CN108728122A - Tunnel oven continuous carbonization furnace - Google Patents
Tunnel oven continuous carbonization furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108728122A CN108728122A CN201810679361.1A CN201810679361A CN108728122A CN 108728122 A CN108728122 A CN 108728122A CN 201810679361 A CN201810679361 A CN 201810679361A CN 108728122 A CN108728122 A CN 108728122A
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- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B41/00—Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及碳化炉领域，尤其涉及一种隧道窑连续碳化炉。The invention relates to the field of carbonization furnaces, in particular to a tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace.
背景技术Background technique
传统烧制机制木炭一般利用土窑或干馏窑。The traditional firing mechanism of charcoal generally uses earthen kiln or dry distillation kiln.
土窑的装窑和出窑过程工人劳动强度大，操作环境差；由于土窑烧制过程中，碳化窑需要反复的预热和冷却，因此烧窑时间长，一般都需要7-8天，造成生产效率非常低下；土窑碳化过程为非连续操作因此产生的燃气不能稳定燃烧，不仅造成极大的能源浪费而且污染环境，目前土窑基本已被各地环保部门取缔或关停。The kiln loading and unloading process of the earth kiln is labor-intensive and the operating environment is poor; because the carbonization kiln needs repeated preheating and cooling during the firing process of the earth kiln, the firing time of the kiln is long, generally 7-8 days, The production efficiency is very low; the carbonization process of earthen kilns is a discontinuous operation, so the gas generated cannot be burned stably, which not only causes great energy waste but also pollutes the environment. At present, earthen kilns have basically been banned or shut down by environmental protection departments in various places.
机制木炭也有部分采用干馏窑碳化炉，即利用铁桶或铁箱装棒，外面用燃气或木材间接加热铁箱或铁桶，属于间歇操作，出碳速度较快，但是只能制取中低温机制木炭碳。Mechanism charcoal is also partly used in dry distillation kiln carbonization furnace, that is to use iron drum or iron box to pack rods, and use gas or wood to indirectly heat the iron box or iron drum outside. Mechanism charcoal carbon.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此，本发明的目的之一在于提供一种隧道窑连续碳化炉，以解决现有技术中的碳化炉效率低、浪费能源污染环境以及出碳速度与连续操作无法兼得等的问题。Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace to solve the problems of low efficiency of the carbonization furnace in the prior art, wasting energy and polluting the environment, and incompatibility between carbonization speed and continuous operation.
为达上述目的，本发明提供一种隧道窑连续碳化炉，该隧道窑连续碳化炉包括：窑车，该窑车上具有护栏，且在窑车的底部安装有滚轮，该窑车用以输送物料；隧道窑，该隧道窑的窑头进口处设置有窑头封闭闸门，该隧道窑的窑尾出口处设置有窑尾封闭闸门，且该隧道窑内设置有供该窑车移动的轨道；液压步进机，与该窑车连接，并推动该窑车于该隧道窑内沿该轨道移动；燃气收集装置，包括：燃气排出管，贯穿该隧道窑的壁体；燃气收集管道，设置于该隧道窑的外部，该燃气收集管道通过开关控制阀与该燃气排出管连接，且该燃气收集管道的一端水封；以及燃气输送管道，设置于该隧道窑的外部，该燃气输送管道连接该燃气收集管道的另一端；温度测量装置，设置于该隧道窑窑内，用以检测该隧道窑窑内温度；以及控制装置，与该温度测量装置以及该液压步进机连接。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace, the tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace includes: kiln car, the kiln car has a guardrail, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the kiln car, the kiln car is used to transport Materials; tunnel kiln, the kiln head entrance of the tunnel kiln is provided with a kiln head closed gate, the kiln tail exit of the tunnel kiln is provided with a kiln tail closed gate, and the tunnel kiln is provided with a track for the kiln car to move; The hydraulic stepping machine is connected with the kiln car, and pushes the kiln car to move along the track in the tunnel kiln; the gas collection device includes: a gas discharge pipe, which runs through the wall of the tunnel kiln; Outside the tunnel kiln, the gas collection pipeline is connected to the gas discharge pipe through a switch control valve, and one end of the gas collection pipeline is water-sealed; and a gas delivery pipeline is arranged outside the tunnel kiln, and the gas delivery pipeline is connected to the The other end of the gas collection pipeline; the temperature measuring device is arranged in the tunnel kiln to detect the temperature in the tunnel kiln; and the control device is connected with the temperature measuring device and the hydraulic stepper.
作为可选的技术方案，该隧道窑采用耐火砖砌筑而成。As an optional technical solution, the tunnel kiln is built with refractory bricks.
作为可选的技术方案，该窑车上装有底部碰块，该窑车通过底部碰块与该液压步进机推杆接触实现连接，由该液压步进机按照工艺时间推动该窑车实现工序步进。As an optional technical solution, the kiln car is equipped with a bottom bumper, and the kiln car is connected with the push rod of the hydraulic stepper through the bottom bumper, and the hydraulic stepper pushes the kiln car according to the process time to complete the process. stepping.
作为可选的技术方案，还包括行吊装置，该行吊装置用以对窑车进行移动以及就位处理。As an optional technical solution, it also includes a row hanging device, which is used to move and position the kiln car.
作为可选的技术方案，该温度测量装置包括设置于该隧道窑窑内的复数个温度热电偶，该复数个温度热电偶沿该物料输送方向间隔第一距离设置。As an optional technical solution, the temperature measuring device includes a plurality of temperature thermocouples arranged in the tunnel kiln, and the plurality of temperature thermocouples are arranged at intervals of a first distance along the material conveying direction.
作为可选的技术方案，该窑车采用不锈钢槽钢制作形成。As an optional technical solution, the kiln car is made of stainless steel channel steel.
作为可选的技术方案，该燃气收集装置设置于该隧道窑的窑头以及该隧道窑的中部。As an optional technical solution, the gas collecting device is arranged at the kiln head of the tunnel kiln and the middle part of the tunnel kiln.
作为可选的技术方案，该窑头封闭闸门以及该窑尾封闭闸门均为垂直升降保温密封门。As an optional technical solution, the closed gate of the kiln head and the closed gate of the kiln tail are both vertical lift and heat preservation sealed doors.
作为可选的技术方案，该轨道外侧固定设置有传感器，该传感器和该液压步进机之间设置有控制电路。As an optional technical solution, a sensor is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the track, and a control circuit is arranged between the sensor and the hydraulic stepper.
与现有技术相比，本发明利用液压步进机推动窑车在隧道窑内的轨道上移动，以及燃气收集装置设置，可实现生产工艺的连续性，减少了物料的转运操作，工艺环节减少，解决了土窑工人劳动强大，机制木炭碳化质量难以控制，燃气难利用等难题，不仅可以烧制中低碳，也可以烧制高温碳，出碳速度快，省人工，木炭质量容易控制，出炭率高，而且炭化过程中产生的燃气可以引入锅炉或热风炉中加以利用产生蒸汽或热风，不仅彻底解决了烧制木炭烟气污染问题，而且充分利用碳化过程的燃气产生额外收益。Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses a hydraulic stepping machine to push the kiln car to move on the track in the tunnel kiln, and the gas collection device is installed, which can realize the continuity of the production process, reduce the transfer operation of materials, and reduce the number of process links , to solve the problems of strong labor of earth kiln workers, difficulty in controlling the carbonization quality of mechanism charcoal, and difficulty in using gas. It can not only fire medium and low carbon, but also high-temperature carbon. The charcoal yield is high, and the gas generated during the carbonization process can be introduced into a boiler or hot blast stove to generate steam or hot air, which not only completely solves the problem of charcoal smoke pollution, but also makes full use of the gas in the carbonization process to generate additional benefits.
关于本发明的优点与精神可以藉由以下的发明详述及所附图式得到进一步的了解。The advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood through the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为根据本发明的隧道窑连续碳化炉的示意图；Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace according to the present invention;
图2所示为根据本发明的隧道窑连续碳化炉的剖面示意图；Fig. 2 shows the schematic sectional view of the tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace according to the present invention;
图3所示为根据本发明的窑车的示意图。Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a kiln car according to the invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
请参见图1-图3，图1所示为根据本发明的隧道窑连续碳化炉的示意图；图2所示为根据本发明的隧道窑连续碳化炉的剖面示意图；图3所示为根据本发明的窑车的示意图。本发明提供一种隧道窑连续碳化炉，该隧道窑连续碳化炉包括窑车1、隧道窑2、液压步进机3、燃气收集装置4、温度测量装置以及控制装置。其中，较佳地，隧道窑2采用耐火砖砌筑而成，而窑车1则采用不锈钢槽钢制作形成。温度测量装置设置于隧道窑窑内，用以检测隧道窑窑内温度。其中本实施方式中，温度测量装置包括设置于隧道窑2中的复数个温度热电偶，用以检测隧道窑窑内温度，该复数个温度热电偶沿物料输送方向间隔第一距离设置，如此即能够实现对整个隧道窑2窑内温度的检测。而控制装置则与温度测量装置以及液压步进机3连接。Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram according to the tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace of the present invention; Fig. 2 shows the sectional schematic diagram according to the tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace of the present invention; Schematic diagram of the invented kiln car. The invention provides a tunnel kiln continuous carbonization furnace, which comprises a kiln car 1, a tunnel kiln 2, a hydraulic stepper 3, a gas collection device 4, a temperature measuring device and a control device. Among them, preferably, the tunnel kiln 2 is built with refractory bricks, and the kiln car 1 is made of stainless steel channel steel. The temperature measuring device is arranged in the tunnel kiln to detect the temperature in the tunnel kiln. Wherein in this embodiment, the temperature measuring device includes a plurality of temperature thermocouples arranged in the tunnel kiln 2 to detect the temperature in the tunnel kiln, and the plurality of temperature thermocouples are arranged at intervals of a first distance along the material conveying direction, so that It can realize the detection of the temperature in the whole tunnel kiln 2 kiln. The control device is then connected with the temperature measuring device and the hydraulic stepper 3 .
窑车1上具有护栏11，且在窑车1的底部12安装有滚轮13，窑车1用以输送物料至隧道窑内进行碳化处理。隧道窑2的窑头21进口处设置有窑头封闭闸门22，该隧道窑2的窑尾23出口处设置有窑尾封闭闸门24，且该隧道窑2内设置有供该窑车1移动的轨道25。The kiln car 1 has a guardrail 11, and a roller 13 is installed on the bottom 12 of the kiln car 1. The kiln car 1 is used to transport materials to the tunnel kiln for carbonization. The kiln head 21 entrance of the tunnel kiln 2 is provided with a kiln head closed gate 22, and the kiln tail 23 exit of the tunnel kiln 2 is provided with a kiln tail closed gate 24, and the tunnel kiln 2 is provided with a door for the kiln car 1 to move. Track 25.
液压步进机3与窑车1连接，并推动该窑车1于该隧道窑2内沿轨道25移动。具体的，窑车1上例如装有底部碰块，窑车1通过底部碰块与液压步进机3的推杆接触实现连接，由液压步进机3按照工艺时间推动该窑车1在隧道窑2内实现工序步进。当然本发明亦并不以此为限，另一实施方式中，液压步进机与窑车亦可采用卡接的方式配合实现驱动。The hydraulic stepper 3 is connected with the kiln car 1 and pushes the kiln car 1 to move along the track 25 in the tunnel kiln 2 . Specifically, for example, the kiln car 1 is equipped with a bottom bumper, and the kiln car 1 is connected with the push rod of the hydraulic stepper 3 through the bottom bumper, and the hydraulic stepper 3 pushes the kiln car 1 in the tunnel according to the process time. Process steps are realized in the kiln 2. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the hydraulic stepper and the kiln car can also be driven in a clamping manner.
燃气收集装置4包括燃气排出管41、燃气收集管道42以及燃气输送管道43。燃气收集管道42以及燃气输送管道43均设置于隧道窑2的外部，燃气排出管41贯穿隧道窑2的壁体26通过开关阀44与燃气收集管道42连接，且燃气收集管道42的一端421水封，亦即燃气收集管道的一端421会伸入水封装置6的液面下方，燃气输送管道43连接燃气收集管道42的另一端422。而且，请参见图1，燃气排出管41为多根，且较佳地，燃气收集装置4设置于该隧道窑2的窑头21以及该隧道窑2的中部，那么燃气排出管41亦是设置于隧道窑的窑头和中部为佳。The gas collection device 4 includes a gas discharge pipe 41 , a gas collection pipe 42 and a gas delivery pipe 43 . The gas collection pipeline 42 and the gas delivery pipeline 43 are all arranged outside the tunnel kiln 2, the gas discharge pipe 41 runs through the wall body 26 of the tunnel kiln 2 and is connected with the gas collection pipeline 42 through the switch valve 44, and one end 421 of the gas collection pipeline 42 is Seal, that is, one end 421 of the gas collection pipe will extend below the liquid level of the water seal device 6, and the gas delivery pipe 43 is connected to the other end 422 of the gas collection pipe 42. And, referring to Fig. 1, there are many gas discharge pipes 41, and preferably, the gas collecting device 4 is arranged on the kiln head 21 of the tunnel kiln 2 and the middle part of the tunnel kiln 2, so the gas discharge pipe 41 is also provided It is better for the kiln head and the middle part of the tunnel kiln.
因此，物料在碳化过程中产生的燃气会经由燃气排出管41进入燃气收集管道42，燃气输送管道43则用以将所有燃气收集管道42内的燃气输送至锅炉或热风炉中加以利用产生蒸汽或热风，不仅彻底解决了烧制木炭烟气污染问题，而且充分利用碳化过程的燃气产生额外收益。Therefore, the gas generated during the carbonization process of the material will enter the gas collection pipe 42 through the gas discharge pipe 41, and the gas delivery pipe 43 is used to transport all the gas in the gas collection pipe 42 to the boiler or hot blast stove for use to generate steam or Hot air not only completely solves the problem of smoke pollution from burning charcoal, but also makes full use of the gas in the carbonization process to generate additional income.
另外，本发明中，还设置有行吊装置5，行吊装置5用以对窑车1进行移动以及就位处理，具体的例如，当窑车1要进入隧道窑2时，可以利用行吊装置5将窑车1行吊至工位；又或者，当窑车从隧道窑窑尾出口出来后，亦可利用行吊装置5将其行吊至合适位置等等。In addition, in the present invention, a row hanging device 5 is also provided, and the row crane device 5 is used to move and position the kiln car 1. Specifically, for example, when the kiln car 1 is about to enter the tunnel kiln 2, the row crane can be used to The device 5 hoists the kiln car 1 row to the station; or, after the kiln car comes out of the tunnel kiln tail exit, it can also be hoisted to a suitable position by the row hoisting device 5 and so on.
另外，窑头封闭闸门22以及该窑尾封闭闸门24均为垂直升降保温密封门，In addition, the closed gate 22 of the kiln head and the closed gate 24 of the kiln tail are both vertical lift and heat preservation sealed doors.
可进行升降式操作，例如由升降电机驱动。Elevating operation is possible, e.g. driven by an elevating motor.
再者，轨道25外侧还可固定设置有传感器，该传感器和该液压步进机3之间设置有控制电路，该控制电路色设置于控制装置中。由此可以准确判断窑车在轨道25上的具体位置以及是否正常运行。Furthermore, a sensor can also be fixedly arranged on the outside of the track 25, and a control circuit is arranged between the sensor and the hydraulic stepper 3, and the control circuit is arranged in the control device. Thereby, the specific position of the kiln car on the track 25 and whether it is running normally can be accurately judged.
综上所述，本发明利用液压步进机推动窑车在隧道窑内的轨道上移动，以及燃气收集装置设置，可实现生产工艺的连续性，减少了物料的转运操作，工艺环节减少，解决了土窑工人劳动强大，机制木炭碳化质量难以控制，燃气难利用等难题，不仅可以烧制中低碳，也可以烧制高温碳，出碳速度快，省人工，木炭质量容易控制，出炭率高，而且炭化过程中产生的燃气可以引入锅炉或热风炉中加以利用产生蒸汽或热风，不仅彻底解决了烧制木炭烟气污染问题，而且充分利用碳化过程的燃气产生额外收益。In summary, the present invention utilizes a hydraulic stepping machine to drive the kiln car to move on the track in the tunnel kiln, and the gas collection device is set up, which can realize the continuity of the production process, reduce the transfer operation of materials, reduce the number of process links, and solve the problem of The earth kiln workers have strong labor force, the carbonization quality of mechanism charcoal is difficult to control, and the gas is difficult to use. It can not only fire medium and low carbon, but also high-temperature carbon. The efficiency is high, and the gas generated during the carbonization process can be introduced into the boiler or hot blast stove for use to generate steam or hot air, which not only completely solves the problem of smoke pollution from burning charcoal, but also makes full use of the gas generated during the carbonization process to generate additional benefits.
藉由以上较佳具体实施例的详述，是希望能更加清楚描述本发明的特征与精神，而并非以上述所揭露的较佳具体实施例来对本发明的保护范围加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能涵盖各种改变及具相等性的安排于本发明所欲申请的权利要求的保护范围内。因此，本发明所申请的权利要求的保护范围应该根据上述的说明作最宽广的解释，以致使其涵盖所有可能的改变以及具相等性的安排。Through the above detailed description of the preferred embodiments, it is hoped that the characteristics and spirit of the present invention can be described more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the preferred embodiments disclosed above. On the contrary, the intention is to cover various changes and equivalent arrangements within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the claims applied for in the present invention should be interpreted in the broadest way based on the above description, so as to cover all possible changes and equivalent arrangements.
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| CN114381283A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-22 | 李观德 | A kind of multi-layer tunnel type carbonization pyrolysis furnace and carbonization method |
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