CN108798689A - Combination type T BM and the driving method for realizing pilot heading and forward probe - Google Patents

Combination type T BM and the driving method for realizing pilot heading and forward probe Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108798689A
CN108798689A CN201810554910.2A CN201810554910A CN108798689A CN 108798689 A CN108798689 A CN 108798689A CN 201810554910 A CN201810554910 A CN 201810554910A CN 108798689 A CN108798689 A CN 108798689A
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China
Prior art keywords
tbm
cutterhead
advanced
combination type
outer frame
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CN201810554910.2A
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CN108798689B (en
Inventor
周辉
龚春艳
卢景景
张传庆
杨凡杰
胡大伟
高阳
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Hubei University of Technology
Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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Hubei University of Technology
Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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Priority to CN201810554910.2A priority Critical patent/CN108798689B/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0621Shield advancing devices
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/126Loading devices or installations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of combination type T BM and the driving method for realizing pilot heading and forward probe, are related to tunnel and underground engineering construction field.Combination type T BM includes the identical advanced TBM of tunneling direction and digs TBM, combination type T BM realizes partial excavation, the flexibility of deep underground cavern excavation and adaptability under complex geological condition are improved, and easy to operate, the TBM be conducive under extreme condition independently gets rid of poverty;Advanced TBM excavations make country rock more fully release energy in advance, rockburst risk is greatly reduced, and convenient for arranging various rock burst pretreatment measures and various forward probe means on advanced TBM, to realize prevention rock burst and carry out the purpose of forward probe to complex geological condition;Advanced TBM excavates to form the scope of freedom, is conducive to improve overall efficiency of breaking rock, reduces comprehensive energy consumption;Reduce country rock disturbance and deformation failure caused by excavating, effectively mitigate the TBM card machines as caused by country rock large deformation, is conducive to ensure man-machine safety.

Description

Combination type T BM and the driving method for realizing pilot heading and forward probe
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel and underground engineering construction fields, in particular to a kind of combination type T BM (Tunnel Boring Machine, complete-section tunnel boring machine) and realize pilot heading and forward probe driving method.
Background technology
In recent years, China's tunnel construction is like a raging fire, wherein higher and higher using the ratio of TBM constructions.TBM is a kind of profit It is excavated with rotating tool, while country rock driving in broken hole, to form novel, the advanced constructing tunnel of entire tunnel cross-section Machinery.Compared with traditional drill bursting construction, TBM has many advantages, such as that drivage efficiency is high, cavitation quality is high, country rock disturbance is small, and Cooperation is equipped on forward probe system on TBM, can collect preceding data in time, and by analyze data carry out geologic prediction and Surrouding rock deformation etc. is calculated, can ensure constructing tunnel and machine security to a certain extent, be provided centainly for tunnel informational construction Geologic basis.But TBM is poor to the adaptability of geological conditions, under complex geological condition, be commonly encountered tomography, crushed zone, The unfavorable geologies factors such as solution cavity, strong rock burst, weak large deformation, overlength, super large buried depth, often cause TBM machineries by card, are buried The major accident that even machinery is scrapped.
Deep underground cavern excavation mainly uses partial excavation method at present, is combined with TBM frequently with drilling and blasting method in engineering Arrangement and method for construction, and for TBM, mechanical system is excessively huge, due to the limitation of self structure, the flexibility of construction supporting compared with Difference often results in card machine, and TBM also tends to the rock burst for being forced to be in direct contact high intensity, and current supporting means can not guarantee Strong rock burst on active effectively is born, there is the risk caved in.
In view of this, need to design it is a kind of can guarantee the flexibility and safety of deep underground cavern excavation, and avoid The digging mode of card machine caused by as country rock large deformation or caving in.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of combination type T BM, realize that advanced TBM combines hydraulic character with TBM is digged, It ensure that the flexibility and safety of deep underground cavern excavation;And rock burst can be prevented, effectively mitigates by country rock large deformation or collapse TBM card machines caused by collapsing are conducive to improve efficiency of breaking rock.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of driving method for realizing pilot heading and forward probe, this method is real Existing partial excavation reduces TBM operating power consumptions, easy to operate;Cavern is excavated by the driving method, country rock can more fully discharge Energy, country rock disturbs caused by reducing excavation, is conducive to ensure man-machine safety.
What the embodiment of the present invention was realized in:
A kind of combination type T BM comprising the identical advanced TBM of tunneling direction and dig TBM, advanced TBM is along combination type T BM Central axes setting, dig TBM and be enclosed on the outside of advanced TBM, advanced TBM and dig preset clearance between TBM, advanced TBM can It is moved along central axes direction.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned development end for digging TBM is enclosed in the outer of the development end of advanced TBM The cutterhead I of side, advanced TBM is in disk form, and the cutterhead II for digging TBM is in circular ring shape, and the cutterhead II for digging TBM is enclosed in advance The outside of the cutterhead I of TBM.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned advanced TBM includes the cutterhead I and rotation along tunneling direction connection setting I and propelling cylinder I are driven, cutter is installed, rotation driving I is for driving cutterhead I to rotate broken rock, propelling cylinder on cutterhead I I for promoting cutterhead I.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned advanced TBM further includes the outer frame I for being set to I outside of rotation driving Boots I are supportted with being set on the outer frame at I rear of outer frame, the both ends of propelling cylinder I, which are separately connected on outer frame I and outer frame, supports Boots I.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, scraper bowl I is provided with after above-mentioned cutterhead I for scooping up the rock being crushed through cutterhead I Slag, I lower section of scraper bowl are provided with belt conveyer I for transferring out rock slag.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned TBM that digs includes cutterhead II and the rotation along tunneling direction connection setting Turning driving II and propelling cylinder II, cutter is installed on cutterhead II, rotation driving II is used to that cutterhead II to be driven to rotate broken rock, Propelling cylinder II is for promoting cutterhead II.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned TBM that digs further includes the outer frame for being set to II outside of rotation driving II and support boots II are set on the outer frame at II rear of outer frame, the both ends of propelling cylinder II are separately connected outer frame II and outer machine Boots II are supportted on frame.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, be provided with after above-mentioned cutterhead II scraper bowl II for scoop up through cutterhead II be crushed Rock slag, II lower section of scraper bowl are provided with belt conveyer II for transferring out rock slag.
In preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned advanced TBM or the outer sheath for digging TBM are equipped with closed extension type Shield, extension type shield and corresponding advanced TBM or digs and is provided with oil hydraulic cylinder between TBM.
A kind of driving method of realization pilot heading and forward probe based on combinations of the above formula TBM comprising following Step:
S1, it by advanced TBM and digs the development end of TBM and flushes and be directed at cavern position to be excavated;
S2, the fixed position for digging TBM, start advanced TBM, advanced TBM are made to tunnel a stroke forward, stop advanced TBM;
S3, startup dig TBM, make to dig TBM and tunnel a stroke forward;
S4, step S1-S3 is repeated, until completing cavern excavation.
The advantageous effect of the embodiment of the present invention is:The combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention includes that tunneling direction is identical super Preceding TBM is arranged with TBM, advanced TBM is digged along the central axes of combination type T BM, digs TBM and is enclosed on the outside of advanced TBM, in advance TBM and dig preset clearance between TBM, advanced TBM can be moved along central axes direction, combination type T BM its realize advanced TBM with TBM combination hydraulic characters are digged, ensure that the flexibility and safety of deep underground cavern excavation;And rock burst can be prevented, effectively Mitigate as country rock large deformation or TBM card machines caused by caving in, is conducive to improve efficiency of breaking rock.The realization of the embodiment of the present invention is advanced The driving method of pilot tunnel and forward probe is carried out using combinations of the above formula TBM, and this method realizes partial excavation, reduces TBM works Make energy consumption, it is easy to operate;Cavern is excavated by the driving method, country rock can more fully release energy, reduce excavation and cause Country rock disturbance, be conducive to ensure man-machine safety.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of combination type T BM provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagrams of the combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention when advanced TBM works;
Fig. 3 is structural schematic diagrams of the combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention when digging TBM work;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the tool head in the combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the extension type shield in the combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:100- combination type Ts BM;The advanced TBM of 110-;111- cutterheads I;112- rotations driving I;113- propelling cylinders I; 114- outer frames I;Boots I are supportted on 115- outer frames;116- scraper bowls I;117- belt conveyers I;120- digs TBM;121- cutterheads Ⅱ;122- rotations driving II;123- propelling cylinders II;124- outer frames II;Boots II are supportted on 125- outer frames;126- scraper bowls II; 127- belt conveyers II;130- extension type shields;131- precast concrete shells;132- telescopic struts;The longitudinal directions 133- steel Muscle;134- extension types shield I;135- extension types shield II;136- oil hydraulic cylinders I;137- oil hydraulic cylinders II;138- rear supports I; 139- rear supports II;140- cutters.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention to providing in the accompanying drawings be not intended to limit it is claimed The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of the present invention selected embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
It should be noted that:Similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the instructions such as term "center", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outside" Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the invention product using when usually put Orientation or positional relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, do not indicate or imply the indicated device or Element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " setting ", " installation ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally connect It connects;It can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection;It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can To be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, it can understand above-mentioned term with concrete condition Concrete meaning in the present invention.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, the present embodiment provides a kind of combination type T BM100 comprising the identical advanced TBM110 of tunneling direction With dig TBM120, advanced TBM110 is arranged along the central axes of combination type T BM100, digs TBM120 and is enclosed in advanced TBM110 Outside, advanced TBM110 and digs and reserves appropriate gap between TBM120, and advanced TBM110 can be moved along central axes direction.In advance TBM110 digs TBM120 and is excavated to the expansion of cavern, realize advanced TBM110 and dig to the exploratory excavation of cavern TBM120 combines hydraulic character, ensure that the flexibility and safety of deep underground cavern excavation;And rock burst can be prevented, effectively subtract The gently TBM card machines as country rock large deformation or caused by caving in are conducive to improve efficiency of breaking rock.Advanced TBM110 and dig TBM120 it Between gap promote the frictional force drawn back and digged when TBM120 is promoted to reduce advanced TBM110, and meet with rock burst or When card machine, trailer is facilitated to draw back advanced TBM110;Further, which carries forward probe equipment, in advanced TBM110 When driving, geological condition and surrouding rock deformation are detected.
The outside of the development end of advanced TBM110 is enclosed in reference to the development end for shown in Fig. 4, digging TBM120, i.e., in advance The cutterhead I 111 of TBM110 is enclosed in the outside for the cutterhead II 121 for digging TBM120, and cutterhead I 111 and cutterhead II 121 form combination Formula cutterhead, combined knife panel surface are equipped with cutter 140.Specifically, the cutterhead I 111 of advanced TBM110 is in disk form, the disk Central axes be located on the central axes of combination type T BM100, the cutterhead I 111 of advanced TBM110 can be rotated along central axes;It digs The cutterhead II 121 of TBM120 is in circular ring shape, dig TBM120 cutterhead II 121 be enclosed in advanced TBM110 cutterhead I 111 it is outer Side, the cutterhead II 121 for digging TBM120 can be circumferentially rotated.The cutterhead I 111 of advanced TBM110 and the knife for digging TBM120 Appropriate gap is reserved between disk II 121, advanced TBM110 cannot be met by digging the cutter 140 configured on the cutterhead I 111 of TBM120 Cutterhead II 121, to reduce the frictional force between the cutterhead I 111 of advanced TBM110 and the cutterhead II 121 for digging TBM120.
In the present embodiment, advanced TBM110 or the outside for digging TBM120 can be arranged closed extension type shield 130, can Telescopic shield 130 and corresponding advanced TBM110 are digged and are provided with oil hydraulic cylinder between TBM120, utilize extension type shield 130 and oil hydraulic cylinder realize advanced TBM110 or dig the supporting of TBM120.Shown in Figure 5, extension type shield 130 specifically wraps Precast concrete shell 131, telescopic strut 132 and longitudinal reinforcement 133 are included, which can be rotated by specific mechanism disposes To designated position, which can stretch up and down, be that the flexible creation of shield is possible, increase the flexibility of supporting, this is vertical It is anchored in concrete-shell body to reinforcing bar 133, for sharing the tensile stress in shield, especially on a left side for extension type shield 130 Lower section and upper right side should arrange relatively more longitudinal reinforcement 133.Extension type shield 130 is close to shaft housing is promoted, in combined type In TBM100 tunneling processes, by manual control installation system, follow-up installation is carried out to extension type shield 130, separates country rock, protected Card combination type T BM100 is normally tunneled.
Shown in referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, advanced TBM110 includes being driven along the cutterhead I 111 of tunneling direction connection setting and rotation I 112 and propelling cylinder I 113, i.e. cutterhead I 111 be located at the front end of advanced TBM110, cutter 140 be installed on cutterhead I 111, Rotation driving I 112 is located at I 111 rear of cutterhead for driving cutterhead I 111 to rotate broken rock, and propelling cylinder I 113 is for promoting cutterhead Ⅰ111.Specifically, advanced TBM110 further includes being set to the outer frame I 114 in I 112 outside of rotation driving and being set to outer frame I Boots I 115 are supportted on the outer frame at 114 rears, the both ends of propelling cylinder I 113 are separately connected support boots I on outer frame I 114 and outer frame 115, i.e. propelling cylinder I 113 is located at outside the rack of advanced TBM110, and is located at I 114 rear of outer frame, I 113 energy of propelling cylinder Enough promote advanced TBM110;Boots I 115 are supportted on outer frame to be stretched outward, stretching country rock hole wall is used for, to fixed lead The rack of TBM110;The rear of propelling cylinder I 113 can be used to support advanced TBM110 with installation settings rear support I 138.Knife It is provided with scraper bowl I 116 after disk I 111 and is provided with belt-conveying for scooping up the rock slag being crushed through cutterhead I 111, I 116 lower section of scraper bowl Machine I 117 is for transferring out rock slag.Advanced work system mating TBM110 include transmission case body, hydraulic feed system, Matter detection system, specifically, equipped with motor, torque speed sensor, retarder, the torque revolution speed sensing in rotation driving I 112 Device both ends are separately connected motor and retarder, to control advanced TBM110 cutterhead I 111 rotation, hydraulic feed system packet Propelling cylinder I 113 is included, propelling cylinder I 113 is hinged with distance rod, and connects pressure sensor, realizes feed and withdrawing.
Cutter 140 is installed to when advanced TBM110 works by worker by advanced TBM110 to the exploratory excavation of cavern On cutterhead I 111, I 112 control cutterhead I 111 of rotation driving rotates, and propelling cylinder I 113 promotes cutterhead I 111 to tunnel forward, in advance TBM110 is slowly released from combination type T BM100.In tunneling process, by worker's control machinery installation extension type shield I 134 and oil hydraulic cylinder I 136, I 136 both ends of oil hydraulic cylinder be separately connected extension type shield I 134 and outer frame I 114, pass through oil hydraulic cylinder I 136 realize the flexible of extension type shield I 134.Boots I 115 are supportted on outer frame is used for stretching country rock hole wall, fixed lead The rack of TBM110;Rear support I 138 is used to support advanced TBM110, facilitates driving.Scraper bowl I 116 is broken through cutterhead for scooping up Rock slag, appeared by the transport of belt conveyer I 117 outer.Geo-detection system includes that forward probe equipment and rear analysis calculate Machine, forward probe equipment are installed on advanced TBM110 heads, for detecting front geological condition and deformation, are transferred to rear analysis Computer instructs main tunnel to dig the construction of TBM120.
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, it includes being driven along the cutterhead II 121 of tunneling direction connection setting and rotation to dig TBM120 II 122 and propelling cylinder II 123 are moved, i.e. cutterhead II 121 is located at the front end for digging TBM120, and knife is equipped on cutterhead II 121 Tool 140, rotation driving II 122 are located at II 121 rear of cutterhead for driving cutterhead II 121 to rotate broken rock, and propelling cylinder II 123 is used In propulsion cutterhead II 121.Specifically, it further includes II 124 He of outer frame for being set to II 122 outside of rotation driving to dig TBM120 Support boots II 125 on the outer frame at II 124 rear of outer frame are set to, the both ends of propelling cylinder II 123 are separately connected outer frame II 124 and outer frame on support boots II 125, i.e., propelling cylinder II 123, which is located at, digs outside the rack of TBM120, and is located at outer frame II 124 rears, propelling cylinder II 123 can promote and dig TBM120;Boots II 125 are supportted on outer frame to be stretched outward, for supportting Tight country rock hole wall, to the fixed rack for digging TBM120;It the rear of propelling cylinder II 123 can be with installation settings rear support II 139 are used to support and dig TBM120.Scraper bowl II 126 is provided with after cutterhead II 121 for scooping up the rock being crushed through cutterhead II 121 Slag, II 126 lower section of scraper bowl are provided with belt conveyer II 127 for transferring out rock slag.Dig the mating work of TBM120 System includes transmission case body, hydraulic feed system, specifically, in rotation driving II 122 equipped with motor, torque speed sensor, Retarder, the torque speed sensor both ends are separately connected motor and retarder, dig TBM120 to control and are put into cutterhead II 121 rotation, hydraulic feed system include propelling cylinder II 123, and propelling cylinder II 123 is hinged with distance rod, and connects pressure Sensor realizes feed and withdrawing.
It digs TBM120 to excavate to the expansion of cavern, when digging TBM120 work, cutter 140 is installed to knife by worker On disk II 121, this, which digs the cutter 140 being furnished on the cutterhead II 121 of TBM120, enough strength and stiffness, can bear to lead Since the rotation of cutterhead II 121 promotes generated huge reaction force and shear stress when machine tunnels.II 122 control of rotation driving Cutterhead II 121 rotates, and propelling cylinder II 123 promotes cutterhead II 121 to tunnel forward, dig TBM120 slowly follow up it is leading advanced TBM110 restores combination type T BM100 original states until advanced TBM110 comes back in combination type T BM100.Tunneling process In, by worker's control machinery installation extension type shield II 135 and oil hydraulic cylinder II 137, II 137 both ends of oil hydraulic cylinder are separately connected can Telescopic shield II 135 and outer frame II 124 realize the flexible of extension type shield II 135 by oil hydraulic cylinder II 137.Outer machine Boots II 125 are supportted on frame is used for stretching country rock hole wall, the fixed rack for digging TBM120;Rear support II 139, which is used to support, to be digged TBM120 facilitates driving.Scraper bowl II 126 is used to scoop up the rock slag being crushed through cutterhead, is transported to hole by belt conveyer II 127 Outside.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it is super that the present embodiment also provides a kind of realization based on combinations of the above formula TBM100 The driving method of preceding pilot tunnel and forward probe first determines cavern position to be excavated before driving, and combination type T BM100 is disposed To the position, cutter 140 is installed on cutterhead I 111 and cutterhead II 121, debugging system prepares driving, specific driving side Method includes the following steps:
S1, it by advanced TBM110 and digs the development end of TBM120 and flushes and be directed at cavern position to be excavated.
S2, the fixed position for digging TBM120, start advanced TBM110, advanced TBM110 are made to tunnel a stroke forward, Stop advanced TBM110.Referring to Fig.2, detailed process is:II 125 stretching country rock hole wall of boots, fixed entire combination are supportted on outer frame The rack of formula TBM100;The cutterhead I 111 of advanced TBM110 is rotated by I 112 driving of rotation driving, and propelling cylinder I 113 is to cutterhead I 111 apply thrust, and advanced TBM110 is slowly released, tunneled forward, and I 115 stretching country rock hole wall of boots is supportted on outer frame, fixed super The rack of preceding TBM110, rear support I 138 provide support, are rotated with cutterhead I 111 while cutter 140 itself rotates, kata-rocks The rock slag of body, avalanche is shoveled by scraper bowl I 116 into ribbon conveyer I, is transported to ribbon conveyer II, is unloaded after being finally transported to machine.It promotes Oil cylinder I 113 extends a stroke, cutterhead I 111 and component one stroke of corresponding forward movement connected to cutterhead I 111.It promotes Oil cylinder I 113 is shunk, and is stopped promoting, so that I 111 rotary speed of cutterhead of advanced TBM110 is reduced to zero using retarder, same with this When, provide supporting by manually manipulating mechanical erection extension type shield I 134 and oil hydraulic cylinder I 136.
Advanced TBM110 carries out geological condition detection when tunneling forward, forward probe equipment is collected preceding data, is transferred to Rear analysis computer is analyzed, and the parameter that advanced TBM110 is undergone to rock burst carries out Similar, for instructing main tunnel to expand Dig the construction of TBM120.If driving is normal, S3 is carried out;If driving is abnormal, confirms card machine, advanced TBM110 need to be drawn back.It shrinks Advanced TBM110 and its cardan shaft connect with trailer, are dragged back by trailer by extension type shield I 134.This method can make Construction personnel carries out rock burst emergency preplan in advance, and risk is minimized.
S3, startup dig TBM120, make to dig TBM120 and tunnel a stroke forward.Refering to Fig. 3, detailed process is:Knife Disk II 121 by rotation driving II 122 driving rotate, propelling cylinder II 123 to cutterhead II 121 apply thrust, dig TBM120 to Preceding driving rotates while cutter 140 itself rotates with cutterhead II 121, fragmented rock body, and the rock slag of avalanche is shoveled by scraper bowl II 126 Enter ribbon conveyer II, is unloaded after being transported to machine.Propelling cylinder II 123 extend a stroke, cutterhead II 121 and with cutterhead II 121 The component of connection accordingly moves forward a stroke, until the cutterhead I 111 with advanced TBM110 is in same plane.It is same with this When, provide supporting by manually manipulating mechanical erection extension type shield II 135 and oil hydraulic cylinder II 137.Step is changed, boots are supportted on outer frame II 125 retract, and propelling cylinder II 123 is shunk, and outer frame II 124 is matched to Forward, rear support II 139 during changing step It closes, combination type T BM100 restores reset condition.
S4, step S1-S3 is repeated, starts next stroke operation, until driving arrives distance to a declared goal, that is, completed cavern and open It digs.
It should be noted that:In above-mentioned tunneling process, by inside rock mass anchor pole and the supporting of complete excavation face surface It is closely linked together by attachment device, the destruction of rock mass is avoided using the impact resistance of surface supporting, utilizes anchor The bearing capacity of bar undertakes the load of shock surface system, ensures the systematicness of supporting.
In conclusion the combination type T BM of the embodiment of the present invention realizes that advanced TBM combines hydraulic character with TBM is digged, realize Partial excavation improves the flexibility of deep underground cavern excavation and adaptability under complex geological condition, and easy to operate, favorably TBM under extreme condition gets rid of poverty;Advanced TBM excavations make country rock more fully release energy in advance, and rockburst risk is greatly reduced, And convenient for arranging various rock burst pretreatment measures on advanced TBM, to realize the purpose of prevention rock burst;Advanced TBM excavates shape At the scope of freedom, is conducive to improve overall efficiency of breaking rock, reduces comprehensive energy consumption;Convenient for arranging various forward probes on advanced TBM Means realize the purpose that forward probe is carried out to complex geological condition;Reduce country rock disturbance and deformation failure caused by excavating, has Effect mitigates the TBM card machines as caused by country rock large deformation, is conducive to ensure man-machine safety.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of combination type T BM, which is characterized in that it includes the identical advanced TBM of tunneling direction and digs TBM, described advanced TBM is arranged along the central axes of combination type T BM, and the TBM that digs is enclosed on the outside of the advanced TBM, the advanced TBM and described Preset clearance between TBM is digged, the advanced TBM can be moved along central axes direction.
2. combination type T BM according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the development end for digging TBM is enclosed in described super The cutterhead I in the outside of the development end of preceding TBM, the advanced TBM is in disk form, and the cutterhead II for digging TBM is in circular ring shape, institute State dig TBM cutterhead II be enclosed in the advanced TBM cutterhead I outside.
3. combination type T BM according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the advanced TBM includes being set along tunneling direction connection The cutterhead I and rotation set drive I and propelling cylinder I, cutter are equipped on the cutterhead I, the rotation driving I is for driving The dynamic cutterhead I rotates broken rock, and the propelling cylinder I is for promoting the cutterhead I.
4. combination type T BM according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the advanced TBM further includes being set to the rotation The outer frame I in I outside of driving is distinguished with support boots I on the outer frame at I rear of outer frame, the both ends of the propelling cylinder I are set to Connect support boots I on the outer frame I and the outer frame.
5. combination type T BM according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be provided with scraper bowl I after the cutterhead I for scooping up The rock slag being crushed through cutterhead I, I lower section of the scraper bowl are provided with belt conveyer I for transferring out rock slag.
6. combination type T BM according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the TBM that digs includes being set along tunneling direction connection The cutterhead II and rotation set drive II and propelling cylinder II, and cutter is equipped on the cutterhead II, and the rotation driving II is used In driving the cutterhead II to rotate broken rock, the propelling cylinder II is for promoting the cutterhead II.
7. combination type T BM according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the TBM that digs further includes being set to the rotation It drives the outer frame II in II outside and is set to support boots II, the both ends of the propelling cylinder II on the outer frame at II rear of outer frame It is separately connected support boots II on the outer frame II and the outer frame.
8. combination type T BM according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be provided with scraper bowl II after the cutterhead II for shoveling The rock slag being crushed through cutterhead II is played, II lower section of the scraper bowl is provided with belt conveyer II for transferring out rock slag.
9. combination type T BM according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the advanced TBM or described digs the outside of TBM It is arranged with closed extension type shield, the extension type shield is arranged between digging TBM with corresponding advanced TBM or described There is oil hydraulic cylinder.
10. a kind of driving method of realization pilot heading and forward probe based on combination type T BM as described in claim 1, It is characterized in that, it includes the following steps:
S1, the advanced TBM and the development end for digging TBM are flushed and are directed at cavern position to be excavated;
The position that TBM is digged described in S2, fixation, starts the advanced TBM, so that the advanced TBM is tunneled a stroke forward, stop The only advanced TBM;
TBM is digged described in S3, startup, makes described to dig TBM and tunnel a stroke forward;
S4, step S1-S3 is repeated, until completing cavern excavation.
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CN110259474A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-20 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Thread hob hydraulic-mechanical TBM cutterhead combined-breaking rock method and its digging device
CN111220567A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-06-02 山东大学 TBM (tunnel boring machine) carrying type rock alteration characteristic identification and geological prediction system and method thereof
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CN112593957A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-04-02 重庆文理学院 Tunneling measuring machine capable of realizing remote control type TBM construction and using method
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CN112593957B (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-08-19 重庆文理学院 Tunneling measuring machine capable of realizing remote control type TBM construction and using method
CN112983453A (en) * 2021-03-15 2021-06-18 王义林 Non-explosion medium and small tunnel drift or inclined drift tunneling rotary cutter

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