CN108938018A - A kind of orthopaedics replacement knee mirror joint dilator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an orthopedic knee arthroscopic joint spreader, which comprises a fixed block, a first cavity is arranged in the fixed block, and a first rolling bearing is embedded in the bottom of the first cavity, and a first rolling bearing is sheathed in the first rolling bearing. There is a first rotating rod, the top of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear meshes with two second helical gears, and the opposite sides of the two second helical gears are fixedly connected with a second bevel gear. Rotating rods, the ends of the two second rotating rods away from the second helical gear are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through the second rolling bearings, the outer wall of the second rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with the first gear, the first The gear meshes with a second gear, the second gear is provided with a first threaded rod, and the opposite ends of the two first threaded rods are respectively rotationally connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through a third rolling bearing. The invention can conveniently stretch the arthroscopic joint of the knee, and at the same time, it can be convenient for the doctor to repair the patient.

Description

A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic joint spreader

technical field

The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical technology, in particular to an orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader.

Background technique

Orthopedics is one of the most common departments in major hospitals. It mainly studies the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the musculoskeletal system, and uses drugs, surgery and physical methods to maintain and develop the normal shape and function of this system. The lateral condyle is composed of the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia and the patella. It is the largest joint in the human body with the most complex structure and more chances of injury. It belongs to the trochlear joint, and the joint capsule is thin and loose. There are ligaments around the patella, the front is called the patellar ligament, the rear is reinforced by the popliteal oblique ligament, the medial side is the tibial collateral ligament, and the outer side is the peroneal collateral ligament. Left and right, known as the suprapatellar bursa, on both sides of the inferior part of the patella, the synovial membrane forms folds, protruding into the joint cavity, and the folds are filled with fat and blood vessels, called pterygoid folds, arthroscopy is a method to observe the internal structure of the joint with a diameter of about 5mm The rod-shaped optical instrument is an endoscope used for the diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. This instrument has been popularized and applied since 1970. The arthroscope is equipped with a lens at the end of a thin tube, and the thin tube is inserted into the joint. The structure will be displayed on the monitor, so the internal structure of the joint can be directly observed. Arthroscopy is not only used for disease diagnosis, but also has been widely used in the treatment of joint diseases. Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgery. At the beginning, it was mainly applied to the knee joint, and then it was successively applied to the hip joint, shoulder joint, ankle joint, elbow joint and small joints such as fingers.

In the arthroscopic repair of knee articular cartilage without damage but meniscus posterior horn damage, there are more patients with meniscus posterior horn injury with joint fascicle contracture, difficult exposure of the meniscus posterior horn, and operation time It is long, difficult to operate, and increases local damage. The old technology is extremely complicated and has narrow indications. It can only be stretched between the intercondylar fossa and the intercondylar eminence. The effect of distraction is poor, and the damage to the patient is greater. And operation is inconvenient, has reduced doctor's working efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that many patients with the posterior angle of the meniscus in the prior art are accompanied by contracture of the joint bundle, the posterior angle of the meniscus is difficult to expose, the operation time is long, the operation is difficult, and the local damage is increased. The technology is extremely complicated, the indications are narrow, and it can only be stretched between the intercondylar fossa and the intercondylar prominence. An orthopedic arthroscopic arthroscope.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader, comprising a fixed block, a first cavity is arranged inside the fixed block, and a first rolling bearing is embedded in the bottom of the first cavity, and a first rolling bearing is sleeved inside the first rolling bearing. A rotating rod, the top of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear is meshed with two second helical gears, and the opposite sides of the two second helical gears are fixed The second rotating rod is connected, and the ends of the two second rotating rods away from the second helical gear are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through the second rolling bearing. The outer wall of the second rotating rod is fixed to A first gear is provided, and the first gear meshes with a second gear. The second gear is sleeved with a first threaded rod, and the opposite ends of the two first threaded rods are respectively connected to the first threaded rod through a third rolling bearing. The left and right sides of a cavity are rotationally connected, one end of the first threaded rod is threadedly connected with a threaded barrel, and the end of the threaded barrel away from the first threaded rod is fixedly connected with a first support block, and the first support block The top is fixedly connected with a strut, the top of the first cavity is provided with a strip opening corresponding to the strut, the left and right sides of the fixed block are fixedly connected with a second support block, and the second support block There is a supporting mechanism on the top.

Preferably, a first rotating block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating rod.

Preferably, sharp thorns are fixedly connected to the top of the strut.

Preferably, the support mechanism includes a first support rod fixedly connected to the top of the second support block, a second cavity is provided in the first support rod, and a second support rod is provided in the second cavity, so The top of the second support rod passes through the top of the second cavity and extends outward, a fourth rolling bearing is embedded on one side of the first support rod, and a third rotating rod is sleeved inside the fourth rolling bearing, so One end of the third rotating rod is fixedly connected with a third bevel gear, the third bevel gear meshes with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is inner sleeved with a second threaded rod, and the second threaded rod is The bottom is rotatably connected to the bottom of the second cavity through the fifth rolling bearing, the bottom of the second support rod is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is threadedly connected with the second threaded rod, and the top of the second support rod is fixedly connected with The third support block, the left and right sides of the first support rod are fixedly connected with a third support rod, the top of the third support rod is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic rod, and the top of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a pressure piece.

Preferably, the elastic telescopic rod includes an outer rod, the outer rod is provided with a third cavity, and the third cavity is provided with a spring and an inner rod, and the two ends of the spring are connected to the third cavity respectively. The side wall is fixedly connected with one end of the inner rod, the end of the inner rod away from the spring passes through the top of the third cavity and extends outward, the bottom of the outer rod is fixedly connected with the top of the third support rod, and the inner rod is fixedly connected with the top of the third support rod. The top of the rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure block.

Preferably, the left and right sides of the second support rod are fixedly connected with sliders, and the left and right sides of the second cavity are provided with slide grooves matched with the sliders.

Preferably, the end of the third rotating rod away from the third bevel gear is fixedly connected with a second rotating block.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. The orthopedic knee arthroscopic joint spreader is equipped with a fixed block, a first rotating rod, a second rotating rod, a threaded rod, a threaded cylinder, a strut and a sharp thorn, and it can perform arthroscopic arthroscopy on the patient's knee when needed. When stretching, fix the spreader, adjust it to a suitable position, insert the sharp thorn into the human body, and turn the first rotating block, the first rotating block drives the first rotating rod to rotate in the first rolling bearing, and the first rotating rod drives the second One bevel gear rotates, the first bevel gear drives the two second bevel gears to rotate, the two second bevel gears drive the two second rotating rods to rotate in the two second rolling bearings, and the two second rotating rods drive the two second rotating rods to rotate One gear rotates, the two first gears drive the two second gears to rotate, the two second gears drive the two first threaded rods to rotate in the third rolling bearing, the two first threaded rods pull the two threaded barrels, the two The threaded cylinder pulls the first support block, and the two first support blocks pull the two struts away from each other to spread the knee arthroscopy joint, which can facilitate the knee arthroscopy joint expansion and avoid more damage to the posterior angle of the meniscus For patients with joint bundle contracture, it is difficult to expose the posterior horn of the meniscus, the operation time is long, the operation is difficult, and the local damage is increased. The old technology is extremely complicated and the indications are narrow. The effect of stretching is poor, the damage to the patient is relatively large, and the operation is inconvenient, which reduces the problem of the doctor's work efficiency.

2. The orthopedic knee arthroscopic joint spreader is equipped with a support mechanism and an elastic telescopic rod. When the patient's knee arthroscopy joint needs to be stretched, the two support mechanisms are respectively placed on the left and right sides of the patient's joint. Align the pole to the position to be stretched, turn the second rotating block, the second rotating block drives the third rotating rod to rotate in the fourth rolling bearing, the third rotating rod drives the third bevel gear to rotate, the third bevel gear Drive the fourth bevel gear to rotate, the fourth bevel gear drives the second threaded rod to rotate in the fifth rolling bearing, the second threaded rod drives the second support rod to slide in the chute through the slider, when the sharp pierces the skin, press The block is opposed to the third support block, the pressing block squeezes the inner rod, the inner rod squeezes the spring, the spring shrinks inwardly, and drives the inner rod to stretch into the outer rod, which can facilitate the doctor to repair the patient.

The parts not involved in the device are the same as the prior art or can be realized by adopting the prior art. The present invention can facilitate the expansion of the arthroscopic joint of the knee, and at the same time, it is convenient for the doctor to repair the patient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of orthopedic knee arthroscope arthroscope proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of part A of a kind of orthopedic knee arthroscope arthroscope proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of part B of a kind of orthopedic knee arthroscope arthroscope proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an elastic telescopic rod of an orthopedic knee arthroscope arthroscope proposed by the present invention.

In the figure: 1 fixed block, 2 first rotating rod, 3 first bevel gear, 4 second bevel gear, 5 second rotating rod, 6 first gear, 7 second gear, 8 first threaded rod, 9 threaded cylinder , 10 first support block, 11 strut, 12 second support block, 13 support mechanism, 14 first rotating block, 15 sharp thorn, 16 first support rod, 17 second support rod, 18 third rotating rod, 19 The 3rd bevel gear, 20 the 4th bevel gear, 21 second threaded rods, 22 the 3rd support blocks, 23 the 3rd support rods, 24 elastic expansion rods, 25 briquetting blocks, 26 outer rods, 27 springs, 28 inner rods, 29 Slide block, 30 chutes, 31 second rotating blocks.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, so as to Specific orientation configurations and operations, therefore, are not to be construed as limitations on the invention.

Referring to Figures 1-4, an orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscope includes a fixed block 1, a first cavity is provided in the fixed block 1, and a first rolling bearing is embedded in the bottom of the first cavity, and the first The inner sleeve of the rolling bearing is provided with a first rotating rod 2, the bottom of the first rotating rod 2 is fixedly connected with a first rotating block 14, which can easily rotate the first rotating rod 2, and the top of the first rotating rod 2 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 3. The first bevel gear 3 meshes with two second helical gears 4, and the opposite sides of the two second helical gears 4 are fixedly connected with the second rotating rod 5, and the two second rotating rods 5 are far away from the second bevel gear. One end of the gear 4 is respectively connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through the second rolling bearing. The outer wall of the second rotating rod 5 is fixedly sleeved with the first gear 6, and the first gear 6 is meshed with the second gear 7. The inner sleeve of the second gear 7 is provided with first threaded rods 8, and the opposite ends of the two first threaded rods 8 are respectively rotationally connected with the left and right sides of the first cavity through third rolling bearings, and one end of the first threaded rods 8 is threaded. There is a threaded barrel 9, the end of the threaded barrel 9 away from the first threaded rod 8 is fixedly connected with a first support block 10, the top of the first support block 10 is fixedly connected with a strut 11, and the top of the strut 11 is fixedly connected with a sharp thorn 15 , it is convenient to extend the strut 11 into the knee arthroscopic joint, the top of the first cavity is provided with a strip-shaped opening corresponding to the strut 11, and the left and right sides of the fixed block 1 are fixedly connected with the second support block 12 , the top of the second support block 12 is provided with a support mechanism 13, the support mechanism 13 includes a first support rod 16 fixedly connected to the top of the second support block 12, the first support rod 16 is provided with a second cavity, and the second The cavity is provided with a second support rod 17, the left and right sides of the second support rod 17 are fixedly connected with sliders 29, and the left and right sides of the second cavity are provided with chute 30 matched with the slider 29, It is convenient for the second support rod 17 to slide up and down. The top of the second support rod 17 passes through the top of the second cavity and extends outward. One side of the first support rod 16 is embedded with a fourth rolling bearing, and the inside of the fourth rolling bearing The third rotating rod 18 is sleeved, and the third rotating rod 18 is fixedly connected with a second rotating block 31 at an end away from the third bevel gear 19, which can easily rotate the third rotating rod 18, and one end of the third rotating rod 18 is fixedly connected with a The third bevel gear 19, the third bevel gear 19 meshes with the fourth bevel gear 20, the fourth bevel gear 20 is sleeved with a second threaded rod 21, the bottom of the second threaded rod 21 is connected to the second cavity through the fifth rolling bearing The bottom of the second support rod 17 is rotationally connected, the bottom of the second support rod 17 is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is threadedly connected with the second threaded rod 21, the top of the second support rod 17 is fixedly connected with a third support block 22, and the first support rod 16 The left and right sides of each are fixedly connected with a third support rod 23, the top of the third support rod 23 is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic rod 24, the elastic telescopic rod 24 includes an outer rod 26, and the outer rod 26 is provided with a third cavity, and The third cavity is provided with a spring 27 and an inner rod 28, and the two ends of the spring 27 are fixedly connected with the side wall of the third cavity and an end of the inner rod 28 respectively, and the end of the inner rod 28 away from the spring 27 passes through the third cavity. cavity top And extend outwards, the bottom of the outer rod 26 is fixedly connected with the top of the third support rod 23, and the top of the inner rod 28 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the briquetting block 25. To cause unnecessary damage, the top of the elastic telescopic rod 24 is fixedly connected with a pressure block 25, which can support the strut 11 conveniently.

In the present invention, when the patient's knee arthroscopic joint needs to be stretched, the spreader is fixed, adjusted to a suitable position, the sharp thorn 15 is inserted into the human body, and the first rotating block 14 is rotated, and the first rotating block 14 drives The first rotating rod 2 rotates in the first rolling bearing, the first rotating rod 2 drives the first bevel gear 3 to rotate, the first bevel gear 3 drives the two second bevel gears 4 to rotate, and the two second bevel gears 4 drive the two The second rotating rod 5 rotates in the two second rolling bearings, the two second rotating rods 5 drive the rotation of the two first gears 6, the two first gears 6 drive the rotation of the two second gears 7, and the two second gears 7 drives the two first threaded rods 8 to rotate in the third rolling bearing, the two first threaded rods 8 pull the two threaded cylinders 9, the two threaded cylinders 9 pull the first support block 10, and the two first support blocks 10 pull The two struts 11 are far away from each other to stretch the arthroscope joint of the knee, which can facilitate the arthroscopy joint of the knee to be stretched. On the left and right sides of the joint, align the strut 11 to the position that needs to be stretched, and rotate the second rotating block 31, the second rotating block 31 drives the third rotating rod 18 to rotate in the fourth rolling bearing, and the third rotating rod 18 drives The third bevel gear 19 rotates, the third bevel gear 19 drives the fourth bevel gear 20 to rotate, the fourth bevel gear 20 drives the second threaded rod 21 to rotate in the fifth rolling bearing, and the second threaded rod 21 drives the second support rod 17 to pass The slide block 19 slides in the chute 20, and when the sharp stab 15 breaks the skin, the briquetting block 25 is against the third support block 22, and the briquetting block 25 extrudes the inner rod 28, and the inner rod 28 extrudes the spring 27, and the spring 27 faces The inner contraction drives the inner rod 28 into the outer rod 26, which is convenient for the doctor to repair the patient.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader, comprise fixed block (1), it is characterized in that, be provided with first cavity in described fixed block (1), and the bottom of first cavity is embedded with the first cavity. A rolling bearing, and the inner sleeve of the first rolling bearing is provided with a first rotating rod (2), the top of the first rotating rod (2) is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (3), and the first bevel gear (3) Two second helical gears (4) are meshed, and the opposite sides of the two second helical gears (4) are fixedly connected with second rotating rods (5), and the two second rotating rods (5) ) one end away from the second helical gear (4) is respectively connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through the second rolling bearing, and the outer wall of the second rotating rod (5) is fixedly sleeved with the first gear (6) , the first gear (6) is meshed with a second gear (7), the second gear (7) is sleeved with a first threaded rod (8), and the two first threaded rods (8) are opposite to each other One end of each is connected to the left and right sides of the first cavity through the third rolling bearing, and one end of the first threaded rod (8) is threaded with a threaded cylinder (9), and the threaded cylinder (9) is far away from the first One end of the threaded rod (8) is fixedly connected with a first support block (10), the top of the first support block (10) is fixedly connected with a strut (11), and the top of the first cavity is provided with a brace The bar-shaped opening corresponding to the rod (11), the left and right sides of the fixed block (1) are fixedly connected with a second support block (12), and the top of the second support block (12) is provided with a support mechanism ( 13). 2 . The orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader according to claim 1 , characterized in that, a first rotating block ( 14 ) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rotating rod ( 2 ). 3 . 3. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the strut (11) is fixedly connected with a sharp thorn (15). 4. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, the support mechanism (13) comprises a first support rod (16) fixedly connected to the top of the second support block (12) ), the first support rod (16) is provided with a second cavity, and the second cavity is provided with a second support rod (17), and the top of the second support rod (17) passes through the second The top of the cavity extends outwards, a fourth rolling bearing is embedded on one side of the first support rod (16), and a third rotating rod (18) is sleeved in the fourth rolling bearing, and the third rotating rod One end of (18) is fixedly connected with the 3rd bevel gear (19), and described 3rd bevel gear (19) meshes with the 4th bevel gear (20), and described 4th bevel gear (20) inner cover is provided with the second threaded rod (21), the bottom of the second threaded rod (21) is rotationally connected with the bottom of the second cavity through the fifth rolling bearing, the bottom of the second support rod (17) is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole It is threadedly connected with the second threaded rod (21), the top of the second support rod (17) is fixedly connected with a third support block (22), and the left and right sides of the first support rod (16) are fixedly connected with The third support rod (23), the top of the third support rod (23) is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic rod (24), and the top of the elastic telescopic rod (24) is fixedly connected with a pressing block (25). 5. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described elastic telescoping rod (24) comprises outer rod (26), and described outer rod (26) is provided with the first Three cavities, and the third cavity is provided with a spring (27) and an inner rod (28), and the two ends of the spring (27) are respectively fixed to the side wall of the third cavity and one end of the inner rod (28) connected, the end of the inner rod (28) away from the spring (27) passes through the top of the third cavity and extends outward, and the bottom of the outer rod (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the third support rod (23) , the top of the inner rod (28) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the pressing block (25). 6. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscopic spreader according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the left and right sides of described second support bar (17) all are fixedly connected with slide block (29), and described first Both left and right sides of the two cavities are provided with slide grooves (30) matched and connected with the slide block (29). 7. A kind of orthopedic knee arthroscopic arthroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, the end of the third rotating rod (18) away from the third bevel gear (19) is fixedly connected with a second rotating block (31).