CN108813079A - 一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯及其制备方法,(1)取新鲜榴莲白瓤,切割成条状或片状,厚度控制在3‑5mm,用去离子水冲洗,得白瓤肉;(2)将白瓤肉放入热烫液中进行热烫处理,待热烫液冷却至常温后,继续处理白瓤肉2‑3h;(3)将步骤(2)处理后的白瓤肉漂洗、沥干,浸入发酵液中;(4)取发酵后榴莲白瓤肉,洗净沥干水分,浸入糖液,620~660毫米汞柱真空度下升温,沸腾后煮制15‑25min;待降温至常温后,再常温渗糖8‑10h;(5)将步骤(4)处理后的白瓤肉双面烘干后冷却至常温,然后通风中放置8‑10h;(6)在回软后的白瓤肉片上均匀撒上一层白糖粉即得。通过该方法得到的榴莲白瓤果脯产品较为完整地保留了榴莲白瓤中的营养成分,并且健康美味。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,具体的说是一种发酵保健榴莲果脯及其制备方法。
背景技术
榴莲(学名:Durio zibethinus Murr),是一种巨型的热带常绿乔木,果实足球大小,果皮坚实,密生三角形刺,果肉是由假种皮的肉包组成,肉色淡黄,粘性多汁是一种极具经济价值的水果,被誉为“水果之王”,消费极广。
公开号为CN 103960453A的中国发明申请公开了一种榴莲果脯及其加工方法。具体包括:以新鲜榴莲实为原料,首先对原料果进行清洗,切分、取肉、去种子得果肉苞,接下来对榴莲果肉苞进行酶解、护色、糖渍处理,最后通过烘干、冷却等工序制备成成品。该申请采用的是新鲜榴莲实为原料。
榴莲白瓤作为榴莲食用或加工副产物,被大量丢弃,不仅造成环境污染也对其中的部分营养资源造成浪费。榴莲白瓤具有祛除胃寒、滋润补阴、清热降火等功效。每100g榴莲白瓤含有碳水化合物9.7g、蛋白质2.7g、脂肪4.1g、单不饱和脂肪酸0.75g,具有极高的开发利用价值。
目前的果脯加工多采用直接升温、降温,不利于保持菠萝蜜原有风味和营养,且多采用硫熏技术,不利于人体健康。
发明内容
本发明提供一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯及其制备方法,通过该方法得到的榴莲白瓤果脯产品较为完整地保留了榴莲白瓤中的营养成分,并且健康美味。
一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)取新鲜榴莲白瓤,切割成条状或片状,厚度控制在3-5mm,用去离子水冲洗,得白瓤肉;
(2)将白瓤肉放入热烫液中进行热烫处理,热烫液中含护色剂和0.05%-0.08%CaCl,待热烫液冷却至常温后,继续处理白瓤肉2-3h;
(3)将步骤(2)处理后的白瓤肉漂洗、沥干,浸入发酵液中,发酵温度为33-38℃,发酵时长6-12h;
(4)取发酵后榴莲白瓤肉,洗净沥干水分,浸入糖液,620~660毫米汞柱真空度下升温,沸腾后煮制15-25min;待降温至常温后,再常温采用原糖液继续渗糖8-10h;
(5)将步骤(4)处理后的白瓤肉双面烘干后冷却至常温,然后通风中放置8-10h;
(6)在回软后的白瓤肉片上均匀撒上一层白糖粉即得。然后装入包装袋得成品。
优选地,步骤(2)中热烫处理温度为90~100℃;热烫处理时间为1-5min。
优选地,所述护色剂包括六偏磷酸钠、L-半胱氨酸和柠檬酸,以质量分数计在热烫液中的终浓度分别:0.2-0.6%六偏磷酸钠、0.3-0.6%L-半胱氨酸、0.4-1.7%柠檬酸组成。该浓度热烫液能有效保持榴莲内瓤色泽,防止褐变。
优选地,步骤(2)中冷却至常温后的继续处理过程中以及步骤(4)的常温渗糖过程中均采用脉冲方式间歇性处理。脉冲处理条件均为脉冲宽度3s,脉冲间隙1s,即每处理3s,暂停1s。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述发酵液为接种量0.5-2%的双菌发酵液,其中双菌为保加利亚乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌按体积比为1:1混合。该发酵液处理可赋予果脯独特风味,提高感官评定分数。此处的接种量是指复合菌整体的接种量为0.5-2%(体积比)。
优选地,步骤(4)中所述糖液中按质量百分比计含有如下成分:淀粉糖浆18~22%,蔗糖8~12%,低聚木糖8~12%,柠檬酸1~1.5%。
进一步优选地,步骤(4)中所述糖液为水溶液,水溶液中按质量百分比计含有如下成分:淀粉糖浆20%,蔗糖10%,低聚木糖10%,柠檬酸1.1%。
优选地,步骤(2)中的降温过程为:热烫液先冷却至70-80℃,保温15-20min后再冷却至35-50℃,维持15-20min后再冷却至常温;
优选地,步骤(4)中的升温过程为:糖液在5min内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10-15min,再升温至沸腾;降温过程中,糖液先冷却至35-45℃,维持15-20min后再冷却至常温;阶段式升温降温有利于防止细胞膜反渗透,更好的维持榴莲内瓤的风味及营养成分
优选地,步骤(5)的升温过程中,烘箱温度在10min内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10-15min,再升温。阶梯式升温烘烤工艺有利于果脯烘烤后总酚和芳香值的提高。
步骤(5)中的双面烘烤条件为:将浸渍好的榴莲白瓤肉均匀摆放至筛网,放入烘箱,烘箱温度升至55-60℃,烘烤6-8h;冷却至常温,对榴莲白瓤肉进行翻面,再升温至40-45℃,烘烤6-8h后。
进一步优选地,步骤(2)中的降温过程为:待热烫液先冷却至70℃,保温20min后再冷却至45℃,维持20min后再冷却至常温(20℃);步骤(4)中的升温过程为:糖液在5min内升温至40℃,保温15min,再升温至沸腾,沸腾后煮制20min;降温过程中,糖液先冷却至40℃,维持15min后再冷却至常温;步骤(5)的升温过程中,烘箱温度在10内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10min,再升至60℃,烘烤6h;冷却至30℃-40℃,保温10min,再降温至常温。
本发明利用保加利亚乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌的双菌发酵,在无硫处理下,采用温阶式升温降温,脉冲渗糖工艺,生产出质地柔软风味独特、营养美味的保健榴莲白瓤果脯,其具有滋润养阴、祛除胃寒、清热降火的功效。此外,添加低聚糖,有助于处理人体肠道健康。
利用双菌发酵制作榴莲白瓤果脯,既能为人们提供一种健康美味的果脯食品,又解决榴莲白瓤废弃物造成的环境污染和资源浪费。乳酸菌能利用可发酵碳水化合物在发酵过程中产生大量乳酸、有机酸、醇类物质和氨基酸等,并赋予榴莲白瓤果脯独特的风味和营养保健价值。
本发明还提供一种如所述制备方法制备得到的榴莲白瓤果脯。
本发明所述的常温若无特殊说明均指20-25℃范围。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)利用保加利亚乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌的双菌发酵,在无硫处理下,采用温阶式升温降温,脉冲渗糖工艺,生产出风味独特、营养健康的保健榴莲白瓤果脯。
(2)采用温阶式升温降温,能有效防止细胞膜反渗透,保持榴莲原有风味和营养价值。
(3)脉冲方式间歇性处理,显著缩短处理时间,有效保持榴莲白瓤营养及有效成分。
(4)添加淀粉糖浆可以使果脯甜味温和,酸甜可口,降低吸潮性增强储存性能。添加低聚糖可促进益生菌的生长繁殖,同时抑制肠道有害菌的生长。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,其目的在于更为具体、清晰地阐述本发明的内容而非限制本发明的保护范围。
发酵菌株购买于标准物质网(http://www.bzwzw.com)的德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(CICC-6047)和植物乳杆菌(CICC-6009)。
实施例1
本发明提供的一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、原料挑选:选择八成熟、无病虫害的新鲜榴莲,取白瓤;切成4mm厚条状或片状,用清水冲洗,得白瓤肉;
S2、将榴莲白瓤肉沥干后,于100℃热烫5min,热烫液中含护色剂和0.07%CaCl,待热烫液先冷却至70℃,保温20min后再冷却至45℃,维持20min后再冷却至常温(20℃),脉冲式处理白瓤肉3h;所述护色剂由0.5%六偏磷酸钠、0.6%L-半胱氨酸、1%柠檬酸组成;
S3、将浸泡后的榴莲白瓤肉漂洗、沥干,浸入发酵液中,发酵温度为35℃,发酵时长10h;所述发酵液接种量1%,其中保加利亚乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌的体积比为1:1;
S4、渗糖:取发酵后榴莲白瓤肉,洗净沥干水分,浸入糖液,620~660毫米汞柱真空度下升温,在5min内升温至40℃,保温15min,再升温至沸腾,沸腾后煮制20min;糖液先冷却至40℃,维持15min后再冷却至常温,在常温脉冲式渗糖10h;所述糖液为淀粉糖浆20%,蔗糖10%,低聚木糖10%,柠檬酸1.1%。
S5、将浸渍好的榴莲白瓤肉均匀摆放至筛网,放入烘箱,烘箱温度在10min内升温至30℃-40℃,保温15min,再升至60℃,烘烤6h;冷却至30℃-40℃,保温15min,再降温至常温,对榴莲白瓤肉进行翻面,再升温至45℃,烘烤6h后,冷却至常温,通风中放置10h;
S6、在回软后的榴莲白瓤肉片上均匀撒上一层薄薄的白糖粉,然后装入包装袋得成品,表征结果如表1所示。
表1保健榴莲白瓤果脯的性能表征数据
实施例2
本发明提供的一种保健榴莲白瓤果脯的制备方法,包括如下步骤:S1、原料挑选:选择八成熟、无病虫害的新鲜榴莲,取白瓤;切成4mm厚条状或片状,用清水冲洗,得白瓤肉;
S2、将榴莲白瓤肉沥干后,于100℃热烫2min,热烫液中含护色剂和0.05%CaCl,待热烫液先冷却至70℃,保温20min后再冷却至45℃,维持20min后再冷却至常温(20℃),脉冲式处理白瓤肉3h;所述护色剂由0.5%六偏磷酸钠、0.4%L-半胱氨酸、0.8%柠檬酸组成;
S3、将浸泡后的榴莲白瓤肉漂洗、沥干,浸入发酵液中,发酵温度为35℃,发酵时长8h;所述发酵液接种量2%,其中保加利亚乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌的体积比为1:1;
S4、渗糖:取发酵后榴莲白瓤肉,洗净沥干水分,浸入糖液,620~660毫米汞柱真空度下升温,在5min内升温至40℃,保温15min,再升温至沸腾,沸腾后煮制20min;糖液先冷却至40℃,维持15min后再冷却至常温,在常温脉冲式渗糖10h;所述糖液为淀粉糖浆20%,蔗糖10%,低聚木糖10%,柠檬酸1.1%。
S5、将浸渍好的榴莲白瓤肉均匀摆放至筛网,放入烘箱,烘箱温度在10内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10min,再升至60℃,烘烤6h;冷却至30℃-40℃,保温10min,再降温至常温,对榴莲白瓤肉进行翻面,再升温至45℃,烘烤6h后,冷却至常温,通风中放置10h;
S6、在回软后的榴莲白瓤肉片上均匀撒上一层薄薄的白糖粉,然后装入包装袋得成品,表征结果如表2所示。
表2保健榴莲白瓤果脯的性能表征数据
以上所述仅为本发明专利的具体实施案例,但本发明专利的技术特征并不局限于此,任何相关领域的技术人员在本发明的领域内,所作的变化或修饰皆涵盖在本发明的专利范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种榴莲白瓤果脯的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)取新鲜榴莲白瓤,切割成条状或片状,厚度控制在3-5mm,用去离子水冲洗,得白瓤肉;
(2)将白瓤肉放入热烫液中进行热烫处理,热烫液中含护色剂和质量浓度为0.05%-0.08%的CaCl2,待热烫液冷却至常温后,继续处理白瓤肉2-3h;
(3)将步骤(2)处理后的白瓤肉漂洗、沥干,浸入发酵液中,发酵温度为33-38℃,发酵时长6-12h;
(4)取发酵后榴莲白瓤肉,洗净沥干水分,浸入糖液,620~660毫米汞柱真空度下升温,沸腾后煮制15-25min;待降温至常温后,再常温渗糖8-10h;
(5)将步骤(4)处理后的白瓤肉双面烘干后冷却至常温,然后通风中放置8-10h;
(6)在回软后的白瓤肉片上均匀撒上一层白糖粉即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中热烫处理温度为90~100℃;热烫处理时间为1-5min。
3.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,所述护色剂包括六偏磷酸钠、L-半胱氨酸和柠檬酸,以质量分数计在热烫液中的终浓度分别:0.2-0.6%六偏磷酸钠、0.3-0.6%L-半胱氨酸、0.4-1.7%柠檬酸组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中冷却至常温后的继续处理过程中以及步骤(4)的常温渗糖过程中均采用脉冲方式间歇性处理。
5.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述发酵液为接种量0.5-2%的双菌发酵液,其中双菌为保加利亚乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌按体积比为1:1混合。
6.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述糖液中按质量百分比计含有如下成分:淀粉糖浆18~22%,蔗糖8~12%,低聚木糖8~12%,柠檬酸1~1.5%。
7.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中的降温过程为:热烫液先冷却至70-80℃,保温15-20min后再冷却至35-50℃,维持15-20min后再冷却至常温。
8.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中的升温过程为:糖液在5min内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10-15min,再升温至沸腾;降温过程中,糖液先冷却至35-45℃,维持15-20min后再冷却至常温。
9.根据权利要求1所述制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)的升温过程中,烘箱温度在10min内升温至30℃-40℃,保温10-15min,再升温。
10.一种如权利要求1~9任一项权利要求所述制备方法制备得到的榴莲白瓤果脯。
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