CN108987912B - Five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna - Google Patents

Five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna Download PDF

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CN108987912B
CN108987912B CN201810608880.9A CN201810608880A CN108987912B CN 108987912 B CN108987912 B CN 108987912B CN 201810608880 A CN201810608880 A CN 201810608880A CN 108987912 B CN108987912 B CN 108987912B
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antenna
rectangular
holes
cavity
slot
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CN108987912A (en
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王海明
无奇
尹杰茜
余晨
洪伟
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/04—Multimode antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way

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Abstract

The invention discloses a five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna which mainly comprises a substrate integrated waveguide back cavity, a cross-shaped radiation slot and an asymmetric short circuit metalized through hole. The antenna has the advantages of simple structure, low profile, easy processing, wide bandwidth and the like in the working frequency band.

Description

Five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna
Technical Field
The invention relates to a broadband integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed slot antenna adopting five-mode operation, belonging to the technical field of antennas.
Background
Antennas are an important component of wireless communication systems. The rapid development of wireless communication has created an urgent need for antennas that are small, low cost, high gain, easy to integrate, and broadband. The traditional cavity-backed antenna has the advantages of high gain, low front-to-back ratio and the like, but also has the defects of overlarge volume, difficulty in integration with a planar circuit and the like.
The back cavity slot antenna based on the SIW can well meet the practical requirements of planarization, easy integration and the like, but also brings the problem of narrow bandwidth. By means of technical means such as loading an air dielectric layer, adding a resonant patch and adding a resonant mode, bandwidth broadening of the cavity-backed slot antenna based on the SIW can be achieved. Under the prior art, the maximum bandwidth of the antenna can reach 17.5%.
With the rapid development of modern wireless communications, there is a great demand for SIW-based cavity-backed slot antennas with wider bandwidths.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the SIW technology and provides the broadband cavity-backed antenna which can meet the requirements of a wireless communication system, can be applied to a microwave and millimeter wave frequency band, is easy to design and process and is easy to integrate in a plane. By designing the SIW rectangular cavity, the cross-shaped gap and the two pairs of asymmetric short circuit metallized through holes, five working modes are excited at different frequency points, and the bandwidth of the antenna is widened. The antenna has the advantages of easy planar integration, simple structure, wide bandwidth and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: a five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna is characterized in that an antenna body mainly comprises a dielectric layer, metal layers printed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric layer, and a plurality of metallized through holes which are connected with the upper and lower metal layers and penetrate through the dielectric layer; the plurality of metallized through holes form a quasi-rectangular cavity of the SIW; the upper metal layer is provided with a cross-shaped gap formed by two vertically crossed rectangular gaps; regarding an upper metal layer of the antenna body as an XOY plane, wherein the cross-shaped gap is symmetrical about the rectangular gap in the x direction; the two sides of a section of rectangular slot, facing the antenna feeder line, of the rectangular slot in the x direction are respectively provided with a first metalized through hole, a pair of second metalized through holes are arranged on the antenna body between the section of rectangular slot and the feeder line, the two pairs of metalized through holes are used as two pairs of short-circuit through holes and are respectively called a first pair of short-circuit through holes and a second pair of short-circuit through holes, and the second pair of short-circuit through holes are located on the two sides of a central axis of the SIW cavity in the x direction.
The first pair of shorted vias is not symmetric about the rectangular slot in the x-direction.
The second pair of shorted vias is not symmetric about the axis in the SIW cavity in the x-direction.
The dimensions and positions of the quasi-rectangular cavity, the cross-shaped slot and the two pairs of asymmetric short-circuit vias of the SIW are related to the designed operating frequency of the antenna. Cross-shaped gaps formed by rectangular gaps cut along the x direction and the y direction respectively, and half TE is excited at different frequency points by designing the size and the position of the rectangular gaps cut along the y axis110Mode, TE210Odd mode, TE210Even mode and TE310A mode; by designing the size and position of the rectangular slot cut along the x direction and the size and position of the four asymmetric short-circuit through holes, the half TE is excited at a proper frequency point under the condition of not causing too great influence on the excitation of other modes120The mode, thereby make the antenna work under five different modes at different frequency points to through the dimensional parameter of adjusting the antenna, arrange the resonance frequency point of these five modes rationally, thereby reach the effect of widening the antenna bandwidth.
The antenna feeds the SIW cavity through a 50 Ω microstrip line. The dimensions of the feed line and the antenna are related to the operating frequency of the antenna.
Has the advantages that: compared with the existing cavity-backed antenna, the broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna with five-mode operation provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) the antenna adopts the SIW as the back cavity of the antenna, and has the advantages of planar structure, easy integration, simple processing and the like while keeping the advantages of the traditional back cavity antenna.
2) The antenna adopts the cross-shaped slot and the asymmetric short circuit metallized through hole, so that the antenna works in five modes at different frequency points, and the total bandwidth of the antenna is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the real part of the input impedance and the standing wave ratio of the antenna of the present invention as a function of frequency;
FIG. 3 is a directional diagram of the antenna of the present invention at 9.6 GHz;
fig. 4 is a pattern of the antenna of the present invention at 10.4 GHz.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The slot antenna of the back cavity of the integrated waveguide of broadband planar substrate of five-mode work, the slot antenna of this back cavity is mainly formed by microstrip feeder line 55, integrated waveguide back cavity of the substrate, slot radiating element, two pairs of asymmetric short-circuit via holes 3 and 4. The antenna is processed by a single-layer Printed Circuit Board (PCB) process.
Fig. 1 is a top view of an antenna of the present invention. The antenna body comprises a dielectric layer, metal layers printed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric layer, and a metalized through hole 1 which is used for connecting the upper and lower metal layers and penetrates through the dielectric layer. A plurality of metallized through holes 1 form a quasi-rectangular cavity of the SIW, the thickness of the dielectric layer is h, and the dielectric constant is epsilonr. In fig. 1, the white circles are all metallized vias, with the via diameter d. The grey part in fig. 1 is the lower metal layer of the antenna, including the feed line 5 from the microstrip line to the SIW cavity and the bottom metal of the SIW cavity. A plurality of metallized through holes 1 with pitch p form a rectangular-like cavity of the SIW. The white rectangle in fig. 1 is the upper metal layer 6 of the antenna, and a cross slot 2 indicated by a dotted line and a shadow is cut in the upper metal layer 6, and the antenna radiates as a radiator in a designed frequency band. Two metallized through holes are asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the rectangular slot in the x direction to serve as a pair of short-circuit through holes 3 for exciting half TE of the antenna120Mode, another pair of shorted vias 4, for exciting the TE of the antenna310And the mode is arranged on the antenna body between the rectangular slot and the feeder line.
In fig. 1, the dimension of the portion of the antenna where the microstrip line feeds the SIW cavity is defined by the width w of the microstrip linef1And width g of groove at transitionmAnd length lmAnd (6) determining. The width of SIW-like rectangular cavity is w1Width of semi-rectangular cavities on both sides of the x-axisThe degrees are the same, and the lengths are different. The length of the upper half rectangular cavity is l1The length of the lower half rectangular cavity is (l)1-l2+l3). The cross-shaped slot 2 is composed of a rectangular slot in the x-direction and a rectangular slot in the y-direction, wherein the length and the width of the rectangular slot in the y-direction are respectively ls1And ws1The length and width of the rectangular slot in the x direction are respectively ls2And ws2. The cross-shaped slits are symmetrical with respect to the rectangular slit in the x-direction. The distance between the left edge through hole of the upper semi-rectangular cavity and the rectangular gap in the y direction is l2The distance between the left edge through hole of the lower half rectangular cavity and the rectangular gap in the y direction is l1. Two short-circuit through holes 3 are positioned on two sides of the rectangular gap in the x direction, and the distance in the y direction is s1The distances between the short circuit via holes 3 on the upper and lower sides of the rectangular slot in the x direction and the rectangular slot in the y direction are l5And l4Equal to the distance of the rectangular slit in the x-direction. Two short circuit via holes 4 are positioned at two sides of the central axis of the SIW cavity in the x direction, and the distance in the y direction is s2With a spacing s in the x-direction3And the distance between the central axis of the cavity in the x direction is equal to the distance between the central axis of the cavity in the x direction. Of the two short-circuit via holes 4, the short-circuit via hole 4 which is closer to the rectangular slot in the y direction has a distance l from the rectangular slot in the y direction6。
Electromagnetic simulation software is adopted to optimize the size of the antenna, and the obtained antenna size parameters are shown in table 1. The meaning of each parameter has been explained above.
The test object is a back cavity slot antenna which is realized by utilizing a PCB technology and works at about 10 GHz. The test results are shown in FIGS. 2-4. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the real part of the input impedance and the standing wave ratio as a function of frequency for the present invention; FIG. 3 is a simulated and measured pattern of the present invention at 9.3 GHz; fig. 4 is a simulated and measured pattern of the present invention at 10.2 GHz. According to the actual measurement, the-10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna reaches 20.8%.
TABLE 1
Parameter(s) Numerical value (mm) Parameter(s) Numerical value (mm)
l1 33.0 l2 5.8
l3 5.8 l4 5.5
l5 6.1 ls1 18.9
ls2 16.0 lm 3.5
w1 19.9 ws1 1.5
ws2 1.5 wf1 3.1
s1 3.0 gm 1.6
h 1.0 εr 2.2
p 0.50 d 0.30
l6 16.4 s2 1.2
s3 0.2

Claims (3)

1. A five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna is characterized in that an antenna body mainly comprises a dielectric layer, metal layers printed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric layer, and a plurality of metallized through holes which are connected with the upper and lower metal layers and penetrate through the dielectric layer; the plurality of metallized through holes form a quasi-rectangular cavity of the SIW; the method is characterized in that: two vertical parts are arranged on the upper metal layerA cross-shaped gap formed by straight crossed rectangular gaps; regarding an upper metal layer of the antenna body as an XOY plane, wherein the cross-shaped gap is symmetrical about the rectangular gap in the x direction; two sides of a section of rectangular slot of the rectangular slot facing the antenna feeder line in the x direction are respectively provided with a first metalized through hole, a pair of second metalized through holes are arranged on the antenna body between the section of rectangular slot and the feeder line, the two pairs of metalized through holes are used as two pairs of short-circuit through holes and are respectively called a first pair of short-circuit through holes and a second pair of short-circuit through holes, and the second pair of short-circuit through holes are positioned on two sides of a central axis of the SIW cavity in the x direction; the first pair of short-circuit via holes are not symmetrical about the rectangular slot in the x direction, and the second pair of short-circuit via holes are not symmetrical about the central axis of the SIW cavity in the x direction; cross-shaped gaps formed by rectangular gaps cut along the x direction and the y direction respectively, and half TE is excited at different frequency points by designing the size and the position of the rectangular gaps cut along the y axis110Mode, TE210Odd mode, TE210Even mode and TE310A mode; by designing the size and position of the rectangular slot cut along the x direction and the size and position of the four asymmetric short-circuit through holes, the half TE is excited at a proper frequency point under the condition of not causing too great influence on the excitation of other modes120The mode, thereby make the antenna work under five different modes at different frequency points to through the dimensional parameter of adjusting the antenna, arrange the resonance frequency point of these five modes rationally, thereby reach the effect of widening the antenna bandwidth.
2. The five-mode-operation broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: the dimensions and positions of the quasi-rectangular cavity, the cross-shaped slot and the two pairs of asymmetric short-circuit vias of the SIW are related to the designed operating frequency of the antenna.
3. The five-mode-operation broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed slot antenna of claim 1, wherein: the antenna feeds power to the SIW cavity through a 50 omega microstrip line; the dimensions of the feed line and the antenna are related to the operating frequency of the antenna.
CN201810608880.9A 2018-06-13 2018-06-13 Five-mode working broadband planar substrate integrated waveguide back cavity slot antenna Active CN108987912B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109818158B (en) * 2019-03-13 2020-09-11 东南大学 Broadband SIW back-cavity slot antenna array adopting L-shaped slot units
CN111541027A (en) * 2020-04-23 2020-08-14 西安电子科技大学 Multimode resonance broadband antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity
CN111883913B (en) * 2020-06-28 2021-09-21 华南理工大学 Branch-loaded low-profile wide-bandwidth beam antenna

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