CN108727781A - A kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy resin combination and preparation method thereof being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy resin combination and preparation method thereof being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
- C08G59/504—Amines containing an atom other than nitrogen belonging to the amine group, carbon and hydrogen
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high glass transition temperatures being used to prepare carbon fiber prepreg, high-toughness epoxy resin combination and preparation method thereof.Composition epoxy resin of the present invention is made of following four component：Component A：Multiple functionality epoxide resin.B component：Solid bisphenol A epoxy resin.Component C：Highly cross-linked epoxide resin microballoon.D components：Solid aromatic amine hardener.The preparation method of the composition of four components and epoxy composite is described in detail below.Component A is multiple functionality epoxide resin, such as para aminophenol three glycidyl epoxy resin, 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl group epoxy resin, 3,3 '-diethyl -4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl group epoxy resin etc., multiple functionality epoxide resin proportion in epoxy component is at least 60%, and if its dosage is less than 60%, the glass transition temperature of the solidfied material of the epoxy resin of gained is not achieved 240 DEG C or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high glass transition temperature being used to prepare carbon fiber prepreg, high-toughness epoxy resin combination and
Preparation method, especially suitable hot melt prepare the high glass transition temperature of carbon fiber prepreg, high-toughness epoxy resin combination.
Background technology
In recent years, carbon fiber enhancement resin base composite material was widely used in because of the advantages that its high specific strength, high ratio modulus
The sports apparatus such as the structural material of aircraft and automobile, tennis racket, golf club and other industrial fields.Above-mentioned carbon fiber increases
70% or more strong composite material is repeatedly cured using prepreg paving, the prepreg be impregnated in reinforcing fiber it is uncured
Thermosetting resin sheet intermediate as made of the matrix resins such as epoxy resin, phenolic resin, maleimide resin,
In, epoxy resin is to prepare the most widely used matrix resin of prepreg.
The preparation method of prepreg has dry and wet, for comparing wet method, dry method（That is hot melt）It is waved due to not using
Hair property solvent, with many environmental pollutions are small, production efficiency is high, the control accuracy higher of resin content, volatile matter in prepreg
Content is low and Compound Material Engineering and the advantages that more preferable wet-hot aging performance.Therefore hot melt is current preparation high-performance carbon fiber
The mainstream development direction of dimension enhancing composite material.Hot melt is high for the equipment requirement for preparing prepreg, and for being used as glue
The matrix resin of film has very strict requirement, the processing performance of matrix resin（Storage period, viscosity, process window etc.）Control
It is extremely important.If resin viscosity is too low, it is easy to form buildup of resin and poor glue, it is difficult to obtain uniform glued membrane；And viscosity is excessively high,
It is difficult not only the danger for being impregnated with fiber completely, but also having cruelly poly- to need higher dipping temperature, resin.
Heat resistance and toughness are to determine the important performance of carbon fiber resin matrix composite application, and to evaluate its performance excellent
Bad important evidence.The heat resistance and toughness of composite material are largely determined by used matrix resin.Due to epoxy
Resin solidification post-crosslinking density is high, and for solidfied material there is poor toughness, thus the disadvantages such as endurance and impact strength are low lead to fibre
The post-impact compression of dimension enhancing composite material is relatively low, therefore carries out toughening modifying to epoxy resin, increases so as to improve fiber
The performance of strong composite material is very important.High heat-resisting, high tenacity carbon fiber epoxy composite all uses thermoplasticity at present
Resin toughening technology, the glass transition temperature of material is generally at 220 DEG C or less.This is mainly determined by the heat resistance of thermoplastic resin
's.Because in order to obtain good toughening effect, toughened system is required for being formed two-arch tunnel structure, and widely used thermoplasticity
Resin such as polyether sulfone（PES）Glass transition temperature at 220 DEG C or so.
It is therefore necessary to provide a kind of heat resistance higher, i.e., after epoxy resin cure, solidfied material has higher vitrifying
Temperature, and solidfied material has both good toughness, endurance and the high material of impact strength meet actual use demand.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-strength and high ductility rings being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg
There is good craftsmanship, solidfied material to have the advantages that high glass transition temperature, high tenacity for epoxy resin composition, the composition,
While so that resin matrix is kept high tenacity, glass transition temperature reaches 240 DEG C or more, multiple to increase substantially carbon fiber epoxy
The heat resistance of condensation material.Carbon fibre composite prepared therefrom has high-impact energy, high strength, excellent heat-resisting
Property the features such as, be suitable for manufacture Flight Vehicle Structure part, composite material bicycle part（Such as bicycle wheel rim）Etc. military projects and civilian work
Industry field.Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation methods of the composition epoxy resin.
Composition epoxy resin of the present invention is made of following four component：
Component A：Multiple functionality epoxide resin;
B component：Solid bisphenol A epoxy resin;
Component C：Highly cross-linked epoxide resin microballoon;
D components：Solid aromatic amine hardener.
The preparation method of the composition of four components and epoxy composite is described in detail below.
Component A is multiple functionality epoxide resin, such as para aminophenol three glycidyl epoxy resin, 4,4 '-diaminos
Base diphenyl-methane four glycidyl group epoxy resin, 3,3 '-diethyl -4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl group ring
Oxygen resin etc., multiple functionality epoxide resin proportion in epoxy component are at least 60%, if its dosage is less than 60%, gained
To the glass transition temperature of solidfied material of epoxy resin be not achieved 240 DEG C or more.
B component solid bisphenol A epoxy resin, epoxide number is between 0.1-0.2.Solid bisphenol A epoxy resin is in epoxy
Proportion is at least 20% in component, and otherwise the viscosity at ambient temperature of system is too low, is unable to get the moderate prepreg of viscosity.
C components are highly cross-linked epoxide resin microballoon, and specific preparation method such as document is reported（Polymer, 143（9）,
145-154,2018）.The grain size of microballoon is 3-10 microns, and 200 ~ 210 DEG C or so of glass transition temperature, surface contains active parahelium
Base.Epoxide resin microballoon main function is the toughness for improving resin, and the dosage of microballoon is epoxy resin ingredient dosage（Weight）'s
3%-10%.Microballoon dosage is excessive or very few, and toughening effect is deteriorated.
Although the glass transition temperature of microballoon only have about 200 DEG C, due to its be used as dispersed phase, and dosage it is less just have well
Toughening effect, therefore the glass transition temperature of system will not be reduced, on the contrary since surface contains active secondary amino group, ring can be promoted
Oxygen resin solidification can also improve the composition epoxy resin being grouped as by component A, B component, component C and D groups to a certain extent
Glass transition temperature.
D groups are divided into solid aromatic amine class curing agent, such as 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone,
4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ethers, m-phenylene diamine (MPD) etc..Solid aromatic amine hardener has height after capable of making epoxy resin composition
Glass transition temperature, while composition can be made to have suitable curing rate, prepreg is prepared to be suitable for hot melt, and
Obtained prepreg has enough storage stabilities.The dosage of aromatic amine curing agent be by active hydrogen in aromatic amine curing agent with
0.8 ~ 1.2 times of the stoichiometric ratio meter of total epoxy group in the epoxy based mixtures of component A and B component composition.
The preparation method of composition epoxy resin of the present invention carries out in the steps below：
（1）It after component A is mixed with component B, is dissolved by heating in 100 ~ 150 DEG C of temperature, obtains the mixture of clear homogeneous.
（2）The epoxy resin composition obtained in step 1 and C components, D components are stirred in homogenizer,
Ranging from 60 ~ 100 DEG C of whipping temp, mixing speed are 1000 ~ 3000 r/min, keep component C and D components equal in the epoxy
Even dispersion.By above method prepare composition epoxy resin in D components, that is, solid curing agent fully it is evenly dispersed without
It is dissolved in epoxy resin, therefore composition Storage period with the long period at -18 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and is conducive to control
The viscosity of composition processed.
The present invention has the following advantages：（1）Prepared composition epoxy resin has high glass after hot setting
Change temperature, high tenacity；（2）Prepared composition epoxy resin has very good processing performance, by adjusting each component
Ratio adjusts viscosity in wide range, and composition has the Storage period of long period at room temperature.The epoxy resin group
It closes object and is suitble to wet-dry change, especially dry method（Hot melt）Fibre reinforced composites prepreg is prepared, using it as matrix resin
The carbon fibre reinforced composite of preparation has excellent heat resistance energy, impact resistance.
Specific implementation mode
It is further illustrated the present invention below by specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
By 100g 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl groups epoxy resin, the solid bisphenol A that 40g epoxide numbers are 0.2
Epoxy resin mixes, and the stirring and dissolving at 120 DEG C obtains the mixture of clear homogeneous.Then, by above-mentioned epoxy resin with
4.2g, grain size are 6 microns, high-crosslinking-degree epoxide resin microballoon, 65g curing agent 4,4 '-diamino of the glass transition temperature for 205 DEG C
Base diphenyl sulphone (DPS) is stirred in homogenizer, and whipping temp is 100 DEG C, and mixing speed is 3000 r/min, makes curing agent
It is evenly dispersed in the epoxy with epoxide resin microballoon, it obtains inventing the composition epoxy resin.
The composition epoxy resin of above-mentioned preparation is stirred at 120 DEG C until curing agent is completely dissolved.Take a small amount of epoxy
Resin combination, using rotational rheometer test its heat up rheological property, viscosity change such as table 1, other composition vacuum defoamations,
It is cast in tetrafluoro mold.Mold is placed in baking oven at 150 DEG C and is cured 1 hour, is then cured 3 hours at 180 DEG C.Gu
It is slowly cooled to room temperature after change, epoxy resin cured product is obtained after demoulding.The glass transition temperature of solidfied material（Using Dynamic Thermal
Mechanical analysis（DMA）Test）And impact property is shown in Table 2.
Rheological property and Solidified enzyme test method are as follows：
Rheometer test uses the TAAR-2000 rheometers of Malvern companies, is tested in air environment, Range of measuring temp 60-
200 DEG C, heating rate is 4 DEG C/min, 1.5 s of shear rate-1。
It is double cantilever beam pattern that DMA, which uses the Q-800 type Instrument measurings of TA companies of the U.S., test pattern,.In air conditions
Lower test, 50-300 DEG C of Range of measuring temp, heating rate are 5 DEG C/min, and test frequency is 1.0 Hz, and sample size is
35mm×12mm×2.5mm.Loss angle tangent（tanδ）The corresponding temperature of peak value is denoted as solidfied material glass transition temperature
Impact strength carries out non-notch punching using the JC-25 impact tester for simple supported beam of Chengde microtest machine Co., Ltd production
Experiment is hit, batten size is 80mm × 10mm × 4mm.
Embodiment 2
By 100g 4,4 '-para aminophenol three glycidyl epoxy resins, the solid bisphenol A epoxy that 40g epoxide numbers are 0.2
Resin mixes, and the stirring and dissolving at 100 DEG C obtains the mixture of clear homogeneous.Then, by above-mentioned epoxy resin and 14g, grain size
It it is 6 microns, high-crosslinking-degree epoxide resin microballoon that glass transition temperature is 205 DEG C, 80g curing agent 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone exists
It is stirred in homogenizer, whipping temp is 60 DEG C, and mixing speed is 2000 r/min, keeps curing agent and epoxy resin micro-
Ball is evenly dispersed in the epoxy, obtains inventing the composition epoxy resin.
The composition epoxy resin of above-mentioned preparation is stirred at 120 DEG C until curing agent be completely dissolved to obtain it is transparent molten
Liquid.Its rheological property that heats up of partially transparent solution testing, viscosity change such as table 1, other clear solution vacuum defoamations is taken to be cast in
In tetrafluoro mold.Mold is placed in baking oven at 150 DEG C and is cured 2 hours, is then cured 3 hours at 180 DEG C.Solidification terminates
After be slowly cooled to room temperature, epoxy resin cured product is obtained after demoulding.The glass transition temperature and impact property of solidfied material are shown in Table 2.
Rheological property and Solidified enzyme test method such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
By 100g 4,4 '-para aminophenol three glycidyl epoxy resins, the solid bisphenol A epoxy that 25g epoxide numbers are 0.1
Resin mixes, and dissolving is stirred at 120 DEG C, obtains the mixture of clear homogeneous.Then, by above-mentioned epoxy resin and 7.5g
Homemade, grain size is 6 microns, epoxide resin microballoon, 70g curing agent 4,4 '-diamino hexichol of the glass transition temperature for 205 DEG C
Sulfone is stirred in homogenizer, and whipping temp is 80 DEG C, and mixing speed is 3000 r/min, makes curing agent and asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Lipid microspheres are evenly dispersed in the epoxy, obtain inventing the composition epoxy resin.
The composition epoxy resin of above-mentioned preparation is stirred at 120 DEG C until curing agent be completely dissolved to obtain it is transparent molten
Liquid.Its rheological property that heats up of partially transparent solution testing, viscosity change such as table 1, other clear solution vacuum defoamations is taken to be cast in
In tetrafluoro mold.Mold is placed in baking oven at 150 DEG C and is cured 1 hour, is then cured 3 hours at 180 DEG C.Solidification terminates
After be slowly cooled to room temperature, the smooth solidfied material in red, transparent, surface is obtained after break away from moulds.The stretching of solidfied material, bending and
Impact property is shown in Table 2.
Rheological property and Solidified enzyme test method such as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
By 100g 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl groups epoxy resin, the solid bisphenol A that 25g epoxide numbers are 0.1
Epoxy resin mixes, and the stirring and dissolving at 150 DEG C obtains the mixture of clear homogeneous.Then, by above-mentioned epoxy resin with
7.5g, grain size be 6 microns, glass transition temperature be 205 DEG C epoxide resin microballoon, 60g curing agent 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone
It is stirred in homogenizer, whipping temp is 100 DEG C, and mixing speed is 3000 r/min, makes curing agent and asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Lipid microspheres are evenly dispersed in the epoxy, obtain inventing the composition epoxy resin.
The composition epoxy resin of above-mentioned preparation is stirred at 120 DEG C until curing agent is completely dissolved.Part is taken to combine
Its rheological property that heats up of object, viscosity change such as table 1, other composition vacuum defoamations are cast in tetrafluoro mold.Mold is placed in
Cure at 150 DEG C in baking oven 2 hours, then cures 2 hours at 180 DEG C.It is slowly cooled to room temperature, demoulds after solidification
After obtain epoxy resin cured product.The glass transition temperature and impact property of solidfied material are shown in Table 2.
Rheological property and Solidified enzyme test method such as embodiment 1.
The viscosity of 1 embodiment 1-4 composition epoxy resins of table（cp）Variation with temperature
| Embodiment | 70oC | 90oC | 110oC | 130oC | 150oC |
| Embodiment 1 | 3210 | 314.6 | 38.65 | 6.36 | 2.17 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1556 | 148.4 | 17.23 | 3.56 | 1.08 |
| Embodiment 3 | 2120 | 181.5 | 23.01 | 4.80 | 0.96 |
| Embodiment 4 | 956.7 | 92.34 | 8.43 | 3.12 | 0.45 |
2 embodiment 1-4 epoxy resin composition object glass transition temperatures of table and impact strength
| Embodiment | Glass transition temperature（℃） | Impact strength (KJ/m2) |
| Embodiment 1 | 242.3 | 25.52±3.25 |
| Embodiment 2 | 240.5 | 30.45±2.16 |
| Embodiment 3 | 247.8 | 32.14±2.70 |
| Embodiment 4 | 250.6 | 33.26±3.57 |
There is high glass transition temperature after the epoxy resin composition that the data of table 2 can be seen that the present invention, has simultaneously
Excellent toughness.And the composition epoxy resin that can be seen that the present invention from the viscosity data of table 1 is suitable for dry process and prepares
Carbon fiber prepreg.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy resin combination being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg, it is characterised in that
The composition epoxy resin includes following component：
Component A：Multiple functionality epoxide resin；
B component：Solid bisphenol A epoxy resin；
Component C：High-crosslinking-degree epoxide resin microballoon；
D components：Solid aromatic amine hardener.
2. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 1
Oil/fat composition, it is characterised in that the component A is multiple functionality epoxide resin, and multiple functionality epoxide resin is para-aminophenol
Three-glycidyl base epoxy, in 4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane four glycidyl group epoxy resin any one or it is more
Kind.
3. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 1
Oil/fat composition, feature are 0.1-0.2 in the epoxide number of the solid bisphenol A epoxy resin.
4. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 1
Oil/fat composition, it is characterised in that component A mass ratio is in the epoxy resin ingredient of component A and the mass percent of B component composition
60% ~ 80%, remaining is B component.
5. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 1
Oil/fat composition, it is characterised in that the component C is high-crosslinking-degree epoxide resin microballoon, and dosage is that component A and B component form
Epoxy resin ingredient quality 3 ~ 10%.
6. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 1
Oil/fat composition, it is characterised in that D components are solid aromatic amine hardener, and solid aromatic amine hardener is 4,4 '-diamino hexichol
Methane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, any one or more in 4,4 '-diaminodiphenyl ethers, m-phenylene diamine (MPD).
7. a kind of high-strength high-toughness epoxy tree being used to prepare carbon fibre reinforced composite prepreg according to claim 6
The dosage of oil/fat composition, aromatic amine curing agent is the epoxy group formed by active hydrogen in aromatic amine curing agent and component A and B component
0.8 ~ 1.2 times of the stoichiometric ratio meter of total epoxy group in mixture.
8. the preparation method of composition epoxy resin described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
（1）Component A is mixed with B component, heating stirring dissolves to obtain the mixture of clear homogeneous；
（2）Component C and D are added to step（1）It is mixed through high-speed stirred dispersion machine at 50 ~ 100 DEG C in obtained mixture
It closes, obtains composition epoxy resin.
9. the preparation method of composition epoxy resin according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
The resin combination has at -18 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C compared with long pot life, can be used as fibre reinforced composites resin
Matrix prepares prepreg suitable for dry or wet.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114230973A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-25 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Epoxy resin composition for OOA process and preparation method of composite material thereof |
| CN116162225A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-26 | 华东理工大学 | Epoxy resin material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20181102 |