CN108934765B - Cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents
Cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum. According to the method, a deep mountain with the altitude of more than or equal to 1000m and the deep forest coverage rate of more than or equal to 50% is selected as a cultivation garden, a comfortable environment suitable for the growth of the ganoderma lucidum is provided for the growth of the ganoderma lucidum, and the high simulation of the wild ganoderma lucidum is achieved; constructing a lucid ganoderma culture shed in a cultivation garden, inoculating and managing the lucid ganoderma in a spawn running period, taking out the lucid ganoderma from the culture shed after the lucid ganoderma pileus is basically taken out, allowing the lucid ganoderma to freely grow in a deep mountain area, transforming the lucid ganoderma to the wild direction, and increasing the medicinal value of the lucid ganoderma; under the protection of the insect-proof net and the quicklime ring, the lucid ganoderma can healthily thrive and is not invaded by other organisms; and special base materials, matrixes and an oxygenation technology are matched to provide a comfortable semi-wild growth environment for the lucid ganoderma, so that the semi-wild growth of the lucid ganoderma is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum.
Background
Ganoderma is also called Ganoderma lucidum, Lingzhiling, Qiongzhen, Shen Ganoderma lucidum, Mesona chinensis, Ruilao, and Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body of Polyporaceae fungi. Ganoderma lucidum is native to eastern Asia, China is most widely distributed in the west of the Yangtze river, and the Ganoderma lucidum has high medicinal value as a traditional Chinese precious medicinal material with thousands of years of medicinal history. Ganoderma contains amino acids, polypeptide, protein, fungal lysozyme, saccharide, ergosterol, triterpenes, coumarins, volatile oil, stearic acid, benzoic acid, alkaloid, vitamin B2 and vitamin C. The ganoderma lucidum has obvious curative effects on enhancing human immunity, regulating blood sugar, controlling blood pressure, assisting tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, protecting liver, promoting sleep and the like. In addition, the lucid ganoderma has the effect of effectively relieving symptoms such as dizziness, insomnia, palpitation, shortness of breath, neurasthenia, consumptive disease, cough and the like, and has the effect of prolonging the life. With the pursuit of modern people for living quality being higher and higher, the demand of health care medicinal products of lucid ganoderma is also higher and higher.
The ganoderma lucidum grows in forests as the best, and the artificial cultivation method is adopted to cultivate the ganoderma lucidum to meet the large demand of people on the ganoderma lucidum at present. Generally, the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method is to prepare a culture medium for ganoderma lucidum growth, bag the culture medium, inoculate, perform spawn running management, and finally produce ganoderma lucidum. The Ganoderma culture medium mainly comprises basswood, wood flour, cottonseed hull, wheat bran, soybean flour, gypsum powder, etc.
However, the medicinal value of the existing artificially cultivated ganoderma lucidum is greatly reduced, and even more, the artificially cultivated ganoderma lucidum only has ornamental value and loses the medicinal value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum, and aims to improve the medicinal value of artificially cultivated ganoderma lucidum.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cultivation method of semi-wild Ganoderma lucidum comprises the following steps:
a. building a shed: selecting a deep mountain with the altitude of more than or equal to 1000m and the deep forest coverage rate of more than or equal to 50% as a cultivation garden, constructing a ganoderma lucidum cultivation shed in a forest, covering the cultivation shed by using a transparent plastic film, arranging a sunshade net, removing shrubs, weeds and dead leaves in the shed, spreading quicklime after 10-15 cm of the ground in a shallow turning shed, wherein 0.5kg of quicklime is spread per square meter after 3-5 days of closed cultivation shed, spreading 1-2 layers of mulching films on the ground in the shed after removing the films and ventilating for 10-12 h, erecting a bed frame, wherein the width of the bed frame is 1-1.2 m, the length of the bed frame is more than or equal to 1m, and 2-3 layers are arranged, and the distance between the layers is 55-60 cm;
b. inoculation: after the cultivation shed is thoroughly sterilized, the cultivation shed is sealed for 3-5 hours, and ventilation is carried out for 30-35 min;
meanwhile, taking hypha of roots or pileus of wild ganoderma lucidum, inoculating the hypha above a substrate of a culture medium material bag in an inoculation box, transferring the hypha to a bed frame of a sterilized culture shed, and enabling the distance between adjacent inoculated culture medium material bags to be 15-20 cm;
c. and (3) management of a spawn running period: transferring the inoculated culture medium bag to a bedstead within 1 month, controlling the temperature in the culture shed to be 22-26 ℃ and the air humidity to be 60-65%, only passing 480-630 lx scattered light indoors, and controlling the water content of the base material to be 55-60%; carrying out ultrasonic treatment once every 3 days at 12 nights for 20-30 min, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 35-40 KHz;
d. and (3) management of the ganoderma lucidum emergence period: after hyphae grow over the material bag, scratching the fungus bag, completely removing the sunshade net in rainy days, ventilating for 1 hour in the morning and evening, pulling up the sunshade net from 9 am to five pm in sunny days, opening the sunshade net for the rest of time, and ventilating for 2 hours in the morning, at noon and at night; controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 26-29 ℃, the air humidity to be 87-93% and the water content of the base material to be 50-60%;
when the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body begins to differentiate, controlling the humidity of air in the greenhouse to be 93-97%, and increasing the oxygen content in the greenhouse to be more than or equal to 35%;
when the mushroom cap begins to grow out, controlling the humidity of air in the shed to be 95-97%, and increasing the oxygen content in the shed to be more than or equal to 40%; removing the cultured plastic film after 3-5 days, erecting insect-isolating nets on the upper part and the periphery of the culture shed, watering once a day in the morning and at night, watering until water drops are attached to the fungus cover, and stopping watering when the lucid ganoderma is 7 minutes ripe;
e. harvesting: when the ganoderma lucidum is mature, picking up the mature ganoderma lucidum and the leftovers, drying in the shade, drying or airing until the water content is less than or equal to 10 percent to obtain the finished product ganoderma lucidum, and drying and storing in vacuum.
The culture medium bag is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the culture medium bag is cylindrical, the diameter of the culture medium bag is 12-15 cm, and the upper layer is a substrate with the thickness of 1-2 cm, namely the substrate mentioned in the step b; the lower layer is 15-20 cm of base material, namely the base material mentioned in the step c.
Preferably, the substrate is prepared by mixing and processing wheat and cane sugar according to a ratio of 99: 1.
Preferably, the matrix processing method is as follows:
removing impurities from fresh wheat according to a certain proportion, removing shells, cleaning, soaking in warm water at 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 h, taking out, draining water, pouring into an iron pan, adding deionized water until 1-1.5 cm of the wheat is submerged, decocting until the wheat is completely cooked to obtain wheat porridge, aseptically cooling to 75-80 ℃, adding sucrose according to a required proportion, stirring at a constant temperature, decocting for 10-15 min, aseptically cooling to room temperature, and adjusting the consistency to 0.7-0.8 to obtain the finished product matrix.
Preferably, the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-80 parts of cyclobalanopsis glauca powder, 10-12 parts of humus, 5-7 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 15-20 parts of black surface soil of a deep mountain, 5-7 parts of decomposed dry chicken manure, 4-6 parts of walnut shell powder, 3-5 parts of peanut skin, 1-3 parts of sodium citrate, 1-2 parts of calcium superphosphate and 15-18 parts of corn flour;
wherein the cyclobalanopsis glauca powder is less than or equal to 1 mm;
the walnut shell powder and the corn flour are both less than or equal to 2 mm;
the water content of the base material is 15-18%.
Preferably, the method for increasing the oxygen content in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
in the shed, every 5m2A plastic basin is arranged at the place, 250-500 g of calcium peroxide is filled in the basin, 1-2L of clear water is added, and a large amount of oxygen is generated when water meets magnesium peroxide, so that the oxygen content in the shed is increased; after the reaction in the pots is complete, 10-20 ml of citric acid with the concentration of 11% is added into each pot, stirring is carried out continuously, magnesium hydroxide precipitate generated in the pot is dissolved, the magnesium hydroxide precipitate is converted into magnesium citrate, and the magnesium citrate is filtered again and used as humidifying water in a shed to realize diversified utilization of resources; the method is the most perfect option for oxygen increasing in the mountainous region.
Preferably, the method for setting up the insect-proof net comprises the following steps:
completely removing the plastic film and the sunshade net on the culture shed, and binding a wire mesh or a plastic bag mesh with the aperture being less than or equal to 1cm at the outer edge and the top of the culture shed to prevent large animals from entering the shed to damage the lucid ganoderma; every 5m on the iron net2At least one plastic bag which can swing with the wind but can not fall off the iron net is tied at the place, and flying insects and birds and beasts can move downwards; and finally, spreading a circle of quicklime at the position 10-12 cm away from the insect-proof net on the outer edge of the insect-proof net to isolate the insects and ants underground and on the ground.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following four prominent improvements:
1. according to the invention, a ganoderma lucidum cultivation field is selected to act in a deep mountain area, a comfortable environment suitable for the growth of the ganoderma lucidum is provided for the ganoderma lucidum cultivation field, and the high simulation of ganoderma lucidum wild is realized;
2. the invention uses cyclobalanopsis glauca powder as a base material for cultivating the ganoderma lucidum, and is matched with a substrate prepared by steaming wheat and adding sugar, so that the quality of the cultivated ganoderma lucidum can be close to that of wild ganoderma lucidum;
3. according to the method, after the ganoderma pileus is basically completely grown, the film and the sunshade net on the shed are removed, so that the ganoderma freely grows in the mountainous region and is transformed to the wild direction, and the medicinal value of the ganoderma is increased; under the protection of the insect-proof net and the quicklime ring, the lucid ganoderma can healthily thrive and is not invaded by other organisms;
4. the invention provides sufficient oxygen for the lucid ganoderma in the fruiting period by the principle that the magnesium peroxide releases oxygen when meeting water, and is the best oxygenation method for the deep and distant mountainous areas; and magnesium hydroxide generated after the magnesium peroxide is mixed with water is precipitated under the action of citric acid to form edges, and the edges are used for humidifying in a greenhouse, so that the intake of magnesium ions by the lucid ganoderma is improved, the cyclic utilization of resources is realized, and multiple purposes are achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the technical solutions provided by the present invention include not only the contents shown in the examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum, which comprises the following specific processes:
a. building a shed: selecting a deep mountain with the altitude of 1000m and the deep forest coverage rate of 50% as a cultivation garden, constructing a lucid ganoderma cultivation shed in a forest, covering the cultivation shed by a transparent plastic film, arranging a sunshade net, removing shrubs, weeds and dead leaves in the shed, turning 15cm of the ground in the shed shallow, then applying quicklime 0.5kg per square meter, closing the cultivation shed for 5 days, removing the film, ventilating for 12 hours, then spreading 2 layers of mulching films on the ground in the shed, erecting a bed frame, wherein the width of the bed frame is 1.2m, the length of the bed frame is determined according to the area of a pot and is 2 in total, and the distance between the layers is 60 cm;
b. inoculation: spraying coniothyrium minitans in the culture shed, thoroughly sterilizing, sealing the culture shed for 5h, and ventilating for 35 min;
meanwhile, taking hypha at the root of the wild ganoderma lucidum, inoculating the hypha above the substrate of the culture medium material bag in an inoculation box, transferring the hypha to a bed frame of a sterilized culture shed, and keeping the distance between the adjacent inoculated culture medium material bags at 20 cm;
c. and (3) management of a spawn running period: transferring the inoculated culture medium bag to a bed frame within 1 month, controlling the temperature in the culture shed to be about 34 ℃ and the air humidity to be 65%, only passing 630lx scattered light indoors, and controlling the water content of the base material to be 65%; performing ultrasonic treatment once every 3 days at 12 nights for 30min, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 35 KHz;
d. and (3) management of the ganoderma lucidum emergence period: after hyphae grow over the material bag, scratching the fungus bag, completely removing the sunshade net in rainy days, ventilating for 1 hour in the morning and evening, pulling up the sunshade net from 9 am to five pm in sunny days, opening the sunshade net for the rest of time, and ventilating for 2 hours in the morning, at noon and at night; controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be about 27 ℃, the air humidity to be 87 percent and the water content of the base material to be 60 percent;
controlling air humidity in the shed to 93% and increasing oxygen content in the shed to 35% when Ganoderma fruiting body begins to differentiate, i.e. every 5m in the shed2A plastic basin is arranged at the place, 250g of calcium peroxide is filled in the basin, 1L of clear water is added, and a large amount of oxygen is generated when water meets magnesium peroxide, so that the oxygen content in the shed is increased; after the reaction in the basin is complete, adding 10ml of citric acid with the concentration of 11 percent into each basin, stirring continuously, dissolving magnesium hydroxide precipitate generated in the basin, converting the magnesium hydroxide precipitate into magnesium citrate, filtering again and using as humidifying water in a shed to realize the diversified utilization of resources; the method is the most perfect choice for oxygen increasing in the mountainous region;
when the bacterial cap begins to grow, controlling the humidity of air in the greenhouse to be 95 percent, and increasing the oxygen content in the greenhouse to be 40 percent by the same oxygenation method; 5d, removing the cultured plastic film and the sun-shading net, and binding a wire mesh or a plastic bag mesh with the aperture of 0.5cm at the outer edge and the top of the culture shed to prevent large animals from entering the shed to damage the lucid ganoderma; every 5m on the iron net2At least one plastic bag which can swing with the wind but can not fall off the iron net is tied at the place, and flying insects and birds and beasts can move downwards; finally, spreading a circle of quicklime at the position 10cm away from the insect-proof net on the outer edge of the insect-proof net to isolate the insects and ants underground and on the ground; watering once a day in the morning and at night until water drops are attached to the fungus cover, and stopping watering when the lucid ganoderma is ripe for 7 minutes;
e. harvesting: when the ganoderma lucidum is mature, picking up the mature ganoderma lucidum and the leftovers, drying in the shade until the water content is 10 percent, thus obtaining the finished product ganoderma lucidum, and drying and storing in vacuum.
In this embodiment, the culture medium bag is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the shape is cylindrical, the diameter is 15cm, and the upper layer is a substrate with the thickness of 2cm, namely the substrate mentioned in the step b; the lower layer is a 20cm thick base, i.e.the base mentioned in step c.
In the embodiment, the substrate is prepared by mixing and processing wheat and cane sugar according to a ratio of 99: 1; the processing method comprises the following steps:
removing impurities from fresh wheat according to a certain proportion, removing shells, cleaning, soaking in warm water at 40 ℃ for 10h, taking out, draining water, pouring into an iron pan, adding deionized water until the wheat is submerged for 1cm, decocting until the wheat is completely cooked to obtain wheat porridge, aseptically cooling to 75 ℃, adding sucrose according to a required proportion, stirring at a constant temperature, decocting for 15min, aseptically cooling to room temperature, and adjusting the consistency to 0.7 to obtain the finished product matrix.
In this embodiment, the base material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of cyclobalanopsis glauca powder, 10 parts of humus, 7 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 15 parts of black mountain topsoil, 7 parts of decomposed dry chicken manure, 4 parts of walnut shell fragments, 5 parts of peanut skin, 1 part of sodium citrate, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate and 15 parts of corn flour;
wherein the cyclobalanopsis glauca powder is 1 mm;
the walnut shell powder and the corn flour are both 2 mm;
the water content of the base material before use is 15%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum, which comprises the following specific processes:
a. building a shed: selecting a deep mountain with the altitude of 1300m and the deep forest coverage rate of more than or equal to 55 percent as a cultivation garden, constructing a ganoderma lucidum cultivation shed in the forest, covering the cultivation shed by a transparent plastic film, arranging a sunshade net, removing shrubs, weeds and dead leaves in the shed, spreading quicklime with the weight of 0.5kg per square meter after turning the ground in the shed shallow for 10cm, sealing the cultivation shed for 3 days, removing the film and ventilating for 10 hours, spreading 1 layer of mulching film on the ground in the shed, erecting a bed frame, wherein the width of the bed frame is 1m, the length of the bed frame is determined according to the area of the cultivation shed, and the distance between the layers is 55 cm;
b. inoculation: spraying a pioneer of Kemei on the culture shed, thoroughly sterilizing, sealing the culture shed for 3h, and ventilating for 30 min;
meanwhile, taking hypha on the cap of the wild ganoderma lucidum, inoculating the hypha above the substrate of the culture medium material bag in an inoculation box, transferring the hypha to a bed frame of a sterilized culture shed, and keeping the distance between the adjacent inoculated culture medium material bags at 15 cm;
c. and (3) management of a spawn running period: transferring the inoculated culture medium bag to a bed frame within 1 month, controlling the temperature in the culture shed to be 26 ℃, the air humidity to be 60 percent, and only passing 480lx scattered light indoors, wherein the water content of the base material is 70 percent; performing ultrasonic treatment once every 3 days at 12 nights for 20min, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHz;
d. and (3) management of the ganoderma lucidum emergence period: after hyphae grow over the material bag, scratching the fungus bag, completely removing the sunshade net in rainy days, ventilating for 1 hour in the morning and evening, pulling up the sunshade net from 9 am to five pm in sunny days, opening the sunshade net for the rest of time, and ventilating for 2 hours in the morning, at noon and at night; controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 26 ℃, the air humidity to be 93 percent and the water content of the base material to be 50 percent;
controlling air humidity in the shed to 97% when Ganoderma fruiting body begins to differentiate, increasing oxygen content in the shed by 40%, and placing in the shed every 5m2A plastic basin is arranged at the place, 500g of calcium peroxide is filled in the basin, 2L of clear water is added, and a large amount of oxygen is generated when water meets magnesium peroxide, so that the oxygen content in the shed is increased; after the reaction in the basin is complete, adding 20ml of citric acid with the concentration of 11 percent into each basin, stirring continuously, dissolving magnesium hydroxide precipitate generated in the basin, converting the magnesium hydroxide precipitate into magnesium citrate, filtering again and using as humidifying water in a shed to realize the diversified utilization of resources; the method is the most perfect choice for oxygen increasing in the mountainous region;
when the mushroom cap begins to grow out, controlling the humidity of air in the shed to be 97 percent, and increasing the oxygen content in the shed to be 45 percent; 3d, removing the cultured plastic film and the sun-shading net, and binding a wire mesh or a plastic bag mesh with the aperture of 1cm at the outer edge and the top of the culture shed to prevent large animals from entering the shed to damage the lucid ganoderma; every 5m on the iron net2At least one plastic bag which can swing with the wind but can not fall off the iron net is tied at the place, and flying insects and birds and beasts can move downwards; finally, spreading a circle of quicklime at the position 12cm away from the insect-proof net at the outer edge of the insect-proof net to isolate the insects and ants underground and on the ground; watering once a day in the morning and at night until water drops are attached to the fungus cover, and stopping watering when the lucid ganoderma is ripe for 7 minutes;
e. harvesting: when the ganoderma lucidum is mature, picking up the mature ganoderma lucidum and the leftovers, airing until the water content is 8 percent, namely the finished product ganoderma lucidum, and carrying out vacuum drying and storage.
In this embodiment, the culture medium bag is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the shape is cylindrical, the diameter is 12cm, and the upper layer is a substrate with the thickness of 1cm, namely the substrate mentioned in the step b; the lower layer is a 15cm thick base, i.e. the base mentioned in step c.
In the embodiment, the substrate is prepared by mixing and processing wheat and cane sugar according to a ratio of 99: 1; the processing method comprises the following steps:
removing impurities from fresh wheat according to a certain proportion, removing shells, cleaning, soaking in 45 ℃ warm water for 8h, taking out, draining water, pouring into an iron pan, adding deionized water until the wheat is 1.5cm submerged, decocting until the wheat is completely cooked to obtain wheat porridge, aseptically cooling to 80 ℃, adding sucrose according to a required proportion, stirring at a constant temperature, decocting for 15min, aseptically cooling to room temperature, and adjusting the consistency to 0.8 to obtain the finished product matrix.
In this embodiment, the base material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75 parts of cyclobalanopsis glauca powder, 12 parts of humus, 5 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 20 parts of black mountain topsoil, 5 parts of decomposed dry chicken manure, 6 parts of walnut shell fragments, 3 parts of peanut skin, 3 parts of sodium citrate, 1 part of calcium superphosphate and 18 parts of corn flour;
wherein the cyclobalanopsis glauca powder is 0.5 mm;
the walnut shell powder and the corn flour are both 1 mm;
the base material has a water content of 18% before use.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A cultivation method of semi-wild ganoderma lucidum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. building a shed: selecting a deep mountain with the altitude of more than or equal to 1000m and the deep forest coverage rate of more than or equal to 50% as a cultivation garden, constructing a ganoderma lucidum cultivation shed in a forest, covering the cultivation shed by using a transparent plastic film, arranging a sunshade net, removing shrubs, weeds and dead leaves in the shed, spreading quicklime after 10-15 cm of the ground in a shallow turning shed, wherein 0.5kg of quicklime is spread per square meter after 3-5 days of closed cultivation shed, spreading 1-2 layers of mulching films on the ground in the shed after removing the films and ventilating for 10-12 h, erecting a bed frame, wherein the width of the bed frame is 1-1.2 m, the length of the bed frame is more than or equal to 1m, and 2-3 layers are arranged, and the distance between the layers is 55-60 cm;
b. inoculation: after the cultivation shed is thoroughly sterilized, the cultivation shed is sealed for 3-5 hours, and ventilation is carried out for 30-35 min;
meanwhile, taking hypha of roots or pileus of wild ganoderma lucidum, inoculating the hypha above a substrate of a culture medium material bag in an inoculation box, transferring the hypha to a bed frame of a sterilized culture shed, and enabling the distance between adjacent inoculated culture medium material bags to be 15-20 cm; the culture medium bag is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the culture medium bag is cylindrical, the diameter of the culture medium bag is 12-15 cm, the upper layer is a substrate with the thickness of 1-2 cm, and the lower layer is a base material with the thickness of 15-20 cm;
the substrate is prepared by mixing and processing wheat and cane sugar according to a ratio of 99: 1; the processing method comprises the following steps:
removing impurities from fresh wheat according to a proportion, removing shells, cleaning, soaking in warm water at 40-45 ℃ for 8-10 h, taking out, draining water, pouring into an iron pan, adding deionized water until 1-1.5 cm of the wheat is submerged, decocting until the wheat is completely cooked to obtain wheat porridge, aseptically cooling to 75-80 ℃, adding sucrose according to a required proportion, stirring at a constant temperature, decocting for 10-15 min, aseptically cooling to room temperature, adjusting the consistency to 0.7-0.8 to obtain a finished product matrix
The base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-80 parts of cyclobalanopsis glauca powder, 10-12 parts of humus, 5-7 parts of decomposed dry cow dung, 15-20 parts of black surface soil of a deep mountain, 5-7 parts of decomposed dry chicken manure, 4-6 parts of walnut shell powder, 3-5 parts of peanut skin, 1-3 parts of sodium citrate, 1-2 parts of calcium superphosphate and 15-18 parts of corn flour;
the cyclobalanopsis glauca powder is less than or equal to 1 mm;
the walnut shell powder and the corn flour are both less than or equal to 2 mm;
the water content of the base material is 15-18%;
c. and (3) management of a spawn running period: transferring the inoculated culture medium bag to a bedstead within 1 month, controlling the temperature in the culture shed to be 22-26 ℃ and the air humidity to be 60-65%, only passing 480-630 lx scattered light indoors, and controlling the water content of the base material to be 65-70%; carrying out ultrasonic treatment once every 3 days at 12 nights for 20-30 min, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 35-40 KHz;
d. and (3) management of the ganoderma lucidum emergence period: after hyphae grow over the material bag, scratching the fungus bag, completely removing the sunshade net in rainy days, ventilating for 1 hour in the morning and evening, pulling up the sunshade net from 9 am to five pm in sunny days, opening the sunshade net for the rest of time, and ventilating for 2 hours in the morning, at noon and at night; controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 26-29 ℃, the air humidity to be 87-93% and the water content of the base material to be 50-60%;
when the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body begins to differentiate, controlling the humidity of air in the greenhouse to be 93-97%, and increasing the oxygen content in the greenhouse to be more than or equal to 35%;
when the mushroom cap begins to grow out, controlling the humidity of air in the shed to be 95-97%, and increasing the oxygen content in the shed to be more than or equal to 40%; removing the cultured plastic film after 3-5 days, erecting insect-proof nets on the upper part and the periphery of the culture shed, watering once a day in the morning and at night, watering until water drops are attached to the fungus cover, and stopping watering when the lucid ganoderma is 7 minutes ripe;
e. harvesting: when the lucid ganoderma is mature, picking up mature lucid ganoderma and leftovers, drying in the shade, drying or airing until the water content is less than or equal to 10 percent to obtain finished lucid ganoderma, and performing vacuum drying and storage;
the method for increasing the oxygen content in the greenhouse comprises the following steps:
in the shed, every 5m2A plastic basin is arranged in the place, 250-500 g of calcium peroxide is filled in the basin, and 1-2L of clear water is added; after the reaction in the basin is complete, adding 10-20 ml of citric acid with the concentration of 11% into each basin, stirring continuously, and collecting the solution after the precipitation in the basin is completely dissolved;
the method for setting up the insect-proof net comprises the following steps:
completely removing the plastic film and the sunshade net on the cultivation shed, and binding iron nets with aperture of less than or equal to 1cm at the outer edge and the top of the cultivation shed, wherein the diameter of each iron net is 5m2At least one plastic bag which can float with the wind but can not fall off the iron net is arranged.
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| CN110558154A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-13 | 册亨县布依酒业有限公司 | high-yield propagation method of wild ganoderma lucidum |
| CN112586270A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽省康美来大别山生物科技有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma double-film bag-clamping cultivation method |
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| CN102845219A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | Cultivation technique of Pleurotus eryngii |
| CN105801181A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-27 | 南通蛇类治疗研究所 | Vegetable greenhouse CO2 oxygen fertilizer prepared from industrial-agricultural waste straw excrement |
| CN106386168A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山西绿德农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for lucid ganoderma |
| CN106561266A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-19 | 广东雄达实业发展有限公司 | Planting method of lucid ganoderma, lucid ganoderma culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN206506905U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-09-22 | 哈尔滨市农业科学院 | Family expenses cultivation of glossy ganoderma device |
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| CN102845219A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-01-02 | 西北农林科技大学 | Cultivation technique of Pleurotus eryngii |
| CN105801181A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-27 | 南通蛇类治疗研究所 | Vegetable greenhouse CO2 oxygen fertilizer prepared from industrial-agricultural waste straw excrement |
| CN106386168A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山西绿德农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for lucid ganoderma |
| CN106561266A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-19 | 广东雄达实业发展有限公司 | Planting method of lucid ganoderma, lucid ganoderma culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN206506905U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-09-22 | 哈尔滨市农业科学院 | Family expenses cultivation of glossy ganoderma device |
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