CN108856721A - A kind of preparation process of the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process of the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN108856721A CN108856721A CN201810789191.2A CN201810789191A CN108856721A CN 108856721 A CN108856721 A CN 108856721A CN 201810789191 A CN201810789191 A CN 201810789191A CN 108856721 A CN108856721 A CN 108856721A
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- base babbit
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009688 liquid atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron tin Chemical compound [Fe].[Sn] NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910017091 Fe-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910017142 Fe—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018471 Cu6Sn5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018320 SbSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012387 aerosolization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation process of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder, includes the following steps：By tin-base babbit ingot after high/low temperature recycles embrittlement processing, it is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, the secondary laminar flow spraying system being made up of confined type nozzle and close-coupled nozzle, metal liquid atomization is broken into drop spraying high pressure draught using nozzle, drop separates cooled and solidified under freely falling body and centrifugal action, obtains tin-base babbit powder；Air after carbon steel heat treatment is cooling, then immersed in tin furnace after preheating and carry out coating treatment, it takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, through ultrasonic cleaning, is dried with nitrogen, obtains pretreated substrate；Pretreated substrate is conveyed into tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, through multilayer multiple channels laser melting coating on the surface of steel substrate, most forms the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to babbit coating technology fields, and in particular to one kind is based on micron order tin-base babbit powder
3 D-printing composite material preparation process.
Background technique
Tin-base babbit has excellent wear-resisting property and corrosion resistance, is manufacture fluid lubrication removable metal
Main material proposes the bearing capacity and reliability of bush material as modernization unit develops to large-scale and high speed
Higher requirement, and bearing capacity has outside the Pass in addition to the component proportion with material itself, and also there is structure design to have very big pass
System.Metal three-dimensional printing technology is, according to the threedimensional model of design, to pass through the discrete sum number of software hierarchy using metal powder as raw material
Formation system is controlled, the special materials such as metal powder are subjected to successively accumulation in the way of laser beam, hot melt nozzle etc. and are cohered, in 3D
Physical product is fabricated out on printing device, metal three-dimensional printing technology is applied in bush material, is bush material
Structure design provides a possibility that more, develops the performance of bush material to fining precise treatment direction.
To the more demanding of metal powder, degree of purity height, the oxygen for not requiring nothing more than metal powder contain metal three-dimensional printing technology
It measures that low, good sphericity, powder diameter be tiny and narrowly distributing, there is good plasticity and mobility and recycling property.At present
The main metal element of common metal 3D printing powder has iron, titanium, nickel, aluminium, copper, cobalt, chromium, silver and gold etc..Chinese patent CN
A kind of method that aeroponics prepare partial size refinement titanium-based spherical powder, titanium-based raw material and tin material are packed into disclosed in 107498059A
It in melting kettle, is subsequently placed in the working chamber of vacuum induction melting aerosolizing device and carries out vacuum induction melting, melt completely
After be filled with 0-0.8bar argon gas, the heated graphite diversion pipe of molten liquid is freely dropped down into spray chamber, in the argon gas of 10-110bar
Atomized powder, collection obtain titanium-based spherical powder after vacuum induction melting aerosolization processing under pressure.This method preparation
Titanium-based spherical powder in 2% tin of content be added reduce the viscosity of molten liquid after melting, partial size is less than 45 μ in titanium-based spherical powder
The powder yield of m is not less than 28%, and powder internal void reduces, and hollow powder quantity reduces.Chinese patent CN104525945B is public
A kind of laser 3D printing manufacturing method for the dip-roll sleeve bearing shell opened, first processes metal substrate smooth, and is wiped with acetone
Oil removing, then by one of Fe base, Ni base or Co base or various metals powder and W, Mo of resistance to melting Zn, Al corrosion, carbonization
20~150 μm of mix powders of object or nitride are added in powder feeder, 1000~5000W of laser power；According to powder sending quantity
Powder is sent into laser coaxial cladding head using Ar gas or N2 pneumatic transmission powder for 5~50g/min；Sleeve bushing drawing is divided
At multilayer concentric annulus, thickness is 0.2~5mm, every layer of concentric loop is divided into multiple annulus, width is 1~6mm, by same
Axis cladding head focus after lasing beam diameter be 1~10mm, setting cladding head relative to workpiece movement speed be 100~
1000mm/min；Using laser overlapping cladding, controlling overlapping rate is 20~60%, the multiple concentric loops of cladding, after the completion, by cladding head
The distance of Move Up One Layer annulus thickness；The cladding since on substrate, the then repeatedly work of cladding, until completing entire axis
Cover the cladding of bearing shell；Remove substrate finally to get the dip-roll sleeve bearing shell is arrived.By the above-mentioned prior art it is found that passing through three
Dimension printing technique can prepare the metal powder of different performance to form three-dimensional alloy building by way of laser melting coating, still
The fusing point of tin-base babbit is low, will have a direct impact on the micro- of tin formula babbit making and using the technological parameters such as process temperature
Form and performance are seen, the service life of material is then influenced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of 3 D-printings based on micron order tin-base babbit powder
The preparation process of composite material carries out brittle processing to tin-base babbit ingot first, handles to obtain partial size less than 45 μ through aerosol
Then the tin-base babbit powder of m conveys tin-base babbit powder, through multilayer multiple channels laser while laser melting coating
Cladding forms the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder on the surface of pretreated substrate.This
The surface smoothness for inventing the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder of preparation is good, tin formula Pasteur
Alloy microstructure is fine and smooth, strong with substrate binding force.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation process of the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder, feature exist
In：Include the following steps：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot；
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot prepared by step (1) is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by restraint-type
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth and close-coupled nozzle are constituted, it is spraying high pressure draught using nozzle that metal liquid atomization is broken
At drop, drop separates cooled and solidified under freely falling body and centrifugal action, obtains tin-base babbit powder；
(3) air after the heat treatment of carbon steel is cooling, then immersed in tin furnace after preheating and carry out coating treatment, it takes out, uses
After coarse sandpaper polishing, through ultrasonic cleaning, it is dried with nitrogen, obtains pretreated substrate；
(4) by the pretreated substrate tinbase bar that while laser melting coating prepared by supplying step (1) of step (3) preparation
Family name's alloy powder most forms base through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards through multilayer multiple channels laser melting coating on the surface of steel substrate
In the 3 D-printing composite material of micron order tin-base babbit powder.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (1), the quality percentage of the component in tin-base babbit ingot
Than for：Sn surplus, Cu 5.5-6.5, Sb 10.0-12.0, Fe≤0.1, Zn≤0.01, Bi≤0.03, As≤0.1, Al≤
0.01, Pb≤0.35, Cd≤0.35, other elements≤0.55.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (1), the technique of high/low temperature circulation embrittlement processing is：First
Stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.3-0.5MPa, keep the temperature in the environment of -20~-60 DEG C
0.5-1h, isothermal holding 2-4h, second stage are in the environment of being transferred to 60-80 DEG C, and tin-base babbit ingot surrounding is kept to apply
The pulling force for adding 0.1-0.3MPa keeps the temperature 15-30min in the environment of -60~-100 DEG C, is transferred in the environment of 100-120 DEG C
Isothermal holding 1-3h.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (2), the technique of atomization process：In 1000NM3The purity of/h
It is first 4.2-5.6Pa, pressure 2.0-3.1Mpa, temperature in vacuum degree under the action of high pressure draught for 99.999% nitrogen
It is to handle 5-10min at 800-1000 DEG C, is then 3.5-4.0Pa, pressure 3.4-5.5Mpa in vacuum degree, temperature is
30-60min is handled at 1050-1450 DEG C, is finally 3.0-3.4Pa, pressure 5.5-6Mpa, temperature 1450- in vacuum degree
45-90min is handled at 1600 DEG C.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (2), the yield of tin-base babbit powder is greater than 90%,
The content of tin-base babbit powder of the partial size less than 45 μm is more than or equal to 50%, the particle sphericity of tin-base babbit powder
Ψ0≥0.95。
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (2), the revolving speed for separating cooled and solidified is 500-2000r/
Min, the time of freely falling body are 5-40min.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (3), carbon steel are that tissue is ferrite and pearlite
The composition of carbon steel, the carbon steel is by weight percentage：C 0.17-0.24, Si 0.17-0.37, Mn 0.35-
0.65, S≤0.25, P≤0.035, Cr≤0.25, Ni≤0.25, Cu≤0.25, remaining is Fe, the tension of the carbon steel
Intensity >=410MPa, yield strength >=245MPa, non-heat treatment hardness≤156HB.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (3), the solvent of ultrasonic cleaning is acetone, and ultrasonic wave is clear
The power washed is 50-200W, time 5-10min.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (3), pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 18-20 μ
The iron tin coating of m.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (4), the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding is：The
One layer process parameter：Laser power is 600-2800W, and laser beam flying rate is 18-22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15-22g/
Min, overlapping rate is 30-50% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.3-0.5MPa, spot size 3-3.4mm, the second layer and subsequent molten
Cladding process parameter：Laser power is 600-1200w, and laser beam flying rate is 18-22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15-22g/
Min, overlapping rate is 30-50%, protection air-flow amount 0.3-0.5MPa, spot size 3-3.4mm between road.
The primary raw material that the present invention selects is tin-base babbit powder and steel substrate, due to tin-base babbit and base steel
The hot physical difference of material is larger, and metallurgical bonding will not occur, and carries out tinning processing to steel substrate surface, not only cleans steel substrate
Surface, and high-intensitive and brittle Fe-Sn intermetallic compound is formed in tin-base babbit and steel matrix combination interface,
Fe-Sn intermetallic compound connects between making tin-base babbit and steel matrix reach atom required by laser melting coating, still
Fe-Sn intermetallic compound content is excessively high will to will lead to joint toughness reduction, and binding performance reduces instead, therefore, control of the present invention
Fe-Sn intermetallic compound processed with a thickness of 18-20 μm, not only met the requirement of connection, but also do not influence the mechanical property of product.
Carry out first layer cladding when predominantly tin-base babbit and the steel substrate of intermetallic compounds layer containing Fe-Sn it
Between combination, the quality of bond quality directly affects the binding force of tin-base babbit and substrate, because of subsequent cladding
Layer is the cladding carried out on tin-base babbit matrix, since the liquidus point temperature of tin-base babbit is 370 DEG C, temperature
It is lower to belong to low-melting alloy, so if input energy is larger, it will lead to molten bath in cladding process and sprawl relatively to open and even occur
Molten bath, which collapses, causes tin-base babbit liquid to trickle, so the liquidus point temperature based on tin-base babbit is 370 DEG C, base steel
Material fusing point is 1530 DEG C, and the technological parameter of multilayer single track and multilayer multiple tracks is simultaneously different.
The study found that when carrying out laser melting coating tin-base babbit cladding layer, being prepared in multilayer single track using matrix as material
In the technique of tin-base babbit bottom, laser power has to be larger than 1400w just and can guarantee tin-base babbit cladding layer and base
Good combination is formed between body；But laser power cannot be too big, and when laser power is more than or equal to 2600w, tinbase Pasteur is closed
Golden clad layer surface has apparent oxidizing blackening phenomenon, and laser power clad layer surface in 1400-2600W is bright and clean full, melts
It is more steady to cover process, without apparent splash phenomena, forms tin-base babbit bottom.Single layer single track is molten in laser cladding process
Coating upper surface is considered as arc-shaped, and overlap joint will keep the planarization on surface between the road Dao Yu, and lap area should be equal to molten
Empty portions area at the top of coating.According to the overlapping rate η between the road cladding layer Dao Yu=(W-C)/W, passed through according to previous cladding
It tests, to obtain the preferable clad layer surface of surface smoothness, the overlapping rate between the road Dao Yu takes 40%.It is calculated according to overlapping rate
The single layer single track tinbase that corresponding technological parameter obtains during formula η=(W-C)/W and cladding first layer and subsequent cladding layer
Babbit cladding layer sizecalculation obtains deviation distance C between the road Dao Yu.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) primary raw material of the 3 D-printing composite material prepared by the present invention based on micron order tin-base babbit powder
For micron order tin-base babbit powder, the raw material of the micron order tin-base babbit powder is high/low temperature circulation embrittlement processing
Tin-base babbit ingot, binding force is small between component in tin-base babbit ingot after pretreatment, and brittleness is big, and toughness is small, more favorably
In aerosol nebulization balling-up later, the partial size of tin-base babbit powder is advantageously reduced, improves sphericity, is not only sufficiently met
Requirement of the 3D printing technique to metal powder, and the technical difficulty of laser melting coating is advantageously reduced, improve micron order tinbase bar
The structure precision of the 3 D-printing composite material of family name's alloy powder.The present invention combines aeroponics with laser melting and coating technique, system
The standby surface smoothness for obtaining the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder is good, tin formula babbit
Microstructure is fine and smooth, strong with substrate binding force.
(2) the 3 D-printing composite material prepared by the present invention based on micron order tin-base babbit powder can be directly as
Component uses, and can also be used in combination with other parts, can also be used as collective surface and adheres to other modified coatings uses, knot
Structure changeability is strong, and use scope is extensive, has the good market competitiveness on preparing the components such as bearing shell, sliding bearing.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, not
Inappropriate limitation of the present invention is constituted, in the accompanying drawings：
Attached drawing 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of tin-base babbit powder.
Attached drawing 2 is the shape appearance figure of single layer tin-base babbit coating material under different laser powers.
Attached drawing 2 is in 600-2800W laser power, and laser beam flying rate is 20mm/s, powder feeding rate 19.79g/
Min, under conditions of spot size is 3.22mm, the shape appearance figure of single layer single track tin-base babbit cladding layer, it can be seen that 1400w-
The preferable single layer single track tin-base babbit cladding layer of pattern is selected between 2600w, i.e., it is resulting when laser power is 2000w
Clad layer surface is bright and clean, and cladding layer shape is more full, and surface is without apparent oxidative phenomena.
Attached drawing 3 is the shape appearance figure of the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder.
By attached drawing 3 it is found that the composite formed surface of 3 D-printing based on micron order tin-base babbit powder more
It is flat and smooth, molten bath caused by energy accumulation, which is equally existed, in the side perpendicular to scanning speed direction collapses, tinbase Pasteur
Alloy cladding layer is trickled outward.
Attached drawing 4 is to coat tin-base babbit in the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder
The interface intersection electron microscope of layer and steel.
Steel substrate and tin-base babbit cladding interlayer have an apparent white light tone intermediate layer in attached drawing 4, intermediate
The generation of boundary layer shows that tin-base babbit and steel substrate realize preferable metallurgical bonding, this is between improving two kinds of alloys
Bond strength is most important.As shown in Figure 5, more diamond shape is precipitated in tin-base babbit microstructure, star bulk is precipitated
Object is mainly SbSn phase for blocky precipitate, in black matrix phase Dispersed precipitate more white bright tiny acicular structure, be
Cu6Sn5 phase.SbSn and Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound is precipitated in the process of setting of molten bath, and relatively uniform is distributed in matrix
On the one hand Xiang Zhong increases the abrasion resistance and hardness of matrix phase, on the other hand when in bearing metal process of friction and wear to matrix
It mutually plays a supportive role, prevents softer tinbase solid solution phase compared with quick-wearing.
Attached drawing 5 is the electron microscope of the tin-base babbit coating based on 3D printing technique.
By attached drawing 5 it is found that more diamond shape, star bulk precipitate are precipitated in tin-base babbit microstructure, wherein
Blocky precipitate is mainly SbSn phase, in black matrix phase Dispersed precipitate more white bright tiny acicular structure, wherein tiny needle
Shape tissue is Cu6Sn5 phase.SbSn and Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound is precipitated in the process of setting of molten bath, and relatively uniform point
It is distributed in matrix phase, on the one hand increases the abrasion resistance and hardness of matrix phase, on the other hand when bearing metal process of friction and wear
In mutually play a supportive role to matrix, prevent softer tinbase solid solution phase compared with quick-wearing.
Attached drawing 6 is that tin-base babbit coating and steel substrate surface carry out EDS line scanning result figure.
By the EDS line scanning of attached drawing 6 it is found that from steel substrate to the linear transition of tin-base babbit bottom each element, two
There is apparent transition zone between kind metal, the generation of transition zone plays a significant role the bond strength improving two kinds of alloys.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, herein illustrative examples and explanation of the invention
For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
The mass percent of component in tin-base babbit ingot is：Sn surplus, Cu 5.5-6.5, Sb 10.0-12.0,
Fe≤0.1, Zn≤0.01, Bi≤0.03, As≤0.1, Al≤0.01, Pb≤0.35, Cd≤0.35, other elements≤0.55.
Substrate is the carbon steel that tissue is ferrite and pearlite, and the composition of the carbon steel is by weight percentage
For：C 0.17-0.24, Si 0.17-0.37, Mn 0.35-0.65, S≤0.25, P≤0.035, Cr≤0.25, Ni≤0.25,
Cu≤0.25, remaining is Fe, tensile strength >=410MPa of the carbon steel, yield strength >=245MPa, is not heat-treated hard
Degree≤156HB.
Embodiment 1：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.3MPa, keeps the temperature 0.5h in the environment of -20 DEG C, isothermal holding 2h in the environment of being transferred to 60 DEG C,
Second stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.1MPa, keep the temperature 15min in the environment of -60 DEG C, is turned
Isothermal holding 1h in the environment of moving to 100 DEG C obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 4.2Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 2.0Mpa, then it is 3.5Pa in vacuum degree, pressure is that temperature, which is to handle 5min at 800 DEG C,
3.4Mpa, temperature are to handle 30min at 1050 DEG C, are finally 3.0Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 5.5Mpa, temperature is 1450 DEG C
Lower processing 45min, drop separate cooled and solidified 5min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 500r/min, obtain tin
Base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 900 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 170 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, and ultrasonic cleaning 5min, is dried with nitrogen under 50W power,
Obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 18 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
2800W, laser beam flying rate are 18mm/s, powder feeding rate 22g/min, and overlapping rate is 30% between road, protection air-flow amount
0.5MPa, spot size 3mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 600w, laser beam flying rate
For 22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15g/min, overlapping rate is 50% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.3MPa, spot size 3.4mm,
Most the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder is formed through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards.
Embodiment 2：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.5MPa, keeps the temperature 1h in the environment of -60 DEG C, isothermal holding 4h in the environment of being transferred to 80 DEG C, the
Two-stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.3MPa, keep the temperature 30min in the environment of -100 DEG C, is turned
Isothermal holding 3h in the environment of moving to 120 DEG C obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 5.6Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 3.1Mpa, temperature is to handle 10min at 1000 DEG C, is then 4.0Pa, pressure in vacuum degree
For 5.5Mpa, temperature is to handle 60min at 1450 DEG C, is finally 3.4Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 6Mpa, temperature is 1600 DEG C
Lower processing 90min, drop separate cooled and solidified 40min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 2000r/min, obtain
Tin-base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 950 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 200 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, nitrogen are blown under 200W power
It is dry, obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 20 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
1600W, laser beam flying rate are 19mm/s, powder feeding rate 20g/min, and overlapping rate is 35% between road, protection air-flow amount
0.35MPa, spot size 3.3mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 1000w, laser beam flying
Rate is 19.6mm/s, powder feeding rate 8g/min, and overlapping rate is 35% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.35MPa, and spot size is
3.3mm most forms the 3 D-printing composite wood based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards
Material.
Embodiment 3：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.4MPa, keeps the temperature 1h in the environment of -40 DEG C, isothermal holding 3h in the environment of being transferred to 70 DEG C, the
Two-stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.2MPa, 20min is kept the temperature in the environment of -80 DEG C, is shifted
Isothermal holding 2h in the environment of to 110 DEG C obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 4.8Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 2.6Mpa, then it is 3.8Pa in vacuum degree, pressure is that temperature, which is to handle 6min at 850 DEG C,
4.3Mpa, temperature are to handle 45min at 1250 DEG C, are finally 3.1Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 5.8Mpa, temperature is 1550 DEG C
Lower processing 60min, drop separate cooled and solidified 10min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 1500r/min, obtain
Tin-base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 910 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 180 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, ultrasonic cleaning 7min, nitrogen are blown under 150W power
It is dry, obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 19 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
2400W, laser beam flying rate are 20.5mm/s, powder feeding rate 18.5g/min, and overlapping rate is 45% between road, protection air-flow
Measure 0.45MPa, spot size 3.2mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 800w, and laser beam is swept
Retouching rate is 20mm/s, powder feeding rate 19g/min, and overlapping rate is 45% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.35MPa, spot size
For 3.3mm, it is compound most to form the 3 D-printing based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards
Material.
Embodiment 4：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.4MPa, keeps the temperature 0.5h in the environment of -45 DEG C, isothermal holding in the environment of being transferred to 75 DEG C
3.5h, second stage are to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.2MPa, keep the temperature in the environment of -90 DEG C
25min, isothermal holding 1.5h in the environment of being transferred to 105 DEG C obtain pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 4.8Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 2.7Mpa, then it is 3.8Pa in vacuum degree, pressure is that temperature, which is to handle 7min at 900 DEG C,
4.5Mpa, temperature are to handle 50min at 1300 DEG C, are finally 3.3Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 5.8Mpa, temperature is 1550 DEG C
Lower processing 75min, drop separate cooled and solidified 30min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 1400r/min, obtain
Tin-base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 940 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 195 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, ultrasonic cleaning 7min, nitrogen are blown under 150W power
It is dry, obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 19.5 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
2500W, laser beam flying rate 20.5mm/s, powder feeding rate 18g/min, overlapping rate is 45% between road, protection air-flow amount
0.45MPa, spot size 3.4mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 800w, laser beam flying
Rate is 21.5mm/s, powder feeding rate 19.5g/min, and overlapping rate is 45% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.35MPa, hot spot ruler
Very little is 3.2mm, and it is multiple most to form the 3 D-printing based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards
Condensation material.
Embodiment 5：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.3MPa, keeps the temperature 0.5h in the environment of -60 DEG C, isothermal holding 2h in the environment of being transferred to 80 DEG C,
Second stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.3MPa, keep the temperature 30min in the environment of -60 DEG C, is turned
Isothermal holding 3h in the environment of moving to 100 DEG C obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 4.2Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 3.1Mpa, temperature is to handle 10min at 800 DEG C, is then 3.5Pa, pressure in vacuum degree
For 5.5Mpa, temperature is to handle 60min at 1050 DEG C, is finally 3.0Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 6Mpa, temperature is 1450 DEG C
Lower processing 90min, drop separate cooled and solidified 40min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 500r/min, obtain
Tin-base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 900 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 200 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, nitrogen are blown under 50W power
It is dry, obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 18 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
2000W, laser beam flying rate are 21.5mm/s, powder feeding rate 16g/min, and overlapping rate is 40% between road, protection air-flow amount
0.45MPa, spot size 3.25mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 600-1200w, laser
Beam scanning rate is 19mm/s, powder feeding rate 21g/min, and overlapping rate is 30% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.5MPa, hot spot ruler
Very little is 3.4mm, and it is multiple most to form the 3 D-printing based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards
Condensation material.
Embodiment 6：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is being recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, the first stage is to keep tin-base babbit
Ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.5MPa, keeps the temperature 1h in the environment of -20 DEG C, isothermal holding 4h in the environment of being transferred to 60 DEG C, the
Two-stage is to keep tin-base babbit ingot surrounding to apply the pulling force of 0.1MPa, keep the temperature 15min in the environment of -100 DEG C, is turned
Isothermal holding 1h in the environment of moving to 120 DEG C obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot.
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, is sprayed by confined type nozzle and close coupling
The secondary laminar flow spraying system that mouth is constituted, in 1000NM3Under the action of the purity of/h is the high pressure draught of 99.999% nitrogen, first
It is 5.6Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 2.0Mpa, temperature is to handle 5min at 1000 DEG C, is then 4.0Pa, pressure in vacuum degree
For 3.4Mpa, temperature is to handle 30min at 1450 DEG C, is finally 3.4Pa, pressure 5.5Mpa, temperature 1600 in vacuum degree
45min is handled at DEG C, drop separates cooled and solidified 5min under the centrifugal action that freely falling body and revolving speed are 2000r/min, obtains
To tin-base babbit powder.
(3) air is cooling after being heat-treated carbon steel at 950 DEG C, then immerses in tin furnace and applied after being preheated to 170 DEG C
Layer processing, takes out, after being polished with coarse sandpaper, uses acetone as solvent, ultrasonic cleaning 5min, nitrogen are blown under 200W power
It is dry, obtain pretreated substrate, wherein the iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 20 μm.
(4) pretreated substrate is conveyed to tin-base babbit powder while laser melting coating, is swashed through multilayer multiple channels
Light cladding is in the surface of steel substrate, the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding：First layer technological parameter：Laser power is
1600W, laser beam flying rate are 22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15g/min, and overlapping rate is 50% between road, protection air-flow amount
0.3MPa, spot size 3.4mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer technological parameter：Laser power is 1200w, laser beam flying
Rate is 18mm/s, powder feeding rate 22g/min, and overlapping rate is 30% between road, protection air-flow amount 0.5MPa, and spot size is
3mm most forms the 3 D-printing composite wood based on micron order tin-base babbit powder through surface and edge Milling Process afterwards
Material.
The result such as following table institute of the yield of tin-base babbit powder of embodiment 1-6 preparation, average grain diameter and sphericity
It states：
3 D-printing composite wood of the different-alloy thickness degree based on micron order tin-base babbit powder prepared by embodiment 1
The bond strength of tin-base babbit coating and substrate is as shown in the table in material：
| Alloy layer thickness/mm | Maximum shear stress Fmax/KN | Bond strength σ ch/Mpa |
| 5 | 22.489 | 104.895 |
| 8 | 28.194 | 140.360 |
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation process of the 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder, it is characterised in that：
Include the following steps：
(1) tin-base babbit ingot is recycled into embrittlement processing through high/low temperature, obtains pretreated tin-base babbit ingot；
(2) pretreated tin-base babbit ingot prepared by step (1) is flowed downward out from flow-guiding mouth, by confined type nozzle and
Metal liquid atomization is broken into liquid spraying high pressure draught using nozzle by the secondary laminar flow spraying system that close-coupled nozzle is constituted
Drop, drop separate cooled and solidified under freely falling body and centrifugal action, obtain tin-base babbit powder；
(3) air after the heat treatment of carbon steel is cooling, then immersed in tin furnace after preheating and carry out coating treatment, it takes out, uses coarse sand
After paper polishing, through ultrasonic cleaning, it is dried with nitrogen, obtains pretreated substrate；
(4) the pretreated substrate tinbase Pasteur that while laser melting coating prepared by supplying step (1) of step (3) preparation is closed
Bronze end is most formed through surface and edge Milling Process based on micro- afterwards through multilayer multiple channels laser melting coating on the surface of steel substrate
The 3 D-printing composite material of meter level tin-base babbit powder.
2. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (1), the mass percent of the component in tin-base babbit ingot is：Sn surplus,
Cu 5.5-6.5, Sb 10.0-12.0, Fe≤0.1, Zn≤0.01, Bi≤0.03, As≤0.1, Al≤0.01, Pb≤0.35,
Cd≤0.35, other elements≤0.55.
3. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (1), the technique of high/low temperature circulation embrittlement processing is：First stage is to keep tin
Base babbit ingot surrounding applies the pulling force of 0.3-0.5MPa, keeps the temperature 0.5-1h in the environment of -20~-60 DEG C, is transferred to 60-
Isothermal holding 2-4h, second stage are in the environment of 80 DEG C, and tin-base babbit ingot surrounding is kept to apply the drawing of 0.1-0.3MPa
Power keeps the temperature 15-30min in the environment of -60~-100 DEG C, isothermal holding 1-3h in the environment of being transferred to 100-120 DEG C.
4. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (2), the technique of atomization process：In 1000NM3The purity of/h is 99.999% nitrogen
It is first 4.2-5.6Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 2.0-3.1Mpa, temperature is 800-1000 DEG C under the action of the high pressure draught of gas
Then lower processing 5-10min is 3.5-4.0Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 3.4-5.5Mpa, temperature is at 1050-1450 DEG C
30-60min is managed, is finally 3.0-3.4Pa in vacuum degree, pressure 5.5-6Mpa, temperature is to handle 45- at 1450-1600 DEG C
90min。
5. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (2), the yield of tin-base babbit powder is greater than 90%, and partial size is less than 45 μm
The content of tin-base babbit powder is more than or equal to 50%, the particle sphericity Ψ 0 >=0.95 of tin-base babbit powder.
6. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (2), the revolving speed for separating cooled and solidified is 500-2000r/min, freely falling body
Time is 5-40min.
7. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), carbon steel are the carbon steel that tissue is ferrite and pearlite, described
The composition of carbon steel is by weight percentage：C 0.17-0.24, Si 0.17-0.37, Mn 0.35-0.65, S≤0.25, P
≤ 0.035, Cr≤0.25, Ni≤0.25, Cu≤0.25, remaining is Fe, tensile strength >=410MPa of the carbon steel, is bent
Take intensity >=245MPa, non-heat treatment hardness≤156HB.
8. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), the solvent of ultrasonic cleaning is acetone, and the power of ultrasonic cleaning is 50-
200W, time 5-10min.
9. a kind of system of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Standby technique, it is characterised in that：In the step (3), iron tin coating that pretreated substrate surface is formed with a thickness of 18-20 μm.
10. a kind of 3 D-printing composite material based on micron order tin-base babbit powder according to claim 1
Preparation process, it is characterised in that：In the step (4), the technological parameter of multilayer multi-pass laser cladding is：First layer process ginseng
Number：Laser power is 600-2800W, and laser beam flying rate is 18-22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15-22g/min, is taken between road
Connecing rate is 30-50%, and protection air-flow amount 0.3-0.5MPa, spot size 3-3.4mm, the second layer and subsequent cladding layer process are joined
Number：Laser power is 600-1200w, and laser beam flying rate is 18-22mm/s, powder feeding rate 15-22g/min, is taken between road
Connecing rate is 30-50%, protection air-flow amount 0.3-0.5MPa, spot size 3-3.4mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111549256A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal |
| CN113235087A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-10 | 芜湖舍达激光科技有限公司 | Process for zinc pot roller shaft sleeve surface laser cladding |
| CN113862660A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-31 | 江阴市东泰管件有限公司 | High-compression-resistance butt-welded elbow and machining process thereof |
| CN115747785A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-07 | 长沙大科激光科技有限公司 | Laser-cold spraying composite remote high-speed laser cladding method |
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| CN111549256A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-18 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal |
| CN111549256B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-06-01 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Method for improving performance of tin-based babbitt metal |
| CN113235087A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-10 | 芜湖舍达激光科技有限公司 | Process for zinc pot roller shaft sleeve surface laser cladding |
| CN113862660A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-31 | 江阴市东泰管件有限公司 | High-compression-resistance butt-welded elbow and machining process thereof |
| CN113862660B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-11-14 | 江阴市东泰管件有限公司 | High-compression-resistance butt-welded elbow and processing technology thereof |
| CN115747785A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-07 | 长沙大科激光科技有限公司 | Laser-cold spraying composite remote high-speed laser cladding method |
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