Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a power grid arrangement structure and a system based on an ice melting function, which effectively solve the ice melting problem in extreme weather such as ice disaster and the like by a mode of matching parallel operation and open-phase operation, and compared with three-phase direct short-circuit ice melting, the invention more effectively prolongs the ice melting distance, improves the three-phase ice melting speed and has strong practicability.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric network arrangement structure based on an ice melting function, including a non-ice melting side three-phase line of a transformer and an ice melting side three-phase line of the transformer;
And the two phases in the three-phase line are respectively connected in parallel in pairs by the way of alternate conversion, and the two parallel phases and the non-parallel phase form an operation loop so as to achieve the effects of prolonging the ice melting distance and improving the ice melting speed.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the non-ice-melting side three-phase line of the transformer includes an a-phase non-ice-melting side line, a B-phase non-ice-melting side line, and a C-phase non-ice-melting side line.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the ice-melting side three-phase line of the transformer includes an a-phase ice-melting side line, a B-phase ice-melting side line, and a C-phase ice-melting side line.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein, in a case of ice-melting the a-phase ice-melting side line, the B-phase ice-melting side line and the C-phase ice-melting side line are connected in parallel.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein, in a case of melting ice on the B-phase melting ice side line, the a-phase melting ice side line and the C-phase melting ice side line are connected in parallel.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein, in a case of ice-melting the C-phase ice-melting side line, the a-phase ice-melting side line and the B-phase ice-melting side line are connected in parallel.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
And when the ice of the A-phase ice-melting side line is melted, the B-phase line of the transformer runs in a phase-missing mode.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
and when the B-phase ice melting side line is used for melting ice, the A-phase line of the transformer runs in a phase-missing mode.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the method further includes:
and when the C-phase ice-melting side line is used for melting ice, the B-phase line of the transformer runs in a phase-missing mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric network arrangement system based on an ice melting function, including an electric network arrangement structure based on an ice melting function as described above, further including:
The A-phase ice melting side line, the B-phase ice melting side line and the C-phase ice melting side line of the transformer are alternately switched and connected in parallel to improve the three-phase ice melting speed.
The invention provides a power grid arrangement structure and a power grid arrangement system based on an ice melting function, which comprise a transformer non-ice melting side three-phase circuit and a transformer ice melting side three-phase circuit, wherein two phases in the three-phase circuit are respectively connected in parallel in pairs in a rotating conversion mode, and the two parallel phases and a non-parallel phase form an operation loop, so that loop impedance is reduced, and the effects of prolonging ice melting distance and improving ice melting speed are achieved. . The invention effectively solves the problem of ice melting in extreme weather such as ice disaster and the like by the mode of matching parallel operation and open-phase operation, and compared with three-phase direct short-circuit ice melting, the invention more effectively prolongs the ice melting distance, improves the three-phase ice melting speed and has strong practicability.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
At present, the influence of extreme weather such as rain, snow, freezing and the like on the power industry is not small, and the problem of icing of a circuit cannot be treated in time after the snow, so that the operation of a power grid and the power supply reliability of a user are greatly influenced.
The snow disaster in 2008 gives people a profound impression, and the vast majority of the south China and the northwest China are subjected to extreme weather of low temperature, rain, snow and freezing which are rare and continuously in a large range, so that extremely serious ice and snow disasters are caused, and 17 provinces (straight municipalities, autonomous regions) such as Qian, xiang, hubei province, anhui, su, shan, ganzhen and the like are affected by the ice and snow disasters in different degrees, and the disaster is oversea.
Taking a certain place as an example, 15 total station blackouts of the 500kV transformer substation affected by disaster account for 7.54% of the total number of the 500kV transformer substations in the disaster area, and 86 total station blackouts of the 220kV transformer substation account for 5.97% of the total number of the 220kV transformer substations in the disaster area. 119 500kV power lines which are stopped under the influence of disaster, which account for 19.01% of the total number of 500kV lines in the disaster area, and 343 220kV lines which are stopped under the influence of disaster, which account for 9.38% of the total number of 220kV lines in the disaster area. The rain and snow freezing disasters cause 500kV pole tower inverted tower 678 foundation and damaged 295 foundation, the inverted tower and the damaged tower account for about 0.742% of the total base number of the 500kV pole tower in the disaster area, and the 220kV pole tower inverted tower 1432 foundation and the damaged 586 foundation caused by the ice disasters account for about 0.697% of the total base number of the 220kV pole tower in the disaster area.
During a snowdisaster, the temperature of most areas in the south is about + -3 ℃, and the power grid equipment is extremely easy to generate a freezing phenomenon under the condition. The rain and snow are attached to the surface of the power grid equipment to form ice coating, the phenomenon of ice coating on the power transmission line and the tower pole which span the mountain area is particularly serious, the power transmission line in the China and eastern China is coated with ice 40-60 mm thick, and when the ice is seriously frozen, the thickness of the ice coating is increased by 1mm per hour. According to the erection standard of the transmission lines in China, the lines with high voltage level are defended according to natural disasters in 30 years (taking the factors of saving resources, reasonable electricity price and the like into consideration), and the weather in 30 years in which rain and snow are frozen is the standard of defending icing of guidewires which cannot exceed 10mm. That is, a power transmission line designed according to a standard is difficult to withstand ice coating 60mm thick. When the electric wires are fully covered with heavy ice, the transverse tension on the electric pole tower is very large, and particularly under the condition of strong wind, a plurality of wires are greatly waved, and the resonance effect is enough to pull down the steel tower weighing tens of tons, so that the damage to power transmission and transformation equipment is aggravated. In addition, after ice coating is generated on the power transmission equipment, the insulation level is greatly reduced, a plurality of equipment generate 'ice flash' discharge phenomenon, a plurality of equipment trip due to faults, particularly in the process of rising the air temperature and melting the ice coating of the line, the line flashover accident is extremely easy to occur, and serious threat is caused to the safe operation and reliable power supply of the power grid.
In recent years, practice of multiple measures such as vehicle-mounted direct current, alternating current short circuit deicing, zero lifting current deicing of a generator and the like prove that the vehicle-mounted direct current deicing device has the advantages of high fault rate, large investment, heavy and inconvenient carrying, less use, flexible deicing transformer, convenient carrying, more field workload, high safety risk and heavy and inconvenient carrying of the generator as the vehicle-mounted direct current. Although the method for melting ice has a certain feasibility in theory, the method for melting ice by using the short-circuit alternating current with the voltage reduction of the distribution transformer in the prior art still cannot achieve a satisfactory ice melting effect. In recent years, distribution transformer alternating current ice melting is carried out, ice melting can be carried out on an ice-covered line basically, but because the ice melting voltage is only 400V, three-phase ice melting is directly short-circuited, ice melting can only be carried out for about 1.3 KM at a time, the most common ice-covered area is about 2-5KM, the ice melting distance is too short at one time, the ice melting is carried out step by step and step, the time consumption is long, the speed is low, the labor intensity is high, the working efficiency is low, ice is formed on site, the working environment is poor, and the working safety risk is high.
In summary, the prior art lacks a high-efficiency ice melting means to meet the power supply emergency requirements in extreme weather such as ice disaster. Based on the above, the power grid arrangement structure and the system based on the ice melting function can effectively solve the ice melting problem in extreme weather such as ice disaster, and the ice melting distance is effectively prolonged and the ice melting speed is effectively improved on the basis through A, B, C three-phase alternate conversion parallel connection.
For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, the power grid arrangement structure based on the ice melting function disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment one:
In the embodiment of the invention, the voltage of the non-ice-melting side of the transformer is the voltage for providing the ice-melting power supply, and the ice-melting side provides the ice-melting voltage, wherein the ice-melting voltage of the ice-melting side affects the ice-melting distance. However, it should be noted that, the non-ice-melting side actually represents only the input side of the electric energy, the ice-melting side is the output side of the power supply, in practical application, the non-ice-melting side may be the ice-melting side, or the ice-melting side may be the ice-melting side, that is, the ice-melting side may be the primary side of the transformer or the secondary side of the transformer, and for convenience of description and understanding, the embodiment of the present invention uses the ice-melting side as one end of the output ice-melting voltage to perform ice-melting.
The power grid arrangement structure based on the ice melting function comprises a non-ice melting side three-phase circuit of the transformer and an ice melting side three-phase circuit of the transformer;
The two phases in the three-phase circuit are respectively connected in parallel in pairs by the way of alternate conversion, and the two phases after being connected in parallel and the other phase form an operation loop, so that the loop impedance is reduced, and the effects of prolonging the ice melting distance and improving the ice melting speed are achieved.
Specifically, the embodiment of the invention provides a phase-lack operation ice melting mode of the transformer for the first time, and provides a parallel ice melting technology of the line wires for the first time. The technical effects of the ice melting technology provided by the embodiment of the invention are mainly embodied in two aspects, namely, the ice melting distance is prolonged, and the ice melting speed is improved. Firstly, in the aspect of ice melting distance, two of three-phase wires of an ice melting circuit are mainly connected in parallel, and then a loop is formed by non-parallel phases, so that the transformer runs in a phase-missing mode, and the ice melting temperature rise of the non-parallel phase wires is fast. The three-phase ice melting circuit has the advantages that when the three-phase direct short-circuit ice melting is carried out, the impedance of the parallel wires is R, the impedance of the parallel wires is 0.5R, and then the three-phase direct short-circuit ice melting circuit is connected with the non-parallel phases in series to form a loop, the total impedance of the loop is 1.5R, the same loop impedance is 2R (see figure 7), the total loop impedance is ∈3R (see figure 8), compared with the parallel wires, the ice melting distance is reduced by 1.33 times, the inverse proportion of the impedance of the wires, namely, the ice melting distance is prolonged by 1.33 times compared with the three-phase direct short-circuit ice melting distance, and secondly, in the aspect of ice melting speed, A, B, C three phases are alternately converted and connected in parallel, for example, when the phase A is melted, the two phases BC are simultaneously melted, and when the phase B is melted, the two phases are simultaneously melted, and the symmetry of ice melting is guaranteed, the ice melting speed is effectively improved on the basis of prolonging the ice melting distance, and the three-phase ice melting speed is improved.
After parallel connection, A, B, C three phases are alternately converted and connected in parallel at preset time intervals, so that the three-phase ice melting speed is improved. The specific preset time is determined according to factors such as the thickness of ice and the voltage level of a power grid in the local actual situation, but compared with the prior art, the whole scheme is not limited by the environment, the technical effect of the embodiment of the invention is not affected by the change of various different factors, and the ice melting distance and the ice melting speed are obviously improved.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram showing the wiring layout of the transformer in a normal operation state.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the non-ice-melting side three-phase line 100 of the transformer includes an a-phase non-ice-melting side line, a B-phase non-ice-melting side line, and a C-phase non-ice-melting side line.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ice-melt side three-phase line 200 of the transformer includes an a-phase ice-melt side line, a B-phase ice-melt side line, and a C-phase ice-melt side line.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, in the case of ice-melting the a-phase ice-melting side line, the B-phase ice-melting side line and the C-phase ice-melting side line are connected in parallel.
Specifically, when the A phase is melted, the B phase wire on the ice melting side of the transformer is connected with the C phase wire (B phase is in open phase) in parallel, and forms single-phase alternating current ice melting with the A phase.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, in the case of ice-melting the B-phase ice-melting side line, the a-phase ice-melting side line and the C-phase ice-melting side line are connected in parallel.
Specifically, when the B phase is melted, the A phase wire and the C phase wire (A phase is in open phase) on the ice melting side of the transformer are connected in parallel, and form single-phase alternating current ice melting with the B phase.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, in the case of ice-melting the C-phase ice-melting side line, the a-phase ice-melting side line and the B-phase ice-melting side line are connected in parallel.
Specifically, when C-phase ice melting is performed, an A-phase lead on the ice melting side of the transformer is connected with a B-phase lead (B-phase open phase) in parallel, and forms single-phase alternating current ice melting with the C-phase.
According to the power grid ice melting wiring layout decoupling strand provided by the embodiment of the invention, two of the three-phase wires of the ice melting circuit are connected in parallel and non-parallel to form a loop, the loop is connected to two phases of the ice melting side of the transformer, so that the two phases are in open-phase operation, and the parallel wires can reduce impedance, so that the ice melting distance is prolonged. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
as shown in fig. 2, when ice is melted on the a-phase ice-melting side line, the B-phase line of the transformer runs out of phase.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
as shown in fig. 3, when the B-phase ice-melting side line is ice-melted, the a-phase line of the transformer runs out of phase.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
as shown in fig. 4, when the C-phase ice-melting side line is ice-melted, the B-phase line of the transformer is open-circuited.
The embodiment of the invention provides a power grid arrangement structure based on an ice melting function, which comprises a non-ice melting side three-phase circuit of a transformer and an ice melting side three-phase circuit of the transformer, wherein two phases in the three-phase circuit are respectively connected in parallel in pairs in a mode of alternately converting the ice melting side three-phase circuit of the transformer, and the two parallel phases and the non-parallel phase form an operation loop so as to prolong the ice melting distance of the circuit. The invention not only prolongs the ice melting distance, but also improves the three-phase ice melting speed, the ice melting distance is positively correlated with the voltage applied by the transformer on the ice melting line, the ice melting effect of the power transmission and distribution lines aiming at different voltage grades is ensured, the operation is simple and easy, the safety risk is low, the application range is wide, the environmental impact is less, and the asset investment of power grid enterprises is greatly saved, thus the invention has strong practicability.
Embodiment two:
Referring to FIG. 5, the configuration transformer is 10kv/0.4kv, the ice melting voltage is 0.4kv, the ice melting wire is LGJ-70, the wire impedance is 0.587 Ω/km, the configuration transformer capacity is 200KVA, the three-phase direct short circuit full load ice melting is carried out, the ice melting distance is 1.36km, and the principle is shown in FIG. 8.
The power grid arrangement system based on the ice melting function comprises the power grid arrangement structure based on the ice melting function, and further comprises:
The A-phase ice melting side line, the B-phase ice melting side line and the C-phase ice melting side line of the transformer are alternately switched and connected in parallel to reduce the total impedance of the loop, so that the ice melting distance of the lead is prolonged by 1.33 times, the ice melting distance is prolonged to 1.8km from 1.36km, and the principle is shown in figure 7. Note that the ice melting distance is also different for different wire impedances, and see table 1 for details.
Table 1 comparing the ice melting distances of various wires with a 200KVA to ice melting transformer
In the aspect of ice melting speed, A, B, C three phases are alternately switched and connected in parallel, for example, when a phase A is melted, BC two phases are simultaneously melted and converted into a phase B, AC two phases are simultaneously melted in parallel, and the like, so that the symmetry of ice melting is ensured, and the ice melting speed is effectively improved on the basis of prolonging the ice melting distance, so that the three-phase ice melting speed is improved.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of forward and reverse ice melting. If the ice melting distribution transformer is in ring network power supply, the ice melting distribution transformer is powered by a bidirectional power supply. The forward ice melting technology is just like the parallel wire ice melting technology in fig. 5, the wire is LGJ-70, the melting time is 1.8km, the position of the reverse ice melting transformer is unchanged, the high-low voltage side of the ice melting transformer is reversely connected with a reverse power supply for reverse ice melting, the ice melting effect and the distance are the same as those of the forward ice melting, the forward ice melting distance and the reverse ice melting distance can be prolonged by 2 times by superposition, and the parallel ice melting technology of the superposition wire can be prolonged by 2.66 times by superposition of the ice melting distance, and the specific reference can be seen in table 1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention obviously prolongs the ice melting distance of non-parallel phases by combining parallel operation and open-phase operation, ensures three-phase symmetrical ice melting by means of alternate conversion and obviously improves the ice melting effect.
(2) The non-parallel phase of the invention obviously improves the ice melting effect, and meanwhile, the line of the parallel phase is actually melting ice at the same time, thereby saving the ice melting time and improving the ice melting speed.
(3) Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the workload is obviously reduced, the ice melting operation can be performed by utilizing the electric energy of the non-ice melting side of the transformer and the wiring structure of the ice melting side, and the safety risk is reduced.
(4) The ice melting method has the advantages of low investment and wide application range, the ice melting scheme is simple and easy to operate, excessive power equipment is not required to be added, the investment is saved compared with the prior art, the fixed asset investment of a power grid enterprise is saved, and the ice melting method is applicable to both power transmission lines and distribution lines and has wide application range.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described system and apparatus may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intermediate medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative embodiments of the present invention, and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification, variation or substitution of some of the technical features of the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments may be easily contemplated within the scope of the present invention, and the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.