CN108971313B - Flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process - Google Patents
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- CN108971313B CN108971313B CN201810819012.5A CN201810819012A CN108971313B CN 108971313 B CN108971313 B CN 108971313B CN 201810819012 A CN201810819012 A CN 201810819012A CN 108971313 B CN108971313 B CN 108971313B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic forming process for a flexible plate, which comprises the following steps: step S1: arranging sheet material measuring reference points; step S2: clamping a sheet material; step S3: setting forming process parameters; step S4: setting a forming path; step S5: performing point-by-point electromagnetic forming according to a set forming path; step S6: detecting or reversely calculating the shape and the size of the formed workpiece; step S7: comparing the shape and the size of the formed workpiece with the shape and the size of the final workpiece; step S8: if the precision requirement is met, finishing the final forming of the workpiece; if the precision requirement is not met and the workpiece needs to be clamped again, repeating the steps S2 to S8; and if the workpiece does not need to be clamped again, repeating the steps S3 to S8. The invention can form complex workpieces only by adopting the universal coil and the standard die or without the die, has very important significance for forming and processing metal parts, particularly electromagnetic forming of single-piece small-batch parts, and has important significance for popularizing and applying the electromagnetic forming process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material processing and forming, in particular to an electromagnetic forming process for a flexible plate.
Background
Electromagnetic forming is a processing method for carrying out high-speed forming on metal materials by utilizing electromagnetic force, and during forming, an instantaneous pulse strong magnetic field is generated in a coil through instantaneous pulse current, so that eddy current is generated in a corresponding workpiece, and then Lorentz force is generated through interaction, so that the high-speed forming processing of the metal materials is realized. Since the load is applied to the blank in a pulse manner during the forming process, it is also called magnetic pulse forming.
The basic principle of electromagnetic forming is Lenz's law, that is, an eddy current resisting the change of a magnetic field is induced in a metal workpiece through the magnetic field changing along with time, and the eddy current interact to generate a huge electromagnetic force instantly to deform the metal workpiece. A typical electromagnetic forming system is shown in fig. 1, and the forming process is as follows: the capacitor bank is first charged by a charging system, the electrical energy is stored in the capacitor, and then the discharge switch is closed, the capacitor bank, the coil and the circuit form an RLC oscillator circuit, thereby generating a momentary alternating large current in the coil. The current generates a strong pulse magnetic field, so that an induced eddy current is excited in the workpiece, and the induced eddy current and the magnetic field interact to generate a strong repulsive force to drive the workpiece to deform.
The electromagnetic forming apparatus is mainly composed of three components: power supply system, shaping coil, control system.
A power supply system: the power supply system is an energy source of the electromagnetic forming equipment, and needs to provide enough energy in a very short time to generate strong enough electromagnetic force to drive the workpiece to deform.
Forming a coil: the electromagnetic forming coil is a key component for converting electromagnetic energy in a power supply system into kinetic energy of a workpiece, the size and the configuration of a magnetic field of the electromagnetic forming coil directly influence the stress size and stress distribution of the workpiece to be formed, and finally, the machining forming effect is directly influenced.
The control system comprises: the control system is an important component of the electromagnetic forming device and controls the forming process, the charging and discharging time, the voltage and other process parameters.
Compared with the traditional metal forming process, the electromagnetic forming has the following advantages:
1) high strain rate: the whole forming process is generally about hundreds of microseconds to a few milliseconds, and the forming speed is generally more than 300 m/s. The high strain rate characteristic of electromagnetic forming can obviously improve the plastic deformation capacity and the deformation uniformity of the material, effectively reduce the rebound of parts and inhibit the wrinkling of the material.
2) Non-contact: the electromagnetic forming magnetic field acts on the workpiece as a medium, the deformation process is not in contact with the workpiece, the surface integrity of the formed workpiece is high, and the fatigue life is greatly prolonged.
3) Single mould: the electromagnetic forming only needs an independent male die or a female die generally, has simple tooling requirements and strong equipment flexibility, and is suitable for processing and manufacturing parts with various specifications.
4) Electro-plastic effects: in electromagnetic forming, the deformation behavior of a metal material under the action of electricity (current, electric field or electron irradiation and the like) is different from the conventional deformation behavior, the microstructure of the metal material is changed, the changes can reduce the flow stress in the metal deformation process, and the forming limit of the material is greatly improved, namely the electro-plastic effect is generated.
5) The process repeatability is good: compared with other high-speed forming technologies (such as explosion forming, electro-hydraulic forming and the like), the intensity of the magnetic pulse in the electromagnetic forming can be accurately controlled, the mechanization and the automation are easy to realize, the repeatability is good, and the stability is high.
Due to the technological characteristics of electromagnetic forming, the process is applied to the fields of tube blank forming, slab forming, volume forming, powder forming and the like.
Although electromagnetic forming has corresponding advantages, the existing electromagnetic forming system needs to manufacture corresponding devices such as a male die or a female die, a coil, a blank holder and the like according to the shape and the size of a workpiece for forming the workpiece with the characteristic shape and the size, so that the production cost is increased, the manufacturing period is prolonged, and the application of the electromagnetic forming is limited. Therefore, the flexible intelligent electromagnetic forming system can perform electromagnetic forming on complex workpieces with different shapes and sizes only by adopting the universal coil and the standard male die or female die, has very important significance for forming and processing metal parts, particularly electromagnetic forming of single parts and small-batch parts, and has important significance for popularizing and applying the electromagnetic forming process.
Accordingly, further improvements and improvements are needed in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an electromagnetic forming process for a flexible plate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an electromagnetic forming process for a flexible plate mainly comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: arranging reference points for measuring the plate materials: and arranging an adhesion datum point on the plate to be formed due to the measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process and the reverse engineering requirement.
Step S2: plate clamping: and clamping the plate on the plate clamping device, and applying a clamping force according to the design requirement.
Step S3: setting forming process parameters: and setting the technological parameters of electromagnetic forming of the workpiece according to the shape and size of the workpiece and the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming. The technological parameters mainly comprise that if a mould exists, the mould is selected, the initial distance is adjusted, and the electromagnetic forming charge-discharge technological parameters comprise voltage, discharge frequency and the like.
Step S4: setting a forming path: and setting parameters such as an initial point, a final point and a forming path of electromagnetic forming, and the size of the interval of a forming part in point-by-point electromagnetic forming according to the shape and the size of the workpiece, the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming coil and the magnetic collector.
Step S5: performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming according to a set forming path: and performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming on the plate according to set process parameters and forming paths, wherein the electromagnetic forming process parameters such as a mould, an initial distance and the like can be changed according to requirements in the forming process.
Step S6: detecting or reversely calculating the shape and the size of the formed workpiece: and measuring the shape and size of the workpiece after electromagnetic forming by using a laser scanning measuring instrument, and performing reverse engineering on the workpiece in CAD software to obtain a three-dimensional model of the workpiece. Or measuring the critical shape and size of the formed workpiece with a template or caliper measuring tool.
Step S7: shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece: and comparing the shape and the size of the model of the formed workpiece with the shape and the size of the model of the final workpiece, or comparing the key shape and the size.
Step S8: and if the precision requirement is met, finishing the final forming of the workpiece. And if the precision requirement is not met and the workpiece needs to be clamped again, repeating the steps S2 to S8. And if the workpiece does not need to be clamped again, repeating the steps S3 to S8.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the pasting datum points are arranged on the plate to be formed and used for inverse summation and reverse engineering of measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the electromagnetic forming is a continuous local electromagnetic forming of the sheet material point by point performed according to a set path.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, during the point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, the single electromagnetic forming region is a local small region of the sheet material, and the overall deformation of the sheet material is realized through the deformation accumulation of the local small region.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, after the sheet material is continuously electromagnetically formed point by point, measurement reverse engineering and reverse engineering are required to be carried out, whether the sheet material needs to be continuously electromagnetically formed point by point is determined according to the shape and the size of the sheet material after the sheet material is continuously electromagnetically formed point by point, and a path of next electromagnetic forming is set.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the sheet metal is subjected to repeated electromagnetic forming path setting, point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, measurement inverse summation reverse engineering of the formed workpiece, and shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece, so that the workpiece meeting the precision requirement is finally obtained.
As the preferable scheme of the invention, if the clamping force of the plate is too loose, the plate can be displaced in the processing process, and if the clamping force is too tight, the plastic flow of the metal plate is not facilitated, so that the clamping force of the robot clamping device is set to be less than 10Mpa, and the plate to be processed can move in the plate clamping process during the electromagnetic forming.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in order to move in the robot clamping device when the electromagnetic forming plate material deforms, the clamping device can move up and down along the plate material clamping direction under the action of the electromagnetic forming force so as to coordinate the deformation of the plate material.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in order to ensure that the generated electromagnetic force is perpendicular to the sheet material and the sheet material is deformed by uniform force, the center of the area where the sheet material is deformed by force is located at the center of the induction magnetic field, the normal direction of the area center is consistent with the axial direction of the die and the electromagnetic forming coil or the up-down direction of the slider movement, and an initial distance is formed between the front end of the magnetic collector and the sheet material.
Specifically, the integrated control system is respectively connected with the electromagnetic forming control system, the coil and die control system and the robot control system, and carries out coordination control on the electromagnetic forming machine, the coil and die installation adjusting device, the robot and the plate clamping device according to the requirements of the workpiece electromagnetic forming process. The integrated control system transmits the charging and discharging technological parameters of the electromagnetic forming such as charging and discharging period, charging and discharging voltage, discharging frequency and the like to the electromagnetic forming control system, and controls the pulse charging and discharging of the electromagnetic forming machine to carry out single or sequential electromagnetic forming. The integrated control system transmits the initial distance between the workpiece and the magnetic collector and the requirement for the mold to the coil and mold control system, controls the reasonable initial distance between the coil and the workpiece and between the magnetic collector and the workpiece by adjusting the movements of the upper beam and the slider of the coil and mold mounting device, and controls the mold on the base to select the determined universal mold. The integrated control system transfers the designed workpiece forming track to the robot control system, controls the robot to move, adjusts the position and the direction of the plate and realizes the sequential point-by-point electromagnetic forming of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention also has the following advantages: the working process and principle of the invention are as follows: firstly, inputting the forming process parameters such as the charging and discharging period, the voltage and the frequency of electromagnetic forming, the requirements such as the initial distance between a universal die and a magnetic collector and a workpiece, the point-by-point electromagnetic forming path of a plate and the direction of the plate at a forming point into an integrated control system of equipment, transmitting relevant parameters to the electromagnetic forming control system, a coil and die control system and a robot control system by the integrated control system of the equipment, and carrying out coordination control on an electromagnetic forming machine, a coil and die installation adjusting device and a robot and a plate clamping and forming position control device. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1. the coil and mould control system controls the coil and mould installation adjusting device to select a universal mould and adjust the initial distance; 2. the robot control system controls the robot plate clamping and forming position control device to adjust the position direction of the plate, and the area to be formed of the plate is transferred to an electromagnetic forming area between the die and the magnetic collector; 3. the electromagnetic forming control system controls the electromagnetic forming machine to charge and then discharge so as to carry out electromagnetic forming. And if the mould and the initial distance are unchanged, repeating the steps 2 and 3 to carry out the electromagnetic forming of the plate material point by point in sequence according to a preset forming path. And if the mould and the initial distance are changed in the forming process, repeating the steps 1, 2 and 3 to carry out the sequential point-by-point electromagnetic forming of the plate according to a preset forming path. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and easy implementation.
(1) The electromagnetic forming process for the flexible plate provided by the invention adopts an electromagnetic forming process method which can form workpieces with different shapes and sizes and complex shapes only by adopting a general coil and a standard die or without a die, has very important significance for forming and processing metal parts, particularly electromagnetic forming of single parts and small-batch parts, and has important significance for popularizing and applying the electromagnetic forming process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible sheet electromagnetic forming system provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment discloses an electromagnetic forming process for a flexible plate, which mainly includes the following specific steps:
step S1: arranging reference points for measuring the plate materials: and arranging an adhesion datum point on the plate to be formed due to the measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process and the reverse engineering requirement.
Step S2: plate clamping: and clamping the plate on the plate clamping device, and applying a clamping force according to the design requirement.
Step S3: setting forming process parameters: and setting the technological parameters of electromagnetic forming of the workpiece according to the shape and size of the workpiece and the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming. The technological parameters mainly comprise that if a mould exists, the mould is selected, the initial distance is adjusted, and the electromagnetic forming charge-discharge technological parameters comprise voltage, discharge frequency and the like.
Step S4: setting a forming path: and setting parameters such as an initial point, a final point and a forming path of electromagnetic forming, and the size of the interval of a forming part in point-by-point electromagnetic forming according to the shape and the size of the workpiece, the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming coil and the magnetic collector.
Step S5: performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming according to a set forming path: and performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming on the plate according to set process parameters and forming paths, wherein the electromagnetic forming process parameters such as a mould, an initial distance and the like can be changed according to requirements in the forming process.
Step S6: detecting or reversely calculating the shape and the size of the formed workpiece: and measuring the shape and size of the workpiece after electromagnetic forming by using a laser scanning measuring instrument, and performing reverse engineering on the workpiece in CAD software to obtain a three-dimensional model of the workpiece. Or measuring the critical shape and size of the formed workpiece with a template or caliper measuring tool.
Step S7: shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece: and comparing the shape and the size of the model of the formed workpiece with the shape and the size of the model of the final workpiece, or comparing the key shape and the size.
Step S8: and if the precision requirement is met, finishing the final forming of the workpiece. And if the precision requirement is not met and the workpiece needs to be clamped again, repeating the steps S2 to S8. And if the workpiece does not need to be clamped again, repeating the steps S3 to S8.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the pasting datum points are arranged on the plate to be formed and used for inverse summation and reverse engineering of measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the electromagnetic forming is a continuous local electromagnetic forming of the sheet material point by point performed according to a set path.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, during the point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, the single electromagnetic forming region is a local small region of the sheet material, and the overall deformation of the sheet material is realized through the deformation accumulation of the local small region.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, after the sheet material is continuously electromagnetically formed point by point, measurement reverse engineering and reverse engineering are required to be carried out, whether the sheet material needs to be continuously electromagnetically formed point by point is determined according to the shape and the size of the sheet material after the sheet material is continuously electromagnetically formed point by point, and a path of next electromagnetic forming is set.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the sheet metal is subjected to repeated electromagnetic forming path setting, point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, measurement inverse summation reverse engineering of the formed workpiece, and shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece, so that the workpiece meeting the precision requirement is finally obtained.
As the preferable scheme of the invention, if the clamping force of the plate is too loose, the plate can be displaced in the processing process, and if the clamping force is too tight, the plastic flow of the metal plate is not facilitated, so that the clamping force of the robot clamping device is set to be less than 10Mpa, and the plate to be processed can move in the plate clamping process during the electromagnetic forming.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in order to move in the robot clamping device when the electromagnetic forming plate material deforms, the clamping device can move up and down along the plate material clamping direction under the action of the electromagnetic forming force so as to coordinate the deformation of the plate material.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in order to ensure that the generated electromagnetic force is perpendicular to the sheet material and the sheet material is deformed by uniform force, the center of the area where the sheet material is deformed by force is located at the center of the induction magnetic field, the normal direction of the area center is consistent with the axial direction of the die and the electromagnetic forming coil or the up-down direction of the slider movement, and an initial distance is formed between the front end of the magnetic collector and the sheet material.
Specifically, the integrated control system is respectively connected with the electromagnetic forming control system, the coil and die control system and the robot control system, and carries out coordination control on the electromagnetic forming machine, the coil and die installation adjusting device, the robot and the plate clamping device according to the requirements of the workpiece electromagnetic forming process. The integrated control system transmits the charging and discharging technological parameters of the electromagnetic forming such as charging and discharging period, charging and discharging voltage, discharging frequency and the like to the electromagnetic forming control system, and controls the pulse charging and discharging of the electromagnetic forming machine to carry out single or sequential electromagnetic forming. The integrated control system transmits the initial distance between the workpiece and the magnetic collector and the requirement for the mold to the coil and mold control system, controls the reasonable initial distance between the coil and the workpiece and between the magnetic collector and the workpiece by adjusting the movements of the upper beam and the slider of the coil and mold mounting device, and controls the mold on the base to select the determined universal mold. The integrated control system transfers the designed workpiece forming track to the robot control system, controls the robot to move, adjusts the position and the direction of the plate and realizes the sequential point-by-point electromagnetic forming of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention also has the following advantages: the working process and principle of the invention are as follows: firstly, inputting the forming process parameters such as the charging and discharging period, the voltage and the frequency of electromagnetic forming, the requirements such as the initial distance between a universal die and a magnetic collector and a workpiece, the point-by-point electromagnetic forming path of a plate and the direction of the plate at a forming point into an integrated control system of equipment, transmitting relevant parameters to the electromagnetic forming control system, a coil and die control system and a robot control system by the integrated control system of the equipment, and carrying out coordination control on an electromagnetic forming machine, a coil and die installation adjusting device and a robot and a plate clamping and forming position control device. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1. the coil and mould control system controls the coil and mould installation adjusting device to select a universal mould and adjust the initial distance; 2. the robot control system controls the robot plate clamping and forming position control device to adjust the position direction of the plate, and the area to be formed of the plate is transferred to an electromagnetic forming area between the die and the magnetic collector; 3. the electromagnetic forming control system controls the electromagnetic forming machine to charge and then discharge so as to carry out electromagnetic forming. And if the mould and the initial distance are unchanged, repeating the steps 2 and 3 to carry out the electromagnetic forming of the plate material point by point in sequence according to a preset forming path. And if the mould and the initial distance are changed in the forming process, repeating the steps 1, 2 and 3 to carry out the sequential point-by-point electromagnetic forming of the plate according to a preset forming path. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and easy implementation.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a process method of an intelligent flexible sheet electromagnetic forming system for a robot to clamp and form a coil, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. arranging reference points for measuring the plate materials: and arranging an adhesive datum point on the plate to be formed, wherein the measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process is reversed and reverse engineering is carried out.
2. Plate clamping: and clamping the plate on the robot clamping device, and applying a clamping force according to the design requirement.
3. Setting forming process parameters: the electromagnetic forming process parameters of the workpiece are designed according to the shape and size of the workpiece and the electromagnetic forming characteristics, and the electromagnetic forming process parameters comprise adjusting the initial distance between the magnetic collector and the plate, setting the electromagnetic forming charge-discharge process parameters such as voltage and discharge frequency and the like.
4. Setting a forming path: and designing an initial point, a final point and a forming path of electromagnetic forming according to the shape and the size of the workpiece, the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming coil and the magnetic collector, and performing point-by-point electromagnetic forming to form the interval size of the forming part.
5. Electromagnetic forming point by point according to a set forming path: according to the set process parameters and the forming path, the position of the moving coil and the position of the magnetic collector of the robot are adjusted to carry out point-by-point electromagnetic forming, and the electromagnetic forming process parameters such as the initial distance and the like can be changed according to requirements in the forming process.
6. Detecting or reversely calculating the shape and the size of the formed workpiece: measuring the shape and size of the workpiece after electromagnetic forming by using a laser scanning measuring instrument, and performing reverse engineering on the workpiece in CAD software to obtain a three-dimensional model of the workpiece; or measuring the critical shape and size of the formed workpiece by a measuring tool such as a template or a caliper.
7. Shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece: and comparing the shape and the size of the model of the formed workpiece with the shape and the size of the model of the final workpiece, or comparing the key shape and the size.
8. If the precision requirement is met, finishing the final forming of the workpiece; if the precision requirement is not met, the workpiece needs to be clamped again, and the steps are repeated for 2 to 8; and repeating the steps of 3-8 if the workpiece does not need to be clamped again.
At present, for the forming of workpieces with special shapes and sizes, the electromagnetic forming system needs to manufacture corresponding devices such as a male die or a female die, a coil, a blank holder and the like according to the shapes and sizes of the workpieces, so that the production cost is increased, the manufacturing period is prolonged, and the application of electromagnetic forming is limited. Therefore, in a flexible intelligent electromagnetic forming system, the invention provides an electromagnetic forming process method which can form complex workpieces with different shapes and sizes only by adopting a universal coil and a standard die or without a die, which has very important significance for forming and processing metal parts, particularly electromagnetic forming of single-piece small-batch parts, and has important significance for popularizing and applying the electromagnetic forming process.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: arranging reference points for measuring the plate materials: the method comprises the following steps of arranging an adhesion datum point on a plate to be formed due to the measurement of the shape and the size of a workpiece in the forming process and the reverse engineering requirements;
step S2: plate clamping: clamping the sheet on a sheet clamping device, and applying a clamping force according to the design requirement;
step S3: setting forming process parameters: setting technological parameters of electromagnetic forming of the workpiece according to the shape and size of the workpiece and the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming, wherein the technological parameters comprise the steps of selecting a die if the die exists, adjusting an initial distance, and setting the technological parameters of charging and discharging of the electromagnetic forming, including voltage and discharging frequency;
step S4: setting a forming path: setting initial point, end point and forming path of electromagnetic forming and interval size parameters of forming parts in point-by-point electromagnetic forming according to the shape and size of the workpiece, the characteristics of the electromagnetic forming coil and the magnetic collector;
step S5: performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming according to a set forming path: performing point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming on the plate according to set process parameters and a forming path, wherein the electromagnetic forming process parameters of a die and an initial distance can be changed according to requirements in the forming process;
step S6: detecting or reversely calculating the shape and the size of the formed workpiece: measuring the shape and size of the workpiece after electromagnetic forming by using a laser scanning measuring instrument, and performing reverse engineering on the workpiece in CAD software to obtain a three-dimensional model of the workpiece; or measuring the key shape and size of the formed workpiece by a sample plate or a caliper measuring tool;
step S7: shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece: comparing the shape and the size of the model of the formed workpiece with the shape and the size of the model of the final workpiece, or comparing the key shape and the size;
step S8: if the precision requirement is met, finishing the final forming of the workpiece; if the precision requirement is not met and the workpiece needs to be clamped again, repeating the steps S2 to S8; and if the workpiece does not need to be clamped again, repeating the steps S3 to S8.
2. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process according to claim 1, characterized in that the pasting reference points are arranged on the sheet to be formed and used for inverse summation and reverse engineering of the measurement of the shape and the size of the workpiece in the forming process.
3. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic forming is a continuous local electromagnetic forming of the sheet point by point according to a set path.
4. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process according to claim 1, wherein during the point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, the single electromagnetic forming area is a local small area of the sheet, and the integral deformation of the sheet is realized through the deformation accumulation of the local small area.
5. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process according to claim 1, wherein after the sheet is continuously electromagnetically formed point by point, reverse engineering and measurement are required, and according to the shape and size of the sheet after the continuous electromagnetic forming point by point, whether the continuous electromagnetic forming point by point is required to be continuously performed is determined, and a path for the next electromagnetic forming is set.
6. The flexible sheet electromagnetic forming process according to claim 1, wherein the sheet is subjected to repeated electromagnetic forming path setting, point-by-point continuous electromagnetic forming, inverse measurement and reverse engineering of the formed workpiece, and shape and size comparison of the formed workpiece and the final workpiece, so as to finally obtain the workpiece meeting the precision requirement.
7. The electromagnetic forming process of flexible sheet material according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping force of said clamping device is set to be less than 10Mpa, and the sheet material to be processed can move in the clamping device during the electromagnetic forming.
8. The electromagnetic forming process of flexible sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that said gripping means can move up and down along the sheet gripping direction.
9. The electromagnetic forming process of the flexible plate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the center of the area of the plate material deformed by force is located at the center of the induced magnetic field, the normal direction of the center of the area is consistent with the axial direction of the die and the electromagnetic forming coil or the up-down direction of the movement of the slide block, and an initial distance is reserved between the front end of the magnetic collector and the plate material.
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| US5415021A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-16 | Folmer; Carroll W. | Apparatus for high pressure hydraulic forming of sheet metal blanks, flat patterns, and piping |
| CN103480713A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2014-01-01 | 西北工业大学 | Flexible stretch-forming device and method for carrying out stretch-forming on plate by utilizing same |
| CN105170766A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic collector for magnetic pulse forming |
| CN206731895U (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-12-12 | 三峡大学 | A kind of device for improving electro-magnetic forming workpiece patch mould |
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