Multipurpose dryer for drying viscous materials
Technical Field
The invention belongs to drying equipment, in particular to a multipurpose dryer for viscous materials.
Background
The current commercial roller dryer mainly has two forms, namely a single roller dryer, the structure is that a shoveling plate is welded on the inner wall of a cylinder with an equal diameter, rolling rings are arranged at two ends of the outer wall of the cylinder, the rolling rings at two ends fall on four supporting wheels at two ends, the transmission mode is that the supporting wheels are driven by a motor to rotate through a speed reducer, the roller is driven to rotate through friction, a large gear ring is arranged in the middle outside the roller, a small gear meshed with the large gear ring is driven by the motor through the speed reducer, so that the roller rotates at a certain speed, wet materials are sucked into the cylinder through hot air at one end of the roller for heat exchange, the wet materials are dehydrated to reach the standard, and are discharged from the other end of the roller for air-material separation, and thus the drying process is completed. The structure is simple, the maintenance is convenient, and the adaptability is strong. But has the problems that the sectional area of the roller is the same, the wind speed is constant, the running speed of the materials in the roller is basically unchanged, and the roller is not suitable for the characteristics (decreasing drying rate) of the materials in the drying process, so the drying efficiency is lower, the length of the roller is long, the occupied area is large, and the roller is used for easily sticking the wall of the viscous materials.
The other is a multi-ring roller dryer, which has the structure that three drying cylinders with different diameters are sleeved, and the transmission mode is the same as that of a single roller. The hot air drives wet materials to be sucked from one end of the inner drying cylinder, transferred to the middle cylinder from the other end, transferred to the large cylinder from the tail end, finally discharged from the tail end of the large cylinder, and subjected to air-material separation, thereby completing the drying process. The sectional areas of the three sleeved rollers are different, and the sectional areas are gradually increased from the inner barrel to the middle barrel to the large barrel, so that the hot air drives the materials to travel at different speeds in the three barrels, namely, the inner barrel is fast, the middle barrel is secondary, the outer barrel is slowest, and the characteristics of the wet materials in the drying process can be consistent. Therefore, the drying strength is high, the heat efficiency is high, and the occupied area is small. But has the problems of large volume and easy sticking of the wall of the dried viscous material. The cleaning and maintenance are difficult, and especially for small-sized machines, the maintenance and the cleaning are almost impossible.
Drying of viscous materials is a difficult point in the drying industry, and attempts are made to solve the problem of sticking to the wall by spraying polytetrafluoroethylene at the position where the viscous materials are contacted. The problem is that high temperature solidification is needed in the heating furnace after spraying, the drier part is bigger, and the corresponding heating furnace is difficult to find.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multipurpose dryer for viscous materials, which is provided with three drying cylinders, wherein the diameters of the three drying cylinders are gradually increased, so that the running time of hot air carrying wet materials in each drying cylinder is gradually slowed down when the running time is different, the drying cylinders tend to be consistent with the drying characteristics of the materials, and the drying efficiency is improved. The anti-sticking coating high-temperature sintering and solidifying process can be applied to drying of viscous materials, namely, the viscous materials are prevented from being stuck to contact parts in a dryer, the anti-sticking coating is convenient to disassemble and assemble and suitable for timely maintenance when the anti-sticking coating is worn, and the anti-sticking coating high-temperature sintering and solidifying process can be carried out by utilizing a heating and cooling system of the system after the drying system is installed, so that manufacturing and overhauling costs are greatly saved. The drying device is applicable to drying pasty, powdery and granular materials with different water contents, and is particularly applicable to drying viscous materials.
The invention provides a technical scheme that the drying drum comprises a large drum, a drying drum, a supporting frame provided with a group of riding wheels and a driving speed reducing mechanism, and is characterized in that the drying drum is a tube bundle formed by welding shovels on three inner walls, clamping an adjusting tube between cylinders with different diameters, binding the tubes in parallel, sleeving the large drum outside the tube bundle, arranging a feeding port and a discharging port on two end plates of the large drum along the axial direction, respectively, connecting the feeding port with the starting end of the small drying drum through a crank neck with the same diameter as that of the small drying drum, connecting the tail end of the small drying drum with the starting end of the middle drying drum through a straight drum, connecting the tail end of the middle drying drum with the starting end of the large drying drum through a crank neck with the same diameter as that of the large drying drum, arranging two rolling rings on the outer walls of the two ends of the large drum, driving the riding wheels to rotate through a motor through a speed reducer, and driving the large drying drum to rotate through friction force.
The inner diameter ratio of the small, medium and large three drying cylinders with different diameters is 2:3:4.
The assembly structure of the integral tube bundle is that the tube walls of the tubes are provided with reinforcing ribs, and tie bars are welded between the reinforcing ribs of the tubes.
In the structure, all the parts with the surfaces in contact with the materials are coated with polytetrafluoroethylene anti-adhesion layers on the contact surfaces of the parts with the materials.
In the structure, all the connecting parts of the surface and the material contact part adopt a detachable connecting structure, namely, a flange and a bolt are adopted for connection;
Before assembling, polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the contact surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene and the material, and before the assembly is started, hot air of a drying system is blown in to enable the temperature of the hot air to reach the curing temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene, namely, hot air of 420-450 ℃ is introduced, the hot air is kept for about 30 minutes to enable the hot air to be cured, and then cold air is introduced to enable the hot air to be sintered and cured, so that the non-sticking effect is achieved.
The invention has the advantages that 1, the diameters of the three rollers are gradually increased, so that the running time of hot air carrying wet materials in each drying cylinder is gradually slowed down, the running time is consistent with the drying characteristics of the materials, and the drying efficiency is greatly improved. 2. The material contact parts in the dryer are provided with anti-sticking coatings, and the dryer is suitable for drying viscous materials. 3. All parts with anti-sticking coating layers in the whole machine are convenient to assemble and disassemble so as to adapt to timely maintenance when the anti-sticking coating layers are worn. 4. The anti-sticking coating processing and overhauling and high-temperature sintering solidification process is carried out by utilizing a heating and cooling system of the system, so that the manufacturing and overhauling cost is greatly saved. 5. The dryer of the invention is applicable to drying pasty, powdery and granular materials with different water contents. Is especially suitable for drying viscous materials.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal monolithic tube bundle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal integral tube bundle of the present invention assembled within a large drum.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of M-M of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a single section dryer cartridge.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the angle between the single shoveling plate arrangement in the dryer drum and the drum axis.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the shape of a single shoe.
Fig. 9 is a right side view of fig. 8.
The serial numbers of the parts in the figure are as follows, a feed inlet 1, a large rolling ring 2, a large roller 3, a discharge outlet 4, a power transmission device 5, a transmission riding wheel 6, a riding wheel frame 7, a feed inlet and a small drying cylinder are connected with a turnneck 8, a drying cylinder end cover 9, a large drying cylinder 10, a lacing wire 11, a connecting flange 12, a reinforcing rib 13, a middle drying cylinder 14, a connecting straight cylinder 15, a small drying cylinder 16, a discharge outlet and a large drying cylinder are connected with a turnneck 17, an adjusting pipe 18 and a shoveling plate 19.
Detailed Description
The concrete structure is shown in figures 1-5, wherein the drying cylinders are tube bundles formed by sandwiching an adjusting tube 18 between three small, medium and large drying cylinders 16, 14 and 10 with different diameters and binding the two cylinders in parallel, and the connecting structure is that the outer wall of each drying cylinder is welded with reinforcing ribs 13, and tie bars 11 are welded between the reinforcing ribs 13 of each drying cylinder. The large roller 3 is sleeved outside the tube bundle and connected with the tube bundle into a whole. In order to make the reinforcing ribs of the big, middle and small drying drums tangent to the inner wall of the big drum and ensure that the center of gravity of the revolving body coincides with the axis of the revolving body, an adjusting pipe 18 which is intersected with the three drying drums and is parallel to the axis of the three drying drums is arranged between the three drying drums. The two ends of the large roller 3 are connected with end plates through bolts, the two end plates are respectively provided with a feeding port 1 and a discharging port 4 along the axial position, the feeding port 1 is connected with the starting end of a small drying cylinder 16 through a turnneck 8 with the same diameter as the small drying cylinder, the tail end of the small drying cylinder 16 is connected with the starting end of a middle drying cylinder 14 through a straight cylinder 15, the tail end of the middle drying cylinder 14 is connected with the starting end of a large drying cylinder 10 through a straight cylinder (not shown in the figure), and the tail end of the large drying cylinder 10 is connected with the discharging port 4 through a turnneck 17 with the same diameter as the large drying cylinder. The end of each drying cylinder is sealed with an end cap 9.
Referring to fig. 1, two rolling rings 2 are installed on the outer walls of two ends of a large roller 3, the large roller 3 is located on groups of riding wheels 6 of supporting frames 7 at two ends through the two rolling rings 2, the riding wheels 6 are driven by a motor to rotate through a speed reducer 5, and the large roller 3 is driven to rotate through friction force.
5-9, The inner wall of each drying cylinder is welded with a shoveling plate 19, and in order to enable the materials to advance smoothly, the material facing end of the shoveling plate is provided with a slope (see FIG. 8), and the included angle of the slope is 150 degrees. Meanwhile, the shoveling plates 19 are provided with front folded plates (see fig. 8 and 9), the angle of the front folded plates is 150 degrees, 4-8 shoveling plates are uniformly distributed in the circumference of each drying cylinder, the shoveling plates 19 are arranged in the drying cylinder in a spiral direction, namely, the included angle between the material advancing direction and the horizontal direction is 3 degrees (see fig. 7), and the cylinder body has a forward pushing effect on the material when rotating.
In the structure, polytetrafluoroethylene (anti-sticking material) is sprayed on the contact surface of the material contact part, the connection parts of the parts are of a detachable connection structure, namely a flange and a bolt connection, in consideration of wear of an anti-sticking coating, and the main connection parts comprise a small drying cylinder 16, a medium drying cylinder 14 and a large drying cylinder 10 which are formed by connecting a plurality of sections through the flange 12 and the bolt, a feed inlet 1 is connected with the starting end of the small drying cylinder 16 through a turnneck 8, the tail end of the small drying cylinder 16 is connected with the starting end of the medium drying cylinder 14 through a straight cylinder 15, the tail end of the medium drying cylinder 14 is connected with the starting end of the large drying cylinder 10 through a turnneck 17, and the tail end of the large drying cylinder 10 is connected with a discharge outlet 4.
Before the parts of a factory are assembled, polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking coating is sprayed on the contact surface of the parts and the materials, namely, sand spraying, dust blowing, base oil spraying, solidification and polytetrafluoroethylene spraying (anti-sticking material) are carried out on the surfaces of the parts which are contacted with the materials, then, after the assembly of a drying system is carried out on a use site, after the installation, hot air of the drying system is introduced to enable the temperature of the hot air to reach the solidification temperature of polytetrafluoroethylene, namely, the hot air is introduced to enable the temperature to reach 420-450 ℃ before the start-up, after the hot air is kept for about 30 minutes, cold air is introduced to enable the hot air to be solidified, and sintering solidification is carried out.
The sizes of the three drying cylinders are respectively 200 mm, 300 mm and 400 mm, the diameter of the large roller is 1000 mm, the length of the large roller is 6000 mm, and the motor power is 1.5X2 kilowatts. Volume 1.82 cubic meters.
The dried material contains 80% of viscous primary water and 15% of final water;
the water removal amount is 91 kg/h;
the treatment capacity is 120 kg/h;
the drying strength is 50 kg/cubic meter for about an hour;
The process comprises the steps of starting a motor, enabling an integral tube bundle to rotate at a certain speed, enabling hot air to carry wet materials to be sucked from a feed inlet, preheating in a small drying cylinder, performing rapid heat exchange until the tail end enters a middle cylinder, enabling the temperature of the hot air to be reduced due to the fact that the moisture of the wet materials is reduced, enabling the heat exchange speed to be slow, enabling the cross section of the middle drying cylinder to be increased compared with that of the small drying cylinder and just suitable for the small drying cylinder, enabling the moisture of the wet materials to be further reduced to reach the tail end of the middle drying cylinder, enabling the diameter of a large drying cylinder to be increased and suitable for the small drying cylinder, enabling the dried materials to be discharged from a discharge port at the tail end of the large drying cylinder, and performing next air-material separation, so that the whole drying process is completed.