CN108781958A - A kind of oil tea implantation methods - Google Patents

A kind of oil tea implantation methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108781958A
CN108781958A CN201810394191.2A CN201810394191A CN108781958A CN 108781958 A CN108781958 A CN 108781958A CN 201810394191 A CN201810394191 A CN 201810394191A CN 108781958 A CN108781958 A CN 108781958A
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China
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selenium
tea
oil
seedling
oil tea
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邓诺龙
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Tongren Wanshan High Quality Camellia Planting Co Ltd
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Tongren Wanshan High Quality Camellia Planting Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810394191.2A priority Critical patent/CN108781958A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers

Abstract

The present invention relates to agriculture field, especially a kind of oil tea implantation methods.The present invention is in the planting process of oil tea, by based on green manure, then it is rational Organic Selenium, sodium selenite is added, and strictly control the dosage of sodium selenite；By to seedling inoculation AM fungies, promoting oil tea to enable oil tea that more selenium are carried out absorption and trans-utilization the trans-utilization of selenium, improving tea-oil tree yield, improve tea oil quality；Se content in stringent control top dressing, makes the speed of growth of oil tea get a promotion, and increase the Se content in its fruit, and finally obtaining a kind of can effectively improve organic selenium content in tea-oil tree yield and oil tea, and the not selenium-rich high-yield tea-oil implantation methods of environmental pollution.The Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit yield and oil production higher planted by this method；Se content therein, especially organic selenium content higher.

Description

A kind of oil tea implantation methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, especially a kind of oil tea implantation methods.
Background technology
Oil tea, (Latin literary fame CamelliaoleiferaAbel.) alias：Ribes tree, tea oil tree, white flower tea；Oil tea category Theaceae, evergreen dungarunga.Because its seed can extract oil (tea oil) it is edible, it is therefore named.Tea oil color clear flavor incense, full of nutrition, storage tolerance, It is high quality food oil；Also lubricating oil, antirust oil be can be used as industry.Tea cake is both pesticide and fertilizer, and farmland storage can be improved Outlet capacity and prevention rice pest.Pericarp is the raw material for obtaining through refining tannin extract.
Tea oil tree is one of four big woody oleiferous plants of the world, it is grown in the high mountain and hilly ground of southern china subtropical zone Band is the distinctive pure natural advanced oil plant of one kind of China, is that one kind is evergreen, broad-leaved, long-lived ecological economy seeds, primary kind It plants, is benefited for many years.The seed of oil tea can extract oil (tea oil) it is edible, it is therefore named.Tea oil is a kind of green non-pollution product, insatiable hunger With content of fatty acid up to 90% or more, it is better than olive oil, is a kind of advanced edible vegetable oil of health type, by the United Nations's grain farmer's group Knit emphasis popularization.Its color clear flavor incense, it is full of nutrition, be rich in the active material extremely beneficial to human body, as vitamin A, D, K, E, Squalene, the functional components such as tea polyphenols and beta carotene, tea oil are free of aflatoxin, and storage tolerance is high quality food oil；Tea Oil also can be used as lubricating oil, antirust oil for industry.Tea cake is both pesticide and fertilizer and the raw material of industry, and aqueous enzymatic method refines Tea oil by-product can make nuisanceless detergent liquid, protect water environment, it is capable of using as feed, avoid entering cultivation industry using antibiotic., As it can be seen that camellia oleiferaindustry chain length, comprehensive utilization value is high, and oil tea collects ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit, for It safeguards national food and oil safety, promotes Integrated Development of The Mountainous Region, peasant employment is promoted to increase income, improve people's health situation, accelerate territory Greening process all has a very important role.But current cultural method yield is generally relatively low, seriously constrains oil tea Extensive use.
Selenium is respectfully called " kindling material of life " by domestic and international the world of medicine and nutrition educational circles, enjoy " long-lived element ", " anticancer it The good reputations such as king ", " heart patron saint " and " natural antidote "；Selenium content in tissue is thousand a ten thousandths, but it determines The presence for having determined life, the great function to human health are that other substances are irreplaceable；Selenium deficiency can directly result in human body and exempt from Epidemic disease ability declines, and clinical medicine proves, threatens more than 40 kinds of disease of human health and life all related with human body selenium deficiency, such as cancer Disease, cardiovascular disease, hepatopathy, cataract, pancreatic disease, diabetes, genital system diseases etc..
The basic skills of China's selenium-supply nearly all be unable to do without sodium selenite (including contain selenium milk powder, salt containing selenium, selenium health products, Feed addictive, veterinary drug, plant increase selenium etc.), since sodium selenite there are the inherent shortcomings such as severe toxicity, selenium-supply is caused to fall behind, and it is agriculture A part of inorganic selenium can be converted to Organic Selenium by crop, and Organic Selenium has higher bioactivity, with regard to human body to the absorption of selenium and Speech, biological source Organic Selenium are better than other Organic Seleniums.It is high inorganic to pursue but if increasing a large amount of inorganic selenium to crop simply If selenium yield, inorganic selenium can be caused to assemble in crop body, influence plant growth, and subsequently affect human health, Also resulting in inorganic selenium can not be absorbed by crops completely, cause to waste, and a large amount of inorganic seleniums enter in environment, are caused to environment Pollution, poisons other animals and plants.
How to find it is a kind of can effectively improve organic selenium content in tea-oil tree yield and oil tea, and not environmental pollution Selenium-rich high-yield tea-oil implantation methods are the technical issues of those skilled in the art thirst for solving.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of oil tea implantation methods, specifically Technical scheme is that：
A kind of implantation methods of oil tea, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1000-1400kg is applied per acre in field the earth's surface before plantation, is ploughed deeply comprehensively 50-60cm, each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 0.8-1.2m of deep 0.6-1.0m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 18- in every hole 22kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 4-6kg, oyster shell whiting 1-3kg, chitosan 0.5-3kg, boric acid 0.2-0.8kg amount by each fertilizer with After soil mixing in filling hole, plant is waited for；
(2) it transplants：In the annual 9-10 months by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 15-20L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1-2 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich is green Fertile 1600-4000g, urea 60-80g, calcium magnesium phosphate 15-20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-12g, manganese sulfate 11-13g and ammonium molybdate 4-8g；After transplanting 1 year, annual top dressing 3-6 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 5000-10000g, urea 100- 300g, calcium magnesium phosphate 30-80g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-30g, manganese sulfate 10-30g and ammonium molybdate 10-30g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure, being will be one or more uniformly mixed in the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress After break into slurries and obtain.Preferably, the selenium-rich green manure is by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to weight Than 8:3:5:Slurries are broken into after 2 ratio mixing to obtain.Abundant selenium is suffered from clover, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress to contain Amount, and be mostly Organic Selenium, the more conducively absorption and utilization of plant, and contain a large amount of protein in clover；Folium Astragali is rich There are many nutriment and there is expelling parasite bactericidal effect；Nutgrass flatsedge is a kind of weeds for failing to make full use of, and organic in Hairy Bittercress Se content highest.
The selenium-rich green manure is that sodium selenite is added into green manure, and it is 70-80mg to adjust selenium element content in green manure kg-1.Sodium selenite under this ratio will not be excessive, causes to waste, and can improve oil after being mixed with the nutritional ingredient in green manure Tea acts on the sorption enhanced of sodium selenite.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3), being will be one or more in the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress Slurries are broken into, the water of 1-5 times of weight is added, are uniformly mixed, the sodium selenite of 0.006-0.009% are then added, again mixing. Abundant Se content is suffered from clover, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress, and is mostly Organic Selenium, the more conducively absorption of plant And utilization, sodium selenite appropriate is added thereto, plant will not be damaged, and will not excess load cause sodium selenite rich Collection, moreover it is possible to increase total Se content therein.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3), is that will take sodium selenite powder, and it is 0.05-0.15g/L to add water to be made into Se content Selenium nutrient solution.Sodium selenite solution under this ratio will not influence too much oil tea seedling, can slowly be inhaled by seedling It receives, and is easy to configuration and obtains.
It is to the obligate oil tea AM fungies of seedling inoculation to seedling inoculation AM fungies in the step (3).AM fungies are divided into A variety of, different AM fungies have differences the effect of inoculation of oil tea, and the effect of inoculation of obligate oil tea AM fungies is preferable.
In the step (3), the specific method to the obligate oil tea AM fungies of seedling inoculation is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through After the cleaning of sterile warm water, then with sterile warm water 0.5-4h is impregnated, it is clean to dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：The ratio of 400-600 Example is mixed with sterile soil, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 12-16 weeks, and Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown root and its surrounding is trained It supports soil and passes through pulverization process, the mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged into the seedling root in step (3).Pass through the method The effect of inoculation for being inoculated with obligate oil tea AM fungies is preferable.
In the step (3), distance is in 50-80cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain.It controls seedling strain spacing and goes Except small and weak seedling strain can make the seedling strain of remaining stalwartness obtain better living space, it is conducive to growth.
The step (4), at the florescence monthly to the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.1-5%, the boron fertilizer of 0.1%-0.2% The selenium nutrient solution of solution, Se content 0.05-0.15g/L.The florescence monthly to the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.1-5%, The boron fertilizer solution of 0.1%-0.2% carries out flower and fruit protecting operation, can promote yield；At the florescence monthly to foliage-spray selenium The selenium nutrient solution of content 0.05-0.15g/L can promote the Se content in tea seed.
Folium Astragali：Folium Astragali is a kind of outstanding green manure, with good Se accumulation ability, also rich in a variety of nutrients Matter can improve the beneficiating ingredient content in crop and have expelling parasite bactericidal effect.
Nutgrass flatsedge：Nutgrass flatsedge is a kind of weeds having larger harm to crops, there is indomitable vitality and good selenium Accumulation ability fails to be made full use of at present.
Clover：The processing of clover green manure significantly improves the content of the soil organism, total nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium, improves The physicochemical character of soil；Meanwhile clover green manure+N fertilization is the most apparent to the function and effect for increasing the soil organism, and And effectively facilitate the activity of phosphorus and potassium in soil.
Hairy Bittercress：Hairy Bittercress has very strong accumulation ability, plant selenium content to may be up to 1000mg/kg or more on selenium, The inorganic selenium in environment can be largely absorbed, and is converted into the Organic Seleniums such as selenoprotein, selenium polysaccharide.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the invention is embodied in：
The present invention is in the planting process of oil tea, by based on green manure, then it is rational Organic Selenium, sodium selenite is added, And the dosage of sodium selenite is strictly controlled, so that oil tea seedling is being obtained sufficient selenium supplement, to promote the growth of seedling, improves young While shoot survival percent, seedling health will not be impacted, inorganic selenium will not be made to be enriched in seedling body, moreover it is possible to make oil tea Se content increases in seed；By to seedling inoculation AM fungies, promoting oil tea to the trans-utilization of selenium, enabling oil tea by more selenium Absorption and trans-utilization are carried out, and improves its resistance to the adverse circumstances such as low temperature, arid, saline and alkaline, and reduces soil-borne disease and nematode Infection improve tea oil quality to improve tea-oil tree yield；Se content in stringent control top dressing, makes the speed of growth of oil tea It gets a promotion, and increases the Se content in its fruit, finally obtaining a kind of can effectively improve Organic Selenium in tea-oil tree yield and oil tea Content, and the not selenium-rich high-yield tea-oil implantation methods of environmental pollution.The Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit yield planted by this method and Oil production higher；Se content therein, especially organic selenium content higher.
Specific implementation mode
It is limited with reference to specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further, but claimed Range describes made by being not only limited to.
Embodiment 1
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure, be by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to etc. weight ratios after mixing Slurries are broken into obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to weight ratio 8:3: 5:Slurries are broken into after 2 ratio mixing to obtain, the water of 3 times of weight is added, is uniformly mixed, and 0.0075% selenous acid is then added Sodium, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Embodiment 2
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1000kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 50cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 0.8m of deep 0.6m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 18kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 4kg, oyster shell whiting 1kg, chitosan 0.5kg, boric acid 0.2kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 15L, in conjunction in Weeding, distance is in 50cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 1600g, urea 60g, calcium magnesium phosphate 15g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10g, manganese sulfate 11g and ammonium molybdate 4g；After transplanting 1 year, chase after every year Fertilizer 3 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 5000g, urea 100g, calcium magnesium phosphate 30g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20g, manganese sulfate 10g and ammonium molybdate 10g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure is that the Hairy Bittercress of selenium-rich is broken into slurries to obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is that the Hairy Bittercress of selenium-rich is broken into slurries, and the water of 1 times of weight is added, and mixing is equal It is even, 0.006% sodium selenite is then added, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 0.5h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：400 ratio is mixed with sterile soil, The Seed of Camellia oleifera dried is cultivated wherein 12 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost passes through pulverization process, The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged into the seedling root in step (3).
Embodiment 3
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1400kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 60cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1.2m of deep 1.0m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 22kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 6kg, oyster shell whiting 3kg, chitosan 3kg, boric acid 0.8kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual October by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 20L, in conjunction in Weeding, distance is in 80cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 2 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 4000g, urea 80g, calcium magnesium phosphate 20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12g, manganese sulfate 13g and ammonium molybdate 8g；After transplanting 1 year, chase after every year Fertilizer 6 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 10000g, urea 300g, calcium magnesium phosphate 80g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30g, manganese sulfate 30g and ammonium molybdate 30g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure is that the clover of selenium-rich is broken into slurries to obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is that the clover of selenium-rich is broken into slurries, and the water of 5 times of weight is added, and mixing is equal It is even, 0.009% sodium selenite is then added, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 4h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：600 ratio is mixed with sterile soil, It wherein cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried 16 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost passes through pulverization process, most The mixture obtained after crushing is discharged into the seedling root in step (3) afterwards.
Embodiment 4
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure is that selenium-rich Folium Astragali is broken into slurries to obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is that the Folium Astragali of selenium-rich is broken into slurries to obtain, and the water of 3 times of weight is added, and is mixed It closes uniformly, 0.0075% sodium selenite is then added, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Embodiment 5
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure is that the nutgrass flatsedge of selenium-rich is broken into slurries to obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is that the nutgrass flatsedge of selenium-rich is broken into slurries to obtain, and the water of 3 times of weight, mixing is added Uniformly, 0.0075% sodium selenite is then added, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Embodiment 6
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure is that sodium selenite is added into green manure, and it is 75mgkg to adjust selenium element content in green manure-1Afterwards It obtains.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to weight ratio 8:3: 5:Slurries are broken into after 2 ratio mixing to obtain, the water of 3 times of weight is added, is uniformly mixed, and 0.0075% selenous acid is then added Sodium, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Embodiment 7
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure, be by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to etc. weight ratios after mixing Slurries are broken into obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3), is that will take sodium selenite powder, and it is 0.05-0.15g/L to add water to be made into Se content Selenium nutrient solution.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Embodiment 8
A kind of oil tea implantation methods, include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1200kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 55cm comprehensively, Each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 1m of deep 0.8m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 20kg in every hole, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, Oyster shell whiting 2kg, chitosan 1.75kg, boric acid 0.5kg amount each fertilizer is mixed with soil after filling hole in, wait for plant；
(2) it transplants：In annual September by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 17.5L, in conjunction with Tillage and weeding, distance is in 65cm between controlling seedling strain, and removes small and weak seedling strain, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1 time, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 2800g, urea 70g, calcium magnesium phosphate 17.5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 11g, manganese sulfate 12g and ammonium molybdate 6g；After transplanting 1 year, every year Top dressing 4 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 7500g, urea 200g, calcium magnesium phosphate 55g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25g, sulfuric acid Manganese 20g and ammonium molybdate 20g, at the florescence monthly to the urea liquid of foliage-spray 2.5%, 0.15% boron fertilizer solution, Se content The selenium nutrient solution of 0.1g/L；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, seed Shell blackening is shinny, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
The selenium-rich green manure, be by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to etc. weight ratios after mixing Slurries are broken into obtain.
The selenium nutrient solution of the step (3) is by the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress according to weight ratio 8:3: 5:Slurries are broken into after 2 ratio mixing to obtain, the water of 3 times of weight is added, is uniformly mixed, and 0.0075% selenous acid is then added Sodium, again mixing.
In the step (3), the specific method to seedling inoculation AM fungies is：Sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera is passed through into sterile warm water After cleaning, then with sterile warm water impregnate 2.25h, clean dry, then by AM fungies according to 1：500 ratio is mixed with sterile soil It closes, cultivates the Seed of Camellia oleifera dried wherein 14 weeks, Seed of Camellia oleifera is newly grown to root and its surrounding compost by crushing The mixture obtained after crushing is finally discharged the seedling root in step (3) by reason.
Se content detection is carried out to the soil outside the planting area of embodiment 1-8, the Se content of soil is in 0.5-1.2mg/ Kg will not cause soil selenium contamination.
5 years yield of oil tea, camellia oleifera fruit Se contents will be planted according to embodiment 1-8 methods, and with its tea seed oil expression institute The tea oil obtained is compared：
By upper data it is found that the tea oil tree that the implantation methods of the present invention are planted, tea seed yield is higher, gained oil Se content is also higher in tea fruit, and with the comparison of commercially available selenium-rich tea oil it is found that the implantation methods of the present invention were planted The natural selenium-rich tea oil of the production of tea oil tree, Se content is higher than commercially available selenium-rich tea oil in tea oil, and Organic Selenium ratio is more in tea oil It is to be far above commercially available selenium-rich tea oil.
Finally it is pointed out that above example is only the more representational example of the present invention.Obviously, technology of the invention Scheme is not limited to above-described embodiment, and acceptable there are many deformations.Those skilled in the art can be from disclosed by the invention All deformations that content is directly exported or associated, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of implantation methods of oil tea, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) environmental preparation：Selenium-rich green manure 1000-1400kg is applied before plantation per acre in field the earth's surface, progress ploughs deeply 50- comprehensively 60cm, each planting pit will dig the hollow place of each 0.8-1.2m of deep 0.6-1.0m, length and width, according to the decomposed farm manure 18- in every hole 22kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 4-6kg, oyster shell whiting 1-3kg, chitosan 0.5-3kg, boric acid 0.2-0.8kg amount by each fertilizer with After soil mixing in filling hole, plant is waited for；
(2) it transplants：In the annual 9-10 months by the good oil tea seedling replanting of nursery in the planting pit dug, earthing, compacting；
(3) seedling period management：After the completion of transplanting, selenium nutrient solution is sprayed to seedling, per acre spray nutritious liquor 15-20L, in conjunction with intertillage Weeding, to seedling inoculation AM fungies；
(4) Soil and fertilizer management：First Year after tea oil tree transplantation of seedlings, monthly top dressing 1-2 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 1600-4000g, urea 60-80g, calcium magnesium phosphate 15-20g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-12g, manganese sulfate 11-13g and ammonium molybdate 4- 8g；After transplanting 1 year, annual top dressing 3-6 times, per each top dressing of young plant：Selenium-rich green manure 5000-10000g, urea 100-300g, Calcium magnesium phosphate 30-80g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-30g, manganese sulfate 10-30g and ammonium molybdate 10-30g；
(5) it harvests：When tea fruit lovely luster, presentation is glossy, and White flesh takes off, and fruit base hair is hard and thick, shell fine fisssure, and seed shell becomes Dark hair is bright, and seed benevolence is gathered in when existing oily.
2. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selenium-rich green manure is by the lucerne of selenium-rich One or more slurries that break into after mixing in Mu, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress obtain.
3. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the selenium-rich green manure is by the lucerne of selenium-rich Mu, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress are according to weight ratio 8:3:5:Slurries are broken into after 2 ratio mixing to obtain.
4. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selenium-rich green manure is added into green manure Enter sodium selenite, it is 70-80mgkg to adjust selenium element content in green manure-1。
5. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selenium nutrient solution of the step (3), be by One or more in the clover of selenium-rich, Folium Astragali, nutgrass flatsedge, Hairy Bittercress break into slurries, the water of 1-5 times of weight are added, mixing is equal It is even, the sodium selenite of 0.006-0.009% is then added, again mixing.
6. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selenium nutrient solution of the step (3), be by Sodium selenite powder is taken, water is added to be made into the selenium nutrient solution that Se content is 0.05-0.15g/L.
7. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3), to seedling inoculation AM Fungi is to the obligate oil tea AM fungies of seedling inoculation.
8. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that special to seedling inoculation in the step (3) The specific method of property oil tea AM fungies is：By sterile Seed of Camellia oleifera by sterile warm water cleaning after, then with sterile warm water immersion 0.5-4h is cleaned and is dried, then by AM fungies according to 1：The ratio of 400-600 is mixed with sterile soil, and cultivation wherein is dried Seed of Camellia oleifera, is newly grown root by Seed of Camellia oleifera 12-16 weeks and its surrounding compost passes through pulverization process, after finally crushing The mixture arrived discharges the seedling root in step (3).
9. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (3), control seedling strain spacing From in 50-80cm, and remove small and weak seedling strain.
10. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4), the florescence monthly To the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.1-5%, the selemium nutrition of the boron fertilizer solution of 0.1%-0.2%, Se content 0.05-0.15g/L Liquid.
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Application publication date: 20181113