CN109121897A - A kind of solar energy greenhouse change air port air supply device - Google Patents
A kind of solar energy greenhouse change air port air supply device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109121897A CN109121897A CN201810651530.0A CN201810651530A CN109121897A CN 109121897 A CN109121897 A CN 109121897A CN 201810651530 A CN201810651530 A CN 201810651530A CN 109121897 A CN109121897 A CN 109121897A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solar energy greenhouses to become air port air supply device, the solar energy greenhouse is isosceles trapezoid, the air supply device includes the indoor air inlet that solar chimney on wall where the trapezoidal upper bottom edge of solar energy greenhouse is arranged in, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper;It meanwhile further including the exhaust outlet of wall bottom where the trapezoidal bottom of at least two isosceles trapezoid air outlets and solar energy greenhouse that are arranged at the top of solar energy greenhouse, and the bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid is close to the bottom edge in greenhouse;The wind outlet sectional area of the air outlet is from indoor air inlet to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet;Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.Of the invention use makes being heated evenly for fruits and vegetables growth district in greenhouse, ensure that the good growth of fruits and vegetables, while realizing the energy conservation of ventilating system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ventilation device, specifically a kind of solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device.
Background technique
Solar energy greenhouse is a kind of important modern agriculture measure, while being also a complicated microenvironment ecosystem,
Therefore need suitable environment to adapt to plant growth.Solar energy greenhouse is frequently in bamboo-wood structure, mixed structure or steel construction
Skeleton above be covered with the artificial frame structure of film of one or more layers thermal insulation plastic film.Identical as greenhouse effects, which exists
Night prevents long-wave radiation in a large amount of greenhouse, material is thus formed independent greenhouse space make in greenhouse in the daytime with night all
There can be good temperature guarantee.In addition, outer membrane can effectively prevent the stream of carbon dioxide caused by fruits and vegetables respiration
It loses, promotes the photosynthesis of plant.Therefore, solar energy greenhouse can not be limited by outdoor climate conditions, and artificial creation is suitable
The moist heat of suitable fruits and vegetables growth, can adjust fruits and vegetables production season, promotes fruits and vegetables counter-seas on production.In addition, ventilation is in the sun
It can have a very important role in greenhouse, reduce temperature, adjust humidity, supplement the concentration of carbon dioxide.However, most of
In the case of, the means of the greenhouse ventilation of different structure are in the majority using gravity-flow ventilation form according to local grower's experience, some
Situation uses the uniformity that plant growth is not considered when force ventilation.Simultaneously under cold weather conditions, due to conventional covering
Film is relatively thin, and thermal coefficient is big, causes warm indoor radiating very fast, is in most cases unable to reach fruits and vegetables growth in greenhouse in winter
Required temperature range.
Currently, heat loss is reduced to the solution of the above problem is the additional insulating layer of covering mostly, to cover straw mat
For usual way.But cover these opaque materials not only and can reduce incident solar radiation in the daytime, and will affect plant into
Row photosynthesis receives inhibition so as to cause plant growth.In addition, conventional solar energy greenhouse be structurally characterized in that length compared with
Long, solar radiation is unevenly distributed sooner or later, so that obtaining heat along solar energy greenhouse distribution of lengths unevenness, fruits and vegetables in greenhouse is caused to grow
The heated difference in area, to influence the consistency of its growth.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and insufficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solar energy greenhouses to become wind
Mouth air supply device is consistent entire solar energy greenhouse crop growth period so that vitellarium is heated evenly, and improves plantation effect
Rate.
To realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, to be achieved:
A kind of solar energy greenhouse change air port air supply device, the solar energy greenhouse are isosceles trapezoid, the air supply device packet
Include the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney where the trapezoidal upper bottom edge of solar energy greenhouse is set on wall, solar chimney lower end
The indoor air inlet that mouth and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper;It meanwhile further including being arranged at the top of solar energy greenhouse
The exhaust outlet of wall bottom where the trapezoidal bottom of at least two isosceles trapezoid air outlets and solar energy greenhouse, and isosceles ladder
Bottom edge of the bottom edge of shape close to greenhouse;The wind outlet sectional area of the air outlet is from indoor air inlet to far from indoor air inlet
Place is sequentially increased;Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.
Further, the air outlet 4 can be moved up and down integrally in a certain range along the vertical direction.
Further, the air outlet 4 shares 9, they are arranged to bottom edge direction in three along the upper bottom edge in the greenhouse
Arrangement, each column successively includes two, three, four air outlets.
Further, air outlet all in first row, the air outlet among secondary series and intermediate two of third column
The sideline of air outlet meets following equation:
X=nlf_voigt (y, x0,xc,A,wG,wL)
The contour line of the two sides of remaining all air outlet meets following equation:
X=35.24+12.19y
X=34.33-11.88y
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m;Remaining constant term parameter is x0=-0.93062;xc=-0.0017;A
=13.78059;wG=3.4445;wL=7.103 × 10-15。
Further, first row air outlet is 2/15L apart from solar chimney air outlet, remaining air outlet column pitch is at 4/
15L arrangement, the line space of two row air outlets are 1/2W, wherein L indicates that the length in greenhouse, value are the height of greenhouse isosceles trapezoid,
W indicates the width in greenhouse, and value is the bottom edge lengths of greenhouse isosceles trapezoid.
Further, first row air outlet, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center are distinguished away from indoor air inlet 3
For 2m, 6m, 10m;Spacing 3m in air port in each column;The mounting height of air outlet 4 is 9.5m.
Further, the relationship of the three column air port side length is as follows, i.e. l2=1.375l1,l3=1.75l1, l1、l2、l3Point
Not Wei the first, second and third column air outlet trapezoidal equivalent side length.
Further, the equivalent side length of the first, second and third column air outlet size be respectively 400mm, 550mm and
700mm。
Further, the air supply velocity of the first row air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula, v1,v2,v3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity.
The present invention is directed to be solar energy greenhouse air-supply by solar chimney effect under cold season outdoor climate conditions,
To supplement the heat loss of solar energy greenhouse reduction, while the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes is improved, realizes solar energy temperature
Indoor environmental condition control, and then improve solar energy greenhouse plantation efficiency.Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1, using passive solar energy technology, guarantee the microenvironment that fruits and vegetables are grown under cold conditions in winter, to be suitble to it
Normal growth in winter.In addition, the present invention uses clean renewable energy solar energy, sky in hot pressing driving heating greenhouse is utilized
Gas can greatly save the energy and power consumption compared with using traditional energy.
2, it is heated evenly for fruits and vegetables vitellarium in guarantee greenhouse, multiple ladders of different sizes is set along greenhouse length direction
Shape air outlet, the total amount of heat for guaranteeing that each column air port is sent out are consistent.Meanwhile compared with using the air outlet of same size, using not
The total output needed with the blower of the air port power drive vertical fluid of size reduces.
3, the present invention combines the temperature field inside greenhouse air-supply open height, has studied its temperature gradient distribution, and to sending
The shape sideline in air port is optimized, and establishes side equation, and the more original air port in the air port of optimization guaranteeing to grow
It goes air output under temperature conditions to reduce, the energy-saving of air supply device is realized while reducing noise, and warm to temperature edge is solved
The problem of room distribution of lengths unevenness has more superiority.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention, and it (b) is the sun that (a), which is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device perspective view,
It can greenhouse change air port air supply device sectional view;
Fig. 2 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device three-view diagram;(a) main view, (b) side view, (c) top view;
Fig. 3 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device air outlet layout drawing;
Fig. 4 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device Ball shape nozzle and isosceles trapezoid air port axis speed comparison diagram;
Fig. 5 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes temperature profile at air port air supply device air outlet mounting height;
Fig. 6 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device facade VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION comparison diagram, and (a) is no velocity profiles of outlet
Figure;It (b) is increase velocity profiles of outlet figure;
Fig. 7 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes pressure-plotting at the air outlet mounting height of air port air supply device, and (a) is no air-supply
The pressure distribution of mouth;It (b) is to there is the pressure of air outlet to be distributed;
Fig. 8 is the air outlet temperature comparisons figure of air outlet and optimization;
Fig. 9 is that solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device to the influence of vitellarium temperature.
Specific embodiment
Main thought of the invention is: solar chimney draught principle is utilized, by solar energy greenhouse side (such as Fig. 1
Middle left side) build solar chimney on wall, and outdoor air inlet 1, indoor air inlet 3 and exhaust outlet 5 are set, this mode according to
It is the drive of flowing to the atmospheric density difference generated in solar chimney with solar radiation according to the Natural Ventilation Principle under hot pressing function
Radiant heat energy is converted aerodynamic energy by power, to increase air pressure head and exhaust air rate, and heated air is sent into chimney top
Portion is sent directly into inside greenhouse by indoor air outlet 3.Above scheme is since there are water in solar energy greenhouse length direction for jet stream
There are vertical decrease on flat fading and solar energy greenhouse short transverse, thus the present invention at the top of solar energy greenhouse along trapezoidal height
On direction, according to air outlet vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed, provided with different size of multiple rectangular air outlets, while really
The pressure of fixed different air outlets, and temperature field in solar energy greenhouse is combined to optimize air outlet 4, to guarantee by blowing
The hot-fluid heat that mouth 4 is sent out downwards is identical, realizes the uniformity of solar energy greenhouse micro environment control, guarantees that vitellarium growth is consistent
Property, improve plantation efficiency.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of solar energy greenhouses to become air port air supply device, which is isosceles ladder
Shape, the air supply device include solar chimney 2, solar energy on wall where the trapezoidal upper bottom edge of solar energy greenhouse is arranged in
The indoor air inlet 3 that the outdoor air inlet 1 of 2 lower end of chimney and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper;Meanwhile further including
The row of wall bottom where the trapezoidal bottom of at least two air outlets 4 and solar energy greenhouse that are arranged at the top of solar energy greenhouse
Air port 5, the air outlet 4 is isosceles trapezoid, and the bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid is close to the bottom edge in greenhouse.The air outlet 4 goes out
Sectional area is from indoor air inlet 3 to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet at wind;Air outlet 4 is parallel at the top of greenhouse
Setting.The characteristics of above-mentioned technical proposal using solar chimney hot pressing by being driven, by the hot-air of solar energy heating by too
Positive energy chimney is sent into solar energy greenhouse, and various sizes of isosceles trapezoid air outlet 4 is arranged at the top of solar energy greenhouse, is blown
Mouth is similar to solar energy greenhouse top surface, and air-supply mouth-shaped and Indoor Flow Field is made to coincide, and is conducive to reduce the disturbance blown to air-flow,
Temperature distribution evenness is improved, while the blower for controlling air outlet 4 is blown using different air supply velocities into greenhouse, and fruit is being met
The blower total output that the wind speed of vegetable vitellarium makes while requirement reduces, and different air outlet sizes also ensures cold season
It is sent into the uniformity of heat in solar energy greenhouse room.Therefore, above-mentioned technical proposal utilizes the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, passes through
Air outlet 4 at the top of indoor air inlet 3 and solar energy greenhouse compensates for heat in winter solar energy greenhouse to hot wind is sent in greenhouse
Deficiency, provide preferable growth microenvironment for fruits and vegetables.
The present invention is as follows to the design of solar chimney 2 according to " greenhouse heating system construct and design specification ": determining first
The air capacity for needing to heat, i.e., the volume and rate of ventilation product in the required greenhouse heated.Rate of ventilation of the present invention is by " greenhouse adds
Hot systems construct and design specification " take 1 time/h.For guarantee sun wall system initial cost economy, and can obtain it is higher add
Hot temperature generally takes 30~50m in the air capacity for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through3/h·m2.Therefore, according to above
Data determine the usable floor area of solar wallboard, solar wallboard area=needs processing air capacity/unit area solar wallboard
By air capacity.
Preferably, the air outlet 4 shares 9, they are mounted at the top of solar energy greenhouse by load carrier 6, load-bearing
Device 6 uses frame body.
Through testing, when the number of air outlet 4 is 9 and arranges in three column, air port makes the indoor Temperature Distribution of temperature more
Uniformly, they are along solar energy greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements;9 air ports have been able to meet warm Indoor Micro requirement,
Arranged that multiple air ports will will cause vegetable growth area overheat and the wasting of resources.
For fruits and vegetables normal growth in greenhouse under guarantee in winter cold conditions, invention emphasis is will be above-mentioned multiple of different sizes
Air outlet 4 as a whole to the micro environment control carried out in greenhouse, generate the high hot-fluid of uniformity.The present invention will be by following
Process determines each air outlet air supply velocity, outlet air heat and optimizes to outlet style.
1, the determination of the air supply velocity of air outlet, outlet air heat
Firstly, the axis speed of isothermal jet is represented by following form:
In formula (1):
v0Air outlet wind speed, m/s;
vmIsothermal jet axis speed, m/s;
A- turbulence factor, cylindrical jet pipe are 0.08, and slit spout is 0.11~0.12;
S- plasma jet range length, m;
R0Air-supply port radius or equivalent radius, m;
In present invention, it is desirable to calculating non-isothermal jet axis speed, the derivation of calculation formula is built upon preceding Soviet Union
On the basis of joining the obtained related research achievement of r.H. A Bola Abramovich, when jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference is penetrated
Stream buoyancy item because of caused by fluid density contrast more than isothermal jet.Therefore, the Air Temperature Difference as caused by crop belts has
There is the acceleration a of risingm:
In formula (2):
amAir-flow climb acceleration (m/s2);
TiAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the i-th column air-supply air outlet, K;
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K;
ΔT0=Ti-THThe jet stream temperature difference at-the i-th column air outlet, K;
G- acceleration of gravity, m/s2。
Therefore, it is needed in non-isothermal jet to jet axis speed vmIt is modified.For non-isothermal jet vm', if its
Axis speed knots modification dvm', for the jet stream that direction is downward, the acceleration of the jet stream isPeer-to-peer two sides
Carry out the calculating formula of the available temperature difference circular jet axis speed vertically downward of time integral:
For rectangle air port, when the ratio between the long side in its air port and short side are no more than 3:1, jet stream at this time can be quickly from rectangle
Development is circle, then handles according to Circular Jet;It when air port is square, then can be handled according to round air port, and should be with
The equivalent radius R in square air port0It is calculated in the calculating formula of=0.565l substitution Circular Jet.The final temperature difference vertically downward is penetrated
Stream axis speed is expressed as form:
" the practical heat supplying air conditioning design manual second edition " is consulted it is found that the turbulence factor of cylindrical spout is 0.08, for
The determination of turbulence factor a in formula (4) is then that compared by carrying out experiment test under isothermal jet operating condition using circular jetting
Mouth and use 4 jet axis speed of square air outlet proposed by the present invention, as shown in figure 4, proposed by the present invention send can be released
Turbulence factor value corresponding to air port 4 is 0.15.Therefore it brings a=0.15 into formula (4) and formula (5) can be obtained:
Since the present invention three arranges between air port, there are certain coupled relations, can not independently solve, in order to determine air outlet
Air supply velocity, still need to predefine at air-supply open area and air outlet with the temperature difference in vegetable growth section.According to common air-supply
Mouth size, in conjunction with the change of temperature field of solar energy greenhouse length direction, at 0.95H (H indicates solar energy greenhouse height) height
The different size of square air outlet of setting 9, arranges (see Fig. 1) at three column, and install breeze fan for them.From greenhouse ladder
On the upper bottom edge of shape to bottom edge direction, each column successively includes two, three, four air outlets 4.From apart from solar chimney 2
Side be numbered, respectively the first air outlet 4-1, the second air outlet 4-2, third air outlet 4-3, the 4th air outlet 4-4,
5th air outlet 4-5, the 6th air outlet 4-6, the 7th air outlet 4-7, the 8th air outlet 4-8 and the 9th air outlet 4-9.First row
Air outlet be based on hoisting safety and air-supply uniformity consider, setting apart from solar chimney air outlet 2/15L (L indicate too
It is positive can greenhouse length), remaining air outlet respectively arrange between interval 4/15L arrangement, be 1/5W (W in the spacing of width direction air outlet
Indicate solar energy greenhouse width) arrangement, as shown in Figure 3.
Each column air port identified below carries out out wind velocity respectively:
(1) determine first row air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical Simulation is carried out in the case where no air outlet 4 to solar chimney solar energy greenhouse, to observe the sun
It can the indoor thermo parameters method of temperature;The temperature cloud picture at air outlet mounting height is intercepted, is obtained along solar energy greenhouse length direction
Temperature Distribution, rule meets 3 order polynomial function curve distributions, function expression are as follows:
T1=313.22+0.402x/L-0.78 (x/L)2+0.033(x/L)3(0≤x≤L) (6)
In formula: x is (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to outlet air along the position coordinates of solar energy greenhouse length direction
Mouthful), m;L is solar energy greenhouse length, m;T1For at 4 mounting height of greenhouse air outlet along solar energy greenhouse length direction absolutely
To temperature, K;By the T in formula (6)1Formula (5) are substituted into as absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet 4, first row air-supply can be obtained
Mouth jet stream axis speed at corresponding vitellarium:
It is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet, obtains adding at the 0.1H height of vitellarium
Weight average temperature THFor 302.95K;And according to the requirement in solar energy greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, at the height of vitellarium
Jet axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (7), is calculated at first row air outlet and goes out wind velocity v1,
Show for the heat one for sending out the air outlet of different installed positions and meets plant growth area Temperature Distribution
Reach uniformity, the present invention need to devise various sizes of air outlet along trapezoidal solar energy greenhouse length direction, to guarantee the sun
Uniform distribution of temperature field in energy greenhouse.According to heat Calculation formula, heat of blowing at first row air outlet are as follows:
Q1=cm Δ T=c ρ v1l1 2(313.22+0.402x/L-0.78(x/L)2+0.033(x/L)3-TH) (9)
In formula: c- specific heat capacity, J/kg K;
M- air-supply quality, kg;
The temperature difference at Δ T- first row air outlet and vitellarium, K;
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3;
First row air outlet equivalent side length, m;
Bottom on the trapezoidal air port a-;
The trapezoidal air port bottom b-;
The trapezoidal air port h- is high;
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 1m height of workspace, K;
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along solar energy greenhouse length direction, m;
L- solar energy greenhouse length, m.
(2) determine secondary series air port goes out wind velocity:
Numerical simulation is carried out under the operating condition for being disposed with first row air outlet to using the solar energy greenhouse of solar chimney
Simulation, obtains the Temperature Distribution in solar energy greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains along solar energy
The Temperature Distribution of greenhouse length direction, rule meet 3 order polynomial function curve distributions, function expression are as follows:
T2=313.63-11.64x/L-0.9 (x/L)2+0.039(x/L)3(0≤x≤L) (10)
In formula: x is (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to outlet air along the position coordinates of solar energy greenhouse length direction
Mouthful), m;L is solar energy greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (10)2As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, generation
Enter formula (5), secondary series air outlet jet stream axis speed at corresponding vitellarium can be obtained:
In formula (11), vitellarium 0.1H high is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet
Weighted mean T at degreeHFor 302.95K;And according to the requirement in solar energy greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, in vitellarium
Jet axis speed v ' at heightmIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (11), is calculated at secondary series air outlet and goes out wind velocity v2:
Arrange that air port is the requirement for reaching balanced ventilation, is sent according to first row air outlet with secondary series in solar energy greenhouse
Air-supply heat at air port is equal, can obtain:
Q1=Q2
That is:
In formula:
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K;
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3;
l1First row air outlet side length, m;
l2Secondary series air outlet side length, m;
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
v2Secondary series air outlet wind speed, m/s;
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K;
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along solar energy greenhouse length direction, m;
L- solar energy greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (13) can obtain meeting along solar energy greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee that air-supply heat is identical
Lower secondary series air outlet side length l2With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship:
l2=1.375l1 (14)
Thus it obtains meeting along solar energy greenhouse length direction different location, under guaranteeing that air-supply heat is identical, different wind
Corresponding relationship between mouth size.l1、l2The respectively equivalent side length of the isosceles trapezoid of the first and second column air outlet.
(3) determine third column air port goes out wind velocity:
It is counted under operating condition of the solar energy greenhouse of solar chimney when being disposed with the first, second column air outlet to using
It is worth analogue simulation, obtains the thermo parameters method in solar energy greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains
Along the Temperature Distribution of solar energy greenhouse length direction, rule meets 3 order polynomial function curve distributions, function expression
Are as follows:
T3=313.80-12.57x/L-0.366 (x/L)2+0.0345(x/L)3(0≤x≤L) (15)
In formula: x is (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to outlet air along the position coordinates of solar energy greenhouse length direction
Mouthful), m;L is solar energy greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (15)3As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, generation
Entering formula (5) can be obtained third column air outlet jet stream axis speed at corresponding vitellarium:
Adding for vitellarium 0.1H height, can be obtained by the Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet in formula (16)
Weight average temperature THFor 302.95K;And according to the requirement in solar energy greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, at the height of vitellarium
Jet axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (16) formula, is calculated at third column air outlet and goes out wind velocity v3:
It arranges that air port is the requirement for reaching balanced ventilation in solar energy greenhouse, is sent according to first row air outlet and third column
Air-supply heat at air port is equal, can obtain:
Q1=Q3That is:
In formula:
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K;
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3;
l1First row air outlet side length, m;
l3Third column air outlet side length, m;
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s;
v3Third column air outlet wind speed, m/s;
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K;
Position coordinates of the x- along solar energy greenhouse length direction, m;
L- solar energy greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (18) can obtain meeting along solar energy greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee that air-supply heat is identical
Lower secondary series air outlet side length l3With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship:
l3=1.75l1 (19)
l1、l3The isosceles trapezoid equivalent side length of respectively the first and third column air outlet.
So far, the calculating formula of revised vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed according to the present invention, has obtained the speed of air outlet
Degree distribution.The method for using recursion simultaneously, in conjunction with temperature field of solar chimney solar energy greenhouse in the case where no air outlet 4
Distribution, releases the latter air outlet parameter from previous air outlet parameter, final to determine along solar energy greenhouse length direction difference
Functional relation between the air ports size of position, balanced draft heat realize balanced ventilation.
2, the optimization of air outlet form
According to the flow-pressure characteristic curve of blower, it is found that air outlet speed is with pressure fan pressure, there are certain functions
Relationship, and then jet flow can be calculated according to jet velocity and jet stream area of section, to calculate the pressure at air outlet.Separately
Outside, the present invention has also determined in situation air outlet wind speed, pressure, in conjunction with flow field temperature distributing characteristic, to part air outlet form
It is optimized.Specifically to the air outlet 4-4 and third among all air outlets of first row (i.e. 4-1,4-2), secondary series
Two intermediate air outlets (i.e. 4-7,4-8) of column optimize, and the specific method is as follows:
Firstly, 4 operating condition of air outlet progress Numerical Simulation is not being arranged to the solar energy greenhouse using solar chimney,
The thermo parameters method in solar energy greenhouse is obtained, the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas at 4 mounting height of air outlet is extracted.By Temperature Distribution cloud
Figure is it is found that there are biggish temperature gradient, each temperature isopleth to show identical in entire temperature field at 4 arrangement of air outlet
The regularity of distribution, choose a wherein progress data fitting, obtain the isothermal regularity of distribution of each item and meet in spectral function
The distribution pattern of voigt curve.The sideline of above-mentioned air outlet after optimization meets function expression (20):
X=nlf_voigt (y, x0,xc,A,wG,wL) (20)
In isosceles trapezoid solar energy greenhouse two sides, optimize air outlet similarly along thermoisopleth, is gone out with improving air outlet
Air temperature.Therefore, two waist contour lines of the isosceles trapezoid of remaining all air outlet meet following equation::
X=35.24+12.19y (21)
X=34.33-11.88y (22)
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, and metope bottom edge midpoint, x is arranged where solar chimney in coordinate origin
Positive direction exhaust outlet 5 is directed toward by 2 one end of solar chimney in parallel, y-axis is perpendicular to x-axis and is parallel to greenhouse bottom surface, the pros of z
To for the short transverse in greenhouse it is upward.Remaining constant term parameter is x0=-0.93062;xc=-0.0017;A=13.78059;wG
=3.4445;wL=7.103 × 10-15.The length and width direction in greenhouse is consistent with x, y-axis respectively;The length value in greenhouse is
The height of greenhouse isosceles trapezoid, the width value in greenhouse are the length of the bottom of greenhouse isosceles trapezoid.
The air-supply heat of each air outlet is calculated according to formula Q=cm Δ T, wherein Δ T is temperature and growth at air outlet
The difference of temperature weighted average value in area.As shown in Figure 5, temperature gradient is larger at air outlet, causes respectively to arrange behind length direction and send
Draught temperature constantly reduces the temperature difference reduction so that with vitellarium, eventually causes air output increase.To reduce energy consumption, blower is reduced
Noise saves operating cost, under the premise of guaranteeing that air-supply heat is constant, by thermoisopleth weight described in air outlet edge line and formula 20
It closes, improves its weighted area supply air temperature, also reduce air outlet size while reducing the air output of single air outlet, realize wind
Machine consumption reduction, the dual-effect energy-saving of air port consumptive material reduction.
Preferably, along solar energy greenhouse length direction arrangement in two rows of three under the mode of totally 9 air outlets, first row
Air outlet center, secondary series air outlet center, third column air outlet center respectively apart from indoor air inlet 3 be respectively 2m, 6m,
10m;Spacing 3m in air port in each column;The mounting height of air outlet 4 is Z=9.5m, as shown in Figure 3.
Preferably, air outlet 4 is all made of square.Preferably, the side length of the first, second and third column air outlet size is respectively
400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
Different in order to adapt to the different growth phase growing height of crop, all air outlets 4 can integrally along the vertical direction
It is moved up and down in a certain range.Specifically, using the load carrier 6 that can be stretched in vertical direction, it is preferred that load-bearing can be filled
It sets and is mounted on by multiple telescopic rods in the lower section of solar energy greenhouse top plate.The telescopic rod can be used manually control it is flexible or
Automatically control it is flexible, under this mode, can drive be mounted on load carrier 6 along the vertical direction in a certain range on move down
It is dynamic, the distance so as to adjust air outlet 4 relative to crop, to adapt to growing height different in the different growth phase of crop.
Embodiment:
The floor space of solar energy greenhouse and high respectively 150 and 10m, greenhouse volume 1500m in the present embodiment3, ventilation time
Number takes 1 time/h according to " greenhouse heating system construct and design specification ", therefore the ventilation quantity heated required for solar panels is
1500m3/ h, the air capacity interval range for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through is 30~50m3/h·m2, obtain solar wallboard
Range of choice in 24~40m2Between, to guarantee enough quantity of hot air, the present embodiment selects 45m2Solar wallboard.According to hair
It can must be l to the derivation of the functional relation of different location air port side length in bright content2=1.375l1, l3=1.75l1, this implementation
It is blown in example using isosceles trapezoid air port, presets the equivalent side length l in first row air port in advance1For 400mm, then according to different positions
The functional relation for setting air port side length can obtain, and the equivalent side length in second, third column air port is respectively 550mm, 700mm.From distance
Solar chimney side is numbered, respectively air outlet 4-1, air outlet 2, to air outlet 4-9.Divide three column arrangements.First row
Air outlet is spaced 4m arrangement between solar chimney air outlet 2m, remaining air port, air port spacing 3m arrangement, installation in each column
At Z=9.5m height, as shown in Figure 3.Optimize inlet shape simultaneously to be allowed to be overlapped with thermoisopleth, air port outer edge curve distribution
Rule meets the distribution pattern of voigt curve in spectral function, and function tabular form reaches are as follows:
X=nlf_voigt (y, x0,xc,A,wG,wL)
In solar energy greenhouse two sides, optimize air port similarly along thermoisopleth, to reach reduction vent area, raising is sent
The effect of draught temperature.Trapezoidal solar energy greenhouse two sides side equation is respectively as follows:
X=35.24+12.19y
X=34.33-11.88y
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, remaining constant term parameter is x0=-0.93062;xc=-0.0017;A=
13.78059;wG=3.4445;wL=7.103 × 10-15。
Effect of blowing in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 6, from fig. 6 it can be seen that when being fitted without air outlet, it is fast in vitellarium
Degree is smaller, and greenhouse internal upper part heat cannot be delivered in vitellarium, feeds vegetable growth without enough heats.Increase air outlet
Afterwards, solar energy greenhouse top heated air jets quickly enter vitellarium, preference temperature can be provided for vegetables, and then create for fruits and vegetables
One suitable growth microenvironment.As seen from Figure 9, when not having air outlet, temperature distribution is non-uniform in vitellarium,
There is apparent temperature gradient in solar energy greenhouse middle position, and maximum temperature difference reaches 9 DEG C, increases two sides temperature field point after air outlet
Cloth is more uniform, and temperature gradient is smaller in entire vitellarium, and two sides maximum temperature difference is reduced to 2 DEG C in greenhouse, it is ensured that the phase in winter
Between fruits and vegetables normal growth.Meanwhile to meet power conservation requirement, by changing air outlet device form, it is allowed to mutually become with thermoisopleth
Gesture is consistent, as shown in Figure 8.Temperature gradient is larger at former scenery resource quality, change shape after air outlet be averaged supply air temperature improve,
In the case where guaranteeing that air port air-supply heat is equivalent, air output can be reduced, to reach energy saving purpose.It can see in the present embodiment
Out, vitellarium can effectively be delivered heat to by adding solar chimney and pick-up tuyere device 4, and air outlet size is along its length
Constantly variation, it is ensured that each air outlet air-supply heat is consistent, so that uniformity of temperature profile in greenhouse.In addition, pick-up air port fills
The reduction of blower stagnation pressure can be made by setting, and reduce the energy consumption of entire ventilating system.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of solar energy greenhouse becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that the solar energy greenhouse is isosceles trapezoid, described to send
Wind apparatus includes solar chimney on wall where the trapezoidal upper bottom edge of solar energy greenhouse is arranged in, solar chimney lower end
The indoor air inlet that outdoor air inlet and the upper end are communicated with wall sidewall upper;It meanwhile further including on solar energy greenhouse top
The exhaust outlet of wall bottom where at least two isosceles trapezoid air outlets of portion's setting and the trapezoidal bottom of solar energy greenhouse, and
Bottom edge of the bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid close to greenhouse;The wind outlet sectional area of the air outlet is from indoor air inlet to far from room
Interior air inlet is sequentially increased;Air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse.
2. solar energy greenhouse as described in claim 1 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that the air outlet can be whole
It is moved up and down in a certain range along the vertical direction.
3. solar energy greenhouse as described in claim 1 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that the air outlet shares 9,
They arrange that each column successively includes two, three, four air-supplies along the upper bottom edge in the greenhouse to bottom edge direction in three column
Mouthful.
4. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that all air-supplies in first row
The sideline of two air outlets among air outlet and third column among mouth, secondary series meets following equation:
X=nlf_voigt (y, x0,xc,A,wG,wL)
The contour line of the two sides of remaining all air outlet meets following equation:
X=35.24+12.19y
X=34.33-11.88y
In formula: x, y are respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m;Remaining constant term parameter is x0=-0.93062;xc=-0.0017;A=
13.78059;wG=3.4445;wL=7.103 × 10-15。
5. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that first row air outlet distance is too
Positive energy chimney air outlet is 2/15L, remaining air outlet column pitch is arranged at 4/15L, and the line space of two row air outlets is 1/2W,
In, L indicates that the length in greenhouse, value are the height of greenhouse isosceles trapezoid, and W indicates the width in greenhouse, and value is greenhouse isosceles trapezoid
Bottom edge lengths.
6. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that first row air outlet, second
Column air outlet, third column air outlet center are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m away from indoor air inlet 3;Spacing 3m in air port in each column;Air outlet
4 mounting height is 9.5m.
7. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that the three column air port side length
Relationship is as follows, i.e. l2=1.375l1,l3=1.75l1, l1、l2、l3The respectively trapezoidal equivalent of the first, second and third column air outlet
Side length.
8. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that first, second and third column are sent
The equivalent side length of air port size is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 700mm.
9. solar energy greenhouse as claimed in claim 3 becomes air port air supply device, which is characterized in that the first row air outlet
Air supply velocity are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet are as follows:
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet are as follows:
In formula, v1,v2,v3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity.
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JP3532270B2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 2004-05-31 | 光一 堀江 | Solar house |
CN203167715U (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-09-04 | 上海奇亚特能源股份有限公司 | Constant temperature greenhouse |
CN204757235U (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 王峰 | Cleaning type heating and ventilation air conditioner device |
CN105091164A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-25 | 西安工程大学 | Integrated evaporative cooling air conditioner system applicable to single building |
CN205454981U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 四川省华派生物制药有限公司 | Greenhouse ventilation flow straightener |
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2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810651530.0A patent/CN109121897A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3532270B2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 2004-05-31 | 光一 堀江 | Solar house |
CN203167715U (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-09-04 | 上海奇亚特能源股份有限公司 | Constant temperature greenhouse |
CN204757235U (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 王峰 | Cleaning type heating and ventilation air conditioner device |
CN105091164A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-25 | 西安工程大学 | Integrated evaporative cooling air conditioner system applicable to single building |
CN205454981U (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2016-08-17 | 四川省华派生物制药有限公司 | Greenhouse ventilation flow straightener |
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