CN109089827A - A kind of potato plantation substrate - Google Patents
A kind of potato plantation substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089827A CN109089827A CN201810853749.9A CN201810853749A CN109089827A CN 109089827 A CN109089827 A CN 109089827A CN 201810853749 A CN201810853749 A CN 201810853749A CN 109089827 A CN109089827 A CN 109089827A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of potato plantation substrate comprising the raw material of following parts by weight is made: 50~60 parts of cowshed padding, 10~15 parts of river sand, 5~10 parts of turfy soil, 5~10 parts of wormwood particle, 3~5 parts of peanut vine particle, 1~2 part of EM bacterium；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine is ground into granule size and obtains less than 0.5 centimetre.Potato plantation substrate of the present invention can improve potato yield, reduce pest and disease damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to potato culture technical field, specially a kind of potato plantation substrate.
Background technique
Potato (scientific name:Solanum tuberosum, English: potato) and it is also known as potato, potato, potato, potato
Deng.Potato tubers contains 2% or so protein, and the dry middle protein content of potato is 8%~9%.The proteinaceous nutrient valence of potato
Value is very high, and quality is equivalent to the protein of egg, is easy digestion, absorbs, better than the protein of other crops.And potato
Protein contain 18 kinds of amino acid, the various essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized including human body.Speak highly of the nutrition of potato
Value, is lysine, tryptophan, histidine, arginine, the benzene for containing high-grade protein and essential amino acid with its stem tuber
The presence of alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and methionine is undivided.
Potato raw long period is short, adaptable, per unit area yield is high, stem tuber is full of nutrition, widely used, is to be only second in the world
The fourth-largest cereal crops of paddy and wheat, corn.The traditional cultural method of potato is to broadcast preceding soil deeptillage, smooth again, is applied simultaneously
Base fertilizer；Then ditched furrow, dig bunch planting kind potato, then earthing lid kind, during the growth process in order to improve the growth of potato
2~3 cultivation and bankings are also carried out with knot potato environment: also soil being opened in harvesting, digs potato one by one.This planting
The shortcomings that culture method is that potato ties potato in the soil, by the extruding of soil when stem tuber expands, is unfavorable for expanding for stem tuber,
Suffered resistance is bigger in the case where non-sandy loam, and general knot potato is smaller, and big-and-middle potato rate is low, and the implantation methods operate
Many and diverse, large labor intensity is taken a lot of work laborious.In order to guarantee the yield and quality of potato, people are cultivated using cultivation matrix,
Open source literature also reports the cultivation matrix of some potatos, such as:
1, Chinese patent: a kind of potato plantation substrate, application number: 201510672344.1, the applying date: 2015. 10.
13, applicant: Dong Hao, address: the 233400 Anhui Province Bengbu Huaiyuan County horse cities and towns villages Bai Yi 336, inventor: Dong
Good, abstract: the present invention provides a kind of potato plantation substrate, is used in rice straw for potato no-tillage with straw mulch cultural method
Cultivation matrix, by 22 parts of detritus soil, 6 parts of pine soil, 7.5 parts of corn stalk powder, PNK content be 1.5 parts of 7:7:9 compound fertilizer,
Quick lime 2,1.5 parts of the tuber of stemona, 1.2 parts of polygonum cuspidate, 0.3 part of Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 0.5 part of schizonepeta, windproof 0.2 part, 0.5 part of the coptis, safflower 1.6
Part, 2.5 parts of Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1.5 parts of the stem pith of the rice-paper plant, 1.2 parts of calamus, are formulated, pH value 5.8 by weight.Potato of the present invention is dedicated
Cultivation matrix has the function of sterilizing expelling parasite, plays a very good protection to potato seed bud, potato seed bud is avoided to be broken by pest in soil
It is infected badly or by germ；With preferable gas permeability and water-retaining property, it can be sprouted for potato seed seedling and necessary nutrient is provided.?
One layer of potato plantation substrate is laid in furrow can solve the problem of to be easy mildew after mulching straw below straw layer.
2, Chinese patent: a kind of potato plantation substrate, application number: 201610449105.4, the applying date:
2016.06 .21, applicant: Fu Feng vegetables Specialty Co-operative Organization of Guangde County, address: 242236 Xuancheng City of Anhui Province Guangde County Tao Zhou
Town ancestral temple hummock rich family village, inventor: Wu Zicheng, abstract: the invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, are related to a kind of dedicated cultivation of potato
Train matrix, including nutrient matrix and the pesticide matrix being used cooperatively with the nutrient matrix, the nutrient matrix include wormcast,
Bentonite, sawdust, bagasse, biogas slurry；One phase of the pesticide matrix matrix and the second stage of matrix, the phase matrix includes vegetation
Ash, Herba Houttuyniae extract, Purslane extract, ginger, cushaw leaf, camphortree leaf, calamus root.The present invention uses nutrient matrix and agriculture
Medicine discrete phase is used cooperatively, and while the growth to potato provides nutrition, can effectively prevent the pest and disease damage of potato；Battalion
Feeding matrix is not only that potato provides nutrition and provides the peripheral environment conducive to growth for potato tubers, and big-and-middle potato rate mentions
Height, and slow release fertilizer, utilization rate are high；Pesticide matrix can effectively prevent the pest and disease damage of potato, guarantee potato quality and
Yield, and pesticide matrix all uses vegetable raw material, and noresidue has no toxic side effect.
3, Chinese patent: a kind of potato large-scale cultivation substrate, application number: 201310265833.6, the applying date:
2013. 06. 28, applicant: Jiangsu Kai Chang comprehensive agricultural development Science and Technology Ltd., address: 212431 industry
The town Guo Zhuan farm of Ge Cun Xinhua ecological park 1, inventor: Jiang Shixin, Zhou Peng, Chen Chao, abstract: the invention discloses a kind of Ma Ling
Potato large-scale cultivation substrate, includes perlite and vermiculite totally 40% ~ 60% by mass percentage, river sand 0% ~ 20%, soil 0% ~ 15%,
Wooden fermentation material 20% ~ 60%, wooden fermentation material include any one or more of bark, sawdust, stalk, reed, bagasse
Combined tunning.The present invention is especially suitable for potato tubers soilless substyate culture, it is particularly suitable for carrying out extensive base
Matter culture, because component of the invention hardly uses soil or peat, inorganic matter is mentioned by supported matrix and wooden fermentation material
For the sawdust of wooden fermentation material high-content ensure that matrix gap science, and the ventilative water conservation of height, the fermentation and sunning of long period can
Effectively control pH makes it meet potato growth requirement.
Summary of the invention
Mesh of the invention is to provide a kind of different from traditional potato culture matrix, can improve potato yield, reduce disease
The potato plantation substrate of insect pest.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of potato plantation substrate, the potato plantation substrate preparation process are as follows:
(1) take by weight 50~60 parts of cowshed padding, 10~15 parts of river sand, 5~10 parts of turfy soil, 5~10 parts of wormwood particle,
3~5 parts of peanut vine particle, 1~2 part of EM bacterium；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine
Granule size is ground into obtain less than 0.5 centimetre.
(2) the old cowshed padding for replacing cowshed is uniformly mixed with river sand, turfy soil and peanut vine particle, is passed through
After pasteurization 5~10 hours, sterilisation temp is 50 DEG C~60 DEG C, obtains mixture.
(3) mixture is uniformly mixed with wormwood particle and EM bacterium, after standing spontaneous fermentation 5 days to obtain the final product.Plant potato
When, this cultivation matrix is layered on plantation plot, and play furrow, sowing plantation can be carried out, pour water appropriate.
The cowshed padding includes that the raw material of following parts by weight is made: 35~50 parts of the wooden chaff, 25~45 parts of rice husk, sweet
10~25 parts of bagasse, 5~15 parts of sugarcane marrow, 5~15 parts of fermentation material, 3~10 parts of forage waste residue, ox urinate 3~8 parts, the dry slag of cow dung 2~
3 parts；The forage waste residue, which is that cattle eat grass, expects remaining residue.
The fermentation material is the stomach slag and gastric juice, ox urine and ox for adding strain using culture medium, taking out from ox ruminant stomach
The fermentation material that argol slag culture obtains.
The culture medium, raw material include following parts by weight: 15~20 parts of the wooden chaff, 10~15 parts of rice husk, eucalyptus branches and leaves
5~10 parts of particle, 5~15 parts of sugarcane marrow, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate, 2~5 parts of urea；Eucalyptus branches and leaves particle is to utilize eucalyptus branches and leaves
Granule size is ground into less than 0.5 centimetre.
The strain includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of saccharomycete, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of cellulase,
1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 0.5 part of candida utili, 0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum.
The incubation of the fermentation material is to be uniformly mixed culture medium, strain, ox urine and the dry slag of cow dung, culture medium,
The weight ratio of strain, ox urine and the dry slag of cow dung is 100:(1~3): 30:20, after one week of stationary culture, addition is ruminated from ox
The stomach slag and gastric juice that take out in stomach are uniformly mixed, after standing 3~4 days to get；The stomach slag and gastric juice that are taken out from ox ruminant stomach with
The weight ratio of culture medium is (3~4): 100.
The preparation process of the padding of the vaccary cowshed are as follows:
(1) the wooden chaff, rice husk, bagasse, sugarcane marrow, fermentation material, forage waste residue, ox urine, the dry slag of cow dung are taken by above-mentioned parts by weight, and
Bagasse and forage waste residue are ground into granule size less than 1 centimetre, it is spare；
(2) after mixing by the wooden chaff, rice husk, bagasse, sugarcane marrow, fermentation material and the dry slag of cow dung, the ox urine that half amount is added is mixed
It closes uniformly, is left to ferment 3~5 days, obtains fermentation material；
(3) forage waste residue is added in fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, the ox urine for adding the other half amount is uniformly mixed, standing for fermentation 3
After it, until fermentation material is dry and comfortable to obtain the final product.When the wooden chaff of appearance is hardened during cowboying, harrowed with rotary cultivator or tool loose；When padding is wet
It spends greatly when there is peculiar smell, is sprinkling upon on padding with fermentation material, the padding of every quadrature adds 1~2 kilogram.
The yeast (saccharomyce) it is common eucaryote recipient cell, culture in gene cloning experiment
Saccharomycete facilitates as culture Escherichia coli.The type of yeast cloning vector is also very much.Saccharomycete is this also with the presence of plasmid
The plasmid of 2pm long is known as 2um plasmid, about 6300bp.This plasmid is at least present in chromosome in nucleus for some time
In addition, the wearing between bacterium and yeast cell that can shuttle can be built into using the plasmid in 2pm plasmid and Escherichia coli
Shuttle plasmid.Yeast is some unicellular fungis, not the unit of phylogeny classification.It is a kind of invisible small unicellular
Sugar can be fermented into alcohol and carbon dioxide, be distributed in entire nature by microorganism, be a kind of micro- life of typical amphimicrobian
Object can survive under aerobic and oxygen free condition, be natural fermented dose a kind of.
The bacillus subtilis, Classification system:Bacillus subtilis, it is one kind of bacillus.Withered grass
Bacillus has stronger protease, amylase and lipase active, can be active enzyme by internal activation of zymogen, may be used also
Other enzymes of secretion-series, such as pectase, dextranase, cellulase can help to decompose non-starch polysaccharide etc. in plant feed
Substance improves efficiency of feed utilization, and acid intestinal environment can stimulate the intestines peristalsis of animal, promote to digest and assimilate.
The cellulase (English:cellulase) be enzyme one kind, in decomposition of cellulose from biocatalysis make
With.Being can be by cellulose decomposition at oligosaccharides or the protein of monosaccharide.Cellulase is widely present in the organism of nature.
Bacterium, fungi can generate cellulase in animal body etc..The cellulase of production is generally used for from fungi, compares allusion quotation
Type has trichoderma (Trichoderma), aspergillus (Aspergillus) and Penicillium (Penicillium).
EM bacterium (Effective Microorganisms) it is by about 80 kinds of microorganism groups at EM bacterium is big by Japanese Ryukyu
Ratio is good to be studied successfully professor's nineteen eighty-two according to husband, is put goods on the market the eighties.EM bacterium is with photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast
10 based on bacterium and actinomyces belong to a kind of micro- life bacteria preparation that more than 80 microorganisms are combined.The mechanism of action is to be formed
The competition of EM bacterium and pathogenic microorganism contention nutrition, since em bacterium easily lives and reproduces in the soil, so can comparatively fast stablize
Ground occupies the ecologic niche in soil, forms the advantage group of beneficial microbial bacteria, to control the breeding of pathogenic microorganism
With the invasion to crop.It is the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, is more advantageous to the sustainable development of agricultural.The nineties at the end of the eighties
Just, EM bacterium is widely used in agricultural, cultivation, kind by states such as Japan, Thailand, Brazil, the U.S., Indonesia, Sri Lanka
The fields such as plant, environmental protection achieve apparent economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris) belong to photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB)
One kind, be one of microorganism most ancient on the earth.PSB thallus is full of nutrition, and protein content is up to 65%, the red vacation in marsh
Zygosaccharomyces is one of microorganism most ancient on the earth in one kind of photosynthetic bacteria (english abbreviation PSB).PSB thallus nutrition
Abundant, protein content is up to 65%, and is rich in various bioactivators, and adaptable strong, and be resistant to high concentration has
Machine waste water and stronger decomposition and inversion ability also have the features such as certain tolerance and capacity of decomposition to poisonous substances such as phenol, cyanogen.
Candida utili is called Torula utilis Henneb or edible torula, Latin are entitledCandidautilis, Candida utilis
The cell of yeast is rounded, oval or sausage shape, and size is (3.5~4.5) um × (7~13) um；Liquid Culture does not produce mould,
Tube bottom has bacterial sediment.Candida utili can produce the edible protein of people and animals, energy using molasses, wood hydrolysis liquid etc.
Animal intestinal micro-ecology balance is adjusted, feed digestibility is improved, enhances animal body immunity.Candida utili can use
Cellulose raw material produces nutrition and increases rich fermented feed, and just contains a large amount of cellulose in bagasse.Further, since it is false to produce protein
Silk yeast cells is rich in vitamin B and protein, moreover it is possible to part nutriment needed for providing animal.As feed enzyme additive
Can produce a variety of enzymes after yeast cell wall cracking, yeast cells living can also a variety of enzymes of exocytosis, such as amylase, albumen
Enzyme, cellulase etc..Thus, yeast can reinforce the digestibility and utilization to nutriment, promote growth of animals or poultry, promote its appetite, increase
The ability with resisting stress is resisted the disease by force.
Lactobacillus plantarum is one kind of lactic acid bacteria, and optimum growth temperature is 30-35 DEG C, and anaerobism or amphimicrobian, strain are
Straight or curved is rod-shaped, individually, sometimes in pairs or at chain, optimal pH 6.5 or so belongs to homofermentative lactic bacteria.This bacterium and its
He is that the viable count of this bacterium is relatively high at the difference of lactic acid bacteria, can largely produce acid, increases the pH value stabilization in water not, and
The acidic materials of its output can degrade heavy metal；It, can output in reproductive process since this bacterium is anaerobic bacteria (facultative aerobic)
Distinctive lactobacillin, lactobacillin are a kind of preservatives of bion.
Eucalyptus branches and leaves are the branch and leaf of eucalyptus, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus robusta Smith) it is also known as You Jiali
Tree, is the general designation of Myrtaceae eucalyptus plant.Evergreen high megaphanerophyte, about more than 600 plant.Aithullium has periodically in 1 year
The phenomenon that dead leaf falls off, big multi items are high megaphanerophytes, and minority is dungarunga, in frutescent seldom.Shape of tree-crown has steeple
Shape, racemosus shape and weeping branch shape etc..Dan Ye, full edge, keratin are had one layer of thin wax sometimes.Leaf can be divided into juvenile leaf, intermediate leaf
With climax leaves three classes, the leaf of most kinds is to life, smaller, heart-shaped or wealthy lanceolar.Source area is mainly in Australia continent, and 19
It introduces a fine variety in century to all over the world, by 2012, there are 96 countries to have cultivation.There are the various values such as medicinal, economic.
Wormwood (Classification system Artemisia argyi), alias wormwood, ice platform, Ai Gao, moxibustion grass, firewood Chinese mugwort, fragrant Chinese mugwort etc., belongs to
Composite family artemisia, is herbaceos perennial, and plant has enhanced aroma.Mugwort bitter and it is pungent, it is nontoxic, wash smoked take and all may be used.It can temperature
In, by it is cold, dehumidifying, Zhiduo County plant disease.Compendium of Material Medica carries: Chinese mugwort " toast all kinds of diseases and ailments.It can decoct, antiemetic blood diarrhea, lower part is hidden sore,
Married woman leaks blood, Li Yin gas；Myogenic meat, wards off chill, has made one son.Make to decoct not enable and see wind, smashes juice stock, only blood trouble, kill roundworm, boiling
And ball is dissipated and is appointed.Blood is only collapsed, perianal abscess blood opens up metal-inflicted wound, only abdominal pain, miscarriage prevention.Bitters is decocted, and it is very good to control tinea ... ... ".Modern pharmacology
It is in oil predominantly 1.8-Cineoles (accounting for 50% or more), camphene, camphor, carvone, anti-it was found that wormwood volatile oil content is more
Formula reed alcohol, α-terpinol, α-absinthol, sesquiterpene alcohols and its ester, aerial part are derivative containing a series of sesquiterpenoids
Object modern experimental research has shown that wormwood has anti-mattress and antivirus action；It relievings asthma, antibechic and phlegm-dispelling functions；Hemostasis and anticoagulation
Effect；Calm and anti-allergic effects；Protect liver choleretic effect etc..
Utstanding substantial characteristics and significant improvement of the present invention are:
The application potato plantation substrate is broken using special cowshed padding and river sand, turfy soil, wormwood particle, peanut vine
Grain and EM bacterium are mixed to get, and potato growth is fast, and pest and disease damage is few, per mu yield fresh sweet potato up to 4050 kilograms, 0.5 jin of the single weight of fresh sweet potato with
On, account for 85% or more of sum.
Specific embodiment
For the more detailed introduction present invention, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Feeding potato plantation substrate can be obtained using following steps:
(1) 50 parts of cowshed padding, 10 parts of river sand, 5 parts of turfy soil, 5 parts of wormwood particle, 3 parts of peanut vine particle, EM are taken by weight
1 part of bacterium；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine is ground into granule size less than 0.5 li
Rice obtains.
(2) the old cowshed padding for replacing cowshed is uniformly mixed with river sand, turfy soil and peanut vine particle, is passed through
After pasteurization 5~10 hours, sterilisation temp is 50 DEG C~60 DEG C, obtains mixture.
(3) mixture is uniformly mixed with wormwood particle and EM bacterium, after standing spontaneous fermentation 5 days to obtain the final product.
The preparation process of the cowshed padding are as follows:
(1) take 35 parts of the wooden chaff, 25 parts of rice husk, 10 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of sugarcane marrow, 5 parts of fermentation material, forage useless by above-mentioned parts by weight
3 parts of slag, ox urinate 3 parts, 2 parts of the dry slag of cow dung；The forage waste residue, which is that cattle eat grass, expects remaining residue.And by bagasse and forage
Waste residue is ground into granule size less than 1 centimetre, spare.
(2) after mixing by the wooden chaff, rice husk, bagasse, sugarcane marrow, fermentation material and the dry slag of cow dung, the ox of half amount is added
Urine is uniformly mixed, and is left to ferment 3~5 days, is obtained fermentation material.
(3) forage waste residue is added in fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, the ox urine for adding the other half amount is uniformly mixed, and stands hair
After ferment 3 days, until fermentation material is dry and comfortable to obtain the final product.When the wooden chaff of appearance is hardened during cowboying, harrowed with rotary cultivator or tool loose；Work as padding
Humidity is excessive when there is peculiar smell, is sprinkling upon on padding with fermentation material, the padding of every quadrature adds 1~2 kilogram.
The fermentation material is the stomach slag and gastric juice, ox urine and ox for adding strain using culture medium, taking out from ox ruminant stomach
The fermentation material that argol slag culture obtains.The culture medium, raw material include following parts by weight: 15 parts of the wooden chaff, 10 parts of rice husk, eucalyptus
5 parts of tree branches and leaves particle, 5 parts of sugarcane marrow, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of urea；Eucalyptus branches and leaves particle is to crush granulating using eucalyptus branches and leaves
Size is spent less than 0.5 centimetre.The strain includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of saccharomycete, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, fibre
Tie up plain 1 part of enzyme, 1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 0.5 part of candida utili, 0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum.It is described
Fermentation material incubation be by culture medium, strain, ox urine and the dry slag of cow dung be uniformly mixed, culture medium, strain, ox urine and ox
The weight ratio of argol slag is 100:(1~3): after one week of stationary culture, the stomach taken out from ox ruminant stomach is added in 30:20
Slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, after standing 3~4 days to get；The weight of the stomach slag and gastric juice and culture medium that are taken out from ox ruminant stomach
Than for (3~4): 100.
Embodiment 2
Feeding potato plantation substrate can be obtained using following steps:
(1) 55 parts of cowshed padding, river sand 12,7 parts of turfy soil, 8 parts of wormwood particle, 4 parts of peanut vine particle, EM bacterium are taken by weight
1.5 part；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine is ground into granule size less than 0.5 li
Rice obtains.
(2) the old cowshed padding for replacing cowshed is uniformly mixed with river sand, turfy soil and peanut vine particle, is passed through
After pasteurization 5~10 hours, sterilisation temp is 50 DEG C~60 DEG C, obtains mixture.
(3) mixture is uniformly mixed with wormwood particle and EM bacterium, after standing spontaneous fermentation 5 days to obtain the final product.
The preparation process of the cowshed padding are as follows:
(1) 40 parts of the wooden chaff, 35 parts of rice husk, 20 parts of bagasse, 10 parts of sugarcane marrow, 10 parts of fermentation material, forage are taken by above-mentioned parts by weight
7 parts of waste residue, ox urinate 6 parts, 2.5 parts of the dry slag of cow dung；The forage waste residue, which is that cattle eat grass, expects remaining residue.And by bagasse and
Forage waste residue is ground into granule size less than 1 centimetre, spare.
(2) after mixing by the wooden chaff, rice husk, bagasse, sugarcane marrow, fermentation material and the dry slag of cow dung, the ox of half amount is added
Urine is uniformly mixed, and is left to ferment 3~5 days, is obtained fermentation material.
(3) forage waste residue is added in fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, the ox urine for adding the other half amount is uniformly mixed, and stands hair
After ferment 3 days, until fermentation material is dry and comfortable to obtain the final product.When the wooden chaff of appearance is hardened during cowboying, harrowed with rotary cultivator or tool loose；Work as padding
Humidity is excessive when there is peculiar smell, is sprinkling upon on padding with fermentation material, the padding of every quadrature adds 1~2 kilogram.
The fermentation material is the stomach slag and gastric juice, ox urine and ox for adding strain using culture medium, taking out from ox ruminant stomach
The fermentation material that argol slag culture obtains.The culture medium, raw material include following parts by weight: 18 parts of the wooden chaff, 12 parts of rice husk, eucalyptus
7 parts of tree branches and leaves particle, 10 parts of sugarcane marrow, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of urea；Eucalyptus branches and leaves particle is to crush granulating using eucalyptus branches and leaves
Size is spent less than 0.5 centimetre.The strain includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of saccharomycete, 1 part of bacillus subtilis, fibre
Tie up plain 1 part of enzyme, 1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 0.5 part of candida utili, 0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum.It is described
Fermentation material incubation be by culture medium, strain, ox urine and the dry slag of cow dung be uniformly mixed, culture medium, strain, ox urine and ox
The weight ratio of argol slag is 100:(1~3): after one week of stationary culture, the stomach taken out from ox ruminant stomach is added in 30:20
Slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, after standing 3~4 days to get；The weight of the stomach slag and gastric juice and culture medium that are taken out from ox ruminant stomach
Than for (3~4): 100.
Embodiment 3
Feeding potato plantation substrate can be obtained using following steps:
(1) take by weight 60 parts of cowshed padding, 15 parts of river sand, 10 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of wormwood particle, 5 parts of peanut vine particle,
2 parts of EM bacterium；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine is ground into granule size less than 0.5
It centimetre obtains.
(2) the old cowshed padding for replacing cowshed is uniformly mixed with river sand, turfy soil and peanut vine particle, is passed through
After pasteurization 5~10 hours, sterilisation temp is 50 DEG C~60 DEG C, obtains mixture.
(3) mixture is uniformly mixed with wormwood particle and EM bacterium, after standing spontaneous fermentation 5 days to obtain the final product.
The preparation process of the cowshed padding are as follows:
(1) 50 parts of the wooden chaff, 45 parts of rice husk, 25 parts of bagasse, 15 parts of sugarcane marrow, 15 parts of fermentation material, forage are taken by above-mentioned parts by weight
10 parts of waste residue, ox urinate 8 parts, 3 parts of the dry slag of cow dung；The forage waste residue, which is that cattle eat grass, expects remaining residue.And by bagasse and
Forage waste residue is ground into granule size less than 1 centimetre, spare.
(2) after mixing by the wooden chaff, rice husk, bagasse, sugarcane marrow, fermentation material and the dry slag of cow dung, the ox of half amount is added
Urine is uniformly mixed, and is left to ferment 3~5 days, is obtained fermentation material.
(3) forage waste residue is added in fermentation material to be uniformly mixed, the ox urine for adding the other half amount is uniformly mixed, and stands hair
After ferment 3 days, until fermentation material is dry and comfortable to obtain the final product.When the wooden chaff of appearance is hardened during cowboying, harrowed with rotary cultivator or tool loose；Work as padding
Humidity is excessive when there is peculiar smell, is sprinkling upon on padding with fermentation material, the padding of every quadrature adds 1~2 kilogram.
The fermentation material is the stomach slag and gastric juice, ox urine and ox for adding strain using culture medium, taking out from ox ruminant stomach
The fermentation material that argol slag culture obtains.The culture medium, raw material include following parts by weight: 20 parts of the wooden chaff, 15 parts of rice husk, eucalyptus
10 parts of tree branches and leaves particle, 15 parts of sugarcane marrow, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of urea；Eucalyptus branches and leaves particle is ground into using eucalyptus branches and leaves
Granule size is less than 0.5 centimetre.The strain includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of saccharomycete, 1 part of bacillus subtilis,
1 part of cellulase, 1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 0.5 part of candida utili, 0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum.Institute
The incubation for the fermentation material stated be by culture medium, strain, ox urine and the dry slag of cow dung be uniformly mixed, culture medium, strain, ox urine and
The weight ratio of the dry slag of cow dung is 100:(1~3): 30:20, after one week of stationary culture, what addition was taken out from ox ruminant stomach
Stomach slag and gastric juice are uniformly mixed, after standing 3~4 days to get；The weight of the stomach slag and gastric juice and culture medium that are taken out from ox ruminant stomach
Amount is than being (3~4): 100.
Application Example
1, Guangxi Wuxuan beef cattle breeding field, the cowshed padding and river sand, turfy soil, wormwood particle, peanut vine that replacement is obtained
Particle and EM bacterium are mixed to get potato culture matrix, i.e. cultivation matrix in the embodiment of the present invention, plant horse experimental field interior
Bell potato (Holland 7), calculates according to statistics, and per mu yield fresh sweet potato accounts for the 85% of sum up to 4050 kilograms, 0.5 jin of single weight of fresh sweet potato or more
More than.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of potato plantation substrate, it is characterised in that: the raw material including following parts by weight is made: cowshed padding 50
~60 parts, 10~15 parts of river sand, 5~10 parts of turfy soil, 5~10 parts of wormwood particle, 3~5 parts of peanut vine particle, EM bacterium 1~2
Part；The wormwood particle and peanut vine particle is to be utilized respectively wormwood and peanut vine is ground into granule size less than 0.5 centimetre
It obtains.
2. potato plantation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the system of potato plantation substrate
Standby process are as follows:
(1) the old cowshed padding for replacing cowshed is uniformly mixed with river sand, turfy soil and peanut vine particle, by Pasteur
After disinfection 5~10 hours, sterilisation temp is 50 DEG C~60 DEG C, obtains mixture；
(2) mixture is uniformly mixed with wormwood particle and EM bacterium, after standing spontaneous fermentation 5 days to obtain the final product.
3. potato plantation substrate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cowshed padding includes following
The raw material of parts by weight is made: 35~50 parts of the wooden chaff, 25~45 parts of rice husk, 10~25 parts of bagasse, 5~15 parts of sugarcane marrow, fermentation
5~15 parts of material, 3~10 parts of forage waste residue, ox urinate 3~8 parts, 2~3 parts of the dry slag of cow dung；The forage waste residue, which is that cattle eat grass, expects
Remaining residue.
4. potato plantation substrate according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the fermentation material is to utilize culture
The stomach slag and gastric juice, the fermentation material that ox urinates and the dry slag culture of cow dung obtains that base adds strain, takes out from ox ruminant stomach.
5. potato plantation substrate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the culture medium, raw material packet
Include following parts by weight: 15~20 parts of the wooden chaff, 10~15 parts of rice husk, 5~10 parts of eucalyptus branches and leaves particle, 5~15 parts of sugarcane marrow, sulfuric acid are sub-
1~3 part of iron, 2~5 parts of urea；Eucalyptus branches and leaves particle is that granule size is ground into using eucalyptus branches and leaves less than 0.5 centimetre.
6. potato plantation substrate according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the strain includes following weight
The raw material of part: 2 parts of saccharomycete, 1 part of cellulase, 1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, produces 1 part of bacillus subtilis
0.5 part of protein Candida, 0.1 part of lactobacillus plantarum.
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| CN201810853749.9A CN109089827A (en) | 2018-07-30 | 2018-07-30 | A kind of potato plantation substrate |
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| CN201810853749.9A CN109089827A (en) | 2018-07-30 | 2018-07-30 | A kind of potato plantation substrate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117136806A (en) * | 2023-09-09 | 2023-12-01 | 西昌学院 | Cultivation method of high-quality potatoes |
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