CN108847578B - Microwave lightning protection method and system for ancient buildings - Google Patents
Microwave lightning protection method and system for ancient buildings Download PDFInfo
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- CN108847578B CN108847578B CN201810699088.9A CN201810699088A CN108847578B CN 108847578 B CN108847578 B CN 108847578B CN 201810699088 A CN201810699088 A CN 201810699088A CN 108847578 B CN108847578 B CN 108847578B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
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- H01T19/04—Devices providing for corona discharge having pointed electrodes
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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Abstract
The application provides a microwave lightning protection method and a microwave lightning protection system for ancient buildings, wherein the lightning protection method comprises the following steps: receiving weather information of the environments where the historic buildings are located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor; traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists; if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere; determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle; and generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator. The lightning protection method can effectively solve the problem that the traditional lightning protection method for the historic building damages the historic building.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building lightning protection, in particular to a microwave lightning protection method and system for an ancient building.
Background
Lightning is a natural electrical discharge phenomenon, which generally occurs in strong convection clouds, and the physical and dynamic process interaction of the clouds causes a large number of partitioned accumulations of positive and negative charges in the clouds. When lightning occurs, the positive and negative charges are neutralized, a narrow discharge channel is formed between the cloud layer and the ground or between the cloud layer and the cloud layer, and huge current and electromagnetic radiation of the lightning attempt to cause huge damage to buildings. The conventional method of preventing lightning is to use a lightning rod, which is generally installed on an object to be protected, or a lightning protection facility is installed on an important facility, and to guide a discharge current to the ground in order to prevent lightning from directly attacking a building. Ancient buildings are usually made of wood materials, which become very dry over thousands of years and become less electrically resistive in humid weather, especially in rain; and the inside dust that accumulates all the time of a year of ancient building, easily accumulate static, the thunder and lightning is introduced easily to the electric charge that the ancient building inside carried. As the ancient buildings are relatively poor in stability in long-term use, the ancient buildings are extremely easy to damage by fire disasters caused by lightning strikes. The ancient architecture itself is long in the years, so lightning protection measures are less or lightning protection facilities are invalid, and the probability of lightning stroke received by the ancient architecture is increased. And most of ancient buildings are built on mountains or in the field, and other buildings are not built around the ancient buildings, so that the probability of lightning striking the ancient buildings is further increased.
In order to avoid ancient building to be hit by the thunder and lightning, carry out the lightning protection transformation among the prior art on ancient building's basis usually, set up lightning triggering facility promptly on ancient building, the thunder and lightning that produces in making the thundercloud can transmit into the underground through lightning triggering facility, avoids direct action on ancient building. In practical application, the lightning guiding device comprises a lightning receptor and a grounding body connected with the lightning receptor through a lead. Wherein a lightning receptor, such as a lightning rod, is arranged on the top of the historic building and at a sufficiently high distance above the top of the historic building; the grounding body is buried underground.
However, when the lightning protection that goes on ancient building was reformed transform, inevitably can reform transform or rebuild ancient building's outward appearance for ancient building receives permanent destruction on structure and outward appearance, is unfavorable for the ancient ways protection. And, be limited by the protection to ancient building, the grounding body that buries in the underground can not directly bury deeply under ancient building, can only bury in the underground around ancient building, and the arrester rethread pin connection grounding body at every ancient building top, this not only prolongs lead wire length, influences the whole pleasing to the eye degree of ancient building, and because the voltage of thunder and lightning is higher moreover, conventional lead wire is very easy at the in-process that transmits the thunder and lightning and further causes the conflagration.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a microwave lightning protection method and system for an ancient building, and aims to solve the problem that the traditional lightning protection method for the ancient building damages the ancient building.
The application in a first aspect provides a microwave lightning protection method for ancient buildings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving weather information of the environments where the historic buildings are located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor;
traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: microwave frequency, particle concentration and emission angle;
and generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator.
Optionally, the specific step of traversing the weather information and determining whether there is a dangerous atmospheric electric field strength with the atmospheric electric field strength greater than or equal to the lightning early warning threshold includes:
determining the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity of which the atmospheric electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the lightning early warning threshold;
determining an in-doubt atmospheric electric field strength sensor corresponding to the in-doubt atmospheric electric field strength;
determining at least two auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensors with the plane distance to the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor being smaller than or equal to a preset adjacent distance;
and traversing the auxiliary weather information sent by each auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the auxiliary weather information at least comprises: auxiliary atmospheric electric field strength;
and determining the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity with at least one auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to the preset fluctuating electric field intensity as the dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity.
Optionally, the specific step of determining the thundercloud orientation according to the intensity of the dangerous atmospheric electric field includes:
determining the position of a focus sensor corresponding to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
arranging the intensity of dangerous atmosphere electric field corresponding to each focus sensor in a preset detection range from high to low, and determining at least three first focus sensors as drawing sensors;
acquiring the detection coverage range of each drawing sensor;
and superposing all the detection coverage areas to determine the thundercloud orientation.
Optionally, the specific step of determining the operating parameters of the microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the hazardous atmosphere includes:
acquiring position information of each lightning-induced tower;
determining the lightning attracting tower with the shortest distance to the thundercloud as a target lightning attracting tower according to the thundercloud position and the position information of the lightning attracting tower;
determining a lightning attracting path according to the thundercloud azimuth and the position information of the target lightning attracting tower;
and determining the working parameters of the microwave generator according to the lightning triggering path.
Optionally, the lightning protection method further comprises:
calculating the maximum length and the maximum diameter of the effective particle passage according to the working parameters;
calculating the lightning guiding diameter according to the lightning guiding path and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
comparing the maximum length to the lightning strike path, comparing the maximum diameter to the lightning guide diameter, and increasing lightning arresting particles if the maximum length is less than or equal to the lightning strike path and/or the maximum diameter is less than or equal to the lightning guide diameter.
Optionally, the specific steps after the microwave generator emits the particles according to the lightning protection instruction further include:
collecting a particle atomization value by a particle content sensor, and sending the atomization value to a main controller;
if the atomization value is smaller than or equal to the preset standard atomization value, the microwave generator continuously emits particles according to the current lightning protection instruction;
and if the atomization value is larger than the preset standard atomization value, the main controller reforms the next working parameter of the microwave generator according to the current atomization value and the thundercloud method, generates a next lightning protection instruction according to the next working parameter, and sends the next lightning protection instruction to the microwave generator.
Optionally, the lightning protection method further comprises:
recording all working parameters of the microwave generator;
analyzing the parameter variation trend of the microwave generator in the preset lightning triggering path length according to all the working parameters, wherein the parameter variation trend at least comprises the following steps: the rising trend of the atomization value and the microwave frequency;
and matching the fixed working parameters to the fixed lightning triggering path length range according to the parameter variation trend.
Optionally, after the step of determining the thundercloud orientation according to the intensity of the dangerous atmosphere electric field, the lightning protection method further includes:
generating an alarm instruction according to the thundercloud orientation;
sending the alarm instruction to an alarm to enable the alarm to send an alarm signal;
receiving a confirmation instruction which is sent by the mobile equipment and is fed back aiming at the alarm signal;
and determining the working parameters of the ultraviolet laser according to the confirmation instruction.
Optionally, the specific step of receiving the weather information of the environment where the historic building is located, sent by each atmospheric electric field strength sensor, includes:
detecting the electric field intensity of the historic building environment according to a sensitive chip arranged in the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, and outputting a detection value;
sending the output detection value to a signal processing device, and respectively carrying out I/V conversion, differential amplification and A/D conversion on the detection value;
and extracting a mounting position corresponding to the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor as the position information.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an ancient building microwave lightning protection system, its characterized in that, lightning protection system includes:
the system comprises an atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, a microwave generator and a main controller, wherein the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and the microwave generator are respectively connected with the main controller;
the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor is configured to acquire weather information of an environment where the historic building is located and send the weather information to the main controller;
the main controller is configured to receive weather information of the environment where the historic building is located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field strength sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field strength sensor and atmospheric electric field strength corresponding to each sensor;
traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: microwave frequency, particle concentration and emission angle;
generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator;
the microwave generator is configured to receive the lightning protection instruction sent by the main controller and emit particles according to the lightning protection instruction;
the lightning protection system further comprises: the lightning-induced towers are arranged on the periphery of the historic building and are used for assisting the microwave generator to guide lightning to be conducted to a specified position;
and the grounding electrode is connected with the lightning-induced tower and is used for conducting lightning to the underground.
According to the technology, the application provides an ancient building microwave lightning protection method and system, wherein the lightning protection method comprises the following steps: receiving weather information of the environments where the historic buildings are located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor; traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists; if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere; determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: microwave frequency, particle concentration and emission angle; and generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator. During the use, open each atmosphere electric field intensity sensor and gather the weather information of ancient building place environment to the weather information conveying who will gather the gained sends main control unit. The main controller searches whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity exists according to the received weather information, if not, the current environment is normal, and lightning protection measures are not needed. If the lightning direction is in the dangerous atmosphere, the main controller needs to determine the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere and position the thundercloud direction where lightning can occur according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere. The main controller calculates working parameters corresponding to the microwave generator according to the positioned thundercloud position and the dangerous atmosphere electric field intensity, and then sends the working parameters to the particle reflector in the form of thunder prevention instructions to guide the microwave generator to emit particles, so that after the particles are atomized, a charged particle passage is formed between the thundercloud and the lightning-induced tower, and the thunder and lightning is guided to the underground by bypassing the ancient building. Lightning-induced tower and microwave generator etc. equipment all install at ancient building periphery to avoid lightning protection facility to cause destruction to ancient building's structure and outward appearance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightning protection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for receiving weather information in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining an electric field strength of a hazardous atmosphere in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining a thundercloud orientation in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for determining operating parameters of a microwave generator in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for adding lightning-arrest particles according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for re-determining operating parameters of a microwave generator in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for matching working parameters with lightning guiding paths in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for sending an early warning instruction in a lightning protection method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightning protection system with an alarm and a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic internal structural diagram of a signal processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the technical scheme provided by the application, the ancient building environment refers to a building main body comprising an ancient building and other objects nearby the building main body. For example, in the case of a tower type historic building, the tower body of the historic tower building is included, and the supporting construction facilities around the historic tower, and objects such as trees and the like which are easy to hit by lightning are also included, and the objects are not the historic building and have a crucial role in maintaining the historic building, so that other objects which are positioned nearby should be included when the environment of the historic building is defined. It should be noted that the ancient building environment does not only refer to a plane area, but also has a sufficient height, that is, the ancient building environment refers to a space area containing the ancient building and its surrounding objects, and the specific height of the space area should be determined according to the highest object in the area.
In the present application, thundercloud refers to a cloud layer that is prone to lightning strikes. The general lightning stroke types can be divided into four types, namely direct lightning, inductive lightning, lightning wave invasion and ball lightning. Wherein, the main parts which are harmful to the ancient architecture are direct lightning and ball lightning. In order to generate direct lightning and ball lightning, enough electric quantity must be accumulated, namely the electric field in the cloud layer needs to reach certain strength; then, air is punctured through a high-strength electric field to form a current channel; and the protruding objects cause sudden change of the surrounding electric field, and the opposite sign charges are induced. Therefore, in the technical scheme provided by the application, the thundercloud position has important significance for whether the lightning stroke of the ancient building is formed. And the accurate positioning of the thundercloud position is the key for implementing intelligent lightning protection of the ancient building.
In the technical scheme provided by the application, an implementation entity of the intelligent lightning protection method for the historic building is called as a microwave lightning protection system for the historic building, and the lightning protection system is composed of various devices arranged in the actual historic building environment. The device for detecting weather information is an atmospheric electric field intensity sensor; the device for implementing the lightning protection measures comprises a microwave generator, a lightning-induced tower and a grounding electrode, wherein the microwave generator at least comprises an ionization device and a blowing device; the means for controlling the overall system is a master controller. In addition, the lightning protection system can also comprise a signal processing device, an alarm device and the like, so that the lightning protection system can better implement a lightning protection method.
See fig. 1 and 2.
The application in a first aspect provides a microwave lightning protection method for ancient buildings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, receiving weather information of the environment where the historic building is located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor;
because the formation of thunderbolt needs sufficient electric field intensity, therefore in this embodiment, can acquire the weather information in the ancient building environment through atmospheric electric field intensity sensor earlier. In order to obtain more accurate weather information to the follow-up judgement, whether confirm to have the thunderbolt dangerous and fix a position thundercloud position, in this embodiment, should guarantee to have a plurality of atmospheric electric field strength sensors in ancient building environment, detect the atmospheric electric field strength of ancient building environment and ancient building environment top jointly through a plurality of atmospheric electric field strength sensors, in order to prevent appearing detecting inaccurate contingency. Obviously, the atmospheric electric field intensity value detected by the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor closer to the thundercloud position is larger, the noise reduction, modulation and demodulation of the signal are easier, and therefore the influence of the measurement error of the sensor on the detection result is avoided. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the atmospheric electric field strength sensor should be installed at a higher position as much as possible.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, in order to obtain more accurate and conveniently processed weather information, S100, the specific step of receiving the weather information of the environment where the ancient building is located, sent by each atmospheric electric field strength sensor, includes:
s101, detecting the electric field intensity of the historic building environment according to a sensitive chip arranged in the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, and outputting a detection value;
s102, sending the output detection value to a signal processing device, and respectively carrying out I/V conversion, differential amplification and A/D conversion on the detection value;
s103, using the detected value processed by the signal processing device as the atmospheric electric field strength, and extracting a mounting position corresponding to the atmospheric electric field strength sensor as the position information.
That is, in the present embodiment, the atmospheric electric field strength sensor may further include an excitation circuit module and a sensitive chip. The sensitive chip can be an MEMS (Micro-electro Mechanical Systems) sensitive chip, is a high-sensitivity resonant type coplanar electrode Micro electric field sensor, has excellent performance, has good linear relation between output and a measured electric field, and also has the advantages of small volume, low power consumption, no Mechanical wear, easy batch manufacturing, low cost and the like. The excitation circuit module can drive a bias electrode embedded around the motor, and a chip is packaged by using a high-resistivity insulating material, so that the same-frequency coupling noise can be further reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved.
S200, traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
and after receiving the weather information, the main controller screens and checks all the weather information. In this embodiment, the atmospheric electric field intensity sent by the plurality of atmospheric electric field intensity sensors may be sequentially determined to determine whether there is a dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, in order to obtain a more accurate dangerous atmosphere electric field strength, S200, traversing the weather information, and determining whether there is a dangerous atmosphere electric field strength with an atmosphere electric field strength greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold, includes:
s201, determining the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity of which the atmospheric electric field intensity is greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold;
s202, determining an in-doubt atmospheric electric field intensity sensor corresponding to the in-doubt atmospheric electric field intensity;
s203, determining at least two auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensors with the plane distance to the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor being smaller than or equal to a preset adjacent distance;
s204, traversing auxiliary weather information sent by each auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the auxiliary weather information at least comprises: auxiliary atmospheric electric field strength;
s205, determining at least one suspected atmosphere electric field intensity with the auxiliary atmosphere electric field intensity being larger than or equal to the preset fluctuating electric field intensity as a dangerous atmosphere electric field intensity.
And the main controller screens out the atmospheric electric field intensity which is greater than or equal to the lightning early warning threshold value for the first time from all the received weather information to serve as the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity. In order to avoid the interference of external factors in the suspected atmospheric electric field strength and the error of the atmospheric electric field strength, all the suspected atmospheric electric field strengths need to be screened for the second time. And finding out the corresponding atmospheric electric field intensity sensor for acquiring each suspected atmospheric electric field intensity as the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor. And finding two atmospheric electric field intensity sensors with the plane distance less than or equal to the preset adjacent distance by taking the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor as a center, and using the two atmospheric electric field intensity sensors as auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensors for judging whether the atmospheric electric field intensity detected by the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor is the real dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity. For example: in doubt, the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor A finds out auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensors B and C within 10 meters of the plane A. The main controller acquires weather information sent by the auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensor in a centralized manner as auxiliary weather information. According to the fact that thunderclouds caused by lightning strokes are not completely subjected to sudden changes of the atmospheric electric field intensity, but the cloud layers around the thunderclouds simultaneously have fluctuation changes of the atmospheric electric field intensity, only when auxiliary weather information detected by an auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensor exceeds a preset fluctuation electric field intensity, the fact that the cloud layers around the thunderclouds with suspected atmospheric electric field intensity also have fluctuation of the atmospheric electric field intensity can be proved, and then the fact that the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity is dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity is proved, and error information is not generated due to failure of the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor or interference of external environmental factors.
By judging the detection values of the plurality of atmospheric electric field intensity sensors, on one hand, more detection values can be obtained, so that more obvious detection values can be determined in the plurality of detection values, the influence of measurement errors or noise on the result is avoided, and the judgment result is more accurate; on the other hand, because the volume of the thundercloud is large, the electric field distribution in the whole thundercloud is not uniform, and the electric field distribution in the thundercloud cannot be accurately detected by one sensor, so that the subsequent determination of the thundercloud position is influenced, and therefore, in the embodiment, when the judgment is performed by a plurality of atmospheric electric field strength sensors, the subsequent determination of the thundercloud position can be facilitated.
In this embodiment, the lightning early warning value can be an experience value preset according to the weather condition of the area where the historic building environment is located, and in order to make the judgment result more accurate, the preset lightning early warning threshold value can be adjusted according to factors such as altitude, climate, in different areas and different months.
S300, if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
in this embodiment, after the atmospheric electric field intensity detected by the comparison and the preset lightning early warning threshold value, it can be determined that the atmospheric electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the detection result of the lightning early warning threshold value, and it can be predicted that the current ancient building environment is likely to be struck by lightning, therefore, the position of thundercloud can be further determined according to the sensor position of the atmospheric electric field intensity which is greater than or equal to the lightning early warning threshold value.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the method can be realized in the following ways:
one mode can determine the maximum atmospheric electric field intensity in the atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to the lightning early warning threshold value or more of all the atmospheric electric field intensities, then extract the position corresponding to the sensor which detects the maximum atmospheric electric field intensity, and take the detection range of the sensor as the thundercloud direction.
The present application further provides another way, specifically, referring to fig. 5, the specific step of determining the thundercloud orientation according to the intensity of the dangerous atmospheric electric field includes:
s301, determining the position of a focus sensor corresponding to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
s302, arranging the intensity of dangerous atmosphere electric field corresponding to each focus sensor in a preset detection range from high to low, and determining at least three previous focus sensors as depicting sensors;
s303, acquiring the detection coverage range of each drawing sensor;
and S304, overlapping all the detection coverage areas, and determining the thundercloud orientation.
The focus sensors can be distributed around the ancient building in a large area, effective distance contact exists between the focus sensors in order to ensure that the focus sensors for judgment are located in adjacent areas, a preset detection range needs to be set in advance according to experience values, and only the focus sensors in the same preset detection range can be used for carrying out follow-up judgment together. In the preset detection range, the atmospheric electric field intensity obtained by each focus sensor is firstly ranked from high to low to obtain the detection coverage range of each sensor, at least the focus sensors ranked at the first three are ensured to be obtained as the drawing sensors, and the number of the drawing sensors can be increased appropriately in order to ensure the accuracy of drawing. The coverage obtained by superposing the detection coverage of the depicting sensors is determined as the thundercloud orientation.
It should be noted that, in the technical solution provided in the present application, the thundercloud position is not limited to the plane range of the top of the ancient building environment, and as all cloud layers in a certain height in the air may form lightning striking the ancient building, the thundercloud position should also include the height of the thundercloud, and when the thundercloud height is located, more atmospheric electric field strength sensors are further needed to detect the atmospheric electric field strength, so that the thundercloud position is located by the distance between the sensor and the thundercloud.
S400, determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle;
when a lightning triggering task needs to be executed, particles in the air form plasma under the ionization action of an ionization device in the microwave generator, the plasma is stored in the microwave generator, a blowing device in the microwave generator performs pressure blowing on the plasma with a certain volume, the plasma forms a charged particle channel, and then lightning reaches a designated position along the channel to play a role of triggering lightning. The atomization value of the plasma, namely the volume of the plasma in the channel, the passage angle formed by the thundercloud azimuth, the microwave generator and the lightning-induced tower, namely the emission angle, and the ionization power capable of forming an effective charged particle channel can be adjusted according to the actual thundercloud azimuth and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, for example: if the thundercloud azimuth distance is too far and/or the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere is too high, the ionization power needs to be increased appropriately, and/or the plasma volume needs to be increased; if the thundercloud azimuth is close and/or the electric field strength of the hazardous atmosphere is low, then the ionization power needs to be reduced appropriately, and/or the plasma volume needs to be reduced.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for adjusting parameters of a microwave generator, and referring to fig. 6, the specific steps of determining the operating parameters of the microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the intensity of the dangerous atmosphere electric field include:
s401, acquiring position information of each lightning-induced tower;
s402, determining the lightning attracting tower with the shortest distance to the thundercloud as a target lightning attracting tower according to the thundercloud direction and the position information of the lightning attracting tower;
s403, determining a lightning attracting path according to the thundercloud azimuth and the position information of the target lightning attracting tower;
s404, determining working parameters of the microwave generator according to the lightning triggering path.
In order to save energy consumption and reduce the winding length of the lightning guide route around the historic building, an optimal lightning guide path needs to be worked out. The main controller can determine the lightning-induced tower with the shortest distance to the thundercloud azimuth by comparing the position information of the lightning-induced tower, and determine that the distance between the thundercloud azimuth and the target lightning-induced tower is the shortest effective guide distance, so that the path can be determined as a lightning-induced path. And finally, adjusting each working parameter of the microwave generator according to the distance of the actual lightning triggering path.
And S500, generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator.
The main controller sends the working parameters to the microwave generator in a lightning protection instruction form, guides the microwave generator to emit particles, forms a charged particle passage between the thundercloud and the lightning-induced tower, bypasses the ancient building with the thunder and lightning and guides the thunder and lightning to the underground. Lightning-induced tower and microwave generator etc. equipment all install at ancient building periphery to avoid lightning protection facility to cause destruction to ancient building's structure and outward appearance.
Optionally, referring to fig. 7, the lightning protection method further includes:
s601, calculating the maximum length and the maximum diameter of an effective particle passage according to the working parameters;
s602, calculating the lightning guide diameter according to the lightning guide path and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
s603, comparing the maximum length with the lightning guiding path, comparing the maximum diameter with the lightning guiding diameter, and increasing lightning-eliminating particles if the maximum length is less than or equal to the lightning guiding path and/or the maximum diameter is less than or equal to the lightning guiding diameter.
Because the length of the guiding path has a larger fluctuation range and the particle emission distance of the conventional microwave generator has a limit, if the lightning guiding path is too long and exceeds the maximum length of the effective charged particle path, the lightning can be weakened or even eliminated by adding lightning-eliminating particles, such as chemical particles which can generate chemical reaction with lightning and thus weaken or even eliminate the lightning, or particles with different charges with the lightning and thus weaken or even eliminate the lightning, so that the over-strong lightning can adapt to the maximum length of the effective charged particle path to meet the guiding condition.
In this embodiment, another scheme is provided, in which a particle guide tube is additionally provided at the emission port of the microwave generator, so that the particles are firstly gathered in the guide tube and then sprayed into the air, thereby causing the particles to have higher velocity to drift, and effectively prolonging the effective length of the charged particle path; and the movement of the particles is more directional, and the ineffective overflow distance of the particles in the air is reduced, so that the effective length of the charged particle passage is prolonged.
Optionally, referring to fig. 8, the specific steps after the microwave generator emits the particles according to the lightning protection instruction further include:
s701, collecting a particle atomization value by a particle content sensor, and sending the atomization value to a main controller;
s702, if the atomization value is smaller than or equal to a preset standard atomization value, the microwave generator continuously emits particles according to the current lightning protection instruction;
and S703, if the atomization value is larger than a preset standard atomization value, the main controller reforms the next working parameter of the microwave generator according to the current atomization value and the thundercloud method, generates a next lightning protection instruction according to the next working parameter, and sends the next lightning protection instruction to the microwave generator.
And after the microwave generator receives the lightning protection instruction, starting to emit particles for the first time according to corresponding working parameters, and enabling the emitted particles to reach the appointed thundercloud direction through atomization and overflow to form a lightning triggering path. But the atomization value of the particles gradually decays with the time and distance over which the particles drift. And (3) acquiring the particle concentration, namely the atomization value, in the lightning guiding path by using a particle content sensor every time interval by taking preset unit time as an interval, for example, 5 mu s as unit time, and further enabling a main controller to know whether the current atomization value can enable an ionization channel to be continuously effective or not. Once the atomization value is smaller than or equal to the preset standard atomization value, which indicates that the charged particle channel cannot be continuously communicated to effectively trigger lightning, the main controller is required to send a lightning protection instruction to the microwave generator again, so that the microwave generator emits particles again to increase the atomization value, and further, the effectiveness of the ionization channel is ensured.
In the working parameter setting method provided by the embodiment, the working parameters of the microwave generator can be continued by the previously determined working parameters. However, since the operating parameter is the maximum operating parameter set for the case where no significant change in the atomizing value occurs before the charged particle channel occurs in the air, if the operating parameter is continuously used, energy is easily wasted. The current atomization value in the lightning guiding path is collected through the particle content sensor, the working parameters of the microwave generator which meet the requirements of emitting particles again and forming an effective charged particle channel can be calculated by taking the current atomization value as the basis and combining the length of the lightning guiding path, and the energy consumption can be effectively reduced on the basis of fully taking the current atomization value as the basis.
Optionally, referring to fig. 9, the lightning protection method further includes:
s801, recording all working parameters of the microwave generator;
s802, analyzing the parameter variation trend of the microwave generator in the preset lightning triggering path length according to all the working parameters, wherein the parameter variation trend at least comprises the following steps: the rising trend of the atomization value and the microwave frequency;
and S803, matching the fixed working parameters to the fixed lightning-triggering path length range according to the parameter change trend.
All working parameters of the microwave generator are recorded, and the rising trend of the atomization value and the microwave frequency under the lightning triggering path length corresponding to the microwave generator can be correspondingly found through each working parameter. Therefore, analysis and summary are made, and the variation trend of the atomization value along with the lightning guiding path length, the variation trend of the atomization value along with the emission time and the variation of the microwave frequency along with the lightning guiding path length can be obtained. The corresponding fixed working parameters within the fixed lightning guiding path length range can be obtained. Once the matching relation is found, after the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere is detected, the working parameters can be directly specified according to the matching relation, and a large amount of operation time and energy consumption can be saved. The above process of establishing the operating parameters is only required if there is no recorded condition in the history matching relationship.
Optionally, referring to fig. 10, after the step of determining the thundercloud orientation according to the intensity of the hazardous atmosphere electric field, the lightning protection method further includes:
s901, generating an alarm instruction according to the thundercloud orientation;
s902, sending the alarm instruction to an alarm to enable the alarm to send an alarm signal;
s903, receiving a confirmation instruction which is sent by the mobile equipment and is fed back by aiming at the alarm signal;
and S904, determining the working parameters of the ultraviolet laser according to the confirmation instruction.
In this embodiment, when the detected atmosphere electric field intensity is the dangerous atmosphere electric field intensity through the judgement, then can send alarm instruction to the alarm, the alarm can produce corresponding warning signal after receiving alarm instruction, for example whistle, light warning light etc. to inform the staff. After receiving the alarm instruction, the worker can determine whether lightning protection work is necessary according to specific environmental conditions, if the lightning protection work is necessary, the worker sends a confirmation instruction to the main controller through the mobile device, and after receiving the confirmation instruction, the main controller executes a task of adjusting the working parameters of the ultraviolet laser.
Based on the lightning protection method, referring to fig. 1, the application provides an ancient building microwave lightning protection system, which is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises an atmospheric electric field intensity sensor 1, a microwave generator 3 and a main controller 2, wherein the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor 1 and the microwave generator 3 are respectively connected;
the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor 1 is configured to acquire weather information of an environment where a historic building is located and send the weather information to the main controller 2;
the main controller 2 is configured to receive weather information of an environment where the historic building is located, which is sent by each of the atmospheric electric field strength sensors 1, and the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field strength sensor and an atmospheric electric field strength corresponding to each sensor;
traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle;
generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator;
the microwave generator 3 is configured to receive the lightning protection instruction sent by the main controller 2 and emit particles according to the lightning protection instruction;
the lightning protection system further comprises: the lightning-induced towers 4 are arranged on the periphery of the historic building and are used for assisting the microwave generator to guide lightning to be conducted to a specified position;
and the grounding electrode 5 is connected with the lightning-induced tower, and the grounding electrode 5 is used for conducting lightning to the underground.
Optionally, referring to fig. 11, the lightning protection system further includes: an alarm 6 and a mobile device 7;
the alarm 6 is respectively connected with the main controller 2 and the mobile device 7;
the mobile device 7 is respectively connected with the alarm 6 and the main controller 2.
In some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 12, the system may further include a signal processing device 8 disposed inside the main controller 2, and the signal processing device 8 is internally provided with an I/V converter 81, a differential amplifier 82, and an a/D converter 83.
According to the technology, the application provides an ancient building microwave lightning protection method and system, wherein the lightning protection method comprises the following steps: receiving weather information of the environments where the historic buildings are located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor; traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists; if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere; determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle; and generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator. During the use, open each atmosphere electric field intensity sensor and gather the weather information of ancient building place environment to the weather information conveying who will gather the gained sends main control unit. The main controller searches whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity exists according to the received weather information, if not, the current environment is normal, and lightning protection measures are not needed. If the lightning direction is in the dangerous atmosphere, the main controller needs to determine the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere and position the thundercloud direction where lightning can occur according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere. The main controller calculates working parameters corresponding to the microwave generator according to the positioned thundercloud position and the dangerous atmosphere electric field intensity, and then sends the working parameters to the particle reflector in the form of thunder prevention instructions to guide the microwave generator to emit particles, so that after the particles are atomized, a charged particle passage is formed between the thundercloud and the lightning-induced tower, and the thunder and lightning is guided to the underground by bypassing the ancient building. Lightning-induced tower and microwave generator etc. equipment all install at ancient building periphery to avoid lightning protection facility to cause destruction to ancient building's structure and outward appearance.
It should be noted that, in specific implementations, the present invention also provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a program, and when the program is executed, the program may include some or all of the steps in each embodiment of the user identity service providing method or the user registration method provided by the present invention. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a Random Access Memory (RAM).
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the techniques of the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as software plus a required general purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A microwave lightning protection method for ancient buildings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving weather information of the environments where the historic buildings are located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and atmospheric electric field intensity corresponding to each sensor;
traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle;
generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator;
acquiring position information of each lightning-induced tower;
determining the lightning attracting tower with the shortest distance to the thundercloud as a target lightning attracting tower according to the thundercloud position and the position information of the lightning attracting tower;
determining a lightning attracting path according to the thundercloud azimuth and the position information of the target lightning attracting tower;
and determining the working parameters of the microwave generator according to the lightning triggering path.
2. The lightning protection method according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of traversing the weather information and determining whether there is a dangerous atmospheric electric field strength with an atmospheric electric field strength greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value includes:
determining the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity of which the atmospheric electric field intensity is greater than or equal to the lightning early warning threshold;
determining an in-doubt atmospheric electric field strength sensor corresponding to the in-doubt atmospheric electric field strength;
determining at least two auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensors with the plane distance to the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity sensor being smaller than or equal to a preset adjacent distance;
and traversing the auxiliary weather information sent by each auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, wherein the auxiliary weather information at least comprises: auxiliary atmospheric electric field strength;
and determining the suspected atmospheric electric field intensity with at least one auxiliary atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to the preset fluctuating electric field intensity as the dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity.
3. The lightning protection method according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of determining the thundercloud orientation according to the intensity of the dangerous atmosphere electric field comprises:
determining the position of a focus sensor corresponding to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
arranging the intensity of dangerous atmosphere electric field corresponding to each focus sensor in a preset detection range from high to low, and determining at least three first focus sensors as drawing sensors;
acquiring the detection coverage range of each drawing sensor;
and superposing all the detection coverage areas to determine the thundercloud orientation.
4. The lightning protection method of claim 1, further comprising:
calculating the maximum length and the maximum diameter of the effective particle passage according to the working parameters;
calculating the lightning guiding diameter according to the lightning guiding path and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
comparing the maximum length to the lightning strike path, comparing the maximum diameter to the lightning guide diameter, and increasing lightning arresting particles if the maximum length is less than or equal to the lightning strike path and/or the maximum diameter is less than or equal to the lightning guide diameter.
5. The lightning protection method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps after the microwave generator emits the particles according to the lightning protection instructions further comprise:
collecting a particle atomization value by a particle content sensor, and sending the atomization value to a main controller;
if the atomization value is smaller than or equal to the preset standard atomization value, the microwave generator continuously emits particles according to the current lightning protection instruction;
and if the atomization value is larger than a preset standard atomization value, the main controller reforms the next working parameter of the microwave generator according to the current atomization value and the thundercloud direction, generates a next lightning protection instruction according to the next working parameter, and sends the next lightning protection instruction to the microwave generator.
6. The lightning protection method of claim 5, further comprising:
recording all working parameters of the microwave generator;
analyzing the parameter variation trend of the microwave generator in the preset lightning triggering path length according to all the working parameters, wherein the parameter variation trend at least comprises the following steps: the rising trend of the atomization value and the microwave frequency;
and matching the fixed working parameters to the fixed lightning triggering path length range according to the parameter variation trend.
7. The lightning protection method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of determining the orientation of the thundercloud based on the intensity of the hazardous-atmosphere electric field, the lightning protection method further comprises:
generating an alarm instruction according to the thundercloud orientation;
sending the alarm instruction to an alarm to enable the alarm to send an alarm signal;
receiving a confirmation instruction which is sent by the mobile equipment and is fed back aiming at the alarm signal;
and determining the working parameters of the ultraviolet laser according to the confirmation instruction.
8. The lightning protection method according to claim 1, wherein the specific step of receiving weather information of the environment where the ancient building is located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, comprises the following steps:
detecting the electric field intensity of the historic building environment according to a sensitive chip arranged in the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, and outputting a detection value;
sending the output detection value to a signal processing device, and respectively carrying out I/V conversion, differential amplification and A/D conversion on the detection value;
and extracting a mounting position corresponding to the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor as the position information.
9. The utility model provides an ancient building microwave lightning protection system which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises an atmospheric electric field intensity sensor, a microwave generator and a main controller, wherein the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor and the microwave generator are respectively connected with the main controller;
the atmospheric electric field intensity sensor is configured to acquire weather information of an environment where the historic building is located and send the weather information to the main controller;
the main controller is configured to receive weather information of the environment where the historic building is located, which is sent by each atmospheric electric field strength sensor, wherein the weather information at least comprises position information of each atmospheric electric field strength sensor and atmospheric electric field strength corresponding to each sensor;
traversing the weather information, and judging whether dangerous atmospheric electric field intensity with atmospheric electric field intensity being greater than or equal to a lightning early warning threshold value exists;
if the dangerous atmosphere exists, determining the thundercloud orientation according to the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere;
determining working parameters of a microwave generator according to the thundercloud orientation and the electric field intensity of the dangerous atmosphere, wherein the working parameters at least comprise: ionization power and emission angle;
generating a lightning protection instruction according to the working parameters, and sending the lightning protection instruction to a microwave generator;
the microwave generator is configured to receive the lightning protection instruction sent by the main controller and emit particles according to the lightning protection instruction;
the lightning protection system further comprises: the lightning-induced towers are arranged on the periphery of the historic building and are used for assisting the microwave generator to guide lightning to be conducted to a specified position;
and the grounding electrode is connected with the lightning-induced tower and is used for conducting lightning to the underground.
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| CN110768107A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-07 | 深圳市中航比特通讯技术有限公司 | Lightning arrester and method for non-lightning-induced ground |
| CN111665397B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-13 | 宁夏中科天际防雷检测有限公司 | Ancient building lightning protection method based on risk degree identification |
| CN111521878B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-13 | 宁夏中科天际防雷检测有限公司 | Method for judging regional lightning stroke risk degree |
| CN113594874B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Active lightning attracting device |
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| CN103594931A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-02-19 | 山东科技大学 | Active type microwave induction lightning protection system |
| CN204440611U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 厦门大恒科技有限公司 | A kind of Lightning Warning system based on distributed arrangement's lightning monitoring device |
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