferential direction of the gear ring mold, there are two radially extending mold holes 112 on the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the main gear ring mold, respectively, and two radially extending mold holes 122 on the tooth top and the tooth bottom of the sub gear ring mold, respectively; the inlet and outlet of the die hole are respectively arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring of the gear ring die. Each orifice comprises two circular holes of different diameters, one 132 at the entrance to the orifice 112, 122 being smaller in diameter than the other 133 at the exit.

When the two gear ring dies are meshed, the inlets of the die holes on the two gear ring dies are opposite (of course, the inlets of the die holes on the two gear ring dies can also be staggered, namely, the inlet of the die hole on one gear ring die is staggered with the inlet of the die hole on the other gear ring die).

A feed channel 134 is provided at the upper portion of the housing, and a feed adjusting plate 143 is provided at the outlet of the feed channel. The feed adjustment plate 143 is located above the engagement portions 135 of the two gear ring die outer rings. Referring to fig. 5, 7 and 23, when the two gear ring dies are rotated in the direction shown, material entering through the feed channel is forced into the die hole from the die hole inlet by the two meshed gear ring dies to form a bar 136 which exits the die hole.

The two sides of the main gear ring die are provided with material blocking rings 139, the material blocking rings 139 are pressed on the two sides of the main gear ring die by screws 142 arranged on spoke pressing plates 141, the material blocking rings extend from the tooth root of the main gear ring die to the tooth root of the auxiliary gear ring die along the radial direction of the main gear ring die, and the width of the material blocking rings is not smaller than the distance between the tooth roots of the two meshed gear ring dies.

2. Cutter device

The cutter device in the main gear ring die is the same as the cutter device in the auxiliary gear ring die, and only the cutter device in the main gear ring die will be described as an example. There are two types of cutters, one is a horizontal cutter 2. The other is a directional cutter assembly 5.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the horizontal cutter device 2 comprises an annular cutter frame seat 21 with a spline 24 on the inner ring, a cutter frame 22, an integral cutter 23, a cutter handle 25 and a bolt 26. The tool rest seat 21 is positioned between two hubs of the fixed shaft and is connected with the fixed shaft through a spline pair. The upper part of the tool rest seat is provided with a tool rest 22. The shank 25 extends in the radial direction of the main gear ring die, and the cutter extends in parallel to the axis of the gear ring die inside the inner ring of the main gear ring die. The tool holder 22 is connected to the tool shank 25 by bolts 26 which pass through kidney-shaped holes in the tool shank, so that loosening the bolts 26 adjusts the distance from the cutter to the inner ring of the main gear ring die. One end of the cutter is provided with a blade part, and when the main gear ring die rotates relative to the cutter, the material rod coming out of the module is cut off by the cutter.

3. Discharging device

The same as the discharge device in the main gear ring mold and the discharge device in the sub gear ring mold will be described by taking the discharge device in the main gear ring mold as an example.

15-17, discharge blades 31 extending into the inner ring of the gear ring mould are fixed on the inner sides of spokes 18 on both sides of the main gear ring mould; in the axial direction of the main gear ring mould, the discharge blade 31 is located between the blade carrier 24 and the spoke 18; in the radial direction of the main gear ring mold, the cutter 23 is located in the gap between the discharge blade 31 and the inner ring of the main gear ring mold. The axial direction of row material blade and main gear ring mould forms 45 contained angles, and when row material blade rotated along with main gear ring mould, row material blade can push the material stick that the cutter cut off to the both sides of gear ring mould for the material stick flows to the outside of gear ring mould through the spoke.

When the cutter device and the discharging device work, the gear ring die shaft does not rotate, the gear ring die, the hub, the spokes and the discharging blades are connected into a whole to rotate, and the cutter device is connected with the gear ring die shaft by (flower) keys, so that when the gear ring die rotates, the gear ring die shaft and the cutter device do not rotate, and materials can be cut off by the cutter when discharged from the gear ring die. The length of the finished product cut by the cutter device is the length of the material extruded from the die hole of the gear ring die by rotating the gear ring die one circle. The finished product cut off by the cutter is discharged to a discharge hole from two sides of the gear ring die through the discharge blade.

4. Translation device

Referring to fig. 18-22, the translation device 4 mainly includes a fixed shaft seat 111, a floating shaft seat 121, a pressing plate 412, a spring 416, a limit bolt 49, and the like.

The front plate 91 and the rear plate 93 are provided with parallel fixed shaft sliding grooves 41; two fixed shaft seats 111 connected to both ends of the fixed shaft are slidably provided in the two fixed shaft sliding grooves 41. One end part of the fixed shaft chute is an opening end 43 which can be accessed by the fixed shaft seat; the fixing shaft seat 111 is fixed to the positioning seats 45 on the front plate 91 and the rear plate 93 by the positioning bolts 44.

The front plate 91 and the rear plate 93 are provided with parallel floating shaft sliding grooves 46; two floating shaft seats 121 connected to the two ends of the floating shaft are slidably disposed in the two floating shaft sliding grooves 46. The end of the floating axle chute remote from the fixed axle is an open end 48 into and out of which the floating axle mount can be moved. The limit bolts 49 are provided on limit seats 410 fixed to the front plate 91 and the rear plate 93. When the two floating shaft seats slide in the floating shaft sliding groove, the floating shaft is driven to move relative to the fixed shaft along the radial direction.

The lower parts of the two opening ends 48 are respectively connected with two pressing plates 412 in a turnover way through a pin shaft 411. The upper ends of the two pressing plates are provided with connecting holes 420 which are connected with the front plate or the rear plate through pluggable bolts 419. A rotary shaft 413 between the two pressing plates is hinged with one end of a thrust shaft 414. The thrust shaft extends into the opening end 48, a fixed spring sleeve 415 is slidably connected to the front end of the thrust shaft 414, a positioning sleeve 417 is slidably connected to the front end of the fixed spring sleeve, and the front end of the positioning sleeve 417 is in contact with the floating shaft seat. The rear end of the spring case 415 has a stepped portion. The spring 416 sleeved in the middle of the fixed spring sleeve is positioned between the positioning sleeve and the fixed spring sleeve step part, the round nut 418 is matched with the threads on the thrust shaft, and the front end of the round nut 418 is contacted with the rear part of the fixed spring sleeve step part.

In normal operation, the latch 419 connects the pressure plate and the front plate (or the rear plate) together, the thrust shaft extends into the opening end 48, and the spring pushes the floating shaft seat to move towards the fixed shaft seat, and the upper main gear ring die is meshed with the auxiliary gear ring die. If the ring die of the pinion is damaged and needs to be replaced, the bolt is pulled out, the pressing plate is turned around the pin shaft 411, the thrust shaft and other parts are taken down, the floating shaft seat can slide along the sliding groove of the floating shaft, the floating shaft seat is taken down from the opening end 48, and the floating shaft, the ring die of the pinion and the like are taken down together.

After the ring die of the pinion is removed, the positioning bolt 44 is loosened, the fixed shaft seat can also slide along the chute of the fixed shaft, the fixed shaft seat is removed from the opening end 43, and the fixed shaft, the ring die of the main gear and the like are also removed. In this way, the main gear ring mould can also be replaced.

In a normal state, the spring 416 pushes the floating shaft seat to move towards the fixed shaft seat along the sliding groove of the floating shaft seat through the positioning sleeve, so that the auxiliary gear ring die on the floating shaft and the main gear ring die on the fixed shaft are in a meshed contact state. The axial position of the round nut relative to the thrust shaft can be adjusted by rotating the round nut, so that the distance between the step part of the thrust shaft and the positioning sleeve is changed, and the purpose of adjusting the elasticity of the spring is achieved.

When the floating shaft seat translates to the fixed shaft seat along the radial direction of the gear ring die, after the floating shaft seat contacts with the limit bolt 49, the floating shaft seat can not move to the fixed shaft seat any more, that is, when the floating shaft seat contacts with the limit bolt 49, the distance between the floating shaft seat and the fixed shaft seat is minimum, and the gap between the auxiliary gear ring die and the main gear ring die is minimum.

5. And a directional cutter device 5.

Referring to fig. 26-29, the directional cutter device 5 comprises an annular cutter bar seat 51 with (flower) keys 54 at the inner ring, a disc 58 arranged on the cutter bar seat 51, a cutter bar 55 and a cutter 53. A part of the disk, namely, a sector disk 52 is circumferentially provided with a cutter bar groove 59, the sector angle of the sector disk 52 is about 90 degrees, the outer periphery of the sector disk extends along the circumferential direction of the main gear ring mold, a plurality of cutter bars 55 extending along the axial direction parallel to the main gear ring mold are connected in the cutter bar groove on the outer periphery of the sector disk through screws 57, each cutter bar is provided with two regular quadrangular cutters 53 extending along the radial direction of the gear ring mold, the cutters are detachably connected to the cutter bars through screws 56, and the cutter bars are detachably connected to the sector disk through screws 57.

The two cutters on each cutter bar are symmetrical about a cross section 161 of the main gear ring die 16, which cross section passes through the midpoint of the width of the main gear ring die (the dimension of the main gear ring die in the direction of axis 162), as a plane of symmetry. All cutters are located at different positions in the direction of the axis 162 of the main gear ring die. The distance from the cutters, which are sequentially arranged on each cutter bar in the circumferential direction of the main gear ring mold counterclockwise, to the cross section 161 is gradually reduced.

Each cutter 53 on the gear ring die axis arrangement corresponds to each die hole 112 on the gear ring die axis arrangement, and each cutter cuts only the bar 136 coming out of the corresponding die hole.

Referring to fig. 23-25, when the directional cutter apparatus 5 is used, the discharging apparatus corresponding to the directional cutter apparatus 5 is slightly different from the discharging apparatus when the horizontal cutter apparatus is used. The differences are as follows: when the directional cutter device is used, the discharging blades 31 are positioned between the fan-shaped disc 52 and spokes in the axial direction of the main gear ring mould; in the radial direction of the main gear ring mold, the cutter bar 55 and the cutter 53 are located in the gap between the discharge vane 31 and the inner ring of the main gear ring mold.

The directional cutter device in the auxiliary gear ring die is the same as the directional cutter device in the main gear ring die, and will not be described again.

The technology is a (double) gear ring die granulator, and the energy transfer process comprises the following steps: motor-belt pulley-speed reducer-main gear ring die-auxiliary gear ring die. According to the working principle, crushed materials enter the meshing part in the center of the outer rings of the two gear ring dies through the feeding channel of the feeding mechanism, and as a certain number of die holes are processed on tooth tops and tooth roots of the gear ring dies, the pressing plate presses the two floating shaft seats to play a supporting role, and extrusion force generated in the meshing process of the two gear ring dies is used for extruding the material die holes into the gear ring dies to form the slender cylindrical rod. In the gear ring die, the cutter device and the gear ring die shaft are fixed and do not rotate, and the gear ring die and the cutter rotate relatively, so that shearing force is generated when the gear ring die and the cutter rotate relatively, the shearing force cuts the slender cylindrical rod extruded from the gear ring die hole into a finished product, and the discharge blades fixed on the spokes discharge the cut finished product from the gear ring die to discharge ports on two sides.

Compared with the traditional compression roller ring die granulator, the gear ring die granulator has the following advantages:

1. the two press rolls of the press roll annular die granulator are simultaneously extruded from the inner surface to the outer surface, and the annular die is stressed from the inner surface to the outer surface and is easy to crack and damage. The gear ring die granulator is characterized in that two gears are meshed to generate extrusion force to extrude materials, and a ring die is not easy to crack.

2. The die holes are fully distributed on the tooth tops and the tooth roots of the gear ring die, so that the yield is high, the extrusion resistance is small, and the power consumption is low.

3. The meshing tooth structure forms quantitative forced feeding, so that the load is stable, and the consumed motor power is small.

4. The two ring dies are discharged simultaneously, thereby improving the yield and reducing the energy consumption at the same yield.

5. The gear ring die granulator has no compression roller, and lubricating oil is only required to be filled at the shaft end of the gear ring die shaft of the equipment, so that the failure rate is reduced.

Claims

1. A granulator, characterized by: the device comprises a machine base and two meshed gear ring dies, wherein the gear ring dies are rotatably arranged on a gear ring die shaft; one of the two gear ring mould shafts is a fixed shaft, and the other is a floating shaft; the fixed shaft is fixed on the machine base, and the floating shaft is arranged on the machine base and can move relative to the fixed shaft in the radial direction; an elastic element which enables the gear ring die on the floating shaft to be contacted with the gear ring die on the fixed shaft in a normal state is arranged between the base and the floating shaft; the engine base is provided with a power mechanism for driving one gear ring die to rotate; the gear ring die is provided with a die hole extending along the radial direction; the inlet and the outlet of the die hole are respectively arranged on the outer ring and the inner ring of the gear ring die; a feeding channel is arranged on the machine base, and an outlet of the feeding channel is positioned at the meshing part of the outer rings of the two gear ring dies; the material entering through the feeding channel is pressed into the die hole from the die hole inlet by two meshed gear ring dies to form a material rod and then comes out from the die hole; both ends of the floating shaft are arranged on the floating shaft seat, and the floating shaft seat is arranged in two parallel floating shaft sliding grooves on the machine base in a sliding manner; when the two floating shaft seats slide in the floating shaft sliding groove, the floating shaft is driven to move relative to the fixed shaft along the radial direction; the end part of the floating shaft chute, which is far away from the fixed shaft, is an opening end of the floating shaft seat, which can be in and out;

the cutter device which is connected to the machine base and comprises a cutter for cutting off the material rod is also included; the cutter device comprises a fan-shaped disc arranged on the machine base, and the periphery of the fan-shaped disc extends along the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the gear ring die; a plurality of cutter bars extending along the axial direction parallel to the gear ring die are fixed on the periphery of the fan-shaped disc, cutters extending along the radial direction of the gear ring die are arranged on the cutter bars, and all cutters are positioned at different positions along the axial direction of the gear ring die;

the device also comprises an input shaft connected with the power mechanism, and a main gear meshed with a gear ring die is arranged on the input shaft; the inner periphery of the fan-shaped disc is fixed on the gear ring die shaft, hubs are rotatably arranged on the gear ring die shafts on two sides of the fan-shaped disc, and the outer periphery of the hubs is connected with the side parts of the gear ring die through spokes; the spokes are fixedly provided with discharge blades which extend into the inner ring of the gear ring die; the material discharging blade forms a certain included angle with the axial direction of the gear ring die, and when the material discharging blade rotates along with the gear ring die, the material discharging blade can push the material rod cut off by the cutter to two sides of the gear ring die; the discharging blades are positioned between the fan-shaped disc and the spokes; the cutter bar and the cutter are positioned in a gap between the discharge blade and the inner ring of the gear ring die.

2. The granulator of claim 1 wherein: when the two gear ring dies are meshed, die hole inlets on the two gear ring dies are staggered with each other.

3. The granulator of claim 1 wherein: the machine base is provided with a limiting device which prevents the floating shaft from moving to the fixed shaft along the radial direction and exceeds the set minimum distance between the floating shaft and the fixed shaft.

4. The granulator of claim 1 wherein: both ends of the fixed shaft are arranged on the fixed shaft seat, and the fixed shaft seat is arranged in two parallel fixed shaft sliding grooves on the machine base in a sliding manner; at least one end part of the fixed shaft chute is an opening end which can be accessed by the fixed shaft seat; the fixed shaft seat is detachably connected in the fixed shaft chute.