CN108931727A - A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method and system - Google Patents

A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108931727A
CN108931727A CN201710392361.9A CN201710392361A CN108931727A CN 108931727 A CN108931727 A CN 108931727A CN 201710392361 A CN201710392361 A CN 201710392361A CN 108931727 A CN108931727 A CN 108931727A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
open
indicate
circuit voltage
batteries
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CN201710392361.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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韩智
张江忠
许达理
王敏
何涛
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广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司
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Priority to CN201710392361.9A priority Critical patent/CN108931727A/en
Publication of CN108931727A publication Critical patent/CN108931727A/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method and system, this method includes：By the voltage and current for acquiring battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to the state equation of preset battery, calculate the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery, then preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC are obtained, according to open-circuit voltage estimated value, matching obtains the SOC estimation of battery.The present invention can accurately estimate the open-circuit voltage estimated value for obtaining battery, to match the SOC estimation for obtaining battery, calculating error is small, and estimation accuracy is high, can get more accurate SOC estimation, can be widely applied in the control field of batteries of electric automobile.

Description

A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to batteries of electric automobile parameter calculating fields, more particularly to a kind of batteries of electric automobile residual capacity Evaluation method and system.
Background technique
Explanation of nouns：
OCV：Full name Open Circuit Voltage, open-circuit voltage；
SOC：Full name State of Charge, state-of-charge, also referred to as residual capacity.
In electric car, battery SOC is estimated usually using open-circuit voltage OCV.However battery open circuit voltage The precision of OCV is related with SOC interval range.OCV is dynamic change in electric car use process simultaneously, is difficult to pair Battery SOC is estimated that after only equal vehicles stand a period of time, OCV and SOC at this time just has stringent one-to-one correspondence to close System.Cause a problem in that current electric car SOC estimation inaccuracy.In addition, there are also using ampere-hour calculation method estimation electricity at present The scheme of pond SOC, this scheme will lead to the introducing of error, be carried out using OCV to SOC after needing to stand a period of time to vehicle Correcting process.Generally speaking, that there are estimation errors is bigger for current scheme, estimates the problem of inaccuracy.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity predictions Method, it is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction systems.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method, including step：
The voltage and current of acquisition battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to the state of preset battery Equation calculates the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC are obtained, according to open-circuit voltage estimated value, matching obtains electricity The SOC estimation in pond.
Further, the state equation of the battery is established in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state side of battery is established Journey.
Further, the mapping table of the battery open circuit voltage and SOC refer to electricity of the electric car in standing The one-to-one relationship of pond open-circuit voltage and SOC.
Further, the state equation of the battery is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix, the second parameter matrix, third parameter of state equation Matrix, the 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through Following formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfAccording to The disintegration voltage of the secondary Order RC equivalent-circuit model for indicating battery, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, Charge transfer internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance, R indicate that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to adopt battery to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value that sample obtains, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
Further, the expression formula of the boundary condition of the battery parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,k And GI,kIndicate two different unit matrixs, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
Another technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is that：
A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system, including：
First module, for acquiring the voltage and current of battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to default Battery state equation, calculate the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Second module is estimated for obtaining the mapping table of preset battery open circuit voltage and SOC according to open-circuit voltage Value, matching obtain the SOC estimation of battery.
Further, the state equation of the battery is established in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state side of battery is established Journey.
Further, the mapping table of the battery open circuit voltage and SOC refer to electricity of the electric car in standing The one-to-one relationship of pond open-circuit voltage and SOC.
Further, the state equation of the battery is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix, the second parameter matrix, third parameter of state equation Matrix, the 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through Following formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfAccording to The disintegration voltage of the secondary Order RC equivalent-circuit model for indicating battery, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, Charge transfer internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance, R indicate that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to adopt battery to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value that sample obtains, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
Further, the expression formula of the boundary condition of the battery parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,k And GI,kIndicate two different unit matrixs, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method of the invention, by real-time The voltage and current for acquiring battery, calculates electricity according to the state equation of preset battery in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter The open-circuit voltage estimated value in pond, then obtains preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC, is estimated according to open-circuit voltage Evaluation, matching obtain the SOC estimation of battery, and this method can accurately estimate the open-circuit voltage estimated value for obtaining battery, thus Matching obtains the SOC estimation of battery, and this method calculating error is small, and estimation accuracy is high, can get more accurate SOC estimation Value.
Another beneficial effect of the present invention is：A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system of the invention, passes through The voltage and current of acquisition battery in real time is calculated in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter according to the state equation of preset battery The open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery out, then obtains preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC, according to open circuit electricity Estimated value is pressed, matching obtains the SOC estimation of battery, and this system can accurately estimate the open-circuit voltage estimated value for obtaining battery, To match the SOC estimation for obtaining battery, this method calculating error is small, and estimation accuracy is high, can get more accurate SOC Estimated value.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of electric automobile whole system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the Order RC equivalent-circuit model for the batteries of electric automobile that the present invention establishes.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 1 illustrates the structural schematic diagram of electric automobile whole system, including battery pack 12, vehicle Denso 14, voltage check device 16, current detection means 18 and control system 20 are set, battery pack 12 can be ternary lithium battery or phosphorus Sour lithium iron battery etc..Vehicle power device 14 includes multiple electricity consumption modules.Control system 20 controls the external high pressure of battery pack 12 Output, usual control system 20 are battery management system.Voltage check device 16 is for detecting battery pack external voltage, electric current inspection The output electric current that device 18 detects battery pack 12 is surveyed, electric current, which may be positive, to be negative, and electric current, which is negative, to be indicated to fill battery pack Electricity.Control system 20 detects the information of battery pack 12, such as battery pack by voltage check device 16 and current detection means 18 12 rated capacity, electric current, voltage etc., and parametric equation is established to battery pack 12.The present invention is that the electric car based on Fig. 1 is whole What vehicle system was carried out.
Firstly, the present invention provides a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method, including step：
The voltage and current of acquisition battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to the state of preset battery Equation calculates the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC are obtained, according to open-circuit voltage estimated value, matching obtains electricity The SOC estimation in pond.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the state equation of the battery is established in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state side of battery is established Journey.The Order RC equivalent-circuit model of foundation is as shown in Figure 2, wherein Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfSuccessively indicate battery The disintegration voltage of Order RC equivalent-circuit model, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, in charge transfer Resistance and diffusion internal resistance, R indicate that the internal resistance of cell, I, V successively indicate the electric current and battery terminal voltage of battery, and in the present embodiment, I, V refer to The current value and voltage value that battery sampling obtains.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the mapping table of the battery open circuit voltage and SOC refer to electronic vapour The one-to-one relationship of battery open circuit voltage and SOC of the vehicle in standing.Through acquisition electric car in standing Battery open circuit voltage and SOC one-to-one relationship after, establish mapping table, this method by battery open circuit voltage into It is big to overcome battery SOC estimation error caused by battery open circuit voltage estimation inaccuracy in the prior art for the accurate estimation of row Problem.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the state equation of the battery is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix, the second parameter matrix, third parameter of state equation Matrix, the 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through Following formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfAccording to The disintegration voltage of the secondary Order RC equivalent-circuit model for indicating battery, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, Charge transfer internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance, R indicate that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to adopt battery to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value that sample obtains, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the expression formula of the boundary condition of the battery parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,k And GI,kIndicate two different unit matrixs, subscript x, k and I, the effect of k be for distinguishing two unit matrixs, it is no special to contain Justice, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
Coefficient matrix FkIt can be Arbitrary Matrix, as long as meeting above formula.
The present invention also provides with a kind of one-to-one electronic vapour of aforementioned batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method Vehicle battery remaining power estimating system, including：
First module, for acquiring the voltage and current of battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to default Battery state equation, calculate the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Second module is estimated for obtaining the mapping table of preset battery open circuit voltage and SOC according to open-circuit voltage Value, matching obtain the SOC estimation of battery.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the state equation of the battery is established in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state side of battery is established Journey.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the mapping table of the battery open circuit voltage and SOC refer to electronic vapour The one-to-one relationship of battery open circuit voltage and SOC of the vehicle in standing.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the state equation of the battery is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix, the second parameter matrix, third parameter of state equation Matrix, the 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through Following formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfAccording to The disintegration voltage of the secondary Order RC equivalent-circuit model for indicating battery, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, Charge transfer internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance, R indicate that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to adopt battery to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value that sample obtains, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
It is further used as preferred embodiment, the expression formula of the boundary condition of the battery parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,k And GI,kIndicate two different unit matrixs, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
It is to be illustrated to preferable implementation of the invention, but the invention is not limited to the implementation above Example, those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent variations on the premise of without prejudice to spirit of the invention or replace It changes, these equivalent variation or replacement are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method, which is characterized in that including step：
The voltage and current of acquisition battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to the state equation of preset battery, Calculate the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Preset battery open circuit voltage and the mapping table of SOC are obtained, according to open-circuit voltage estimated value, matching obtains battery SOC estimation.
2. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery State equation establish in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state equation of battery is established.
3. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery The mapping table of open-circuit voltage and SOC refer to a pair for battery open circuit voltage and SOC of the electric car in standing It should be related to.
4. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the battery State equation it is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix of state equation, the second parameter matrix, third parameter matrix, 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through following public affairs Formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfSuccessively table Show disintegration voltage, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, charge of the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of battery Internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance are transmitted, R indicates that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to obtain battery sampling to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value obtained, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
5. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the battery The expression formula of the boundary condition of parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,kAnd GI,k Indicate two different unit matrixs, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
6. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system, which is characterized in that including：
First module, for acquiring the voltage and current of battery in real time, in conjunction with the boundary condition of battery parameter, according to preset electricity The state equation in pond calculates the open-circuit voltage estimated value of battery；
Second module, for obtaining the mapping table of preset battery open circuit voltage and SOC, according to open-circuit voltage estimated value, Matching obtains the SOC estimation of battery.
7. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the battery State equation establish in the following manner：
After establishing the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of batteries of electric automobile, in conjunction with battery parameter, the state equation of battery is established.
8. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the battery The mapping table of open-circuit voltage and SOC refer to a pair for battery open circuit voltage and SOC of the electric car in standing It should be related to.
9. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the battery State equation it is as follows；
In above formula, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkRespectively indicate the first parameter matrix of state equation, the second parameter matrix, third parameter matrix, 4th parameter matrix, Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkSuccessively indicate Ak、Bk、Ck、DkChanging value, Ak、Bk、Ck、DkPass through following public affairs Formula calculates：
Ck=[1 1 1], Dk=R；
Wherein, k indicates that current state value, k+1 indicate updated state value, Vdf、Vdl、Cdf、Cdl、Vocv、Rct、RdfSuccessively table Show disintegration voltage, the double-deck voltage, diffusion capacitance, double layer capacity, open-circuit voltage, charge of the Order RC equivalent-circuit model of battery Internal resistance and diffusion internal resistance are transmitted, R indicates that internal resistance of cell T indicates that I, V successively indicate to obtain battery sampling to the sampling period of battery The current value and voltage value obtained, μ indicate open-circuit voltage VocvWith the relationship factor of current value I.
10. a kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the electricity The expression formula of the boundary condition of pond parameter is as follows：
In above formula, HA,k、HB,k、HC,k、HD,kSuccessively indicate Δ Ak、ΔBk、ΔCk、ΔDkElement boundary matrix, Gx,kAnd GI,k Indicate two different unit matrixs, FkIndicate a coefficient matrix, and with its transposed matrix Fk TMeet following formula：
Fk TFk≤1。
CN201710392361.9A 2017-05-27 2017-05-27 A kind of batteries of electric automobile Residual capacity prediction method and system CN108931727A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102540089A (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-07-04 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Dynamic battery capacity estimation
CN103323781A (en) * 2013-05-29 2013-09-25 西安交通大学 On-line parameter detecting system and SOC estimating method for power battery pack
CN103389468A (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Battery state-of-charge observer
CN103389469A (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Battery state-of-charge estimator using robust H(infinity) observer
CN105738824A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-06 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 Battery residual capacity evaluation method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102540089A (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-07-04 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Dynamic battery capacity estimation
CN103389468A (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Battery state-of-charge observer
CN103389469A (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-11-13 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Battery state-of-charge estimator using robust H(infinity) observer
CN103323781A (en) * 2013-05-29 2013-09-25 西安交通大学 On-line parameter detecting system and SOC estimating method for power battery pack
CN105738824A (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-06 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 Battery residual capacity evaluation method

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Application publication date: 20181204