Easily-angle-adjustable core rail clamping device applicable to core rails of various types
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rail clamping technology, in particular to a core rail clamping device which is applicable to core rails of various types and is easy to adjust in angle and used for clamping a double-sided milling machine.
Background
The core rail is a key part on a railway frog, and in the process of processing the core rail, a blank is required to be forged firstly and then put on a milling machine for milling, so that a product meeting the design requirement can be obtained. Clamping is critical when milling upper and lower planes, because the two sides of the tip and the tail of the core rail are inclined planes, and the angles of each model are different. In a set of equipment, it is difficult to make the different types of rail side inclined surfaces effectively fit with the installation base surface of the equipment. For example, the included angles of two side surfaces of the center rail tip are 3.26 degrees and 2.478 degrees, the angles are different, the lengths are different, and the plane shape and position precision is not high. Thereby causing the technical problems that the inclined surface of the center rail cannot form an effective joint surface in the early clamping process, the center line of the center rail cannot be placed into a horizontal position to cause distortion of an upper plane and a lower plane, and the like,
In fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an early-stage core rail clamping device is shown, and as can be seen from the figure, an inclined plane on one side of a core rail is directly placed on a base, and the tail part of the core rail is tilted; because the core rail is a rough machining blank, the shape and position precision of the planeness and straightness of the side inclined surface is poor. When the tail end is filled with steel plates with different thicknesses, the joint part of the core rail and the base is in linear or point contact, and swing is easy to cause. For the above reasons, problems arise during processing: the workpiece vibrates greatly during milling, is unfavorable for large cutting amount and large feed processing, and has short service life, low processing efficiency and high cost. In addition, because the central line of the heart rail is not on the horizontal line and the tail end is tilted, the plane of the side inclined plane is usually subjected to concave milling, the processed plane is seriously distorted, the shape and position tolerance range is often exceeded, the product quality is affected, and the scrapping risk is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing the easily-angle-adjustable core rail clamping device suitable for core rails of various types.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following solution:
the utility model provides an easy angle regulation's core rail clamping device suitable for multiple model core rail, including the front end clamping piece and the middle part clamping piece that are used for clamping core rail inclined plane to and the afterbody clamping piece that is used for clamping core rail tail end, three clamping pieces all include positioner, clamp plate, jack, screw rod auxiliary member and base; a jack is arranged between one end of the pressing plate and the base, and the other end of the pressing plate is used for pressing the heart rail; the screw auxiliary piece is used as a supporting piece of the pressing plate, one end of the screw auxiliary piece is fixed on the base, and the other end of the screw auxiliary piece passes through the middle part of the pressing plate and then is sleeved with a fastening nut; the positioning device is fixed on the base; the front end clamping piece and the middle clamping piece both comprise cambered surface base components consisting of cambered surface bases and movable core blocks; the cambered surface base is in a boss shape, the bottom of the cambered surface base is fixed on the base, and the upper surface of the boss is provided with a concave semi-cylindrical cambered surface; the main body of the movable core block is cylindrical, a plane parallel to the axis is milled on the side part, and positioning bosses higher than the cylindrical surface of the main body are arranged at two ends of the main body and used for clamping two ends of the boss of the cambered surface base; the cylindrical surface of the movable core block is in clearance fit with the semi-cylindrical cambered surface on the cambered surface base, and the side plane of the movable core block is used for placing a core rail.
In the invention, the three clamping pieces comprise free leveling combined pads arranged between the pressing plate and the heart rail; the free leveling combined pad consists of an outer spherical surface circular sheet and an inner conical hole circular sheet: the outer sphere wafer is provided with upper and lower parallel surfaces, and the outer surface between the upper and lower surfaces is a part of a sphere; the inner taper hole wafer is provided with upper and lower surfaces which are parallel, and an inverted taper counter bore which is concave is arranged on the upper surface; the inner taper hole wafer is only contacted with the spherical surface of the outer spherical wafer by the upper edge of the inverted taper counter bore.
In the invention, the positioning device is a positioning block or an adjustable positioning device.
In the invention, the tail clamping piece comprises an adjustable supporting top which is arranged between the tail of the heart rail and the base.
In the invention, the base is fixed on the operation desk bracket through the screw.
In the invention, a compression spring is arranged in the screw auxiliary piece.
In the invention, the outer spherical surface circular sheet and the inner conical hole circular sheet are hollow annular circular sheets.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:
1. The core rail clamped by the device disclosed by the invention always maintains a horizontal state in the axial direction, and ensures that the side inclined plane is vertical to the upper surface and the lower surface. After the core rail is pressed, the core rail is extruded by side force in cutting processing and cannot move backwards, and the clamping performance is reliable.
2. Because the cambered surface base component is adopted, the mounting base surface at the lower part of the heart rail is good, the contact area range is large and wide, and the stability and the rigidity of the heart rail are improved.
3. The free leveling combined pad can further ensure that the pressing plate keeps a horizontal state to press the workpiece, and the stability and rigidity of clamping the core rail are improved.
4. The core rail clamping device is beneficial to cutting of a cutter disc, improves milling efficiency and prolongs the service life of an alloy blade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art core rail clamping apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a center rail clamping apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG.4 is a view in the direction K of FIG. 2;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the cambered surface base assembly (front view on the right side and right view on the left side);
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the cambered surface base (the right side is a front view, and the left side is a right view);
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the movable core block (front view on the left side, cross-sectional view in the B-B direction on the right side);
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a free-leveling pad assembly.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1, positioning blocks; 2 backing plates; 3 jack; 4 screw auxiliary parts; 5, pressing plates; 6, freely leveling the combined pad; 6.1, an outer sphere wafer; 6.2, an inner taper hole wafer; 7, a cambered surface base assembly; 7.1 cambered surface base; 7.2 moving heart blocks; 8, a base; 9, an adjustable supporting roof; 10 an adjustable positioning device; 11 heart rail.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The invention relates to an easily-angle-adjustable core rail clamping device suitable for various types of core rails, which comprises a front clamping piece and a middle clamping piece for clamping the inclined surface of a core rail 11 and a tail clamping piece for clamping the tail end of the core rail 11, wherein the three clamping pieces comprise a positioning device, a pressing plate 5, a jack 3, a screw auxiliary piece 4 and a base 8; a jack 3 is arranged between one end of the pressing plate 5 and the base 8, and the other end of the pressing plate 5 is used for pressing a heart rail 11; the screw auxiliary member 4 is used as a supporting member of the pressing plate 5, one end of the screw auxiliary member is fixed on the base 8, and the other end of the screw auxiliary member passes through the middle part of the pressing plate 5 and is sleeved with a fastening nut; the positioning device is fixed on the base 8. The positioning device is either a positioning block 1 (for front and middle clamps) or an adjustable positioning device 10 (for tail clamps). The base 8 is fixed on the console bracket by screws.
The front end clamping piece and the middle clamping piece comprise cambered surface base assemblies 7 consisting of cambered surface bases 7.1 and movable core blocks 7.2; wherein, the cambered surface base 7.1 is in a boss shape, the bottom of the cambered surface base is fixed on the base 8, and the upper surface of the boss is provided with a semi-cylindrical cambered surface which is concave inwards; the main body of the movable core block 7.2 is cylindrical, a plane parallel to the axis is milled on the side part, and positioning bosses higher than the cylindrical surface of the main body are arranged at two ends of the main body and used for clamping two ends of the boss of the cambered surface base 7.1; the cylindrical surface of the movable core block 7.2 is in clearance fit with the semi-cylindrical cambered surface on the cambered surface base 7.1, and the side plane of the movable core block 7.2 is used for placing the core rail 11. The tail clamping piece is not provided with the cambered surface base component 7, but is arranged between the tail of the heart rail 11 and the base 8 through the adjustable supporting top 9.
The three clamps each comprise a free leveling combination pad arranged between the pressing plate and the core rail, and the free leveling combination pad is used for replacing a steel plate or a cushion block in the traditional clamp. The free leveling combined pad 6 consists of an outer spherical surface circular sheet 6.1 and an inner conical hole circular sheet 6.2: the outer sphere wafer 6.1 has upper and lower parallel surfaces, and the outer surface between the upper and lower surfaces is a part of a sphere; the inner taper hole wafer 6.2 is provided with upper and lower parallel surfaces, and the upper surface is provided with an inwards concave inverted taper counter bore; the inner conical hole wafer 6.2 is only contacted with the spherical surface of the outer spherical surface wafer 6.1 by the upper edge of the inverted conical counter bore. The outer spherical surface circular sheet 6.1 and the inner conical hole circular sheet 6.2 can be hollow annular circular sheets, and the circular sheets with annular structures can disperse acting force to the periphery.
The following further describes the product of the invention:
in order to enable the core rail of different models to keep good contact surface under different angle states, the clamp is designed completely. The cambered surface base assembly 7 is designed and applied to solve the technical problems that an effective joint surface cannot be formed on a central rail inclined surface in the early clamping process, and an upper plane and a lower plane are twisted due to the fact that a central line of the central rail cannot be placed into a horizontal position.
As shown in fig. 5-7, in the cambered surface base assembly 7, the cambered surface base 7.1 is a boss-shaped structural member, and a high-precision concave semi-cylindrical cambered surface is arranged in the middle of the table top, so that the movable core block 7.2 can be precisely assembled. Four corners of the cambered surface base 7.1 are provided with four through holes for screw installation and fixation. The two ends of the movable core block 7.2 are provided with positioning bosses, so that the two ends of the cambered surface 7.1 of the base can be effectively clamped, and the movable core block 7.2 can generate radial movement (can not move axially) through mutual clearance fit, and the inner cambered surface and the outer cambered surface form effective contact surfaces. The inclined planes of the core rails 11 with different angles can be placed on the plane of the movable core block to form surface contact, and as the arc surface of the movable core block 7.2 rotates and slides around the axis, the movable core block can randomly swing in the radial direction; and the horizontal state is kept all the time in the axial direction, so that the side inclined plane is ensured to be vertical to the upper surface and the lower surface. The core rail 11 is pressed by lateral force in cutting processing and cannot move backwards, and the clamping performance is reliable. By adopting the cambered surface base 7.1, the lower installation base surface of the core rail 11 is good, the contact area range is large and wide, the stability and rigidity of the core rail are improved, the milling is facilitated, and the service life of the alloy blade is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 8, the free leveling combined pad 6 is formed by superposing an inner taper hole circular disc 6.1 and an outer spherical disc 6.2, and can be freely attached to the lower part of the pressing plate 5 and the upper inclined surface of the core rail 11 according to different inclined surfaces, so that the pressing plate 5 can be ensured to be kept in a horizontal state to press a workpiece, the clamping stability and rigidity of the core rail 11 are improved, the cutting of a cutter disc is facilitated, the milling efficiency is improved, and the service life of an alloy blade is prolonged.
Example of a head rail installation method:
as shown in figure 2, one side of the core rail 11 is inclined downwards and is placed on the cambered surface base assembly 7, the lower part of the cambered surface base 7.1 is fixed on the base 8, two sets of cambered surface bases (used for clamping two core rails 11) can be simultaneously installed at two ends of the base 8, wherein the cambered surface base 7.1 in the front end clamping piece can be additionally provided with a backing plate 2 with the height adjusted according to the situation, and the tail ends with different heights are supported by the adjustable supporting heads 9 in the tail clamping piece. The number of the free leveling combination pad 6, the pressing plate 5 and the backing plate 2 can be increased according to actual needs. The front end of the pressing plate 5 is pressed on the free leveling combined pad 6, the rear end of the pressing plate is pressed on the jack 3, the fastening nut of the screw auxiliary piece 4 is screwed down, and the compression spring in the screw auxiliary piece 4 can prop against the pressing plate when the fastening nut is dismounted, so that the next clamping is convenient, and the work efficiency is improved. The positioning block 1 and the adjustable positioning device 10 play a role in positioning and limiting, and are convenient for repeated clamping. The adjustable positioning device 10 belongs to the prior art, and can also adjust the parallelism of the upper plane and the lower plane of the core rail 11 in clamping positioning adjustment, so that the machining precision is ensured.