CN108811973A - A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system - Google Patents
A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108811973A CN108811973A CN201810651392.6A CN201810651392A CN108811973A CN 108811973 A CN108811973 A CN 108811973A CN 201810651392 A CN201810651392 A CN 201810651392A CN 108811973 A CN108811973 A CN 108811973A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, the indoor air inlet communicated including the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney, solar chimney lower end being arranged on the side wall body of greenhouse two sides and the upper end with wall sidewall upper；It meanwhile further including the exhaust outlet for the multiple air outlets of different sizes and greenhouse other side wall bottom being arranged at the top of greenhouse.The deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse is compensated for by the air outlet at the top of indoor air inlet and greenhouse to hot wind is sent in canopy using the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, provides preferable growth microenvironment for fruits and vegetables.Make the Temperature Distribution in canopy more uniform by air port of different sizes, in addition, the air outlet of size variation can also make the reduction of blower stagnation pressure, reduces entire ventilating system energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ventilating system that a kind of pair of greenhouse carries out increased winter temperature rising, specifically a kind of equilateral triangle greenhouses
Greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system.
Background technique
Greenhouse is a kind of important modern agriculture measure, while being also a complicated microenvironment ecosystem, because
This needs be suitable for make substance environment to adapt to its growth.Common greenhouse is frequently with the bone in bamboo-wood structure or steel construction
The artificial frame structure of film of one or more layers thermal insulation plastic film is covered with above frame.Identical as greenhouse effects, the film is at night
Prevent long-wave radiation in a large amount of canopy, material is thus formed independent greenhouse space make to have with night in the daytime in canopy it is good
Good temperature guarantee.In addition, outer membrane can effectively prevent the loss of carbon dioxide caused by fruits and vegetables respiration, promote
The photosynthesis of plant.Therefore, greenhouse can not be limited by outdoor climate conditions, and artificial creation is suitable for fruits and vegetables growth
Moist heat can adjust fruits and vegetables production season, promote fruits and vegetables counter-seas on production.However, under cold weather conditions, due to normal
Rule cover film is relatively thin, and thermal coefficient is big, and heat dissipation in canopy is caused comparatively fast, it is raw to be in most cases unable to reach fruits and vegetables in canopy in winter
Long required temperature range.
Currently, heat loss is reduced to the solution of the above problem is the additional insulating layer of covering mostly, to cover straw mat
For usual way.But cover these opaque materials not only and can reduce incident solar radiation in the daytime, and will affect plant into
Row photosynthesis reduces so as to cause temperature of shed simultaneously, and plant growth receives inhibition.In addition, the knot of conventional greenhouse
Structure feature is that length is longer, and solar radiation is unevenly distributed sooner or later, so that heat is uneven along greenhouse distribution of lengths, causes fruits and vegetables in canopy
The heated difference in vitellarium, to influence the quality of its growth.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art and insufficient, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equilateral triangle greenhouses too
Positive energy chimney draft system.
To realize above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention, which adopts the following technical solutions, to be achieved：
A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including being arranged on the wall of greenhouse two sides
On solar chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end and greenhouse wall side wall
Hold the indoor air inlet that communicates, at least provided with two air outlets at the top of greenhouse, the wind outlet sectional area of air outlet is from interior
For air inlet to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet, air outlet connects blower；Greenhouse other side wall bottom is equipped with
Exhaust outlet, air outlet are parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and air outlet is equilateral triangle or air outlet is the excellent of equilateral triangle
Change structure, optimization sideline structure is overlapped with temperature isopleth.
The optimization structure side equation of air outlet (4-4) and (4-6) contour line is as follows：
Y=y0+(A/w*sqrt(pi/2)))*exp(-2*((x-xc)/w)2
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；Remaining constant term parameter is y0=8.15；xc=2.1；A=4.855；
W=1.4.
Air outlet is integrally connect with a telescopic load carrier.
Air outlet shares 6, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements, the outer dimension of each column inner wind outlet
Identical, the outer dimension of adjacent column air outlet is different.
The relationship of three column air outlet side lengths is as follows, i.e. l2=1.375l1,l3=1.75l1,
In formula, l1, l2, l3The respectively side length in the first, second and third dispatch air port.
First, second, third column air outlet side length is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 700mm.
Air outlet is whole under load carrier drive to be moved up and down in vertical direction a certain range, and mobile range is
The 0-5m of lower section at 0.95H.
First row air outlet centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, remaining air outlet column pitch is at 4L/15
It arranges, the spacing of each air outlet is 1W/5 in each column, wherein L indicates greenhouse length, and W indicates greenhouse width.
First row air outlet, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center away from indoor air inlet be respectively 2m, 6m,
10m；The spacing in each air port is 3m in each column, and the mounting height of air outlet is 9.5m.
The air supply velocity of first row air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of secondary series air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of third column air outlet is：
In formula, v1,v2,v3Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity, l1, l2, l3Respectively first, second and third
The side length of column air outlet.
Compared with the existing technology, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention is directed to be greenhouse air-supply by solar chimney effect under cold season outdoor climate conditions, with
The heat loss of greenhouse reduction is supplemented, while improving the uniform heat distribution degree that plant growth takes, and then realizes greenhouse
Interior environmental Kuznets Curves.
1, the present invention uses passive solar energy technology, guarantees the microenvironment that fruits and vegetables are grown under cold conditions in winter, with
It is suitble to its normal growth in winter.In addition, the present invention uses clean renewable energy solar energy, heating canopy is driven using hot pressing
Interior air can greatly save the energy and power consumption compared with using traditional energy.
2, to guarantee that fruits and vegetables growth district is heated evenly in canopy, the present invention is arranged of different sizes more along canopy length direction
A equilateral triangle air outlet, the total amount of heat for guaranteeing that each column air port is sent out are consistent.And greenhouse inner blower open height position is combined to cut
The shape sideline of air outlet is optimized in the temperature field in face, establishes side equation, the more original air port in the air port of optimization
It is uneven with more superiority along greenhouse distribution of lengths to temperature is solved the problems, such as.
3, the growth of fruits and vegetables is not only influenced by temperature, while also by air speed influence.In the present invention, to guarantee temperature field
Uniformity, air outlet of different sizes is set in greenhouse length direction.Compared with using the air outlet of same size, using not
The total output needed with the blower of the air outlet power drive vertical fluid of size reduces, and realizes the energy-saving of ventilating system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention,
Fig. 2 is present invention ventilation schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is main view of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is side view of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is top view of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is air outlet layout drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is Ball shape nozzle of the present invention and equilateral triangle air port axis speed comparison diagram；
Fig. 8 is temperature profile at air outlet mounting height of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the present invention without air outlet facade velocity contour；
Figure 10 is that the present invention increases air outlet facade velocity contour；
Figure 11 is the present invention without pressure-plotting at air outlet mounting height；
Figure 12 is that the present invention has pressure at air outlet mounting height to be distributed；
Figure 13 is equilateral triangle air outlet temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Figure 14 is equilateral triangle air outlet optimization structure temperature distribution of contours figure of the present invention；
Figure 15 is that air outlet 4 of the present invention influences vitellarium temperature.
Figure acceptance of the bid scores and is not：1, outdoor air inlet；2, solar chimney；3, indoor air inlet；4, air outlet；5, air draft
Mouthful；6, load carrier；X, the bottom edge short transverse of the length direction of greenhouse or air outlet；Y, the width direction or air outlet of greenhouse
Bottom edge direction.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and its present invention is discussed in detail in specific embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 15, main thought of the invention is：Using solar chimney draught principle, by big in greenhouse
Solar chimney is built on canopy side (left and right sides in Fig. 1) wall, and outdoor air inlet, indoor air inlet and air draft are set
Mouthful, this mode is according to the Natural Ventilation Principle under hot pressing function, with solar radiation to the density contrast generated in solar chimney
For the driving force of air flowing, aerodynamic energy is converted by radiant heat energy, to increase air pressure head and exhaust air rate, and by heated sky
Pneumatic transmission enters chimney top, is sent directly into inside greenhouse by indoor air outlet 3.Above scheme is since jet stream is in greenhouse length
Direction exists in horizontal decaying and greenhouse short transverse there are vertical decrease, thus the present invention at the top of greenhouse along length side
Upwards, it according to air outlet vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed, provided with different size of multiple rectangular air outlets, determines simultaneously
The pressure of different air outlets, and air outlet 4 is optimized in conjunction with canopy temperature field, it is downward by air outlet 4 to guarantee
The hot-fluid heat of submitting is identical, realizes the uniformity of greenhouse micro environment control.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating systems, including setting to exist
The outdoor air inlet 1 of solar chimney 2,2 lower end of solar chimney on the wall of greenhouse side and the upper end and wall
The indoor air inlet 3 that sidewall upper communicates；It meanwhile further including the multiple air outlets of different sizes being arranged at the top of greenhouse
4 and greenhouse other side wall bottom exhaust outlet 5.
The characteristics of above-mentioned technical proposal using solar chimney hot pressing by being driven, the hot-air of solar energy heating is passed through
Solar chimney is sent into greenhouse, and various sizes of equilateral triangle air outlet 4, air outlet and greenhouse are arranged at the top of greenhouse
Top surface is similar, and air-supply mouth-shaped and Indoor Flow Field is made to coincide, and is conducive to reduce disturbance of the air-supply to air-flow, raising Temperature Distribution is equal
Even property, while the blower for controlling air outlet 4 is blown using different air supply velocities into canopy, is wanted in the wind speed for meeting fruits and vegetables vitellarium
The blower total output made while asking reduces, and different air outlet sizes also ensures that cold season is sent into heat in greenhouse chamber
Uniformity.Therefore, above-mentioned technical proposal utilizes the hot pressing effect of solar chimney, at the top of indoor air inlet 3 and greenhouse
Air outlet 4 to hot wind is sent in canopy, compensate for the deficiency of heat in winter greenhouse greenhouse, provided for fruits and vegetables preferably grow it is micro-
Environment.
The present invention according to《Greenhouse heating system construct and design specification》, as follows to the design of solar chimney 2：It determines first
The air capacity for needing to heat, i.e., the volume and rate of ventilation product in the required greenhouse heated.Rate of ventilation of the present invention is pressed《Greenhouse adds
Hot systems construct and design specification》Take 1 time/h.For guarantee sun wall system initial cost economy, and can obtain it is higher add
Hot temperature generally takes 30~50m in the air capacity for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through3/h·m2.Therefore, according to above
Data determine the usable floor area of solar wallboard, solar wallboard area=needs processing air capacity/unit area solar wallboard
By air capacity.
Preferably, the air outlet 4 shares 6, they are mounted at the top of greenhouse by load carrier 6, load-bearing dress
6 are set using frame body.
Through testing, 6 air ports make the Temperature Distribution in canopy more uniform, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column
Arrangement；6 air ports have been able to meet in canopy microenvironment requirement, arranged multiple air ports will will cause vegetable growth area overheat and
The wasting of resources.
For fruits and vegetables normal growth in canopy under guarantee in winter cold conditions, invention emphasis is will be above-mentioned multiple of different sizes
Air outlet 4 to the micro environment control carried out in canopy, generates the high hot-fluid of uniformity as a whole.The present invention will pass through following procedure
It determines each air outlet air supply velocity, outlet air heat and outlet style is optimized.
1, the determination of the air supply velocity of air outlet, outlet air heat
Firstly, the axis speed of isothermal jet is represented by following form：
In formula (1)：
v0Air outlet wind speed, m/s；
vmIsothermal jet axis speed, m/s；
A- turbulence factor, cylindrical jet pipe are 0.08, and slit spout is 0.11~0.12；
S- plasma jet range length, m；
R0Air-supply port radius or equivalent radius, m；
In present invention, it is desirable to calculating non-isothermal jet axis speed, the derivation of calculation formula is built upon preceding Soviet Union
On the basis of joining the obtained related research achievement of r.H. A Bola Abramovich, when jet stream is there are when temperature difference, non-isothermal difference is penetrated
Stream buoyancy item because of caused by fluid density contrast more than isothermal jet.Therefore, the air as caused by solar energy heating plate
The temperature difference has the acceleration a risenm：
In formula (2)：
amAir-flow climb acceleration (m/s2)；
TiAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the i-th column air-supply air outlet, K；
THAbsolute temperature of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
ΔT0=Ti-THThe jet stream temperature difference at-the i-th column air outlet, K；
G- acceleration of gravity, m/s2。
Therefore, it is needed in non-isothermal jet to jet axis speed vmIt is modified.For non-isothermal jet vm', if
Its axis speed knots modification dvm', for the jet stream that direction is downward, the acceleration of the jet stream isPeer-to-peer two
Side carries out the calculating formula of the available temperature difference circular jet axis speed vertically downward of time integral：
For equilateral triangle air port, when the ratio between the long side in its air port and short side are no more than 3:1, jet stream at this time can quickly from
Rectangle development is circle, then handles according to Circular Jet；When air port is equilateral triangle, then can be handled according to round air port,
And it should be with the equivalent radius R in equilateral triangle air port0It is calculated in the calculating formula of=0.565l substitution Circular Jet.It is final it is vertical to
Lower Heated Jets axis speed is expressed as form：
It consults《The practical heat supplying air conditioning design manual second edition》It is found that the turbulence factor of cylindrical spout is 0.08, for
The determination of turbulence factor a in formula (4) is then that compared by carrying out experiment test under isothermal jet operating condition using circular jetting
Mouth can release proposed by the present invention send as shown in Fig. 7 with using equilateral triangle air outlet stream axis speed proposed by the present invention
Turbulence factor value corresponding to air port 4 is 0.15.Therefore it brings a=0.15 into formula (4) and formula (5) can be obtained：
Since the present invention three arranges between air port, there are certain coupled relations, can not independently solve, in order to determine air outlet
Air supply velocity, still need to predefine at air-supply open area and air outlet with the temperature difference in vegetable growth section.According to common air-supply
Mouth size is arranged at 0.95H (H indicates greenhouse height) height in conjunction with the change of temperature field of greenhouse length direction
6 different size of square air outlets, arrange (see Fig. 1) at three column, and install breeze fan for them.From apart from solar energy
The side of chimney 2 is numbered, respectively the first air outlet 1, the second air outlet 2, third air outlet 3, the 4th air outlet 4,
Five air outlets 5, the 6th air outlet 6.First row air outlet considers that setting is apart from too based on hoisting safety and air-supply uniformity
It is positive can chimney air outlet 2L/15 (L indicates greenhouse length), remaining air outlet respectively arrange between interval 4L/15 arrange, in width direction
The spacing of air outlet is 1W/5 (W indicates greenhouse width) arrangement, as shown in Figure 6.
Each column air port identified below carries out out wind velocity respectively：
(1) determine first row air port goes out wind velocity：
Numerical Simulation is carried out in the case where no air outlet 4 to solar chimney greenhouse, to observe in greenhouse
Thermo parameters method；The temperature cloud picture at air outlet mounting height is intercepted, the Temperature Distribution along greenhouse length direction is obtained, is advised
Rule meets the expDec2 curve distribution in exponential function, and function expression is：
T1=-4.98 × 10-12exp(27.81x/L)-0.15exp(2.81x/L)+313.33(0≤x≤L) (6)
In formula：X is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m；T1For at 4 mounting height of greenhouse air outlet along greenhouse length direction absolute temperature, K；It will be in formula (6)
T1Formula (5) are substituted into as absolute temperature of the jet stream at air outlet 4, first row air outlet jet stream can be obtained to corresponding vitellarium
Locate axis speed：
It is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet, obtains adding at the 0.1H height of vitellarium
Weight average temperature THFor 305.56K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, penetrating at the height of vitellarium
Flow axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (7), is calculated at first row air outlet and goes out wind velocity v1,
Show for the heat one for sending out the air outlet of different installed positions and meets plant growth area Temperature Distribution
Reach uniformity, the present invention need to devise various sizes of air outlet along greenhouse length direction, to guarantee canopy temperature field point
Cloth is uniform.According to heat Calculation formula, air-supply heat is at first row air outlet：
In formula：C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
M- air-supply quality, kg；
The temperature difference at Δ T- first row air outlet and vitellarium, K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
(2) determine secondary series air port goes out wind velocity：
Numerical simulation mould is carried out under the operating condition for being disposed with first row air outlet to using the greenhouse of solar chimney
It is quasi-, obtain the Temperature Distribution in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains along greenhouse length direction
Temperature Distribution, rule meet the expDec2 curve distribution in exponential function, and function expression is
T2=4.54exp (- 3.26x/L)+296.05 (0≤x≤L) (10)
In formula：X is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (10)2As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, substitutes into formula (5), can obtain
To secondary series air outlet jet stream at corresponding vitellarium axis speed：
In formula (11), vitellarium 0.1H is calculated by the Indoor Flow Field Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet
Weighted mean T at heightHFor 305.56K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, in vitellarium
Jet axis speed v ' at heightmIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (11), is calculated at secondary series air outlet and goes out wind velocity v2：
Arrange that air port need to reach the requirement of balanced ventilation, in greenhouse in order to send out the air outlet of different installed positions
Heat reach uniformly, i.e. the air-supply heat of different location air outlet is identical, and the present invention designs different rulers along greenhouse length direction
The air outlet of very little size, to guarantee that canopy temperature field distribution is uniform.At first row air outlet and secondary series air outlet
Heat of blowing is equal, can obtain：
Q1=Q2
I.e.：
In formula：
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
l2Secondary series air outlet side length, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s；
v2Secondary series air outlet wind speed, m/s；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- air outlet along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (13) can obtain meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee air-supply heat identical lower second
Column air outlet side length l2With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship：
l2=1.375l1 (14)
(3) determine third column air port goes out wind velocity：
Numerical value is carried out under operating condition of the greenhouse of solar chimney when being disposed with the first, second column air outlet to using
Analogue simulation obtains the thermo parameters method in greenhouse.And the Temperature Distribution at air outlet mounting height is extracted, it obtains long along greenhouse
The Temperature Distribution in direction is spent, rule meets the expDec2 curve distribution in exponential function, and function expression is：
T3=-78.452exp (0.053x/L)+378.648 (0≤x≤L) (15)
In formula：X is the position coordinates (positive direction of x is from indoor air inlet 3 to air outlet) along greenhouse length direction, m；
L is greenhouse length, m.By the T in formula (15)3As absolute temperature of the jet stream at secondary series air outlet, substituting into formula (5) can be obtained
To third column air outlet jet stream at corresponding vitellarium axis speed：
Adding for vitellarium 0.1H height, can be obtained by the Numerical Simulation in the case where no air outlet in formula (16)
Weight average temperature THFor 302.7K；And according to the requirement in greenhouse for vitellarium wind speed, at the height of vitellarium
Jet axis speed v 'mIt is taken as 1m/s, using formula (16) formula, is calculated at third column air outlet and goes out wind velocity v3：
Arrange that air port is the requirement for reaching balanced ventilation in greenhouse, at first row air outlet and third column air outlet
Air-supply heat it is equal, can obtain：
Q1=Q3, i.e.,：
In formula：
C- specific heat capacity, J/kg K；
ρ-atmospheric density, kg/m3；
l1First row air outlet side length, m；
l3Third column air outlet side length, m；
v1First row air outlet wind speed, m/s；
v3Third column air outlet wind speed, m/s；
THWeighted mean of the jet stream at the 0.1H height of vitellarium, K；
Position coordinates of the x- along greenhouse length direction, m；
L- greenhouse length, m.
Solution formula (18) can obtain meeting along greenhouse length direction different location, guarantee air-supply heat identical lower second
Column air outlet side length l3With first row air outlet side length l1Relationship：
l3=1.75l1 (19)
So far, the calculating formula of revised vertical temperature-difference jet axis speed according to the present invention, has obtained the speed of air outlet
Degree distribution.The method for using recursion simultaneously, in conjunction with temperature field of solar chimney greenhouse in the case where no air outlet 4 point
Cloth releases the latter air outlet parameter from previous air outlet parameter, final to determine along greenhouse length direction different location air port
Functional relation between size, balanced draft heat realize balanced ventilation.
2, the optimization of air outlet form
According to the flow-pressure characteristic curve of blower, it is found that air outlet speed is with pressure fan pressure, there are certain functions
Relationship, and then jet flow can be calculated according to jet velocity and jet stream area of section, to calculate the pressure at air outlet.Separately
Outside, the present invention has also determined in situation air outlet wind speed, pressure, in conjunction with flow field temperature distributing characteristic, carries out to air outlet form
Improve.The specific method is as follows：
Firstly, not arranging 4 operating condition of air outlet progress Numerical Simulation to the greenhouse using solar chimney, obtain
Thermo parameters method in greenhouse extracts the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas at 4 mounting height of air outlet.By Temperature Distribution cloud atlas it is found that
At 4 arrangement of air outlet, there are biggish temperature gradient, each temperature isopleth shows identical distribution rule in entire temperature field
Rule chooses a wherein progress data fitting, obtains the distribution sample that the isothermal regularity of distribution of each item meets Gauss function curve
Formula, shown in function expression such as formula (20)：
Y=y0+(A/w*sqrt(pi/2)))*exp(-2*((x-xc)/w)2 (20)
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, and coordinate origin is in the wall bottom centre being connected with solar chimney, wherein x
Positive direction is directed toward the vertex of exhaust outlet from equilateral triangle bottom edge one end, y positive direction along bottom edge direction in parallel obliquely, z positive direction
It is upward vertically to face direction directly, other constant term parameters are y0=8.15；xc=2.1；A=4.855；W=1.4.
The air-supply heat of each air outlet is calculated according to formula Q=cm Δ T, wherein Δ T is temperature and growth at air outlet
The difference of temperature weighted average value in area.As shown in Figure 8, temperature gradient is larger at air outlet, causes respectively to arrange behind length direction and send
Air temperature constantly reduces the temperature difference increase so that with vitellarium, eventually causes air output increase.To reduce energy consumption, reduces blower and make an uproar
Sound saves operating cost, under the premise of guaranteeing that air-supply heat is constant, by thermoisopleth weight described in air outlet edge line and formula 20
It closes, improves its weighted area supply air temperature, also reduce air outlet size while reducing the air output of single air outlet, realize wind
Machine consumption reduction, the dual-effect energy-saving of air port consumptive material reduction.
Preferably, under greenhouse length direction the arrangement in two rows of three mode of totally 6 air outlets, first row is sent
Air port center, secondary series air outlet center, third column air outlet center are respectively respectively 2m, 6m, 10m apart from indoor air inlet 3；
Air port spacing is 3m in each column；The mounting height of air outlet 4 is Z=9.5m, as shown in Figure 6.
Preferably, air outlet 4 is all made of equilateral triangle.Preferably, the side length difference of the first, second and third column air outlet size
For 400mm, 500mm and 750mm.
Different in order to adapt to the different growth phase growing height of crop, all air outlets 4 can integrally along the vertical direction
It is moved up and down in a certain range, the 0-5m of lower section at mobile range 0.95H.Specifically, using can be flexible in vertical direction
Load carrier 6, it is preferred that can by load carrier be mounted in the lower section of greenhouse top plate by multiple telescopic rods.Institute
It states telescopic rod and can be used to manually control to stretch or automatically control and stretch, under this mode, can drive and be mounted on 6 edge of load carrier
Vertical direction moves up and down in a certain range, the distance so as to adjust air outlet 4 relative to crop, different to adapt to crop
Different growing height in growth phase.
Embodiment：
The floor space of the present embodiment medium temperature chamber greenhouse and high respectively 97.43m2And 10m, greenhouse volume are
974.3m3, rate of ventilation according to《Greenhouse heating system construct and design specification》Take 1 time/h, therefore heating required for solar panels
Ventilation quantity be 974.3m3/ h, the air capacity interval range for selecting unit area solar wallboard to pass through is 30~50m3/h·m2,
Obtain the range of choice of solar wallboard in 19.48~32.47m3/h·m2Between, to guarantee enough quantity of hot air, the present embodiment
Select 30m2Solar wallboard.According to the derivation in summary of the invention to the functional relation of different location air port side length, l can be obtained2=
1.375l1, l3=1.75l1, blown in the present embodiment using equilateral triangle air port, preset the side length l in first row air port1For
400mm can then be obtained according to the functional relation of different location air port side length, and the side length in second, third column air port is respectively
500mm,750mm.It is numbered from apart from solar chimney side, respectively the first air outlet 4-1, the second air outlet 4-2,
Three air outlet 4-3, the 4th air outlet 4-4, the 5th air outlet 4-5, the 6th air outlet 4-6, point three column arrangements.First row air outlet
It is 2m apart from indoor air inlet 3, interval 4m is arranged between remaining air port, and air port spacing 3m arrangement, is installed on Z=9.5m in each column
At height, as shown in Figure 6.Optimize air port edge line simultaneously to be allowed to be overlapped with temperature isopleth, air port outer edge curve meets
The distribution pattern of Gauss function curve, function tabular form, which reaches, is：
Y=y0+(A/w*sqrt(pi/2)))*exp(-2*((x-xc)/w)2 (20)
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；Remaining constant term parameter is y0=8.15；xc=2.1；A=4.855；
W=1.4.
Effect of blowing in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 10, as can be seen that being fitted without air outlet from Fig. 9 and Figure 10
When, speed is smaller in vitellarium, and greenhouse booth internal upper part heat cannot be delivered in vitellarium, feeds vegetables without enough heats
Growth.After increasing air outlet, greenhouse top heated air jets quickly enter vitellarium, preference temperature can be provided for vegetables, in turn
A suitable growth microenvironment is created for fruits and vegetables.As seen from Figure 15, the temperature point when not having air outlet, in vitellarium
Cloth is uneven, apparent temperature gradient occurs in greenhouse middle position, maximum temperature difference reaches 7 DEG C, increases two sides temperature after air outlet
Degree field distribution is more uniform, and temperature gradient is smaller in entire vitellarium, and two sides maximum temperature difference is reduced to 4 DEG C in canopy, it is ensured that the winter
The normal growth of fruits and vegetables during season.Meanwhile to meet power conservation requirement, by changing air outlet device form, it is allowed to and thermoisopleth
Phase trend is consistent, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14.Temperature gradient is larger at former scenery resource quality, and air outlet is averagely blown after changing shape
Temperature improves, and in the case where guaranteeing that air port air-supply heat is equivalent, air output can be reduced, to reach energy saving purpose.At this
It can be seen that in embodiment, vitellarium, air outlet size can effectively be delivered heat to by adding solar chimney and air outlet device 4
Constantly variation along its length, it is ensured that each air outlet air-supply heat is consistent, so that temperature of shed is evenly distributed.In addition, big
The air outlet of small variation can also make the reduction of blower stagnation pressure, reduce entire ventilating system energy consumption.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system, including being arranged on the wall of greenhouse two sides too
Positive energy chimney, the outdoor air inlet of solar chimney lower end and solar chimney upper end and greenhouse wall sidewall upper
The indoor air inlet communicated, which is characterized in that at least provided with two air outlets, the wind outlet section of air outlet at the top of greenhouse
For product to far from being sequentially increased at indoor air inlet from indoor air inlet, air outlet connects blower；Greenhouse other side wall
Bottom is equipped with exhaust outlet, and air outlet is parallel to setting at the top of greenhouse, and the air outlet is equilateral triangle or air outlet is
The optimization structure of equilateral triangle, optimization sideline structure are overlapped with temperature isopleth.
2. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air-supply
Mouthful（4-4）And（4-6）The optimization structure side equation of contour line is as follows：
In formula：X, y is respectively greenhouse internal coordinate, m；Remaining constant term parameter isy 0 =8.15；x c =2.1；A=4.855；w=1.4。
3. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air-supply
Mouth is whole to be connect with a telescopic load carrier.
4. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air-supply
Mouth shares 6, they are along greenhouse length direction in three column arrangements, and the outer dimension of each column inner wind outlet is identical, adjacent column
The outer dimension of air outlet is different.
5. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that three column
The relationship of air outlet side length is as follows, i.e.,,
In formula,l 1,l 2,l 3The respectively side length in the first, second and third dispatch air port.
6. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described
One, second, third column air outlet side length is respectively 400mm, 550mm and 700mm.
7. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air-supply
Mouth is whole under load carrier drive to be moved up and down in vertical direction a certain range, and mobile range is lower section at 0.95H
0-5m.
8. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that first row is sent
Air port centre distance solar chimney air outlet is 2L/15, remaining air outlet column pitch is arranged at 4L/15, respectively blown in each column
The spacing of mouth is 1W/5, wherein L states the height in side length of the greenhouse bottom surface far from the side base triangle of solar chimney,
That is greenhouse length, W indicate the side length of side base triangle of the greenhouse bottom surface far from solar chimney, i.e. greenhouse width.
9. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that first row is sent
Air port, secondary series air outlet, third column air outlet center are respectively 2m, 6m, 10m away from indoor air inlet 3；Each air outlet in each column
Spacing be 3m, the mounting height of the air outlet is 9.5m.
10. equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The air supply velocity of one column air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the secondary series air outlet is：
The air supply velocity of the third column air outlet is：
In formula,v 1, v 2, v 3 Respectively the first, second and third column air outlet air supply velocity,l 1,l 2,l 3Respectively first, second and third column
The side length of air outlet.
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| CN201810651392.6A CN108811973A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system |
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| CN201810651392.6A CN108811973A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of equilateral triangle greenhouse solar chimney ventilating system |
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| US20090104867A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-23 | Sherman John F | Building aperture mounted ventilation apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20181116 |