CN109024621A - The compound retaining wall supporting construction of embankment high slope tubular pole and its construction method - Google Patents
The compound retaining wall supporting construction of embankment high slope tubular pole and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109024621A CN109024621A CN201810735414.7A CN201810735414A CN109024621A CN 109024621 A CN109024621 A CN 109024621A CN 201810735414 A CN201810735414 A CN 201810735414A CN 109024621 A CN109024621 A CN 109024621A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
- E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
- E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compound retaining wall supporting construction of embankment high slope tubular pole and construction method, massif is divided into fixed section and supporting and retaining system section by embankment high slope, and supporting and retaining system section includes the first and second supporting and retaining system sections, and combined anti-slide construct includes soil blocking pile component and retaining wall；Soil blocking pile component includes bent cap, cement slurry and multiple steel pipes, first supporting and retaining system section offers multiple mounting holes, each steel pipe is vertically arranged in corresponding mounting hole, offer the multiple injected holes gushed out for cement slurry on the side wall of steel pipe lower part, cement slurry includes the reinforced material in the inner cavity for be filled in steel pipe in filler material and the soil body gushed out to around mounting hole by injected hole；The top of multiple steel pipes is fixedly connected by bent cap；Retaining wall includes earth-retaining foundation of wall and the wall that is connected on earth-retaining foundation of wall, and wall is connected between the Embankment in Mountainous high slope and bent cap.The combined anti-slide construct can effectively increase Embankment in Mountainous Stability for High Slope and project cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high slope protection, in particular to a pile composite retaining wall supporting structure for a high slope of an embankment and a construction method thereof.
Background
In the construction of airport roads, highways or railways in mountainous areas, due to the limitation of route selection, certain mountain high slopes with short lengths are often encountered and are not easy to cross, and at the moment, the adoption of high fill embankments to solve the high slopes with short lengths is a processing measure which is economic and suitable for the environment. For a high-fill embankment in a mountainous area with a fill height of more than 20 meters, the compaction quality is difficult to ensure due to the large filling area and the large volume of earth and stone; the high fill foundation has large settlement due to the heavy self weight of the filling body, the filling performance is complex, the filling body has a settlement time effect phenomenon, and the high slope of the mountain area at the position is the slope of the mountain, the original ground of the foundation of the high fill embankment is the slope of the mountain, so the high slope of the embankment and the whole high fill embankment have enough integral strength and stability, and the high requirement on the soil body strength at the slope foot of the high slope of the embankment is met, and usually, an anti-skid retaining wall is arranged at the position of the slope foot to improve the stability of the high slope.
Currently, a commonly used retaining wall for a high slope retaining structure has grouted rubble retaining walls and rubble concrete retaining walls. The mortar rubble is a masonry structure built by mortar and rubble materials; the stone concrete is formed by adding a certain amount of stones into concrete. The grout rubble barricade has the advantages of low cost and good water permeability, but the bearing capacity is lower and easy to deform, and if the grout rubble barricade is used as a support of a high slope of a mountain embankment, the grout rubble barricade is not enough to bear the active soil pressure of the embankment. The sheet stone concrete retaining wall is stable and has a certain bearing capacity, the water permeability of the retaining wall is solved by additionally arranging the seepage guiding and filtering pipes, and because a plurality of potential slip surfaces exist in the high embankment in the mountainous area and are used as a supporting and retaining structure of the high side slope of the embankment in the mountainous area, the sheet stone concrete retaining wall toe is embedded deeply for resisting the slip surfaces of the embankment, the sheet stone concrete retaining wall is large in size and high in construction cost, but the strength of soil at the toe part of the slope cannot be improved, and the risk of the whole embankment slipping exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure which can effectively increase the stability of a high slope of a mountain embankment and has low construction cost and a construction method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a kind of embankment high slope tubular pile compound retaining wall supporting construction, is used for carrying on the anti-skidding fender to the embankment high slope on the mountain, the mountain is divided into high slope fixed section and high slope fender section from high to low, the said embankment high slope is put on the fixed section of high slope, the said high slope fender section is divided into first fender section and second fender section from low to high, the said combined anti-skidding construction includes retaining pile assembly and retaining wall; wherein,
the retaining pile component comprises a cover beam, cement slurry and a plurality of steel pipes laid in a first retaining section, the first retaining section is provided with a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to the steel pipes one by one, each steel pipe is vertically arranged in the corresponding mounting hole, the upper parts of the steel pipes are exposed out of the mounting holes, the side wall of the lower part of each steel pipe is provided with a plurality of grouting holes for the cement slurry to flow out, the cement slurry comprises filler filled in the inner cavity of each steel pipe and reinforcing material which flows out to soil around the mounting holes through the grouting holes, and the cement slurry enables the steel pipes, the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section to form a rigid anti-sliding body; the upper parts of the steel pipes are fixedly connected through the cover beam;
the retaining wall includes retaining wall basis and connects the wall body on retaining wall basis, retaining wall basis is arranged in the soil body of second fender section, the wall body stretch out the soil body and respectively with embankment high slope and bent cap butt, the wall body is located between embankment high slope and the bent cap.
The principle of the combined anti-skid structure system for realizing the increase of the stability of the high slope of the embankment in the mountainous area is as follows: the soil body in a certain range below the slope toe of the high slope is subjected to cement slurry grouting through the multiple rows of micro steel pipes, the cement slurry is diffused into the soil body around the mounting hole through the grouting holes in the lower part of the micro steel pipes and converges with the cement slurry diffused out of the grouting holes of the adjacent micro steel pipes, and the cement slurry replaces and wraps soil body particles and forms a soil body framework through slurry veins in a diffusion mode of permeation, compaction, splitting and filling, so that the mechanical property of the soil body is improved, and the integrity of the soil body is improved; after the post grouting is finished, cement slurry is filled in the multiple rows of miniature steel pipes to form miniature steel pipe piles filled with the slurry, the miniature steel pipe piles and a grouting soil body form a rigid anti-slip body to bear force and deform cooperatively, the bearing capacity and the shear strength of mountain foundation soil below slope footrests are improved, a cover beam is arranged at the top of each miniature steel pipe pile, on one hand, the integrity of the multiple rows of miniature steel pipe piles is improved, on the other hand, a retaining wall is arranged between a high slope of the embankment and the cover beam to support and block the high slope of the embankment, the retaining wall is supported by the cover beam and the rigid anti-slip body formed by the miniature steel pipe piles below the cover beam, the anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall is improved, and the stability of the high slope of the embankment.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
one side of the retaining wall foundation facing the cover beam is provided with a wall toe, the cover beam faces the bottom surface of one end of the retaining wall and is fixed to the upper surface of the wall toe, and the cover beam faces the side surface of one end of the retaining wall and is fixed to one side surface of the wall body.
The retaining wall is of an integrally formed structure, and the retaining wall is made of stone slab concrete.
The outer diameter of the steel pipe is 108 mm-127 mm, and the wall thickness is 5 mm-7 mm. The steel pipe belongs to a miniature steel pipe in the field of construction, and the retaining pile formed by the steel pipe is actually a grouting body composite miniature steel pipe pile.
The plurality of grouting holes are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance between the lowest row of grouting holes and the bottom end of the steel pipe is not more than 300mm, the distance between the highest row of grouting holes and the lowest row of grouting holes is 2-3 m, the aperture of each grouting hole is 10mm, and the distance between the upper row of grouting holes and the lower row of grouting holes is 25-40 mm.
The plurality of mounting holes are arranged in M rows and N columns, the M rows of mounting holes are arranged along the length direction of the first retaining section, and the N columns of mounting holes are arranged along the width direction of the first retaining section; the distance between two adjacent mounting holes is 300-500 mm, and the distance between the first row of mounting holes and the last row of mounting holes is 1.5-2.5 m.
The combined anti-skid structure further comprises a replacing and filling layer arranged on the high slope fixing section, wherein the high slope fixing section is provided with a plurality of steps, and the replacing and filling layer comprises a gravel layer laid on each step and a sand layer laid on the gravel layer. The lapped steps are excavated on the original slope surface, and the steps are in a sawtooth shape, so that the bearing capacity of the embankment base and the snap-in force of the embankment filling body and the original slope surface can be improved, and the risk of the embankment filling body slipping along the whole mountain slope surface is reduced.
As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a construction method of the composite retaining wall supporting structure of the embankment high slope pipe pile, including the following steps:
s1: drilling a plurality of mounting holes on the first retaining section, vertically placing a plurality of steel pipes in the corresponding mounting holes, injecting cement slurry into the inner cavity of the steel pipes, and enabling a part of the cement slurry to gush out from the grouting holes to the soil around the mounting holes, so that the steel pipes, the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section form a rigid anti-slip body;
s2: digging a pit on the second retaining section, pouring concrete in the pit to form a retaining wall foundation, and continuously pouring concrete on the retaining wall foundation to form a wall body; and pouring concrete above the first retaining section to form the cover beam.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
in the step S1, cement slurry is injected into the inner cavity of the steel pipe at a set injection pressure, so that a part of the cement slurry is diffused into the soil around the installation hole through the injection hole, and converges with the cement slurry diffused from the injection hole of the adjacent steel pipe, so that the steel pipes, the cement slurry and the soil of the first block section form a rigid anti-slip body.
The water cement ratio of the cement slurry is 0.5-0.75, and the set grouting pressure is 0.5-2.0 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
practices show that compared with the traditional integral type sheet stone concrete retaining wall, the combined anti-skid structure system can be used for effectively retaining high embankments on steep slopes of mountains, the overall stability of high side slopes of embankments in mountainous areas and embankment filling bodies is improved, in addition, soil body grouting and micro steel pipe piles are utilized, soil bodies in the grouting reinforcement range are connected with micro piles to form a retaining wall structure, the excavation work of slope toe retaining wall construction is reduced, the amount of sheet stone concrete is greatly reduced, and therefore the engineering cost of the retaining structure is reduced.
In addition, the practical experience of the applicant shows that compared with the traditional structure that the anti-slide pile is driven at the slope toe of the high slope, the invention arranges the grouting body composite miniature steel pipe pile in the mountain foundation soil in a certain range below the slope toe of the high slope, can more effectively improve the whole shearing resistance and the bearing capacity of the ground undisturbed soil at the slope toe, thereby effectively preventing the risk that the road bank landslide body slides out along the undisturbed soil at the slope toe by shearing. And the grouting body is compounded with the miniature steel pipe piles to form a composite supporting structure with the retaining wall, and finally the overall stability of the high side slope of the embankment is effectively improved. The anti-slide pile has the function of balancing the thrust of the slide body by using the resistance (anchoring force) of a stable stratum below the sliding surface of the anti-slide pile to the pile so as to increase the stability of the anti-slide pile; practice shows that under the action of the same sliding force, the rigid anti-sliding body formed by the grouting soil body and the miniature steel pipe pile is arranged in the mountain foundation soil in a certain range below the slope toe of the high slope, and the overall shearing resistance and pulling resistance of the rigid anti-sliding body are superior to those of the traditional structure in which the anti-sliding pile is driven at the slope toe of the high slope. The retaining performance formed by the rigid anti-sliding composite retaining wall has good retaining effect and reduces the construction cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of a composite retaining wall supporting structure of a embankment high slope pipe pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the retaining pile assembly and the retaining wall in the embankment high slope pipe pile composite retaining wall supporting structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating installation of a single steel pipe in the embankment high slope pipe pile composite retaining wall supporting structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a monitoring point arrangement diagram for monitoring a high fill embankment slope body in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the horizontal displacement of the most dangerous monitoring point of the slope body in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the settlement displacement of the most dangerous monitoring point of the slope body in example 1 of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings: 1. a high slope fixing section; 2. a high slope retaining section; 21. a first backup section; 211. mounting holes; 22. a second branch and block section; 3. a retaining wall; 31. a retaining wall foundation; 32. a wall body; 4. a steel pipe; 41. grouting holes; 5. a capping beam; 6. replacing the filling layer; 61. a crushed stone layer; 62. and (5) a sand layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure of this embodiment is used for performing anti-skid retaining on an embankment high slope 7 on a mountain, the mountain is divided into a high slope fixing section 1 and a high slope retaining section 2 from high to low, the embankment high slope 7 is placed on the high slope fixing section 1, the high slope retaining section 2 is divided into a first retaining section 21 and a second retaining section 22 from low to high, and the combined anti-skid structure includes a retaining pile assembly and a retaining wall 3; wherein,
the retaining pile component comprises a cover beam 5, cement slurry and a plurality of steel pipes 4 laid in a first retaining section 21, the first retaining section 21 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 211 corresponding to the steel pipes 4 one by one, each steel pipe 4 is vertically arranged in the corresponding mounting hole 211, the upper parts of the steel pipes 4 are exposed out of the mounting holes 211, the side wall of the lower part of each steel pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 41 for the cement slurry to flow out, the cement slurry comprises filler filled in the inner cavity of each steel pipe 4 and reinforcing material which flows out to soil around the mounting holes 211 through the grouting holes 41, and the cement slurry enables the steel pipes 4, the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section 21 to form a rigid anti-sliding body; the upper parts of the steel pipes 4 are fixedly connected through the cover beam 5;
retaining wall 3 is integrated into one piece's rubble concrete structure, including retaining wall basis 31 with connect the wall 32 on retaining wall basis 31, during retaining wall basis 31 was arranged in the soil body of second retaining section 22, wall 32 stretched out the soil body and respectively with embankment high slope 7 and bent cap 5 butt, wall 32 was located between embankment high slope 7 and bent cap 5.
In this embodiment, a toe 311 is provided on the side of the retaining wall foundation 31 facing the cover beam 5, the bottom surface of the end of the cover beam 5 facing the retaining wall 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the toe 311, and the side of the end of the cover beam 5 facing the retaining wall 3 is fixed to the side of the wall 32.
Wherein:
the outer diameter of the steel pipe 4 is 108mm to 127mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm to 7 mm.
The plurality of grouting holes 41 are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance between the grouting hole 41 in the lowest row and the bottom end of the steel pipe 4 is not more than 300mm, the distance between the grouting hole 41 in the highest row and the grouting hole 41 in the lowest row is 2-3 m, the aperture of the grouting hole 41 is 10mm, and the distance between the grouting holes 41 in the upper and lower adjacent rows is 25-40 mm.
The plurality of mounting holes 211 are arranged in M rows and N columns, the M rows of mounting holes 211 being arranged along the length direction of the first block section 21 (i.e., along the running direction of the road, which is a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in the figure), and the N columns of mounting holes 211 being arranged along the width direction of the first block section 21 (i.e., along the width direction of the road, which is an arrow a direction in the figure); the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 211 is 300 mm-500 mm, and the distance between the first row of mounting holes 211 and the last row of mounting holes 211 is 1.5 m-2.5 m.
In this embodiment, the combined anti-skid structure further includes a filling layer 6 disposed on the high slope fixing section 1, the high slope fixing section 1 is provided with a plurality of steps, and the filling layer 6 includes a gravel layer 61 disposed on each step and a sand layer 62 disposed on the gravel layer 61.
The construction method of the composite retaining wall supporting structure of the embankment high slope tubular pile comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a plurality of mounting holes 211 on the first retaining section 21, vertically placing a plurality of steel pipes 4 in the corresponding mounting holes 211, injecting cement slurry into the inner cavity of the steel pipe 4 at a set grouting pressure, so that a part of the cement slurry is diffused into the soil around the mounting holes 211 through the grouting holes 41, and is converged with the cement slurry diffused from the grouting holes 41 of the adjacent steel pipe 4, so that the plurality of steel pipes 4, the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section 21 form a rigid anti-slip body.
S2: digging a pit on the second retaining section 22, pouring concrete in the pit to form a retaining wall foundation 31, and continuing to pour concrete on the retaining wall foundation 31 to form a wall body 32; concrete is poured over the first retaining section 21 to form the capping beam 5.
The concrete construction process is as follows:
s1: construction of rigid anti-skid body
S1.1: steel pipe manufacturing and welding
Selecting a seamless miniature steel pipe with the diameter of 108-127 mm and the wall thickness of 5-7 mm;
the length of the steel pipe is generally 6m, when a grouting reinforcement soil layer is deep, the steel pipe needs to be connected and lengthened by welding or screw threads, and the welding quality of the steel pipe meets the quality requirement of a welding seam I level; when welding is adopted, the welding seam is full, the verticality of the steel pipe is checked, test welding is carried out before welding, and the tip part of the steel pipe is welded into a semi-closed pointed shape;
in order to ensure the thickness of soil body slurry reinforcement, quincunx arranged small grouting holes are formed in the lower portion of the steel pipe, the opening range of the small grouting holes of the steel pipe is 2-3 m, the distance between the small grouting holes at the bottom end and the end portion of the steel pipe is not more than 300mm, the hole diameter of the small grouting holes is 10mm, the longitudinal hole distance is 25-40 mm, and the number of the transverse openings is 3-4 in a row, as shown in figure 3.
S1.2: measuring, positioning and drilling of mounting hole
S1.2.1, measuring and setting out according to the space, the row spacing and the elevation provided by design requirements, driving chopsticks or small-sized timber piles into the ground according to the designed hole diameter, space and row spacing to position holes, wherein the hole position error is not more than +/-20 mm;
s1.2.2, drilling construction is carried out by adopting a slurry wall protection and hole forming process of a geological drilling machine, a small combined roller drill is arranged on the geological drilling machine to crush clay, sand and pebble stratums, high-quality slurry is adopted to carry out wall protection in the drilling process, a combined positive and negative circulation system is utilized to take crushed small-particle sand and pebbles out of the hole bottom, and the stability of the hole wall is effectively maintained.
In the drilling process, the performance index of the wall protection slurry meets the requirement of the table 1; in the drilling process, when a clay layer is drilled, the slurry becomes thick, the viscosity and the shearing force are increased, and the conditions of sticking and wrapping a drill bit with the slurry are increased; when a sand layer is drilled, a large amount of sand can be mixed into the slurry, so that the sand content is increased, the mud skin is loosened, the water loss amount and the specific gravity are increased, the wall protection performance is reduced, the water pump abrasion is accelerated, and in case of serious conditions, accidents in holes can be caused due to the collapse of the mud skin; when meeting a pressure-bearing water layer, underground water can invade a large amount of holes to dilute mud, destroy performance and the like. At this time, the performance of the slurry should be adjusted in time, otherwise it is difficult to maintain normal drilling.
TABLE 1 Performance index of the wall-protecting slurry
The hole distribution width is generally 1.5 m-2.5 m, the hole distribution interval of the steel pipe pile is determined according to the slurry diffusion radius, and the hole distribution interval is generally 300 mm-500 mm for the cohesive soil foundation.
In order to reduce the influence on soil body vibration and adjacent hole interference in the construction process of drilling and lowering the steel pipe, hole jumping construction is required during drilling, uniform-speed drilling is required in the hole drilling process, the drilling speed is strictly controlled, the perpendicularity of the drilled hole is ensured, and the difficulty in drilling the steel pipe is avoided.
And drilling according to the calibrated hole position, the designed hole angle and the designed hole depth strictly in the drilling operation process, and making related records.
S1.3: pouring of steel pipe pile
S1.3.1: after the drilling depth of the mounting hole reaches the designed elevation, cleaning the pile hole after the hole depth and the hole diameter meet the design requirements, completely discharging slurry in the hole, and ensuring that the sediment thickness at the bottom of the hole after cleaning the hole is not more than 50 mm; the performance index of the slurry after hole cleaning is controlled to be the following requirement: the relative density of the slurry is 1.03-1.10, the viscosity is 17-20, the sand content is less than 2%, and the colloid content is more than 98%; in the process of cleaning and deslagging, attention must be paid to maintain a water head in the hole to prevent the hole from collapsing.
And after hole cleaning is finished, a prefabricated steel pipe is timely installed in the hole, and the length of the steel pipe is controlled by extending 300mm into the bent cap.
S1.3.2: grouting is carried out at the position of a pipe opening by adopting a grouting plug, common portland cement (P.O.42.5) and water are used as main pulping materials, the strength of cement paste is M30, and the water-cement ratio is 1-0.5: 1.
The plug performance parameters are shown in table 2. Before grouting, connecting all pipeline systems, tightening all screw threads, connecting an air source (or a hydraulic pump), placing a grouting plug in a steel pipe for pressure test, checking whether a joint is leaked, and placing the joint into a hole for later use.
Opening the gas cylinder pressure reducing valve or the hydraulic pump to make the grouting plug expand slowly, and grouting after the inflation pressure is greater than 2/3 of the grouting pressure and the preset pressure is reached.
TABLE 2 technical parameters of the grouting plug
| Hole sealing diameter | 30-120mm |
| Operating pressure | 1-8MPa |
| Starting pressure of safety valve | 0.4-0.5MPa |
| Working flow | 4-4.5 tons of water can be injected per hour |
| Depth of hole sealing | 1-800m |
Aiming at different soil quality categories, the normal operation of a grouting pump is ensured by the work of a test pump before grouting, a grouting test is carried out, and grouting parameters such as grouting pressure, grouting amount, slurry gelling time, water-cement ratio and the like are determined so as to guide the following grouting operation. The soil grouting parameters can be referred to in table 3.
TABLE 3 soil grouting parameter table
Before grouting, all pipeline systems are checked to ensure that all screw threads are fastened, and whether joints of the grout conveying pipe and the grouting plug are fastened or not and air leakage is checked.
Grouting is carried out according to the sequence of 'grouting from a shallow hole to a deep hole and from a peripheral hole to an inner hole' so as to cut off a supply route of underground water; and if the underground water level is below 2m of the reinforced substrate, grouting should be performed according to the sequence of 'grouting from deep holes to shallow holes' so as to ensure the grouting solidification quality, and the grouting speed is preferably controlled to be 30-40L/min.
Before the grouting is started or when the grouting is stopped for more than 10 minutes, water or dilute cement slurry is applied to lubricate the grouting machine and a pipeline thereof; and drilling the grouting holes by jumping holes, and jumping and grouting at intervals, namely, grouting first in an outer row and then in an inner row, and finally grouting in a middle row during grouting so as to avoid adjacent holes from stringing with grout.
The slurry is strictly measured according to the mixing proportion and is uniformly stirred, the slurry is used along with the mixing, the slurry mixed at one time is used up before initial setting, and stones and impurities are strictly prevented from being mixed in. In the grouting process, the concentration of the slurry needs to be controlled to change correspondingly according to different soil properties. In the mucky soil, controlling the concentration of the slurry from thick to thin; and in other soil bodies, controlling the concentration of the slurry from thin to thick.
And the grouting end standard is controlled according to the grouting pressure and the grouting amount. Constant pressure grouting is generally adopted. And when the grouting pressure gradually rises to reach the design final pressure, and grouting is continued for 5-10 min, and the hole grouting can be finished. When grouting is finished, the valve of the grout outlet pipe is opened, then the valve of the grout inlet pipe is closed, and the grouting pipe is flushed clean by clear water and then can be stopped.
S2: retaining wall and steel pipe pile capping beam construction
S2.1: the retaining wall is arranged in a mountain body below a toe and is cast by C20 pieces of stone concrete, the retaining wall is provided with expansion joints every 10m along the direction of the wall body and the height of the wall, the width of the expansion joints is 2cm, and the retaining wall is filled with asphalt reinforcement bars along the inner and outer edges of the wall top and is filled with the depth of 20 cm.
The retaining wall foundation is to be located on the stable bearing layer, the bearing capacity is to be larger than 200kPa, and if the foundation does not meet the bearing capacity requirement, a cushion layer is to be arranged to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation.
And (3) formulating a pouring process, determining an interval pouring sequence of the segmented blocks of the structure (reducing post-pouring belts or connecting joints as much as possible), and researching and determining necessary temperature and crack prevention measures according to the size of the section of the structure.
The wall body is arranged on the part above the ground, and drainage holes are arranged at intervals of 2.5 meters. The position of the water drainage hole is strictly controlled to ensure that the water drainage hole is accurate in position and horizontal and vertical. The phi 10cm PVC pipe embedded in the hole extends into the wall back by 10cm, and the part 20cm away from the end is wrapped by geotextile. The lower part of the bottommost drainage water hole and the range of 0.5m below the top of the wall are internally provided with clay tamp-proof layers. Meanwhile, the water flowing gradient of 10% of the water drainage hole is strictly controlled in the construction process, and the water drainage of the water drainage hole is ensured to be smooth.
When the wall foundation is built on different rock stratums, settlement joints are required to be arranged at the changed positions, and the requirements of design and construction technical specifications must be met in the construction process.
S2.2: and arranging a reinforced concrete capping beam with the thickness of 0.4m on the miniature steel pipe pile, wherein the strength of concrete is not less than C30, and connecting the miniature steel pipe pile into a whole. Because the bent cap setting has improved the ability of antidumping, anti sliding of retaining wall on the wall toe of retaining wall to the stability of high embankment has been improved.
S3: slope surface treatment and replacement
S3.1: when the natural gradient of the ground is steeper than 1:5, excavating steps with the width not less than 2m on the original ground, making the tops of the steps into 2% -4% inward-inclined slopes, when the coverage on the bed rock slopes is thin, excavating (chiseling) the steps after removing the steps, and compacting by using machinery after excavating, wherein the compaction degree is not less than 93%, so that the stability of the embankment is improved. And (3) excavating all covering soil layers below the hillside with medium density at the filling and excavating connection part, excavating steps, and well designing drainage.
For the semi-filling and semi-digging subgrade in a steep section, steps which are inclined inwards are dug downwards at the slope foot, the width of the steps is not less than 1m, and when the width of the digging side in the driving range is less than one lane width, one lane width is dug.
S3.2: in order to ensure the bearing capacity of the high embankment base, a gravel replacement filling layer is adopted, and the replacement filling height is not less than 1 m. When filling, construction is carried out according to a horizontal and longitudinal layering method, the filling loose paving thickness is not more than 30cm, the maximum particle size of the broken stone is not more than 50mm, and a vibratory roller is adopted for compaction. And (3) controlling the rolling speed in the compaction process, carrying out static pressure for 2 times, and then carrying out strong vibration for 8-10 times, wherein when the particle size of the filling material is too large, the filling material is crushed to meet the requirement of the particle size of the material.
Wherein step S3 may also be completed before step S1 or between step S1 and step S2; step S3 may also be performed in synchronization with step S1 or step S2.
The construction method adopts the post-grouting miniature pile-wall combined supporting structure to support and block the high slope of the embankment in the mountainous area, the structural system is suitable for a wide soil body category range, compared with the conventional massive flaky concrete retaining wall, the raw material cost is greatly saved, meanwhile, the soil body in a certain range of depth of the mountain body below the slope toe is subjected to grouting reinforcement, the strength of the soil body at the position is greatly improved, the reinforced soil body is combined with the miniature pipe pile to form a powerful supporting and blocking structure, and a combined anti-sliding structure is formed with the flaky concrete retaining wall, so that the risk that the embankment slides out from the slope toe is effectively prevented.
Meanwhile, the embankment filling body and the slope surface of the mountain are in full-stage step lap joint, the problem that the high embankment on the slope surface of the mountain area is integrally collapsed is effectively solved, and the quality benefit and the indirect economic benefit are very obvious.
The construction method has the advantages that the equipment is easy to enter and exit, large-scale mechanical equipment is prevented from entering and exiting, no special requirements are required for a construction site, the site construction conditions are easy to meet, meanwhile, post-grouting and micro-pile construction can be synchronously constructed with earthwork filling, and the process lapping time is reduced; the construction method has the advantages of few construction slurry, controllable construction raise dust, no environmental pollution, simple and convenient construction, short construction period, low manufacturing cost, less pollution and low energy consumption, meets the requirements of the construction of the two types of society, and has remarkable social benefit and environmental benefit.
Example (b):
taking the Chenzhou north lake airport road constructed by the applicant as an example, the road engineering project of the Chenzhou north lake airport road is located in the tower water county of the Chenzhou north lake area and the east district of the Chenzhou road, and the total length of the road engineering project is about 2100 m. K0+780-K2+098 is a high fill section, the highest height of piles in the filling side slope reaches 24m, and the highest filling height of side piles reaches 35 m. Because the original surface of the filling area is north-high and south-low, the tree forest with higher topography is arranged outside the north retaining wall, so that the foundation stability of the north retaining wall can be basically ensured; the south side topography is low, the possibility of shearing out from the bottom of the retaining wall exists in the foundation soil of the high fill area under the roadbed load, and the foundation stability of the retaining wall needs to be ensured by adopting necessary engineering measures.
Aiming at the high fill embankment and the engineering characteristics of the engineering, the shear strength of the high slope foundation soil is improved by adopting the miniature steel pipe piles, and the pile top of the miniature steel pipe piles is provided with the capping beam to improve the integrity of the row piles. The diameter of the opening of the miniature steel pipe pile is 130mm, and a phi 108 steel floral tube is arranged in the miniature steel pipe pile; the bent cap is established at miniature steel-pipe pile top, and cross sectional dimension 1600mm 600mm, bent cap concrete intensity are C30, and the steel pipe stretches into bent cap 0.4M, and the potting material adopts M30 cement mortar, and cement adopts P.O42.5, and the water cement ratio is not less than 1: 0.5. three rows of miniature steel pipe piles are arranged on the outer side of the retaining wall, the pile length is 8-14 m, the spacing is 0.5m, and the row spacing is 0.5 m. The retaining wall is cast by C20 stone concrete, the retaining wall is provided with an expansion joint every 10m along the wall body direction and the height of the wall, the joint width is 2cm, the retaining wall is filled with asphalt reinforcement along the inner and outer edges of the wall top, the filling depth is 20cm, and the bearing capacity of the bearing layer is larger than 200 kPa. And after 1m of high fill embankment base is filled, broken stones are filled, and the width of the slope excavation step is not less than 2 m.
The monitoring and implementation effects are as follows:
and deformation monitoring, construction safety monitoring and prevention and control effect monitoring are carried out on the high fill embankment slope body in the construction process. The monitoring result is used as an important basis for judging the slope stability, guiding construction, feeding back design and inspecting the prevention and control effect. The arrangement of the monitoring points is shown in fig. 4, and because the number of the monitoring data points is large, the change curve graphs of the horizontal displacement and the settlement displacement of the monitoring points of the most dangerous points D7, D8 and D9 are given in the embodiment.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, before day 4, month 15, the horizontal displacement and the sedimentation displacement of each monitoring point increase with the increase of time, the maximum horizontal displacement of the monitoring point D7 is 5.9mm, the maximum horizontal displacement of the monitoring point D8 is 6.3mm, the maximum horizontal displacement of the monitoring point D9 is 1.8mm, and then the horizontal displacement decreases and stabilizes with the increase of time.
The maximum sedimentation displacement of the monitoring point D7 is 9.8mm, the maximum sedimentation displacement of the monitoring point D8 is 7.9mm, and the maximum sedimentation displacement of the monitoring point D9 is 6.2mm, and then the sedimentation displacement tends to be stable along with the increase of time.
The monitoring results show that the method effectively improves the stability of the high embankment in the mountainous area, and the retaining effect is obvious.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application in any way, and although the present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes and modifications within the technical scope of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore all the changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure is used for carrying out anti-sliding retaining on an embankment high slope (7) on a mountain, and is characterized in that the mountain is divided into a high slope fixing section (1) and a high slope retaining section (2) from high to low, the embankment high slope (7) is arranged on the high slope fixing section (1), the high slope retaining section (2) is divided into a first retaining section (21) and a second retaining section (22) from low to high, and the combined anti-sliding structure comprises a retaining pile component and a retaining wall (3); wherein,
the retaining pile assembly comprises a cover beam (5), cement slurry and a plurality of steel pipes (4) laid in a first retaining section (21), the first retaining section (21) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (211) corresponding to the steel pipes (4) one by one, each steel pipe (4) is vertically arranged in the corresponding mounting hole (211), the upper parts of the steel pipes (4) are exposed out of the mounting holes (211), the side wall of the lower part of each steel pipe (4) is provided with a plurality of grouting holes (41) for water slurry to flow out, the cement slurry comprises filler filled in the inner cavity of each steel pipe (4) and reinforcing material which flows out to the soil around the mounting holes (211) through the grouting holes (41), and the cement slurry enables the steel pipes (4), the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section (21) to form a rigid anti-sliding body; the upper parts of the steel pipes (4) are fixedly connected through the cover beam (5);
retaining wall (3) are including retaining wall basis (31) and connect wall (32) on retaining wall basis (31), retaining wall basis (31) are arranged in the soil body of second fender section (22), wall (32) stretch out the soil body and respectively with embankment high slope (7) and bent cap (5) butt, wall (32) are located between embankment high slope (7) and bent cap (5).
2. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 1, wherein a toe (311) is provided on a side of the retaining wall foundation (31) facing the capping beam (5), a bottom surface of the capping beam (5) facing one end of the retaining wall (3) is fixed to an upper surface of the toe (311), and a side surface of the capping beam (5) facing one end of the retaining wall (3) is fixed to one side surface of the wall body (32).
3. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the retaining wall (3) is an integrally formed structure, and the retaining wall (3) is made of sheet rock concrete.
4. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the steel tube (4) is 108mm to 127mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm to 7 mm.
5. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of grouting holes (41) are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance from the lowest row of grouting holes (41) to the bottom end of the steel pipe (4) is not more than 300mm, the distance between the highest row of grouting holes (41) and the lowest row of grouting holes (41) is 2-3 m, the aperture of each grouting hole (41) is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of grouting holes (41) is 25-40 mm.
6. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of mounting holes (211) are arranged in M rows and N columns, the M rows of mounting holes (211) are arranged along the length direction of the first retaining section (21), and the N columns of mounting holes (211) are arranged along the width direction of the first retaining section (21); the distance between two adjacent mounting holes (211) is 300-500 mm, and the distance between the first row of mounting holes (211) and the last row of mounting holes (211) is 1.5-2.5 m.
7. The embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the combined anti-skid structure further comprises a filling layer (6) arranged on the high slope fixing section (1), the high slope fixing section (1) is provided with a plurality of steps, and the filling layer (6) comprises a gravel layer (61) laid on each step and a sand layer (62) laid on the gravel layer (61).
8. A construction method of a embankment high slope pipe pile composite retaining wall support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: drilling a plurality of mounting holes (211) on the first retaining section (21), vertically placing a plurality of steel pipes (4) in the corresponding mounting holes (211), injecting cement slurry into the inner cavity of the steel pipes (4), and enabling a part of the cement slurry to flow out of the grouting holes (41) to the soil around the mounting holes (211), so that the plurality of steel pipes (4), the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section (21) form a rigid anti-sliding body;
s2: digging a pit on the second retaining section (22), pouring concrete in the pit to form a retaining wall foundation (31), and continuously pouring concrete on the retaining wall foundation (31) to form a wall body (32); and simultaneously pouring concrete above the first retaining section (21) to form the cover beam (5).
9. The construction method of a embankment high slope pipe pile composite retaining wall support structure according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, cement slurry is injected into the inner cavity of the steel pipe (4) at a set injection pressure, so that a part of the cement slurry is diffused into the soil around the installation hole (211) through the injection hole (41), and is converged with the cement slurry diffused from the injection hole (41) of the adjacent steel pipe (4), so that the plurality of steel pipes (4), the cement slurry and the soil of the first retaining section (21) form a rigid anti-slip body.
10. The construction method of a embankment high slope tubular pile composite retaining wall supporting structure according to claim 9, wherein the cement slurry has a water cement ratio of 0.5 to 0.75, and the set grouting pressure is 0.5 to 2.0 Mpa.
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| CN111576454A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-08-25 | 云南省建设投资控股集团有限公司 | Combined protective structure for side slope retaining wall and steel pipe pile and construction method thereof |
| CN113389210A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆大学 | Landslide control method combining anti-sliding key and local point type reinforcement |
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