CN109084306B

CN109084306B - A medical waste pretreatment device

Info

Publication number: CN109084306B
Application number: CN201810987637.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞凯君; 徐军; 罗松
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
Priority date: 2018-08-28
Filing date: 2018-08-28
Publication date: 2024-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-28
Also published as: CN109084306A

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical waste pretreatment device, which comprises a shell, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the shell, a grinding cavity and a disinfection cavity which are separated are arranged in the shell, and a grinding component and a disinfection component are respectively arranged in the grinding cavity and the disinfection cavity; the bottom of the grinding cavity is communicated with the bottom of the disinfection cavity through a pushing component, the top of the grinding cavity is communicated with the bottom of the feeding port, and the bottom of the disinfection cavity is communicated with the discharging port; the pushing component conveys the garbage ground by the grinding cavity to the discharge port through the disinfection cavity. Compared with the prior art, the medical waste is ground by the grinding component of the grinding cavity, and the ground waste is collected from the discharge hole after being disinfected by the disinfection cavity by the pushing component, so that the medical waste can be ground and disinfected at one time, and the medical waste grinding device has the advantages of high working efficiency and good treatment effect.

Description

Medical waste pretreatment device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a medical waste pretreatment device.

Background

Medical waste refers to contaminated waste produced by hospitals, such as used cotton balls, gauze, adhesive tapes, waste water, disposable medical devices, post-operation waste, expired medicines, etc., which come into contact with blood, flesh, etc. of patients. Because medical waste has the characteristics of space pollution, acute infection, latent pollution and the like, the harm of viruses and germs is tens, hundreds and even thousands times of that of common household waste, and if the medical waste is improperly treated, serious pollution to the environment is caused, and the medical waste can also become a source of epidemic diseases. For the current medical waste, the common treatment method is incineration treatment, but some medical waste has large volume, cannot be burnt cleanly by direct incineration, needs to be subjected to treatment such as grinding, crushing and the like in advance, and can easily cause bacteria and viruses to spread into the atmosphere if incineration is carried out without disinfection because the medical waste contains various bacteria and viruses. There is currently a lack of a device for rapid pretreatment of medical waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the medical waste pretreatment device.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

the medical waste pretreatment device comprises a shell, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the shell, a grinding cavity and a disinfection cavity which are separated from each other are arranged in the shell, and a grinding component and a disinfection component are respectively arranged in the grinding cavity and the disinfection cavity; the bottom of the grinding cavity is communicated with the bottom of the disinfection cavity through a pushing component, the top of the grinding cavity is communicated with the bottom of the feeding port, and the bottom of the disinfection cavity is communicated with the discharging port; the pushing component conveys the garbage ground by the grinding cavity to the discharge port through the disinfection cavity.

Preferably, the grinding assembly comprises a transversely disposed grinding plate and a grinding rod; the grinding rod is provided with a plurality of grinding wheels, the grinding wheels are arranged on the upper surface of the grinding plate, a first rotating shaft is vertically arranged in the middle of the grinding rod, and the first rotating shaft is connected with an output shaft of a first motor; the grinding plate is provided with a material penetrating hole, and the pushing component is arranged below the grinding plate.

Preferably, the grinding wheel is of a grinding wheel structure, and grinding particle bulges are uniformly distributed on the wheel wall of the grinding wheel.

Preferably, the disinfection subassembly includes antiseptic solution case, catheter and disinfection shower nozzle, the antiseptic solution case passes through the catheter connection the disinfection shower nozzle, be equipped with the liquid pump on the catheter, the disinfection shower nozzle is towards the pushing component of antiseptic solution chamber bottom.

Preferably, the disinfection assembly further comprises a branch pipe, a plurality of disinfection spray heads are arranged on the branch pipe, and the liquid guide pipe is connected with the disinfection spray heads through the branch pipe.

Preferably, the pushing assembly comprises a pushing roller which is transversely arranged, and one end of the pushing roller is connected with an output shaft of the second motor.

Preferably, an adsorption component is arranged right below the feeding port, and the adsorption component comprises a plurality of magnetic rods.

Preferably, the adsorption assembly further comprises a turntable, the plurality of magnetic rods are arranged on the turntable, and the turntable is connected with the second rotating shaft; the grinding assembly comprises a first rotating shaft which is vertically arranged, the first rotating shaft is connected with an output shaft of a first motor, and the second rotating shaft is connected with the first rotating shaft through a transmission assembly.

Preferably, the turntable is vertically arranged, the second rotating shaft is connected with the center of the turntable, the transmission assembly comprises a driving gear sleeved on the first rotating shaft and a driven gear sleeved on the second rotating shaft, and the driving gear and the driven gear are two bevel gears meshed with each other.

Preferably, a top cover is arranged at the top of the feed inlet.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the device grinds medical waste through the grinding component of grinding chamber, and rethread pushing component collects from the discharge gate after disinfecting the chamber disinfection of will grinding, can make medical waste once only accomplish grinding and disinfection treatment, has work efficiency height, advantage that the treatment effect is good.

2. The grinding wheel of the grinding assembly can be contacted with the surface of the grinding plate, and grind and crush the medical waste to reduce the volume of the medical waste, so that the grinding assembly has the advantages of full and uniform grinding.

3. The medical waste after grinding can be pushed to the discharge port under the pushing of the pushing roller, and the pushing roller can further crush and grind the medical waste while pushing the material, so that the treatment effect is improved.

4. The medical waste can be disinfected while moving towards the discharge port through the disinfection spray nozzle, so that the harm of the waste is reduced.

5. When medical waste falls from the feed inlet, the magnetic rod can adsorb the mixed iron metal impurities in the medical waste, so that the iron metal impurities can be prevented from damaging the grinding mechanism, the waste incineration efficiency can be improved, and the energy can be saved.

6. Bacteria and viruses carried by medical waste during treatment and toxic gases volatilized by the disinfectant can be prevented from diffusing into the atmosphere through the top cover.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in the embodiment.

Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. the device comprises a shell, 2, a feed inlet, 3, a top cover, 4, a handle, 5, a first motor, 6, a first rotating shaft, 7, a driving gear, 8, a driven gear, 9, a second rotating shaft, 10, a fixed plate, 11, a limiting tube, 12, a rotary table, 13, a magnetic rod, 14, a grinding rod, 15, a grinding wheel, 16, a limiting block, 17, a grinding plate, 18, a partition plate, 19, a disinfection cavity, 20, a liquid pump, 21, a disinfection liquid tank, 22, a liquid guide tube, 23, a branch tube, 24, a disinfection spray head, 25, a material penetrating hole, 26, a base, 27, a second motor, 28, a pushing roller, 29, a discharge hole, 30, a recovery frame, 31 and a grinding cavity.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, a medical waste pretreatment device comprises a shell 1, wherein a feed inlet 2 and a discharge outlet 29 are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the shell 1. The top of feed inlet 2 is equipped with top cap 3, and the top fixedly connected with handle 4 of top cap 3. A base 26 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The inlet 2 and the outlet 29 are provided at both ends of a diagonal line of the housing 1.

The grinding chamber 31 and the disinfection chamber 19 which are separated by the baffle 18 are arranged in the shell 1, and the baffle 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the shell 1. The grinding chamber 31 and the sterilizing chamber 19 are provided with a grinding assembly and a sterilizing assembly, respectively. The bottom of grinding chamber 31 and disinfection chamber 19 passes through pushing away the material subassembly intercommunication, and the top of grinding chamber 31 communicates with the bottom of feed inlet 2, and the bottom of disinfection chamber 19 communicates with discharge gate 29. The pushing assembly conveys the waste ground in the grinding chamber 31 through the disinfection chamber 19 to the discharge port 29.

The grinding assembly comprises a transversely disposed grinding plate 17 and a grinding rod 14. The pole body swing joint of grinding pole 14 has a plurality of grinding wheel 15, and the both sides of every grinding wheel 15 all are provided with stopper 16, and stopper 16 fixed connection can prevent through stopper 16 that grinding wheel 15 from rocking about grinding pole 14's pole body. The grinding wheel 15 is arranged on the upper surface of the grinding plate 17, a plurality of material penetrating holes 25 are arranged on the grinding plate 17, and the pushing component is arranged below the grinding plate 17. The middle of the grinding rod 14 is vertically provided with a first rotating shaft 6, the first rotating shaft 6 is connected with an output shaft of the first motor 5, the first motor 5 is arranged at the top of the shell 1, and the first rotating shaft 6 penetrates through the outer wall of the top of the shell 1 and extends to the inner cavity of the shell 1. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel 15 is of a grinding wheel structure, and grinding particles are uniformly distributed on the wheel wall of the grinding wheel 15 to increase the extrusion force of the grinding wheel 15 on the medical waste, so that the grinding is more complete, uniform and thorough, and the grinding efficiency is improved.

The disinfection subassembly includes antiseptic solution case 21, catheter 22 and disinfection shower nozzle 24, stores the antiseptic solution in the antiseptic solution case 21, and antiseptic solution case 21 passes through catheter 22 and connects disinfection shower nozzle 24, and the pushing components of disinfection shower nozzle 24 towards antiseptic solution chamber bottom. The liquid pump 20 is arranged on the liquid guide tube 22, in the embodiment, the disinfectant tank 21 and the liquid pump 20 are both arranged on the outer wall of the top of the shell 1, the liquid guide tube 22 is connected with the disinfectant tank 21 and extends into the disinfection cavity 19 through the outer wall of the top of the shell 1, the tail end of the liquid guide tube 22 is fixedly connected with a branch pipe 23, and a plurality of disinfection spray heads 24 are arranged on the bottom pipe wall of the branch pipe 23. The bottom end of the disinfection spray head 24 is arc-shaped, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the arc-shaped end face of the disinfection spray head 24, so that the spraying range of disinfectant can be enlarged, the disinfection effect of the disinfection spray head 24 is enhanced, and the disinfection efficiency is improved.

The pushing assembly comprises a pushing roller 28 which is transversely arranged, and one end of the pushing roller 28 is connected with an output shaft of the second motor 27. The second motor 27 is provided on the bottom end side wall of the housing 1. The pushing roller 28 is located below the grinding plate 17 and the disinfection spray nozzle 24, and the surface of the pushing roller 28 is in a spiral protruding structure, so that when the pushing roller 28 rotates, medical waste can be pushed to move, and meanwhile, the medical waste can be ground and smashed.

An adsorption component is arranged right below the feed inlet 2, a fixed plate 10 is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the shell 1 near the feed inlet 2, and the adsorption component is blocked right below the feed inlet 2 by connecting the fixed plate 10. The adsorption assembly comprises a plurality of magnetic rods 13 and a turntable 12, wherein the magnetic rods 13 are transversely arranged on the turntable 12. The carousel 12 sets up vertically, and the center of carousel 12 is connected with second pivot 9. The fixed plate 10 is fixedly connected with a limiting pipe 11, the second rotating shaft 9 penetrates through the fixed plate 10 and penetrates through the limiting pipe 11, and the limiting pipe 11 can prevent the second rotating shaft 9 from shaking when driving the turntable 12 to rotate. The second rotating shaft 9 is connected with the first rotating shaft 6 through a transmission assembly.

The transmission assembly comprises a driving gear 7 sleeved on the first rotating shaft 6 and a driven gear 8 sleeved on the second rotating shaft 9, and the driving gear 7 is in transmission connection with the driven gear 8. In this embodiment, the driving gear 7 and the driven gear 8 are both in a conical gear structure, and a plurality of triangle gear teeth are distributed on the wall of the driving gear 7 and the driven gear 8 are in external engagement transmission through the gear teeth.

The device is provided with a recovery frame 30 at the outlet of the discharge port 29.

The working principle of the device is as follows:

when the device is used, after the top cover 3 is opened by holding the handle 4, medical waste to be treated is led into the shell 1 from the feed inlet 2, and then the top cover 3 is closed, so that bacteria and viruses carried by the medical waste and toxic gases volatilized by the disinfectant are prevented from diffusing into the atmosphere during treatment.

Then drive first motor 5 makes it drive first pivot 6 rotation, first pivot 6 drives driven gear 8 through driving gear 7 and rotates, then drive second pivot 9 through driven gear 8 and follow the rotation together with carousel 12, fixedly connected with a plurality of magnetic rod 13 on the carousel 12, when medical waste falls from feed inlet 2, can adsorb the ferrous metal debris that mixes in the medical waste through magnetic rod 13, on the one hand can prevent ferrous metal debris damage grinding mechanism, on the other hand also can improve waste incineration's efficiency, the energy saving. The first rotating shaft 6 rotates and drives the grinding rod 14 to rotate, and when the medical waste falls onto the grinding plate 17, the grinding wheel 15 of the rod body of the grinding rod 14 contacts with the surface of the grinding plate 17 and grinds and pulverizes the medical waste to reduce the volume of the medical waste.

The ground medical waste falls through the material penetrating holes 25 on the grinding plate 17, at this time, the second motor 27 drives the pushing roller 28 to rotate, the ground medical waste can be pushed to the discharge hole 29 under the pushing of the pushing roller 28, and the pushing roller 28 can further crush and grind the waste while pushing the material. The drive liquid pump 20 introduces the sterilizing liquid stored in the sterilizing liquid tank 21 to the branch pipe 23 through the liquid guide pipe 22 and ejects the sterilizing liquid through the sterilizing nozzle 24, so that the medical waste can be sterilized while moving toward the discharge port 29.

The medical waste after the disinfection treatment is guided out along the discharge hole 29 and falls into the recovery frame 30, thereby completing the pretreatment work of the medical waste so as to uniformly burn the medical waste later.

Claims

1. A medical waste pretreatment device, including a housing, with a feed port and a discharge port respectively provided at the top and bottom of the housing. It is characterized in that the housing is provided with separated grinding chambers and disinfection chambers. cavity, the grinding cavity and the sterilization cavity are respectively provided with a grinding assembly and a sterilization assembly; the bottoms of the grinding cavity and the sterilization cavity are connected through a pushing assembly, and the top of the grinding cavity is connected with the bottom of the feed port, The bottom of the sterilization chamber is connected to the discharge port; the push assembly transports the garbage ground in the grinding chamber to the discharge port through the sterilization chamber;

The grinding assembly includes a horizontally arranged grinding plate and a grinding rod; the grinding rod is provided with several grinding wheels, the grinding wheels are arranged on the upper surface of the grinding plate, and the grinding rod is vertically arranged in the middle. There is a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the first motor; the grinding plate is provided with a through hole, and the pushing assembly is provided below the grinding plate;

The grinding wheel has a grinding wheel structure, and the grinding particle protrusions are evenly distributed on the wheel wall of the grinding wheel;

An adsorption assembly is provided directly below the feed inlet, and the adsorption assembly includes a plurality of magnetic rods;

The adsorption assembly also includes a turntable, the plurality of magnetic rods are provided on the turntable, and the turntable is connected to a second rotating shaft; the grinding assembly includes a first rotating shaft arranged vertically, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft. The output shaft of the motor is connected, and the second rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft through a transmission assembly;

The turntable is arranged vertically, the second rotating shaft is connected to the center of the turntable, and the transmission assembly includes a driving gear sleeved on the first rotating shaft and a driven gear sleeved on the second rotating shaft, so The driving gear and the driven gear are two meshing bevel gears.

2. A medical waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the disinfection component includes a disinfectant tank, a conduit and a disinfection nozzle, and the disinfectant tank is connected to the disinfection nozzle through a conduit. A nozzle, a liquid pump is provided on the liquid conduit, and the disinfection nozzle faces the pushing assembly at the bottom of the disinfection liquid chamber.

3. A medical waste pretreatment device according to claim 2, wherein the disinfection component further includes a branch pipe, a plurality of disinfection nozzles are provided on the branch pipe, and the catheter tube passes through the branch pipe. Connect the disinfection nozzle.

4. A medical waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pushing assembly includes a pushing roller arranged transversely, and one end of the pushing roller is connected to the output shaft of the second motor.

5. A medical waste pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that a top cover is provided on the top of the feed port.