CN108914760A - Consider the box beam and its prestress strengthening method of external prestressing strengthening - Google Patents
Consider the box beam and its prestress strengthening method of external prestressing strengthening Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001139947 Mida Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2/00—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure
- E01D2/04—Bridges characterised by the cross-section of their bearing spanning structure of the box-girder type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D22/00—Methods or apparatus for repairing or strengthening existing bridges ; Methods or apparatus for dismantling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
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Abstract
考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁，包括底板、顶板、翼缘板和两块腹板，在底板的上表面和/或腹板的内侧面上固定设置有若干个钢筋混凝土块，所有的钢筋混凝土块沿前后方向间隔布置，钢筋混凝土块内预埋有若干个前后通透的波纹管，所有的钢筋混凝土块的波纹管内对应穿设有预应力钢绞线，前端和后端的钢筋混凝土块分别设置有将预应力钢绞线两端锚固的锚具。本发明还公开了考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁的预应力加固方法。本发明增加了桥梁跨中压应力储备，恢复并提高桥梁刚度，改善桥梁线形，控制桥梁下挠；避免二次施工、缩短体外预应力加固施工周期、保证施工质量以及改善施工条件，减少了再次施工时对原料、场地的要求及环境保护具有重要的指导作用。
Considering the box girder strengthened by external prestressing, including the bottom plate, top plate, flange plate and two webs, several reinforced concrete blocks are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate and/or the inner side of the web, and all the reinforced concrete The blocks are arranged at intervals along the front and rear directions. There are several front and rear transparent bellows pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete block. Prestressed steel strands are inserted in the corrugated pipes of all the reinforced concrete blocks. The front and rear reinforced concrete blocks are respectively set. There are anchors for anchoring both ends of the prestressed steel strand. The invention also discloses a prestress strengthening method of the box girder considering external prestress reinforcement. The invention increases the mid-span compression stress reserve of the bridge, restores and improves the bridge stiffness, improves the bridge alignment, and controls the deflection of the bridge; avoids secondary construction, shortens the construction period of external prestressed reinforcement, ensures construction quality and improves construction conditions, and reduces the need for secondary construction. It plays an important guiding role in the construction of raw materials, site requirements and environmental protection.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于土木工程结构设计及施工技术领域，具体涉及一种考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁及其预应力加固方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering structure design and construction, and in particular relates to a box girder considering external prestress reinforcement and a prestress reinforcement method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
近年来我国公路建设发展迅猛，至2017年底公路通车总里程已突破460万公里，实现了由“初步连通”向“覆盖成网”的重大跨越，其中高速公路通车里程突破13万公里，居世界第一位。交通系统是关乎国计民生的生命线工程，而桥梁结构是该生命线工程正常运转的关键性枢纽，其服务质量及使用寿命水平对保障我国交通事业的健康发展尤为重要。预应力混凝土箱梁因其结构性能优良、抗扭能力强等优点在我国桥梁建设中得到广泛的应用。但随着桥梁结构服役期增加，由于混凝土收缩徐变及预应力损失影响，主跨下挠过大，严重影响行车的舒适及安全性，甚至使得桥梁结构的受力状态改变，加速桥梁结构的破坏，引起一系列安全隐患。In recent years, my country's highway construction has developed rapidly. By the end of 2017, the total mileage of highways opened to traffic had exceeded 4.6 million kilometers, realizing a major leap from "initial connectivity" to "coverage network". The first one. The transportation system is a lifeline project related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, and the bridge structure is a key hub for the normal operation of the lifeline project. Its service quality and service life level are particularly important to ensure the healthy development of my country's transportation industry. Prestressed concrete box girder has been widely used in bridge construction in my country because of its excellent structural performance and strong torsional capacity. However, with the increase of the service period of the bridge structure, due to the impact of concrete shrinkage, creep and prestress loss, the main span deflection is too large, which seriously affects the comfort and safety of driving, and even changes the stress state of the bridge structure, accelerating the bridge structure. Destruction, causing a series of security risks.
体外预应力是指预应力筋布置在结构构件截面之外，是后张法预应力体系的一个重要分支。体外预应力体系一般由体外预应力筋、防腐管道、转向块、锚固系统和限位减震装置等组成。External prestressing refers to the arrangement of prestressed tendons outside the cross-section of structural members, which is an important branch of post-tensioning prestressing system. The external prestressing system is generally composed of external prestressing tendons, anti-corrosion pipes, steering blocks, anchoring systems and limit shock absorbing devices.
传统体外预应力布置在构建的截面外，可在一定程度上解决主跨下挠过大的问题，但由于混凝土转向块（齿块）自重的影响，将会造成挠度的额外损失，同时二次施工空间、施工质量和工期等无法保证。The traditional external prestressing is arranged outside the constructed section, which can solve the problem of excessive downward deflection of the main span to a certain extent, but due to the influence of the self-weight of the concrete steering block (tooth block), it will cause additional loss of deflection, and the secondary The construction space, construction quality and construction period cannot be guaranteed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明为了解决现有技术中的不足之处，提供一种考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁及其预应力加固方法。在箱梁设计及预制阶段考虑体外预应力加固荷载影响，通过体外预应力体系提前优化设计加固箱梁，有效减少后期二次体外预应力体系自重的影响，避免额外挠度的产生；并且有效避免了桥梁体外预应力加固二次施工产生的质量、工期、造价以及对构筑物所处位置环境及生态的破坏问题。In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a box girder considering external prestress reinforcement and a prestress reinforcement method thereof. In the box girder design and prefabrication stage, the impact of external prestressing load is considered, and the external prestressing system is used to optimize the design and reinforcement of the box girder in advance, which can effectively reduce the influence of the self-weight of the secondary external prestressing system in the later stage, and avoid the generation of additional deflection; and effectively avoid The quality, construction period, cost and damage to the environment and ecology of the location of the structure caused by the secondary construction of the external prestressed reinforcement of the bridge.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁，包括底板、顶板、翼缘板和两块腹板，相对于普通混凝土结构，在底板的上表面和/或腹板的内侧面上固定设置有若干个钢筋混凝土块，以底板的长度方向为前后方向，所有的钢筋混凝土块沿前后方向间隔布置，钢筋混凝土块内预埋有若干个前后通透的波纹管，最前端和最后端的一个钢筋混凝土块为锚固块，两个锚固块之间的钢筋混凝土块为转向块，所有的转向块和两个转向块内的波纹管内对应穿设有预应力钢绞线，前端锚固块的前侧和后端锚固块的后侧分别设置有将预应力钢绞线的前端和后端锚固的锚具。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: consider the box girder reinforced by external prestressing, including bottom plate, top plate, flange plate and two webs, with respect to ordinary concrete structures, on the upper surface of the bottom plate and/or Several reinforced concrete blocks are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the web, with the length direction of the bottom plate as the front and rear direction, all the reinforced concrete blocks are arranged at intervals along the front and rear direction, and several front and rear transparent bellows are pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete block , the reinforced concrete block at the front end and the rear end is the anchor block, the reinforced concrete block between the two anchor blocks is the steering block, all the steering blocks and the corrugated pipes in the two steering blocks are correspondingly threaded with prestressed steel strands The front side of the front-end anchor block and the rear side of the rear-end anchor block are respectively provided with anchors for anchoring the front end and the rear end of the prestressed steel strand.
预应力钢绞线和锚具上均涂有防锈漆，涂有防锈漆的锚具外部包裹有砂浆或混凝土保护层。Both the prestressed steel strand and the anchorage are coated with antirust paint, and the outside of the anchorage coated with antirust paint is covered with a mortar or concrete protective layer.
还包括若干个减震限位装置，每个减震限位装置均位于相邻的两个钢筋混凝土块之间；每个减震限位装置均包括钢筋支架，钢筋支架的一端连接在腹板内侧面或底板上侧面，钢筋支架的另一端设置有橡胶块，预应力钢绞线穿过橡胶块内部。It also includes a number of shock-absorbing limit devices, each of which is located between two adjacent reinforced concrete blocks; each shock-absorbing limit device includes a steel support, and one end of the steel support is connected to the web On the inner side or the side of the bottom plate, a rubber block is arranged at the other end of the reinforcement support, and the prestressed steel strand passes through the inside of the rubber block.
考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁的预应力加固方法，包括以下步骤：Considering the prestress strengthening method of the box girder strengthened by external prestress, it includes the following steps:
（1）在箱梁设计时把锚固块、转向块和减震限位装置的数量、位置进行优化设计及布置，方便后期预应力钢绞线的张拉；(1) When designing the box girder, optimize the design and arrangement of the number and position of anchor blocks, steering blocks and shock absorbing limit devices, so as to facilitate the tensioning of prestressed steel strands in the later stage;
（2）对箱梁的底模清理、起拱，侧模拼接、清理、打磨、刷油；(2) Cleaning and arching of the bottom formwork of the box girder, splicing, cleaning, grinding and oiling of the side forms;
（3）钢筋进场、加工，钢筋骨架的制作，波纹管埋设，钢筋骨架的绑扎；(3) Entering and processing steel bars, making steel frame, embedding bellows, binding steel frame;
（4）端模安装，芯模拼接、安装，顶板钢筋安装，模板固定，模板堵缝；(4) End formwork installation, core formwork splicing and installation, roof reinforcement installation, formwork fixing, formwork caulking;
（5）混凝土浇筑与养护；模板撤除与凿模；(5) Concrete pouring and maintenance; formwork removal and formwork;
（6）预应力钢绞线穿束、张拉。(6) Threading and tensioning of prestressed steel strands.
步骤（1）中的优化设计具体为，基于桥梁博士按照平面杆系理论对桥梁结构纵向进行建模计算，分析体外预应力钢绞线加固方案优化设置后桥梁结构实际应力状况及挠度恢复情况；采用 Midas 中的实体单元对不同位置转向块受力状况进行模拟分析，以对其数量和位置进行合理的优化，减少应力集中，防止后期桥梁加固时，由于预应力钢绞线的张拉而造成桥梁主体结构受力改变过大，且能够保证最大程度恢复桥梁的刚度和线形。The optimization design in step (1) is specifically based on the bridge doctor’s modeling and calculation of the bridge structure longitudinally according to the planar bar system theory, and analysis of the actual stress status and deflection recovery of the bridge structure after the optimal setting of the external prestressed steel strand reinforcement scheme; The solid elements in Midas are used to simulate and analyze the stress conditions of steering blocks at different positions, so as to rationally optimize their quantity and position, reduce stress concentration, and prevent the bridge from being caused by the tension of prestressed steel strands in the later stage of bridge reinforcement. The stress on the main structure of the bridge changes too much, and the stiffness and alignment of the bridge can be restored to the greatest extent.
步骤（4）中的芯模沿前后方向设置有若干个凹槽，同时钢筋骨架也对应伸入到凹槽内，在凹槽内设置波纹管，同时将钢筋支架的一端连接到钢筋骨架上，钢筋骨架位于两个相邻凹槽之间，混凝土浇筑时凹槽内注入混凝土，脱模凝固后形成所述的钢筋混凝土块，钢筋骨架的一端预制到腹板或底板内。The mandrel in step (4) is provided with several grooves along the front and rear directions, and the steel frame also extends into the groove correspondingly, and a bellows is set in the groove, and at the same time, one end of the steel support is connected to the steel frame. The reinforced skeleton is located between two adjacent grooves. When concrete is poured, concrete is poured into the groove, and the reinforced concrete block is formed after demoulding and solidification. One end of the reinforced skeleton is prefabricated into the web or bottom plate.
步骤（6）中预应力钢绞线穿束的具体过程为，将预应力钢绞线依次穿入到钢筋混凝土块内预埋的波纹管内，将钢筋支架上设置包裹在预应力钢绞线外部的橡胶块，使用张拉千斤将预应力钢绞线的前后两端分别张拉到预定张力后使用锚具锚固，然后在预应力钢绞线和锚具外部刷防锈漆，最后在涂有防锈漆的锚具外部浇筑有砂浆或混凝土保护层。The specific process of threading the prestressed steel strands in step (6) is to sequentially penetrate the prestressed steel strands into the pre-embedded corrugated pipes in the reinforced concrete block, and wrap the steel bar brackets on the outside of the prestressed steel strands Use the tensioning jack to stretch the front and rear ends of the prestressed steel strand to the predetermined tension respectively, then use the anchor to anchor, and then paint the antirust paint on the outside of the prestressed steel strand and the anchor, and finally paint it with The anti-rust paint anchors are poured with a mortar or concrete protective layer on the outside.
采用上述技术方案，在箱梁内部腔体的合理位置设置的转向块、锚固块、减振限位装置等体外预应力加固体系，方便后期施加体外预应力已恢复主跨挠度。避免由于后期体外预应力加固施加而引起自重增加导致的额外挠度损失；通过转向块数量及布置位置的优化，减少应力集中，更好的恢复损失挠度，保证桥梁结构安全；转向块、锚固块等钢筋混凝土块与预制箱梁一同预制完成，而体外预应力钢绞线的张拉则在后期主跨下挠过大加固时完成；桥梁前期设计时，应将体外预应力加固体系（转向块、锚固块、减振限位装置）的自重作为一种恒荷载给予考虑；With the above-mentioned technical scheme, the external prestressed reinforcement system such as steering blocks, anchor blocks, and vibration-reducing limit devices are installed at reasonable positions in the inner cavity of the box girder, which facilitates the recovery of the main span deflection after external prestressing is applied later. Avoid the additional deflection loss caused by the increase in self-weight due to the application of external prestressed reinforcement in the later stage; through the optimization of the number and layout of the steering blocks, the stress concentration can be reduced, the lost deflection can be better restored, and the safety of the bridge structure can be ensured; steering blocks, anchor blocks, etc. The reinforced concrete block and the prefabricated box girder are prefabricated together, and the tension of the externally prestressed steel strands is completed when the main span is deflected too much in the later stage; the external prestressed reinforcement system (steering block, Anchor blocks, vibration-reducing limit devices) are considered as a dead load;
转向块和锚固块在后期体外预应力钢绞线通过的地方设置波纹管，以便后期绑扎体外预应力钢筋时，波纹管放置其中，确保位置准确，且避免此部位处混凝土产生应力集中；The steering block and the anchor block are provided with bellows at the place where the external prestressed steel strand passes in the later stage, so that when the external prestressed steel bars are bound later, the bellows are placed in it to ensure the correct position and avoid stress concentration in the concrete at this position;
为提高体外预应力加固效果，有效解决桥梁长期运营中受力及主跨挠度下挠过大问题，所述的转向块的数量、布置位置、尺寸等须根据不同工程的实际情况，利用桥梁博士及Midas等有限元相关程序进行优化设计，并通过实验验证以确定最终方案，以在保证桥梁结构受力合理的情况下，最大程度的恢复及抑制主跨下挠，恢复桥梁刚度，改善桥梁线形；In order to improve the effect of external prestressing reinforcement and effectively solve the problem of excessive force and main span deflection in the long-term operation of the bridge, the number, layout position, and size of the steering blocks mentioned must be based on the actual situation of different projects. and Midas and other finite element related programs to optimize the design, and to determine the final plan through experimental verification, so as to restore and suppress the deflection of the main span to the greatest extent, restore the stiffness of the bridge, and improve the alignment of the bridge while ensuring that the bridge structure is reasonably stressed. ;
转向块、锚固块和减振限位装置等均需在桥梁设计前期完成，锚具、预应力钢绞线可以在后期加固桥梁时根据实际情况布设；Steering blocks, anchor blocks, and vibration-reducing limit devices must be completed in the early stage of bridge design, and anchors and prestressed steel strands can be laid out according to actual conditions when the bridge is reinforced in the later stage;
减振限位装置为内包橡胶的小型钢结构，通过钢筋支架与箱梁相联系，其主要用于转向块与转向块或者锚固块与转向块之间的体外预应力钢绞线自由长度较大的位置，以减小体外预应力钢绞线在动荷载下的振动。在预应力钢绞线周围涂上防锈漆，再罩以砂浆或混凝土保护层，主要功能为在温度、腐蚀等外界作用下提供有效的保护措施，延长锚具和钢绞线的正常使用寿命。The vibration damping and limiting device is a small steel structure with rubber inside, which is connected with the box girder through the steel support. It is mainly used for the free length of externally prestressed steel strands between the steering block and the steering block or the anchor block and the steering block. position to reduce the vibration of externally prestressed steel strands under dynamic loads. Apply anti-rust paint around the prestressed steel strand, and then cover it with a mortar or concrete protective layer. The main function is to provide effective protection measures under external effects such as temperature and corrosion, and prolong the normal service life of the anchorage and steel strand. .
本发明充分考虑到桥梁全寿命周期的概念，提供出一种考虑体外预应力加固方法的桥梁设计，以更有效的解决桥梁在长期的运营期间下挠过大的问题。本发明基于桥梁全寿命周期理念，在设计时即考虑到桥梁在后期使用过程中主跨出现下挠过大的病害，从结构受力及挠度恢复角度出发，通过转向块、锚固块等体外预应力加固体系提前设计，有效解决大跨预应力箱梁挠度损失多大问题，改善桥梁线形，其次，避免二次施工造成的自重增加、施工空间狭窄、施工质量无法保证、影响桥梁正常运营等一系列问题。The invention fully considers the concept of the whole life cycle of the bridge, and provides a bridge design considering the external prestress reinforcement method, so as to more effectively solve the problem of excessive deflection of the bridge during long-term operation. The present invention is based on the concept of the full life cycle of the bridge. During the design, the main span of the bridge has excessive downward deflection during the later period of use. From the perspective of structural stress and deflection recovery, the steering block, anchor block, etc. are externally prefabricated. The stress reinforcement system is designed in advance to effectively solve the problem of large deflection loss of long-span prestressed box girders and improve the alignment of the bridge. Secondly, it avoids a series of problems such as increased self-weight caused by secondary construction, narrow construction space, unguaranteed construction quality, and influence on the normal operation of the bridge. question.
本发明从结构受力合理、挠度恢复理想、减少施工工期、保证施工质量、避免额外自重等角度解决了目前利用体外预应力加固方法恢复梁体预拱度损失问题，增加了桥梁跨中压应力储备，恢复并提高桥梁刚度，改善桥梁线形，控制桥梁下挠；此外，该箱梁设计方法对避免二次施工、缩短体外预应力加固施工周期、保证施工质量以及改善施工条件，减少了再次施工时对原料、场地的要求及环境保护具有重要的指导作用。The invention solves the problem of recovering the pre-camber loss of the beam body by using the external prestress reinforcement method from the perspectives of reasonable structural stress, ideal deflection recovery, reduced construction period, guaranteed construction quality, and avoiding additional self-weight, and increases the mid-span compressive stress of the bridge Reserve, restore and improve bridge stiffness, improve bridge alignment, and control bridge deflection; in addition, this box girder design method is helpful for avoiding secondary construction, shortening the construction period of external prestressed reinforcement, ensuring construction quality and improving construction conditions, reducing re-construction It plays an important guiding role in raw materials, site requirements and environmental protection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明中箱梁的立面结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the facade structure schematic diagram of box girder among the present invention;
图2为本发明中箱梁的立体结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of box girder among the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的体外预应力体系的构造图；Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the external prestressing system provided by the present invention;
图4为本发明提供的转向块、锚固块和预应力钢绞线的布置剖立图。Fig. 4 is a cutaway view of the arrangement of the steering block, the anchor block and the prestressed steel strand provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1-图4所示，本发明的考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁，包括底板1、顶板2、翼缘板13和两块腹板3，在底板1的上表面和/或腹板3的内侧面上固定设置有若干个钢筋混凝土块4，以底板1的长度方向为前后方向，所有的钢筋混凝土块4沿前后方向间隔布置，钢筋混凝土块4内预埋有若干个前后通透的波纹管5，最前端和最后端的一个钢筋混凝土块4为锚固块6，两个锚固块6之间的钢筋混凝土块4为转向块7，所有的转向块7和两个转向块7内的波纹管5内对应穿设有预应力钢绞线9，前端锚固块6的前侧和后端锚固块6的后侧分别设置有将预应力钢绞线9的前端和后端锚固的锚具8。As shown in Figures 1-4, the box girder considering external prestressing reinforcement of the present invention includes a bottom plate 1, a top plate 2, a flange plate 13 and two webs 3, on the upper surface of the bottom plate 1 and/or webs There are several reinforced concrete blocks 4 fixedly arranged on the inner side of 3, with the length direction of the bottom plate 1 as the front and rear direction, all the reinforced concrete blocks 4 are arranged at intervals along the front and rear direction, and several front and rear transparent blocks 4 are embedded in the reinforced concrete block 4. The corrugated pipe 5, the reinforced concrete block 4 at the front end and the rear end are the anchor block 6, the reinforced concrete block 4 between the two anchor blocks 6 is the steering block 7, all the steering blocks 7 and the two steering blocks 7 The bellows 5 is correspondingly threaded with a prestressed steel strand 9, and the front side of the front end anchor block 6 and the rear side of the rear end anchor block 6 are respectively provided with anchors for anchoring the front end and the rear end of the prestressed steel strand 9. 8.
预应力钢绞线9和锚具8上均涂有防锈漆，涂有防锈漆的锚具8外部包裹有砂浆或混凝土保护层10。Both the prestressed steel strand 9 and the anchorage 8 are coated with antirust paint, and the outside of the anchorage 8 coated with antirust paint is wrapped with a mortar or concrete protective layer 10 .
箱梁还包括若干个减震限位装置，每个减震限位装置均位于相邻的两个钢筋混凝土块4之间；每个减震限位装置均包括钢筋支架11，钢筋支架11的一端连接在腹板3内侧面或底板1上侧面，钢筋支架11的另一端设置有橡胶块12，预应力钢绞线9穿过橡胶块12内部。The box girder also includes several shock-absorbing limiting devices, and each shock-absorbing limiting device is located between two adjacent reinforced concrete blocks 4; One end is connected to the inner side of the web 3 or the upper side of the bottom plate 1 , the other end of the reinforcement support 11 is provided with a rubber block 12 , and the prestressed steel strand 9 passes through the inside of the rubber block 12 .
考虑体外预应力加固的箱梁的预应力加固方法，包括以下步骤：Considering the prestress strengthening method of the box girder strengthened by external prestress, it includes the following steps:
（1）在箱梁设计时把锚固块6、转向块7和减震限位装置的数量、位置进行优化设计及布置，方便后期预应力钢绞线9的张拉；(1) When designing the box girder, optimize the design and arrangement of the number and position of the anchor block 6, the steering block 7, and the shock-absorbing limit device, so as to facilitate the tensioning of the prestressed steel strand 9 in the later stage;
（2）对箱梁的底模清理、起拱，侧模拼接、清理、打磨、刷油；(2) Cleaning and arching of the bottom formwork of the box girder, splicing, cleaning, grinding and oiling of the side forms;
（3）钢筋进场、加工，钢筋骨架的制作，波纹管埋设，钢筋骨架的绑扎；(3) Entering and processing steel bars, making steel frame, embedding bellows, binding steel frame;
（4）端模安装，芯模拼接、安装，顶板2钢筋安装，模板固定，模板堵缝；(4) End formwork installation, core formwork splicing and installation, top plate 2 reinforcement installation, formwork fixing, formwork caulking;
（5）混凝土浇筑与养护；模板撤除与凿模；(5) Concrete pouring and maintenance; formwork removal and formwork;
（6）预应力钢绞线9穿束、张拉。(6) The prestressed steel strand 9 is threaded and stretched.
步骤（1）中的优化设计具体为，基于桥梁博士按照平面杆系理论对桥梁结构纵向进行建模计算，分析体外预应力钢绞线9加固方案优化设置后桥梁结构实际应力状况及挠度恢复情况；采用 Midas 中的实体单元对不同位置转向块7受力状况进行模拟分析，以对其数量和位置进行合理的优化，减少应力集中，防止后期桥梁加固时，由于预应力钢绞线9的张拉而造成桥梁主体结构受力改变过大，且能够保证最大程度恢复桥梁的刚度和线形。The optimization design in step (1) is specifically based on the bridge doctor’s modeling and calculation of the longitudinal direction of the bridge structure according to the planar bar system theory, and the analysis of the actual stress status and deflection recovery of the bridge structure after the optimization of the external prestressed steel strand 9 reinforcement scheme. ; use the solid element in Midas to simulate and analyze the force status of the steering block 7 at different positions, so as to rationally optimize its quantity and position, reduce stress concentration, and prevent the tension of the prestressed steel strand 9 when the bridge is reinforced later. The stress on the main structure of the bridge changes too much due to tension, and it can ensure the maximum recovery of the stiffness and alignment of the bridge.
步骤（4）中的芯模沿前后方向设置有若干个凹槽，同时钢筋骨架也对应伸入到凹槽内，在凹槽内设置波纹管5，同时将钢筋支架11的一端连接到钢筋骨架上，钢筋骨架位于两个相邻凹槽之间，混凝土浇筑时凹槽内注入混凝土，脱模凝固后形成所述的钢筋混凝土块4，钢筋骨架的一端预制到腹板3或底板1内。The mandrel in step (4) is provided with several grooves along the front and rear directions, and the steel frame also extends into the groove correspondingly, and the bellows 5 is set in the groove, and one end of the steel support 11 is connected to the steel frame at the same time Above, the reinforcement frame is located between two adjacent grooves, and concrete is poured into the groove during concrete pouring, and the reinforced concrete block 4 is formed after demoulding and solidification, and one end of the reinforcement frame is prefabricated into the web 3 or the bottom plate 1 .
步骤（7）中预应力钢绞线9穿束的具体过程为，将预应力钢绞线9依次穿入到钢筋混凝土块4内预埋的波纹管5内，将钢筋支架11上设置包裹在预应力钢绞线9外部的橡胶块12，使用张拉千斤将预应力钢绞线9的前后两端分别张拉到预定张力后使用锚具8锚固，然后在预应力钢绞线9和锚具8外部刷防锈漆，最后在涂有防锈漆的锚具8外部浇筑有砂浆或混凝土保护层10。The specific process of threading the prestressed steel strands 9 in step (7) is to sequentially penetrate the prestressed steel strands 9 into the pre-embedded corrugated pipes 5 in the reinforced concrete block 4, and wrap the steel support 11 on the The rubber block 12 on the outside of the prestressed steel strand 9 uses a tension jack to stretch the front and rear ends of the prestressed steel strand 9 to a predetermined tension respectively and then anchors it with the anchorage 8, and then the prestressed steel strand 9 and the anchor Anti-rust paint is applied to the outside of the tool 8, and finally a mortar or concrete protective layer 10 is poured outside the anchor 8 coated with the anti-rust paint.
本实施例并非对本发明的形状、材料、结构等作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。This embodiment does not impose any formal restrictions on the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention. All simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection of the technical solution of the present invention. scope.
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