CN108781816A - A kind of Black Box Tracing epicormic branch cuttage rooting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rooting the cuttings of Sorbus arvensis twigs, using Aronia as a test material, and the effects of different concentrations of exogenous hormones on the rooting effect of the cuttings of Sorbus arvensis, based on the principal component analysis method The cutting effect of each treatment combination was comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the rooting traits of cuttings with different concentrations of exogenous hormones varied greatly, among which the number of branches, the number of primary roots, the number of secondary roots and root length varied greatly, reaching more than 70%. Two principal components with characteristic roots>1 were extracted by factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 89.109%. From the perspective of comprehensive scores, ABT1 with 500 mg·L ^‑1 had the highest comprehensive score, and the root system of cuttings was the most; with 800 mg·L The cuttings treated with ^‑1 hormone were next, with the highest rooting rate and seedling height, and the rooting traits of control CK were the lowest. Hormone concentrations should be selectively configured according to seedling needs during production and promotion.

Description

A kind of cutting rooting method of Sorbus adenocarba twigs

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and relates to a rooting method of cuttages of Sorbus adenocarpus twigs.

Background technique

Aronia melacarpa belongs to the genus Rosaceae, and is a precious tree species with edible, medicinal, garden and ecological values. The fruit and its extracts have extraordinary health effects, and have special curative effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as heart disease and hypertension. It is widely used in medicine and functional food industry in Europe and America. Anthocyanins, flavonoids (fresh fruit content as high as 0.25% to 0.35%) and polyphenols in the fruit are the highest in known plants. The fruit also contains substances such as various vitamins and mineral elements. The fruit can be processed into food and beverages such as fruit juice, fruit wine, jam, canned food and preserved fruit. It has been about 20 years since my country introduced the economic tree species of Sorbus adenocarpus. Up to now, the cultivated area is about 133.3～166.7hm ² . This tree species has remarkable economic benefits. The yield per hectare in the garden can reach 10-15 tons, the average yield per plant in the full fruit period can reach 10kg, and the annual output value per hectare is 220,000-300,000 yuan.

Located in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, Xinjiang is a typical arid desert area with very fragile habitat conditions and heavy ecological construction tasks. Sorbus nigra has strong drought and cold resistance. It can withstand low temperatures of -40°C and can grow naturally in areas with precipitation below 500mm. Therefore, it has both ecological and economic benefits. It can be used as a special economic forest cultivation and ecological restoration. , Reconstruction and improvement of ornamental in urban greening have a broad market prospect.

At present, it is mainly propagated by cuttings, which has the advantages of simple operation, short reproduction cycle, high reproduction coefficient, and low cost. Previous evaluations on the rooting effect of twig cuttings mostly used analysis of variance, multiple comparisons, etc. Considering that the calculation units of the original data are inconsistent, Wang Xian et al. used the membership function method to carry out weighted average of each rooting influencing factor when evaluating the properties of lily cuttings. , in the closed interval (0-1) corresponds to the corresponding membership value, the closer to 1, the higher the comprehensive score, which increases the accuracy of the test results. Wang Shusheng et al. conducted variance analysis on the influence of rooting factors on rooting traits in the cutting experiment of Rhododendron twigs, and conducted principal component analysis on 19 groups of hormone combinations with better cutting effects, and calculated the comprehensive score. The test results are more accurate and comprehensive. Therefore, on the basis of traditional analysis methods, the comprehensive evaluation is carried out with the help of principal component analysis.

Most of the researches on the cutting of Sorbus nigritica focus on the cutting methods, such as the preparation of cuttings, the selection of substrate, the process of management and protection after insertion, etc. Evaluation reports are rare.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for rooting the cuttings of Sorbus adenocarpus twigs. Using the membership function method to unify the quantitative classes of rooting traits, and considering the influence of each rooting trait index on the comprehensive score ranking based on factor analysis, the most suitable hormone concentration gradient for the cuttings of Sorbus adenocarpus twigs was comprehensively screened, in order to provide The large-scale promotion of Sorbus nigra in Xinjiang provides a reliable reference.

Its specific technical plan is:

A kind of method for rooting of Arana oleifera twig cuttings, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. The ear picking time is selected before 07:00 in the morning. Collect the new shoots of the 2-year-old mother tree in the current year, and cut them from the top buds downwards. Each section is 10-12cm long. Subtract 1/2 to 1/3 of the size of the area, and the upper and lower incisions are all flat;

Step 2. Exogenous hormone treatment: the concentration of ABT No. 1 hormone is 500-800 mg·L ^-1 , and the hormone treatment time is 10 minutes;

Step 3. Cover the roof with a layer of plastic film before cutting the cuttings, and cover the plastic film with double-layer sunshade nets. The greenhouse is equipped with a full-light intermittent automatic spraying device. 3 days before the cuttings, the substrate is loam, and the substrate is cultivated and loosened. , to increase soil air permeability, and disinfect the substrate with 800 times potassium permanganate solution. The slotting bed is 7m long and 1m wide, facing east and west.

Step 4. When cutting, control the temperature in the shed at 25-28°C, and keep the humidity above 75%. When the leaves curl, immediately use a sprayer to replenish water on the leaves and ensure that the substrate is moist.

Further, in the early stage of cutting (0-15 days), the temperature in the shed is controlled at 25-30°C, the ground temperature is controlled at 16-23°C, the humidity is kept above 70%, the temperature in the shed exceeds 30°C, and the plastic films on the east and west sides are lifted. Ventilate and ventilate, use automatic spraying device to spray water to cool down every 45 minutes, or use portable sprayer to replenish water for leaves. In the middle stage of cutting (15-40d), most of the cuttings have formed calluses and adventitious roots. At this time, gradually extend the time for ventilation and light transmission of cuttings, remove a layer of sunshade net, and spray 1000 times of "green plant spring" every 7 days Foliar fertilizer supplements nutrition. In the later stage of cutting, remove the plastic film, change the frequency of water spraying to once every 3 hours, reduce the temperature and humidity in the shed, and gradually transition to the outdoors. When the color of the root system turns from white to brown, remove the sunshade net and practice seedlings in the open shed.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

In the present invention, Aronia nigra is used as a test material, through the influence of different exogenous hormone concentrations on the rooting effect of its tender branch cuttings, and based on the principal component analysis method, the cutting effects of each treatment combination are comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the rooting traits of cuttings with different concentrations of exogenous hormones varied greatly, among which the number of branches, the number of primary roots, the number of secondary roots and root length varied greatly, reaching more than 70%. Two principal components with characteristic roots > 1 were extracted by factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 89.109%. In terms of comprehensive scores, ABT1 with 500mg·L ^-1 had the highest comprehensive score and the most cutting roots ^; 800mg·L -1 ¹ Hormone-treated cuttings took the second place, with the highest rooting rate and seedling height, and the control (CK) had the lowest rooting traits. Hormone concentrations should be selectively configured according to seedling needs during production and promotion.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

1 Materials and methods

1.1 Overview of the test site

The test site is located in Jimsar County, Changji Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The annual average temperature is 6.5°C, the extreme maximum temperature is 38.3°C, and the extreme minimum temperature is -33.8°C. The average temperature in July is 22.6°C, the annual average relative humidity is 57%, and the frost-free period is 150 days , the annual precipitation is 232.7mm, often accompanied by hot and dry wind, drought, frost and other weather.

1.2 Test materials

The tested Arana adenocarpus was introduced from the Sino-Russian Forestry Science and Technology Cooperation Park in Heihe City. The ear-picking time is selected before 07:00 in the morning. Collect the new shoots of the 2-year-old mother tree in the current year, cut from the top bud downward, each section is 10-12cm long, and keep 2 leaves for each cutting. The leaves are reduced according to the leaf area Remove 1/2 to 1/3, and the upper and lower incisions are flat. The exogenous hormone ABT root powder No. 1 (ABT-1) was developed by the Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences. The test greenhouse is equipped with a full-light intermittent automatic spraying device.

1.3 Test method

1.3.1 Experimental design

A completely randomized block design was adopted, and the ABT-1 hormone concentration gradients were designed to be 0 (CK), 200, 300, 500, 800 mg·L ^-1 , and the hormone treatment time was 10 minutes. Three groups of replicates were set up for each group of treatments, and 35 cuttings were cut in each group of replicates. The substrate is loam.

1.3.2 Field management

Before the cuttings were cut, a layer of plastic film was covered on the roof of the shed, and a double-layer sunshade net was covered on the plastic film. 3 days before cutting, the substrate was cultivated to loosen the soil to increase the air permeability of the soil, and the substrate was disinfected with 800 times of potassium permanganate. The slotting bed is 7m long and 1m wide, facing east-west. The cutting adopts the straight insertion method, the row spacing between plants is 6cm×8cm, and the depth is about 4cm. When cutting, control the temperature in the shed at 25-28°C, and keep the humidity above 75%. When the leaves curl, immediately use a sprayer to replenish water on the leaves and ensure that the substrate is moist. In the early stage of cutting (0-15 days), the temperature in the shed is controlled at 25-30°C, the ground temperature is controlled at 16-23°C, the humidity is kept above 70%, the temperature in the shed exceeds 30°C, and the plastic films on both sides of the east and west are ventilated and ventilated. , Use an automatic spray device to spray water to cool down every 45 minutes, or use a portable sprayer to replenish water for the leaves. In the middle stage of cutting (15-40d), most of the cuttings have formed callus and adventitious roots. At this time, gradually prolong the ventilation and light transmission time of cuttings, remove a layer of sunshade net, and spray 1000 times of "green plant spring" every 7 days Foliar fertilizer supplements nutrition. In the later stage of cutting, remove the plastic film, change the frequency of water spraying to once every 3 hours, reduce the temperature and humidity in the shed, and gradually transition to the outdoors. When the color of the root system turns from white to brown, remove the sunshade net and practice seedlings in the open shed.

1.3.3 Statistics of morphological parameters

After 4 months of cutting, count the number of roots of the cutting seedlings of Sorbus adenocarpa, and measure the number of first-order roots, second-order roots, length of first-order roots, and the number of branches of the above-ground part of the cuttings at the same time. The rooting rate was calculated from the number of rooted plants.

The number of first-level roots is the number of first-level roots longer than 1cm; the number of second-level roots is the number of second-level roots longer than 0.5cm; first-level root length = total length of first-level roots/first-level roots Number of strips; rooting rate (%)=number of rooted cuttings/total number of cuttings*100; seedling height is the height from the ground diameter to the top of the cutting; stem diameter is the thickness of the ground diameter.

1.4 Data Analysis

Principal component analysis was performed on the data using Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0 software. The data results are standardized using the membership function method. The positive correlation index uses the formula (1), and the negative correlation index uses the formula (2). The formula is as follows:

In the formula, X _in and X' _in refer to the membership function value after conversion of the original data of the i-th index in the n-th standard sample respectively; U _in refers to the original measurement result of the i-th index in the n-th standard sample; U _imax and U _{imin refer} to the maximum and minimum values of the i-th index in the sample group, respectively.

Principal component analysis method: Perform principal component analysis on the results of data standardization, extract the principal components that have a significant impact on the rooting traits, obtain the scores F _jn of each principal component, and summarize the scores D _n to calculate the corresponding principal component contribution The rate _Ej is used as the weight. Calculated as follows:

D _n is the comprehensive score of the rooting traits of each sample obtained by the principal component analysis method; F _jn is the principal component score of the jth eigenvalue of the nth sample >1; m is the number of principal components with the eigenvalue >1; E _j is the contribution rate of the jth principal component.

2 Results and Analysis

2.1 Rooting traits of Sorbus nigra under different hormone concentrations

From the degree of variation in Table 1, we can see that there are different degrees of variation in the seven rooting traits. Among them, the number of branches, the number of first-order roots, the number of second-order roots, and the length of first-order roots have large variations, with a variation coefficient of more than 70%. The differences in seedling height and stem diameter are small, with a variation coefficient of less than 30%.

Table 1 Results of rooting traits of Aronia nigra

2.2 Principal Component Analysis of Rooting Traits of Aronia nigricarpa with Different Hormone Concentrations

2.2.1 Data Standardization

Due to the different measurement units of rooting traits, it is not convenient for data analysis. Before the principal component analysis, the data were standardized using the membership function method, and the results are shown in Table 2. According to the evaluation requirements of rooting traits, the higher the value of the 7 rooting traits, the better the rooting effect.

Table 2 Standardization results of rooting traits of Aronia nigricarpa under different hormone concentrations

The standardized data were subjected to principal component analysis, and 2 principal components were extracted from the 7 rooting traits indicators, and the extracted square loading matrix and the cubic rotation square loading matrix were obtained (Table 3). The extracted characteristic roots indicate how much information can represent the original data. The variance contribution rates of the principal components f1 and f2 are 52.406% and 36.703%, respectively, and the characteristic roots corresponding to the two principal components are both greater than 1, which meets the analysis requirements. Therefore, the extracted 2 principal components can be used to replace the original 7 rooting traits to evaluate and screen the 4 hormone concentration gradients.

Table 3 The characteristic root, variance contribution rate and cumulative contribution rate of principal components

2.2.2 Factor analysis

It can be seen from Table 4 that the matrix reflects the quality indicators of rooting traits in the principal components with higher loads and positive signs, including the number of branches, the number of first-level roots, and the number of second-level roots, and the weights of the loads are 0.994 in turn. , 0.895 and 0.963, the quality index with higher load weight and negative sign is stem thickness, and the load weight is -0.740. It indicated that the first principal component mainly reflected the quality of root system of cuttings.

In the second principal component, the quality indicators with higher loading values and positive signs include primary root length, seedling height, and rooting rate. The loading values are 0.783, 0.888, and 0.851, respectively, indicating that the second principal component mainly reflects the length of the root system. , the level of growth and the number of roots.

Table 4 Principal component loading matrix after rotation

2.2.3 Comprehensive evaluation and scoring of cuttings under different hormone concentrations

Divide the principal component loading value of the rooting trait index variable (Table 4) by the eigenvalue of the corresponding principal component and take the square root to obtain the coefficients corresponding to each index of the two principal components, that is, the eigenvector, and compare the eigenvector with the standardized data. Multiply, you can get the function expression of the two principal components (where ZX represents the standardized data):

f1==0.5206ZX ₁ +0.494ZX ₂ +0.5124ZX ₃ +0.3729ZX ₄ -0.2642ZX ₅ -0.4492ZX ₆ -0.2768ZX ₇ ;

f2 == -0.0986ZX ₁ -0.3474ZX ₂ -0.2511ZX ₃ +0.5521ZX ₄ +0.5879ZX ₅ -0.4694ZX ₆ +0.5755ZX ₇ .

Among the two expressions, ZX ₁ is the number of branches, ZX ₂ is the number of primary roots, ZX ₃ is the number of secondary roots, ZX ₄ is the length of primary roots, ZX ₅ is the height of seedlings, and ZX ₆ is the stem Coarse, ZX ₇ is the rooting rate.

Taking the ratio of the eigenvalues corresponding to each principal component to the total eigenvalues of the extracted principal components as the weight, the comprehensive function fz=A ₁ f ₁ +A ₂ f ₂ can be calculated, Among them, A ₁ and A ₂ respectively represent the eigenvalues of the two principal components.

Table 5 Scores of each principal component, comprehensive score and ranking comparison

It can be seen from Table 5 that under different hormone concentrations, the comprehensive score fz of rooting traits of Aronia nigricarpa from high to low is 500, 800, 300, 200 mg·L ^-1 , CK. It can be seen that the use of exogenous hormones can significantly improve the rooting effect of cuttings.

According to the ranking of the principal component f ₁ , 500mg·L ^-1 >300mg·L ^-1 >200mg·L ^-1 >800mg·L ^-1 >CK, the number of roots and branches of cuttings treated with 500mg·L ^-1 ABT1 The biggest amount. The root quality of cuttings treated with CK was poor, and the number of hairy roots and branches were the least. It shows that the use of exogenous hormones can effectively increase the number of roots and branches of Aronia nigra cuttings.

According to the ranking of the principal component f2, 800mg _· L ^-1 >300mg·L ^-1 >500mg·L ^-1 >200mg·L ^-1 >CK, the root length of cuttings treated with 800mg·L ^-1 ABT1 hormone is the longest , rooting rate and seedling height are the highest. The cuttings without hormone treatment (CK) had the lowest rooting rate, the shortest root length, and the lowest score.

3 Conclusion and Discussion

The test organically integrated the membership function method and the principal component analysis method, which was different from the traditional cutting analysis method, and comprehensively extracted the hormone concentration that was most beneficial to the rooting effect of Sorbus arvensis. The test results showed that, on the basis of unifying the rooting trait units with the membership function method, based on factor analysis, two principal components with characteristic roots > 1 were extracted, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 89.109%, which could fully reflect all the information of the original data. After sorting by the comprehensive score f _z , the scores of exogenous hormones on rooting traits were 500mg·L ^-1 >800mg·L ^-1 >300mg·L ^-1 >200mg·L ^-1 >CK, and 500mg·L ^-1 was used The rooting effect of ABT1 treatment was the best. The test results also showed that the common factor f ₁ was treated with 500 mg·L ^-1 of ABT1 for the best effect, and the root number of cuttings was significantly positively correlated with the number of branches, indicating that improving the root quality of cuttings can effectively promote the growth of new shoots in the aboveground part. growth. The common factor f ₂ was the best treatment with 800 mg·L ^-1 ABT1, and the rooting rate of cuttings was significantly correlated with root length and seedling height. In production, the hormone concentration can be selectively configured according to the needs of seedling cultivation.

The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can obviously obtain the simplicity of the technical solution. Changes or equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of Black Box Tracing epicormic branch cuttage rooting method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

Step 1 is adopted before the fringe time is selected in 07 ︰ 00 of early morning, is acquired 2 years breeder mother and tree current year is given birth to apple neonatal tress, from the downward clip of terminal bud, Per 10~12 cm of segment length, every section of cuttings retains 2 blades, and blade subtracts 1/2~1/3 according to leaf area size, and upper lower cut is equal For truncation；

Step 2, exogenous hormone processing：500~800 mgL of ABT-1 hormone concentrations^-1, the HORMONE TREATMENT time is 10 min；

One layer of plastic foil is covered in ceiling before step 3, cuttings cuttage, and covers double-layered sunshade net, greenhouse on the plastic film It is equipped with full exposure interval-automatic spraying device, 3 d before cuttage, matrix is loam, and carrying out intertillage to matrix loosens the soil, and it is saturating to increase soil Gas is used in combination 800 times of liquid of potassium permanganate to carry out disinfection processing matrix, and slotting machine grows 7 m, wide 1 m, east-west direction, and cuttage uses Straight cutting method, seeding row spacing are the cm of 6 cm × 8, and depth is 4 cm；

Temperature of shed is controlled at 25 ~ 28 DEG C when step 4, cuttage, humidity is maintained at 75% or more, when blade crimps, and stands Sprayer is used to carry out moisturizing to blade face, and ensures that matrix moistens.

2. Black Box Tracing epicormic branch cuttage rooting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cuttage early period, will Temperature of shed control is at 25 ~ 30 DEG C, and ground temperature is controlled at 16 ~ 23 DEG C, and humidity is maintained at 70% or more, and temperature of shed is more than 30 DEG C, east and west sides plastic foil is started ventilated, uses automatic sprayer spray cooling at interval of 45 min, or using just It is blade moisturizing to take formula sprayer；Cuttage mid-term, most cuttings have formed callus and adventitious root, have gradually prolonged at this time The long cuttings ventilation and penetrating light time removes one layer of sunshade net, every 7 d, sprays 1 000 times " green plant spring " foliar fertilizer Replacement Battalion It supports；The cuttage later stage removes plastic foil, and it is primary that water spray number is changed to 3 h, reduces humiture in canopy and works as root gradually to outdoor transition Be color by turning brown in vain when, remove sunshade net, open canopy practice seedling.

3. Black Box Tracing epicormic branch cuttage rooting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step 2 ABT-1 hormone concentrations are 500 mgL^-1。