CN108960637A - A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method - Google Patents
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to food safety tracing technology fields, more particularly to a kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, the following steps are included: (1) determines industrial chain, (2) determine the material investment point i for having material to put into and corresponding sampled point in industrial chain；(3) risk assessment is carried out to investment point or sampled point；(4) early warning analysis is carried out according to the risk evaluation result of step (3), high risk then enters step (5), and low-risk enters next sampled point or investment point repeats step (3)；(5) it traces to the source, the content of risk factor, continues circulation step (3) after adjustment in the input of (6) adjustment investment point.The present invention may be implemented to take precautions against in advance in food processing process to the control of pollutant, it avoids risk in advance, the anticipation that the content of pollutant in final products can be completed before product does not complete production, reduces risk existing for pollutants in food, and can find out in time and endanger source.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food safety tracing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control
Method.
Background technique
Bread is the staff of life, and the quality safety of food has significant impact to human health and social stability.Such as it is heavy metal-polluted
Dye, aflatoxin contamination, e. coli contamination, these hazard of contaminant such as pesticide residue are serious, once it is tight exceeded meeting occur
Ghost image rings the health or even life threatening of eater.Therefore timely and effectively measure is used, full industrial chain is established and traces to the source and be
System, carries out the investigation of pollution sources, fast and accurately finds pollution sources, can effectively inhibit the propagation of pollution, maintains social steady
It is fixed, reduce injury of the food pollution to human body.
Currently, authenticity ratio of China's food traceability system primarily directed to the basic qualification information of processing enterprise's food production
To progress.The management key of Safety of Food Quality is that identification and source to Hazard factor are assert.Due to lacking tracing technology,
Whether the content of the Hazard factor (such as heavy metal, aflatoxin harmful components) of food production meets relevant criterion
Etc. data, lack relevant technology in time, it is reliable obtain, thus be difficult to quick and precisely be traced to the source.According to food processing
Feature, the generation of harm may have raw material to bring the biochemical reaction etc. that type, environment intervention type such as production process occur into.Except fermentation class
Product outside, the pollution of heavy metal, aflatoxin, Escherichia coli, pesticide residue etc. is main in most of food processing process
It is usually to be brought into finished product by approach such as the ingredient of raw material, additives caused by being brought into due to raw material.The quality of food
Security control is mainly to be sampled what detection was completed by the ingredient that endangers to finished product, there are sampling, detection cycle are long, harm
The problems such as problem discovery not in time, causes substandard product to come into the market, and food safety hazards are big.
The fields such as the quick detection of pollutant are concentrated mainly on to the research of pollutant in food processing process at present.China
Patent of invention CN105004597B discloses a kind of pre-treatment reagent quickly detected for heavy metal cadmium in cereal crops and side
Method, using the pretreating reagent of ionic liquid, hydrogen peroxide and citric acid solution mixed configuration, pre-treatment reagent intermediate ion liquid:
30% hydrogen peroxide: the volume ratio of citric acid solution is 3~6:1~3:2~6, and the concentration of citric acid solution is 200g/L, will before
Inorganic agent, which is added in smashed cereal, carries out microwave treatment, then adjusts pH to 6-8.With traditional pre-treatment reagent phase
Than, in the patent in such a way that hydrogen peroxide, citric acid and ionic liquid be combined with each other, avoid using traditional inorganic acid,
With environmentally protective characteristic, the hydrogen peroxide and the specific ion liquid and citric acid collective effect added in pre-treatment reagent,
The consumption of starch in cereal crops is improved, influence of the starch to detection heavy metal cadmium in cereal crops, while this pre-treatment are reduced
Reagent increases the extraction recovery to heavy metal cadmium in cereal crops significantly, thus can using very short extraction time
To obtain higher extraction yield, the field quick detection for heavy metal cadmium in cereal crops provides the foundation.
For another example Chinese invention patent CN106290435A discloses in a kind of starch food the heavy metal component quickly side of detection
Method, after first crushing starch food plus water mixes, and then selects content of beary metal at the standard solution of arithmetic progression, is penetrated using X
Line irradiation, obtain the X-ray fluorescence spectra of standard solution, establish between X-ray fluorescence spectra and content of beary metal how far school
Positive detection model, filtering retains filtrate after the mixture sieving that the first step is obtained, and the liquid for finally again obtaining third step mixes
It closes object and carries out x-ray bombardment, the X-ray fluorescence spectra of food liquid is obtained, according to the X-ray fluorescence spectra and mark of food liquid
The corresponding relationship of the X-ray fluorescence spectra of quasi- solution obtains the content of beary metal of food liquid.This method makes each standard solution
Between content of beary metal at arithmetic progression, the detection model for improving the selectivity of sample, and obtaining is in each component positions
Resolving power is identical, and confidence interval is identical, improves the confidence level of testing result, and detection process is simple, quickly, can meet heavy metal
The needs quickly detected.
These food contaminant Fast Detection Technique researchs and application tracing to the source with important work online to food processing
With, while good basis is provided for food contaminant risk online evaluation.
Summary of the invention
On the basis of quickly being detected based on food contaminant, it is with the input in food industries chain
Basis, develops a kind of online food safety risk assessment and control method, and this method can be in accurate evaluation food processing process
The risk and the extent of injury of pollutant, and pollution source can be found in time, the effectively generation of control harm.This method can be realized and be mentioned
The purpose of preceding prevention pollutant can contain in timely and effective accurate evaluation final products before product is not produced
The reason measured and cause pollutant exceeded reduces the loss of the producer, avoids pollution the exceeded food of object and comes into the market, influences to disappear
The person's of expense health.
To achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, which comprises the following steps: (1) determine and produce
Industry chain, (2) determine the material investment point i for having material to put into and sampled point in industrial chain, put into point while being set as sampled point；
(3) risk assessment: sampling density, investment point risks and assumptions content, risk index, degree of risk are calculated, wind is carried out to final products
Danger assessment；(4) early warning: carrying out early warning analysis according to the assessment result of step (3), and high risk then enters step (5), low-risk into
Enter next sampled point and repeats step (3)；(5) trace to the source: step (4) early warning enters program of tracing to the source, and searches and endangers section in industrial chain
Point enters step (6) when node needs to control, endanger node and do not need to enter next sampled point repetition step (3) when control
Continue to assess；(6) rectify a deviation: the content of risk factor in the input of adjustment investment point continues circulation step (3) after adjustment.
As specific technical solution, the food safety risk online evaluation and control method specific steps are as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining industrial chain of the food from source to dining table including food production processing technology；
(2) determine sampled point and material investment point: sampling is arranged in the industrial chain determined according to step (1) in industrial chain
Point j calculates identical sampled point double sampling interval time C；Investment point is determined according to the point for having input to put into industrial chain
I, the input information of record investment point i, predicts product Hazard factor content；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: measurement material passes through the time of adjacent two sampled points j-1 and sampled point j
It is spaced dj,
It predicts Hazard factor content of the product after putting into point i: being contained according to the Hazard factor in each input investment point
Measure BiWith input percentage AiCalculate Hazard factor content Z, Z of the material after putting into point ii-1To be produced before investment point i
The content of Hazard factor in product,
Calculate risk index of the product after putting into point i: according to product, Hazard factor contains in product after putting into point i
Amount standard ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after putting into point ii,
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index ai, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, works as ai< 1 and F
< aiWhen, system shows low-risk, is directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；Otherwise system prompt enters step
(5)；
(5) it traces to the source: tracing to the source to industrial chain upstream, search risk symptoms node；The harm of risk symptoms node needs processing to enter
Step (6), danger do not need processing and repeat step (3) into next sampled point；
(6) it rectifies a deviation: risk factor content in adjustment upstream input, then repeatedly step (3).
As optimal technical scheme, the risk factor includes heavy metal, aflatoxin, Escherichia coli, pesticide residue.
As optimal technical scheme, industry master of the industrial chain including ultimate food production technology in the step (1)
Chain and the industry branch including input i production technology.
As optimal technical scheme, Hazard factor content standard includes national standard, industry mark in the investment point product
Standard, company standard.
As optimal technical scheme, the sampled point acquisition data include Hazard factor content.
As optimal technical scheme, the input information for putting into point i includes input type, input ratio, investment point
Title, Hazard factor content, sampling time, sampling period.
The present invention is established on the entire industry chain (supply chain) of food based on the full industrial chain including food production processing
The risk assessment and control method of pollutant, according to the upper input information of each investment point can Accurate Prediction food production line downstream it is each
Pollutant load information in the pollutant load information or final products of a sampled point, the contamination of products object that predicts that can do sth. in advance are
It is no exceeded, product harm is effectively reduced, prevents the food for largely carrying pollutant from coming into the market, reaches the mesh taken precautions against in advance
's.Simultaneously because the present invention is mainly to trace to the source to investigate chain with industry branch according to the industry main chain including food processing, it can
In time, production and the industry node for comprehensively, efficiently finding out pollutant appearance, are quickly found out source, fulfill one's duties, by risk
Harm is preferably minimized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 flow chart of the present invention；
Industrial chain of the Fig. 2 including rice production processing；
Fig. 3 includes the rice production processing industry chain of industry branch；
Fig. 4 instant noodles processing process figure；
The drying flavouring fish processing process figure of Fig. 5；
Fig. 6 peanut oil processing process figure.
Specific embodiment
Explanation that the present invention will be further explained in the form of specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, it should be pointed out that
It is that protection scope of the present invention is not limited in following embodiment, all those skilled in the art are right with spirit of the invention
The equivalent replacement that the present invention is done each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps: (1) determine industry
Chain；(2) it determines the material investment point i for thering is material to put into industrial chain, and corresponds to sampled point at investment point i, according to HACCP
It is required that other sampled points are in addition arranged；(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density, investment point a risks and assumptions content, risk index,
Degree of risk carries out risk assessment to final products；(4) early warning analysis, Gao Feng early warning: are carried out according to the assessment result of step (3)
Dangerous then enter step (5), low-risk enters next sampled point and repeats step (3)；(5) trace to the source: step (4) early warning, which enters, traces to the source
Program searches and endangers node in industrial chain, and node enters step (6) when being input investment point, and endangering node is not input
Investment point, which enters next sampled point repetition step (3), to be continued to assess；(6) rectify a deviation: in the input of adjustment investment point it is dangerous because
The content of son continues circulation step (3) after adjustment.
Embodiment 2
By taking the production and processing industrial chain of rice as an example, rice security risk online evaluation and control method concrete operation step
It is as follows:
(1) it determines rice industrial chain: industrial chain such as Fig. 2 institute including rice production processing is established according to rice processing flow
Show；
(2) determine sampled point and material investment point: sampling is arranged in the industrial chain determined according to step (1) in industrial chain
Point j, is arranged first sampled point 1 at paddy, and paddy processing is polished at second sampled point 2 is arranged before polishing after rice
Polishing agent water is third sampled point 3 in the process, is the 4th sampled point 4 with the rice being added during rice, sets at finished product
The 5th sampled point 5 is set, same sampled point double sampling interval time C is calculated；According to have in industrial chain input put into
Point is determining to put into point, and to put into point 1 at polishing in this industrial chain, matching is investment 2 at rice, and passes through sampled point 3 and sampled point 4
The input information of record investment point, predicts product Hazard factor content；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: measurement material passes through the time interval d of adjacent two sampled pointj,
2.1h is divided into from sampled point 1 to the total time of sampled point 5 herein；
Predict Hazard factor content of the product after investment point 1: polishing agent additive amount is 1%, and Hazard factor content is
B1, then by investment point 1 after Hazard factor content prediction value are as follows:
Risk index of the product after investment point 1: according to product after investment point 1 Hazard factor content mark in product
Quasi- ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after investment point 11,
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index ai, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, works as ai< 1 and F
< aiWhen, system shows low-risk, and the system prompt investment point product is less than relevant criterion, and sampling time, sampling density
Rationally, do not occur missing inspection or the unreasonable situation of sampling, be directly entered investment point 2 and repeat step (3)；
Hazard factor content of the prediction product after putting into and selecting 2: another kind rice is compounded by 1:1, then newly
The additive amount for increasing rice is 100%, and Hazard factor content is B2, then by investment point 2 after Hazard factor content prediction value are as follows:
Risk index of the product after investment point 2: according to product after investment point 2 Hazard factor content mark in product
Quasi- ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after investment point 22,
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
Early warning analysis: according to risk index a2, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, if a at this timei> 1 or F
> a2, system sending early warning；System is shown there are risk, enters step the program of tracing to the source of (7)；
(5) it traces to the source: tracing to the source to industrial chain upstream, search dangerous point；Investment 1 low-risk of point, and putting into point 2 is high wind
Danger, therefore lockout issue root is located between investment point 1 and investment point 2, it is rice that investment, which selects 2 inputs, therefore is checked first
Investment selects the associated sample data of put into rice at 2, if finding out matched rice there are problem, system prompt needs to handle, directly
It connects and enters step (8), if there is no problem for matched rice, it was demonstrated that the detection of intermediate samples point or sampling density have exception, do not need
Proportioned material is handled, sampling density is adjusted or enters next sampled point repetition step (3)；
(6) rectify a deviation: the matched rice type of adjustment selects the lower rice type of Hazard factor content to carry out with rice, then
It repeats step (3).
Such circulation step (3)-(6), form the closed network back and forth carried out, each series between step (3) and step (6)
According to cloud platform is uploaded to for checking in time, searching endangers source.
Hazard factor in the present embodiment is heavy metal, aflatoxin, Escherichia coli, pesticide residue etc..
Investment point input information include input type, input ratio, investment point a title, Hazard factor content,
Sampling time, sampling period.
Before investment point, 1 sampled point is arranged at least each investment point for sampled point setting, and sampling number is more than or equal to investment
The data of points, each sampled point acquisition are uploaded to cloud platform, can enter cloud platform by inquiry system when risk occurs in system,
The related data for recalling each sampled point and investment point achievees the purpose that rapidly find out harm point.
Embodiment 3
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, process flow are as shown in Figure 1.The food safety risk
Online evaluation and control method apply online evaluation and control with content of beary metal in rice, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining industrial chain of the food from source to dining table including food production processing technology；With
And the industry branch including all inputs, as shown in Figure 3；
(2) sampled point and material investment point are determined: the material investment point for having material to put into process is listed, in industry
In main chain, material investment is selected for polishing and with rice, and material investment, which is selected, in industry branch is similarly polishing and matches rice；Industry main chain
Sampled point setting is same as Example 2, and each processing node is disposed as sampled point in industry branch, and position is arranged such as in sampled point
Shown in Fig. 3；Calculate identical sampled point double sampling interval time C；The input information of record investment point；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: material is by between the time of adjacent two sampled point on measurement industry branch
Every dj, it is 2.1h that rice, which is initially processed as matched rice total time from paddy, on the line, i.e.,
Sampling time interval is respectively set to 0.3h, 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2.0h, 2.5h, 3.0h,
3.5h, 4.0h；
Different sampling stages, sampling density are respectively 7,4.2,2.1,1.4,1.05,0.84,0.7,0.6,0.525, prediction
Hazard factor content of the product after investment point 21: the Hazard factor content B in input water herein21With input percentage
Example 1% calculates Hazard factor content Z, Z of the material after investment point 210It is endangered in rice before being put into for first input
The content of the factor, the numerical value can be obtained from the sampled point data obtained of front:
Calculate risk index of the product after investment point 21: according to product after investment point 21 Hazard factor in product
Content standard ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after investment point 21i, Z hereinBIt is for heavy metal Cd national standard in rice
0.2mg/kg, raw material paddy Cd content are that Cd assay value of the 0.060mg/kg after shelling in brown rice is 0.076mg/
Kg, is 0.052mg/kg by the resulting metal Cd content of rice node post-sampling, and sampled point 27 collects in polishing agent water
Heavy metal Cd content is 0.2mg/kg；The then heavy metal Cd content in system prediction final products are as follows:
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 1 below:
ρ, C, F value at 1 this example industry branch of table investment point 21
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 |
| ρ | 7 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.525 |
| F | 0.038 | 0.064 | 0.127 | 0.19 | 0.254 | 0.318 | 0.381 | 0.445 | 0.509 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a21, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, when C is less than 2.0
When, system obtains a at this time21< 1 and F < a21, system shows low-risk, is directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；
When C is greater than 2.0, there are risks to enter step (5) for system prompt；
(5) it traces to the source: tracing to the source to industrial chain upstream, search dangerous point；From inquiry system enter cloud platform transfer it is each
The data of sampled point find that Cd content is higher in the water used in polishing process, but the adhesion amount of polishing agent water is smaller, herein water
Danger without control, therefore next investment point can be directly entered and repeat step (3), simultaneity factor prompt risk is due to sampling
Time interval is more than material by whole time interval, therefore can increase sampled point to reduce risk；
With repetition step (3) at rice investment point 22；
(3) risk assessment: if heavy metal Cd content is 0.37mg/ml in collected the matched rice of sampled point, system is pre-
Survey the final content of beary metal of product are as follows:
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 2 below at this time:
ρ, C, F value at 2 this example industry branch of table investment point 22
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 |
| ρ | 7.000 | 4.200 | 2.100 | 1.400 | 1.050 | 0.840 | 0.700 | 0.600 | 0.525 |
| F | 0.151 | 0.251 | 0.502 | 0.754 | 1.005 | 1.256 | 1.507 | 1.758 | 2.010 |
(4) early warning analysis:
According to risk index a22, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, when C is less than 2.0, system at this time
Obtain a22> 1, system show high risk；System prompt F is always greater than a at this time22, risk is unrelated with sampling time and frequency at this time,
System prompt enters step (5) and traces to the source program；
(5) it traces to the source: entering each sampled point from inquiry system, transfer sample point data, system is shown before sampled point 27
Low-risk, then problem, which goes out, is matching meter Cheng Xu, recalls with rice process rice related data, it is found that heavy metal Cd is super in rice at this
Mark needs processing then to enter step (6) correction program；
(6) rectify a deviation: the ratio or replacement input rice variety of adjustment upstream input rice repeat step after adjustment
(3)。
Food safety risk online evaluation in all industry branches is identical as control method step.
For the investment point 1 on industry main chain,
Sampling density ρ: material passes through the time interval d of adjacent two sampled point on measurement industry branchj, on the line rice from
For 2.1h, i.e., paddy is initially processed as matched rice total time
Sampling time is respectively set to 0.3h, 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2.0h, 2.5h, 3.0h, 3.5h,
4.0h；
Different sampling stages, sampling density are respectively 7,4.2,2.1,1.4,1.05,0.84,0.7,0.6,0.525, prediction
Hazard factor content of the product after investment point 1: the Hazard factor content B in input water herein1With input percentage
Example 1% calculates Hazard factor content Z, Z of the material after investment point 10Endangered in rice before being put into for first input because
The content of son, the numerical value can be obtained from the sampled point data obtained of front:
Calculate risk index of the product after investment point 1: according to product, Hazard factor contains in product after investment point 1
Amount standard ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after investment point 1i, Z hereinBIt is for heavy metal Cd national standard in rice
0.2mg/kg, if the data of each sampled point acquisition are as follows: raw material paddy Cd content is 0.060mg/kg；After shelling in brown rice
Cd assay value be 0.076mg/kg；It is 0.052mg/kg by the resulting metal Cd content of rice node post-sampling, adopts
It is 0.087mg/kg that sampling point 3, which collects the heavy metal Cd content in polishing agent water,；The then heavy metal in system prediction final products
Cd content are as follows:
The forecasting risk factor are as follows:
System prediction contamination hazard degree: calculating Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 3 below:
ρ, C, F value at 3 this example industry branch of table investment point 1
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 |
| ρ | 7 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.525 |
| F | 0.037 | 0.062 | 0.124 | 0.186 | 0.249 | 0.311 | 0.373 | 0.435 | 0.497 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a1, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, when C is less than 2.0
When, system obtains a at this time1< 1 and F < a1, system shows low-risk, is directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；Work as C
When greater than 2.0, there are risks to enter step (5) for system prompt；
(5) trace to the source: entering cloud platform called data from inquiry system, do not find out abnormal data, system prompt risk due to
Sampling time interval is more than material by whole time interval, therefore can increase sampled point to reduce risk；It repeats to walk later
Suddenly (3) enter next investment point risk assessment；
(3) risk assessment: being calculated with rice ratio by 1:1, the content of beary metal at prediction investment point 2 are as follows:
The forecasting risk factor are as follows:
System prediction contamination hazard degree: calculating Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 4 below:
ρ, C, F value at 4 this example industry branch of table investment point 2
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 |
| ρ | 7 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 1.05 | 0.84 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.525 |
| F | 0.0093 | 0.0155 | 0.0310 | 0.0466 | 0.0621 | 0.0776 | 0.0931 | 0.1087 | 0.1242 |
(4) early warning analysis:
According to risk index a1, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, when C is less than 2.0, system at this time
Obtain a2< 1 and F < a2, system shows low-risk, is directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；When C is greater than 2.0,
There are risks to enter step (5) for system prompt；
(5) it traces to the source: entering cloud platform called data from inquiry system, find out with there are abnormal data, system prompts at rice
Whether handled, processing is needed then to enter step (6)；
(6) rectify a deviation: adjustment replaces the lesser rice of heavy metal Cd content as formula with matched rice variety in meter Jie Dian
Rice, while sampling density can be increased, the moment carries out risk assessment, avoids the rice variety due to high risk to final rice product
Lead to irreversible influence.
Embodiment 4
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, process flow chart are as shown in Figure 1.This method can be used for
The detection of heavy metal lead in instant noodles.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining instant noodles processing process figure, as shown in Figure 4；
(2) sampled point and material investment point are determined: listing the material investment point for having material to put into process, material is thrown
Access point is with face and face, frying；It is flour, tapioca, cornstarch with face program input；It is with face process input
Salt water, the critical control point according to the HACCP food safety determined are with powder and face, fried three process；Each input investment
Point is sampled point with critical control point, and two sampled points in addition can be arranged more, and sampled point setting is as shown in Figure 4；Calculate identical adopt
Sampling point double sampling interval time C；The input information of record investment point；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: material passes through the time interval of adjacent two sampled point in measurement industrial chain
dj, flour is 1.0h from institute's instant noodles total time is initially processed as with powder on the line, i.e.,
Sampling time is respectively set to 0.3h, 0.5h, 1.0h, 1.5h, 2.0h, 2.5h, 3.0h, 3.5h,
4.0h；
Hazard factor content of the prediction product after putting into and selecting 1: the harm in instant noodles herein is set therefore as heavy metal
Lead, input tapioca ratio accounts for the 3% of flour herein, and wherein content of heavy metal lead 0.15mg/kg, cornstarch are thrown for detection
Enter 6% that ratio is flour, wherein content of beary metal is 0.18mg/kg for detection；Content of beary metal is 0.21mg/kg in flour；
Calculate Hazard factor content Z, Z of the material after investment point 10For 0.21mg/kg；
Calculate risk index of the product after investment point 1: according to product, Hazard factor contains in product after investment point 1
Amount standard ZB, according to GB2762-2017, ZBFor 0.2mg/kg, risk index a of the material after investment point 1 is calculatedi, with behind face
Content of heavy metal lead in raw material is
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 5 below:
ρ, C, F value at 5 this example industry branch of table investment point 1
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 |
| ρ | 3.33 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.33 |
| F | 0.310 | 0.517 | 1.034 | 1.550 | 2.067 | 2.584 | 3.101 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a1, the size judgement Hazard factor of contamination hazard degree F value, system display F
> a1, system show high risk, enter step (5)；
(5) it traces to the source: tracing to the source to industrial chain upstream, search dangerous point；From inquiry system enter cloud platform transfer it is each
The data of sampled point find that lead content is higher in used flour, enters step (6) and carries out correction operation,
(6) rectify a deviation: replacement flour or the industrial chain done into flour find out problem source, repeat step (3) after adjustment.
Food safety risk online evaluation and control method in industrial chain where flour processing is identical as above-mentioned steps.
Risk after correction at investment point 1 reduces, and is low-risk at system display investment point 1, then can enter second and adopt
Sampling point repeats step (3).
The investment ratio of input salt water is 27% at investment point 2, and the content of heavy metal lead is 0.001mg/kg in water, if
Adjusting content of heavy metal lead in powder below is 0.15mg/kg, and the content of heavy metal lead in other raw materials is constant, then by investment point
Content of beary metal after 1 are as follows:
The content of the heavy metal lead in product after investment point 2 are as follows:
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value at investment point 2 is as shown in table 6 below:
ρ, C, F value at 6 this example industry branch of table investment point 2
| C | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 |
| ρ | 3.33 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 0.67 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.33 |
| F | 0.194 | 0.323 | 0.646 | 0.969 | 1.292 | 1.615 | 1.938 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a2, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, system when C≤1
Show a2< 1 and F < a2, system display low-risk；Step (3) are repeated into next sampled point；As C=1.5, a2< 1, F
> a2System shows that product is up to standard, but sampling density is too low, and (5) are entered step if it need to increase sampling density；It is not required to increase and adopt
Sample density is then directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；
(5) it traces to the source: upstream tracing to the source, check sampling density reduces since where, it is found that system is shown low at sampled point 1
Risk, sampling density is reasonable, reduces sampling density from sampled point 2, therefore enters step (6) and rectify a deviation；
(6) it rectifies a deviation: increasing the sampling density from sampled point 2 since sampled point 2, it is ensured that sampling density is closed at sampled point 2
Reason, system show low-risk, repeat step (3) into next sampled point.
Embodiment 5
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, process flow chart are as shown in Figure 1.This method can be used for
The early warning and analysis of Escherichia coli in marinated flavor fish.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining marinated flavor fish processing process figure, as shown in Figure 5；
(2) sampled point and material investment point are determined: listing the material investment point for having material to put into process, material is thrown
Access point is marinated, seasoning；Marinated program input is pickled material --- the pickled materials such as salt, Chinese prickly ash, illiciumverum, cooking wine；Season process
Input is the seasonings such as capsicum, edible oil, cumin powder, sesame, garlic, Chinese prickly ash, and seasoning is usually mixed with pickled material herein
After use, therefore input calculates a kind of mixture, the critical control point according to the HACCP food safety determined be it is marinated, air-dried,
Seasoning, four procedures of sterilizing；Each input investment point is set as sampled point with critical control point, and sampled point setting is as shown in Figure 5；
Calculate identical sampled point double sampling interval time C；The input information of record investment point；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: material passes through the time interval of adjacent two sampled point in measurement industrial chain
dj, it is 38h that raw material fish, which is initially processed as half-dried flavor fish total time from raw material, on the line, i.e.,
Sampling time is respectively set to 2h, 5h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, for 24 hours, 28h, 32h, 36h, 40h；
Hazard factor content of the prediction product after investment point 1: the Hazard factor in air-drying fish herein is set as large intestine bar
Bacterium, input pickled material ratio accounts for the 6% of fish body weight herein, and sampled point 2 detects E. CoIi content in pickled material and is up to
0cfu/g；The highest predicted value as E. CoIi content in product of E. CoIi content, sampling are selected in five independent samples
E. CoIi content is 50cfu/g in fish body after 1 measurement stripping and slicing of point；Calculate Hazard factor content of the material after investment point 1
Z1, Z0It is 50cfu/g by subject to the actually detected data of sampled point 4；
Calculate risk index of the product after investment point 2: according to product, Hazard factor contains in product after investment point 1
Amount standard ZB, according to GB10136-2015, ZBFor 100cfu/g, risk index a of the material after investment point 1 is calculatedi, pickle
E. CoIi content in product is predicted afterwards are as follows:
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 7 below:
ρ, C, F value at 7 this example industry branch of table investment point 1
| C | 2 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 |
| ρ | 19.00 | 7.60 | 4.75 | 3.17 | 2.38 | 1.90 | 1.36 | 1.19 | 1.06 | 0.95 |
| F | 0.025 | 0.062 | 0.099 | 0.149 | 0.199 | 0.248 | 0.348 | 0.397 | 0.447 | 0.497 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a1, the size judgement Hazard factor of contamination hazard degree F value, system display a1
< 1 and F < a1, system shows low-risk, into next sampled point 3 repetition step (3)；
If sampled point 3 repeats step (3), step (4), system shows low-risk afterwards, enters sampled point 5 and repeats step
(3), sampled point 5 is investment point 2, and repeatedly step (3), repetitive process are as follows at this point:
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: material passes through the time interval of adjacent two sampled point in measurement industrial chain
dj, the line upper half do flavor fish from raw material fish be initially processed as half-dried flavor fish total time be 38h, i.e.,
Sampling time is respectively set to 2h, 5h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, for 24 hours, 28h, 32h, 36h, 40h；
Hazard factor content of the prediction product after investment point 2: the Hazard factor in air-drying fish herein is set as large intestine bar
Bacterium, herein input seasoning ratio account for processing after fish 6%, sampled point 2 detection seasoning in E. CoIi content be not detected for
5cfu/g；The highest predicted value as E. CoIi content in product of E. CoIi content, sampling are selected in five independent samples
E. CoIi content is 25cfu/g in fish body after 4 measurement cleaning of point；Calculate Hazard factor content of the material after investment point 2
The measured value that Z2, Z1 use sampled point 4 detected is 25cfu/g；
Calculate risk index of the product after investment point 1: according to product, Hazard factor contains in product after investment point 1
Amount standard ZB, according to GB10136-2015, ZBFor 100cfu/g, risk index a of the material after investment point 2 is calculated2, pickle
E. CoIi content in product is predicted afterwards are as follows:
System prediction risks and assumptions are as follows:
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 8 below:
ρ, C, F value at 8 this example industry branch of table investment point 2
| C | 2 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 28 | 32 | 36 | 40 |
| ρ | 19.00 | 7.60 | 4.75 | 3.17 | 2.38 | 1.90 | 1.36 | 1.19 | 1.06 | 0.95 |
| F | 0.014 | 0.035 | 0.056 | 0.083 | 0.111 | 0.139 | 0.195 | 0.222 | 0.250 | 0.278 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a1, the size judgement Hazard factor of contamination hazard degree F value, system display a1
< 1 and F < a1, system shows low-risk, into next sampled point 3 repetition step (3).
Embodiment 6
A kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, process flow chart are as shown in Figure 1.This method can be used for
The early warning and analysis of aflatoxin content in peanut oil.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining peanut oil processing process figure, as shown in Figure 6；
(2) sampled point and material investment point are determined: listing the material investment point for having material to put into process, material is thrown
Access point is edible vegetable oil process, and addition inaction water, this process is aquation scouring processes；According to the key of the HACCP food safety determined
Control point is to steam embryo, fry embryo, three procedure of edible vegetable oil；It is further added by raw material detection, therefore sampled point, squeezing are set in broken process
Sampled point is arranged in process, and sampled point setting is as shown in Figure 6；Calculate identical sampled point double sampling interval time C；Record investment
The input information of point；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: material passes through the time interval of adjacent two sampled point in measurement industrial chain
dj, it is 1.8h that raw material fish, which is initially processed as half-dried flavor fish total time from raw material, on the line, i.e.,
Sampling time is respectively set to 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h；
Prediction product through investment select 1 after Hazard factor (aflatoxin) content: the harm in peanut oil herein because
Son is aflatoxin, and input water ratio accounts for the 100% of Quality of Peanut Oil herein, and sampled point 1 detects aflatoxin in water
For 0ppb；Aflatoxin in Peanut byHigh content is 10ppb after the measurement of sampled point 1 is broken；It calculates material and puts the Huang after 1 after testing
Aspertoxin content Z0, Z0=10ppb, the aflatoxin content Z through oversampled points 21For
Since product is put into without input through oversampled points 1- sampled point 4, Huang of the raw material after investment point 4 is bent
Mould toxin predicted value is Z0=10ppb, and risk index is identical.
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
ρ, C, F value are as shown in table 7 below:
ρ, C, F value at 8 this example industry branch test point 1- test point 4 of table
| C | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 |
| ρ | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 |
| F | 0.139 | 0.278 | 0.417 | 0.556 |
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index a1, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, and system shows a1
< 1 and F < a1, system show low-risk, repeat step (3) into next sampled point.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation and control method, which comprises the following steps: (1) determine industry
Chain, (2) determine the material investment point i for having material to put into and sampled point in industrial chain, and the point for each having input to put into is simultaneously
Sampled point is set；(3) sampling density, investment point risks and assumptions content, risk index, degree of risk risk assessment: are calculated to most
Finished product carries out risk assessment；(4) early warning: early warning analysis is carried out according to the assessment result of step (3), high risk then enters step
(5), low-risk enters next sampled point repetition step (3)；(5) it traces to the source: entering program of tracing to the source after step (4) early warning, search
Node is endangered in industrial chain, is endangered point needs processing and is entered step (6), endangers node and do not need processing repetition step (3) continuation
Assessment；(6) rectify a deviation: the content of risk factor in the input of adjustment investment point continues circulation step (3) after adjustment.
2. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as described in claim 1 and control method, which is characterized in that concrete operations
Steps are as follows:
(1) it determines industrial chain: determining industrial chain of the food from source to dining table including food production processing technology；
(2) determine sampled point and material investment point: sampled point j is arranged in the industrial chain determined according to step (1) in industrial chain,
Calculate double sampling interval time Cj, j > 1；Determine that investment point i, record are thrown according to the point for thering is input to put into industrial chain
The input information of access point i predicts product Hazard factor content；
(3) risk assessment: calculate sampling density ρ: measurement material passes through the time interval of adjacent two sampled points j-1 and sampled point j
dj,
Sampling density
Predict Hazard factor content of the product after putting into point i: according to the Hazard factor content B in each input investment pointiWith
Input percentage AiCalculate Hazard factor content Z, Z of the material after putting into point ii-1To endanger in product before investment point i
The content of noxa:
Calculate risk index of the product after putting into point i: according to product after putting into point i Hazard factor content mark in product
Quasi- ZB, calculate risk index a of the material after putting into point ii,
Determine contamination hazard degree: Hazard factor contamination hazard degree F calculated according to sampling density and risk index,
(4) early warning analysis: according to risk index ai, the size of contamination hazard degree F value determines Hazard factor, works as ai< 1 and F < ai
When, system shows low-risk, is directly entered next sampled point and repeats step (3)；Otherwise system prompt enters step (5)；
(5) it traces to the source: tracing to the source to industrial chain upstream, search dangerous point；Needs processing in dangerous point enters step (6), and danger is not
It needs processing to enter next sampled point and repeats step (3)；
(6) it rectifies a deviation: risk factor content in adjustment upstream input, then repeatedly step (3).
3. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and control method, which is characterized in that described
Risk factor includes heavy metal, aflatoxin, Escherichia coli, pesticide residue.
4. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and control method, which is characterized in that described
Industry main chain of the industrial chain including ultimate food production technology and including input i production technology in step (1)
Industry branch.
5. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 2 and control method, which is characterized in that the investment
Hazard factor content standard includes national standard in point product, professional standard, company standard.
6. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and control method, which is characterized in that described
It includes Hazard factor content that sampled point, which acquires data,.
7. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and control method, which is characterized in that investment
The input information of point i includes input type, input ratio, investment point title, Hazard factor content, the sampling time, adopts
The sample period.
8. a kind of food safety risk online evaluation as claimed in claim 2 and control method, which is characterized in that the Zi-1
Gained or system prediction resulting value are detected for sampled point.
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