CN109094589A - A kind of aluminum alloy bodywork of rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy body of a rail vehicle, comprising a roof, an underframe and side walls fixed on both sides of the roof and the underframe; wherein, the side walls and the outer sides of the roof are Both the side wall and the outer side of the underframe are welded and fixed by automatic welding, the inner side of the side wall and the roof, and the inner side of the side wall and the underframe are all fixed by glue riveting . The invention has the beneficial effects that: the aluminum alloy car body of the rail vehicle can reduce the welding heat input, improve the flatness and dimensional accuracy of the car body, and eliminate the internal stress at the joints of most parts.

Description

Aluminum alloy body of a rail vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed maglev vehicles, in particular to an aluminum alloy body of a rail vehicle.

Background technique

At present, the common rail vehicle aluminum alloy body, generally most types of internal profiles (underframe, roof, side wall) and the outer welds of most types of connections are automatically welded, and the inner welds of most types of connections are manually welded Welding, the welding input is large, the dimensional accuracy control, flatness and contour are poor, and flame repair is usually required after welding, which reduces the strength of the car body and retains the stress in the car body.

Therefore, how to provide a rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body that can reduce welding heat input, improve car body flatness and dimensional accuracy, and eliminate internal stress at most joints is an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy car body for rail vehicles, which can reduce welding heat input, improve the flatness and dimensional accuracy of the car body, and eliminate internal stress at the joints of most parts.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rail vehicle aluminum alloy body, including a roof, an underframe and side walls fixed on both sides of the roof and underframe; wherein,

The outer side of the side wall and the roof, and the outer side of the side wall and the underframe are all welded and fixed by automatic welding,

The inner side of the side wall and the roof, and the inner side of the side wall and the underframe are all fixed by glue riveting.

Preferably, the rail vehicle aluminum alloy body also includes end walls fixed to both ends of the roof, chassis and side walls; wherein,

The end wall is fixedly connected to the roof and the side wall through end corner columns, and the end wall is connected to the underframe through a buffer beam.

Preferably, the outer sides of the roof and the side walls and the outer sides of the end corner posts are all welded and fixed by arc welding;

The inner side of the roof, the side wall and the inner side of the corner post are all fixed by glue riveting;

The inner and outer sides of the underframe and the inner and outer sides of the buffer beam are fixed by glue riveting.

Preferably, the roof includes a plurality of roof internal profiles that can be overlapped in sequence, and the two adjacent roof internal profiles are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding.

Preferably, each of the side walls includes a plurality of side wall internal profiles that can be overlapped in sequence, and the two adjacent side wall internal profiles are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding.

Preferably, the chassis includes a connecting beam and a plurality of internal profiles of the chassis overlapping on both sides of the connecting beam; wherein,

The connecting beam and the internal profile of the chassis are fixed by means of glue riveting;

The internal profiles of the two adjacent underframes are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding.

Preferably, the laser hybrid welding positions all have laser hybrid welding grooves, and the laser hybrid welding grooves are V-like grooves.

Preferably, the laser hybrid welding positions all have weld pool forming grooves, and the weld pool forming grooves are right-angled triangle-like grooves.

With respect to the above-mentioned background technology, the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The internal profiles of most categories (underframe, roof, and side walls) are fixed by laser composite welding, and V-like grooves can be formed at the joints of internal profiles, which reduces the welding heat input. The influence of welding deformation on the car body structure is reduced, and the connection strength of the welded joint is improved.

2. Automatic welding is adopted on the outer side of most types of connections, and glue riveting structure is used on the inner side of most types of connections, which reduces the welding amount of the car body assembly, facilitates the control of the overall dimensional accuracy of the car body assembly, and realizes no research for the car body. Preconditions are provided for installation. Moreover, most of the connections adopt the construction sequence of outer welding first and then inner glue riveting, which can eliminate the internal stress at the connections of most departments. The inner rubber riveting structure, compared with the traditional long seam manual overhead welding, reduces the professional operation skills requirements of the constructors and reduces the difficulty of operation. The inner rubber riveting structure adopts the method of applying sealant on the contact surface and then riveting, which has better sealing effect and longer service life.

3. The overall length and width of the rail vehicle body usually depend on the length and width of the underframe. The length and width of the underframe are controlled by riveting after overlapping, which eliminates the influence of welding and can realize the length and width of the underframe. precise control. When the car body is assembled, the roof and the end wall, the side wall and the end wall adopt a lap joint structure, which can better control the tolerance of the car body. The bottom frame is lapped and connected with the buffer beam, which can ensure the length and dimensional accuracy of the bottom frame.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body that a kind of embodiment of the present invention provides;

Figure 2-1, Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3, Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5 are partial enlarged views of positions I, II, III, IV, and V in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of the position of the laser hybrid welding joint in Figure 2-1;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of the I position in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2 and Fig. 6-3 are the cross-sectional views of A-A, B-B and C-C in Fig. 5 respectively.

Detailed ways

The core of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy car body for a rail vehicle, which can reduce welding heat input, improve the flatness and dimensional accuracy of the car body, and eliminate internal stress at joints of most parts.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 6-3, Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rail vehicle aluminum alloy body provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2-1, Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3, Figure 2 -4 and Figure 2-5 are the partial enlarged views of the positions of I, II, III, IV, and V in Figure 1; Figure 3 is the partial enlarged view of the position of the laser hybrid welding joint in Figure 2-1; Figure 4 is the partial enlarged view of the position of the laser hybrid welding joint in Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of the middle I position; Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6-1, Fig. 6-2 and Fig. 6-3 are respectively Fig. 5 Sectional views of A-A, B-B and C-C.

In a specific embodiment, the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention includes a roof 1, an underframe 2, and side walls 3 fixed on both sides of the roof 1 and the underframe 2; wherein, the The side wall 3 and the outside of the roof 1, and the outside of the side wall 3 and the underframe 2 are all welded and fixed by automatic welding. The structure of the automatic welding head 8 is shown in Figure 2-4. The inner side of the side wall 3 and the roof 1, and the inner side of the side wall 3 and the underframe 2 are all fixed by means of glue riveting.

The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body also includes end walls fixed to the two ends of the roof 1, the underframe 2 and the side wall 3; wherein,

The end wall is fixed to the roof 1 and the side wall 3 through end corner columns 5 , and the end wall is fixed to the underframe 2 through a buffer beam 6 .

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the outer sides of the roof 1, the side wall 3 and the outer side of the end corner post 5 are all welded and fixed by means of arc welding 4;

The inner side of the roof 1, the side wall 3 and the inner side of the corner post 5 are all fixed by glue riveting;

The inner and outer sides of the underframe 2 and the inner and outer sides of the buffer beam 6 are fixed by glue riveting.

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the roof 1 includes a plurality of roof internal profiles that can be overlapped in sequence, and the two adjacent roof internal profiles are welded by laser hybrid welding fixed.

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the side walls 3 each include a plurality of side wall internal profiles that can be sequentially overlapped, and the two adjacent side wall internal profiles are all welded by laser hybrid welding. Welding fixed.

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the underframe 2 includes a connecting beam 21 and a plurality of internal profiles of the underframe overlapping the two sides of the connecting beam 21; wherein,

The connection beam 21 is fixed to the internal profile of the underframe by means of glue riveting;

The internal profiles of the two adjacent underframes are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding.

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the laser hybrid welding positions all have laser hybrid welding grooves, and the laser hybrid welding grooves are V-like grooves 71 . The laser composite welding groove is used for seam tracking.

In the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, the laser hybrid welding positions all have weld pool forming grooves, and the weld pool forming grooves are right-angled triangle-like grooves 73 . The weld pool forming groove is different from the molten pool forming groove provided on the welding backing plate 72 of the traditional aluminum profile. Due to the small amount of laser composite welding wire filling, no groove is provided on the backing plate, but a groove is provided on the back of the profile welding , to avoid the weld surface collapse after welding is completed. This aluminum profile design method can ensure better welding quality and weld surface shaping.

The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, laser composite welding increases the requirements for the profile interface, within the range of the overall length of the profile, the gap a is not greater than 0.5mm; within the range of the overall length of the profile, the gap a The amount b is not greater than 0.3mm.

The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, as shown in the enlarged view III and the enlarged view IV, the roof 1 is connected to the side wall 3, and the side wall 3 and the chassis 2 are connected by automatic welding on the outside and riveting on the inside structure, reducing the amount of welding. The inner riveted joint surface is coated with sealant 9, which improves the airtightness.

In the aluminum alloy body of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention, the length and width of the underframe 2 are adjusted by riveting. As shown in the enlarged view V, the connecting beam 21 in the middle of the underframe 2 is overlapped with the internal profiles of the underframe on both sides, which realizes the precise control of the width of the underframe 2 . As shown in the sectional view C-C, the underframe 2 is connected to the underframe buffer beam 6 by overlapping, which ensures the length and dimensional accuracy of the underframe 2 .

The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body provided by the present invention, as shown in the sectional view A-A and the sectional view B-B, the roof 1, the side wall 3 and the end corner post 5 are all connected by lap joints, which is convenient for controlling the length tolerance of the car body after assembly.

In the aluminum alloy body of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention, the glue riveting refers to a fixing method in which the contact surface is coated with sealant 9 and then riveted with rivets 10 .

The assembly process sequence of the rail vehicle aluminum alloy body provided by the present invention is as follows: 1. The bottom frame 2 is placed on the assembly welding tool; 2. At both ends of the bottom frame 2, the end walls are assembled; 3. The side wall 3 is assembled, Socketed with the underframe 2 and lapped with the end wall; 4. Falling off the roof 1 and lapped with the side wall 3 and the end wall.

It can be seen from the body structure and process sequence that the length and width tolerances of the vehicle mainly depend on the length and width tolerances of the chassis. In addition, the main factors affecting the tolerance of the car body are the four full-length welds between the side wall and the roof, and the side wall and the underframe. The existing aluminum alloy car body structure is all connected by arc welding, and the dimensional tolerance accuracy of the chassis and the whole vehicle is relatively poor.

The aluminum alloy body of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body, characterized in that: comprising a roof, an underframe and side walls affixed to both sides of the roof and underframe; wherein, The outer side of the side wall and the roof, and the outer side of the side wall and the underframe are all welded and fixed by automatic welding, The inner side of the side wall and the roof, and the inner side of the side wall and the underframe are all fixed by glue riveting. 2. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body also includes end walls affixed to both ends of the roof, the underframe and the side walls; wherein , The end wall is fixedly connected to the roof and the side wall through end corner columns, and the end wall is connected to the underframe through a buffer beam. 3. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the outside of the roof, the side wall and the outside of the end corner post are all welded and fixed by arc welding; The inner side of the roof, the side wall and the inner side of the corner post are all fixed by glue riveting. 4 . The aluminum alloy body of a rail vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein the inner and outer sides of the underframe and the inner and outer sides of the buffer beam are fixed by glue riveting. 5. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roof includes a plurality of roof internal profiles that can be overlapped in sequence, and the distance between the two adjacent roof internal profiles is It is welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding. 6. The aluminum alloy car body of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the side walls includes a plurality of internal profiles of the side walls that can be sequentially overlapped, and the gap between the internal profiles of the two adjacent side walls All are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding. 7. The aluminum alloy car body of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the underframe includes a connecting beam and a plurality of internal profiles of the underframe overlapping on both sides of the connecting beam; wherein, The connecting beam and the internal profile of the chassis are fixed by means of glue riveting; The internal profiles of the two adjacent underframes are welded and fixed by laser hybrid welding. 8. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body as claimed in claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: said laser hybrid welding positions all have laser hybrid welding grooves, and said laser hybrid welding grooves are V-like slopes mouth. 9. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: said laser hybrid welding positions all have weld pool forming grooves, and said weld pool forming grooves are rectangular Triangular groove.