CN108708851A - A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping system - Google Patents

A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108708851A
CN108708851A CN201810511416.8A CN201810511416A CN108708851A CN 108708851 A CN108708851 A CN 108708851A CN 201810511416 A CN201810511416 A CN 201810511416A CN 108708851 A CN108708851 A CN 108708851A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
rotor
multistage
overlength
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810511416.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙扬
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Application filed by Southwest Petroleum University filed Critical Southwest Petroleum University
Priority to CN201810511416.8A priority Critical patent/CN108708851A/en
Publication of CN108708851A publication Critical patent/CN108708851A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/10Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
    • F04C2/107Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member with helical teeth
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/128Adaptation of pump systems with down-hole electric drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C13/00Adaptations of machines or pumps for special use, e.g. for extremely high pressures
    • F04C13/001Pumps for particular liquids
    • F04C13/002Pumps for particular liquids for homogeneous viscous liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C13/00Adaptations of machines or pumps for special use, e.g. for extremely high pressures
    • F04C13/008Pumps for submersible use, i.e. down-hole pumping

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping systems, mainly by pedestal, energy-saving electric machine, clutch, bearing body part, Universal joint components, rotor, box cupling, stator, box cupling, limiting pup joint, sub-coupling and tail pipe composition.During extraction viscous crude, power is transmitted to Universal joint components by energy-saving electric machine lower part clutch, universal joint drives oil pumping pump rotor, rotor does eccentric motion in stator rubber bush inside, a series of closed chambers are formed along the overall length and stator liner of screw pump, when rotor rotates, lifting medium is moved from suction side to outlet side in an axial direction, pressure increases step by step, and discharge capacity remains unchanged.The screw pump system has multistage super-long structural, beyond normal draw ratio range, using the processing technology of special multistage Super Long-axles, compared to previous screw pump, torque and output power bigger have higher oil recovery effect to viscous crude, more times of viscous crude can be produced in same time, and system structure is simple, reliable operation.

Description

A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping system
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy crude heat extraction underground oil tool, more particularly to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pump System.
Background technology
Screw pump oil production system is the mechanical oil recovery equipment developed rapidly in recent years, in viscous crude and the producing well that shakes out The system just becomes the important way for substituting pumping production.Screw pump oil production technology is ripe day by day, on the one hand, large quantities of novel Screw pump is come out one after another, and screw pump and its corollary equipment workmanship are significantly improved, on the other hand, screw pump oil production skill Art and management level also have certain progress.How screw pump oil production technology and management level are further increased, it has also become both at home and abroad Each oil field question of common concern.
In recent years old filed continue to develop, crude output is play an important role at present, middle old filed crude oil production with Based on viscous crude.The raising of middle old filed heavy oil thermal recovery system efficiency has positive effect to the energy-saving of entire petroleum industry.
Middle old filed viscous crude production is concentrated mainly on domestic Daqing oil field, Yumen Oilfield etc., and viscous crude production difficulty is high, by In using dilute production is mixed, mixes dilute ratio and be not fixed, cause original viscosity change in the oil extraction system of shaft bottom larger, while Produced Liquid is aqueous Rate, flow, pressure and other parameters fluctuation are violent, cause down-hole pumping unit running efficiency of system relatively low.In order to improve down-hole pumping unit The efficiency of system reduces production run cost.Pass through old filed heavy oil thermal recovery system analysis on Operating model, centering in foundation The oil-extracting screw pump and its running efficiency of system of old filed heavy oil thermal recovery system correlation yard carry out network analysis, are solved to finding The low method of heavy oil thermal recovery system efficiency has very important significance.
The destruction of thick oil underground well molecular structure can be caused by being replaced using chemical flooding, while also result in pollution, mine water to environment Source can be affected;Using injection steam, need to consume a large amount of fuel, and steam body cannot reach for efficiency and suitably want It asks;Plural serial stage screw rod is needed using the screw pump of conventional short lead, underground is difficult to install, and the intensity of rotor can not obtain It improves, oil recovery efficiency cannot be improved.In order to meet the recovery ratio of old filed in major part, the few screw pump of existing series is The oil production method of huge discharge that is long-term, stablizing, large torque, big output power is not adapted to.
When the rotor of conventional screw pump oil production device rotates in stator, stator rubber is generated by periodic compression Friction makes stator occur heating up and fatigue.In the case where well temperature is relatively high, reconfiguring for rubber molecular chain is accelerated, is made Elasticity modulus reduces, and to reduce the intensity of binder on fatigue properties and metallic sheath and rubber faying face, also accelerates stator rubber The aging of glue and shorten its service life.Therefore, it is necessary to select the rotating speed of suitable pump.In general, it designs in recent years Ground drive oil-extracting screw pump, maximum speed is in 300r/min or so, and most common rotating speed is 50~200r/min.
For high well containing sand oil, abrasion is to limit the another key factor of revolution speed.In the case where denuding operating mode, stator rubber Wear extent and rotating speed it is square directly proportional.Therefore, in high well containing sand oil, screw pump should not run at high speed.
The above method all comes with some shortcomings and defect, to overcome these difficult points, this patent to develop a kind of multistage overlength Screw pump oil production system drives rotor using energy-saving electric machine, and rotor is the multistage super-long structural developed recently, and stator rubber is Wear-resistant, oil resistant, heat-resisting material, maximum speed can reach 350r/min, can greatly improve rate of oil production and efficiency, because of string It is less to join series, strengthens the intensity of rotor, is applicable in thermal recovery common heavy oil reservoir, High water cut heavy crude reservoir and super-viscous oil oil It hides.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system, from overall structure, a kind of heavy crude heat extraction Multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system, on the whole, mainly by pedestal, energy-saving electric machine, clutch, bearing body portion Part, Universal joint components, rotor, box cupling, stator, box cupling, limiting pup joint, sub-coupling, tail pipe composition.A kind of heavy crude heat extraction is multistage The energy-saving electric machine of overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system is fixed on the base, and energy-saving electric machine is threephase asynchronous, and extraction is thick During oil, power is transmitted to Universal joint components by energy-saving electric machine lower part clutch, and bearing body part is to lower part rod string string branch Support acts on, and power is transferred to oil pumping pump rotor by Universal joint components, and it is e's that rotor does eccentricity inside the rubber bushing of stator The rubber bushing of eccentric motion, screw rotor and stator is interference fit, ensures the pressure difference of upper and lower part, when rotor is in stator In rubber bushing when the difference of present position, their contact point is also different.When the rubber bushing that rotor section is located at stator is oval When shape section both ends, contact of the rotor with stator is semicircle camber line, and in other positions, only two-point contact.Due to rotor It is continuously engaged with stator, these contact points just constitute space sealing line, the shape in a helical pitch T of stator rubber bushing At a closed chamber, and along the overall length of screw pump, formed in stator rubber bushing inner helical surface and rotor surface a series of Closed chamber.When rod string drives rotor rotation, lifting medium just enters first chamber of suction side, with turning for rotor Dynamic, this chamber starts to close, and is moved in an axial direction to outlet side, and closed chamber disappears in outlet side, while in suction side shape The closed chamber of Cheng Xin.It due to the continuous formation of closed chamber, movement and disappears, lifting medium is made to pass through envelope one by one Closed chamber room is pressed against outlet side from suction side, and pressure constantly increases, and discharge capacity remains unchanged.Sub-coupling can be according to practical pumping Discharge capacity and speed during oil adjust outer diameter, and viscous crude or super-viscous oil enter along tail pipe inside screw pump.
A kind of helical pitch length of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system rotor is 180mm, fixed Sub- maximum outside diameter 114mm, internal diameter 88mm, length reach 6210mm, series 34, and rotor is more than since draw ratio is very big The range of normal draw ratio, needs the processing technology using special multistage Super Long-axles, since helical pitch is very big in oil recovery process, compares Previous short lead screw pump, torque and output power are also very big, either better to the extraction of viscous crude or super-viscous oil, can More times of viscous crude is produced in same time.
A kind of motor of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system using newest production section Energy motor, average power consumption are relatively low.
A kind of stator rubber of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system is antifriction, oil resistant and resistance to height Warm hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber material, makes the wear-resisting property between stator and rotor be improved, and is suitable for the higher viscous crude of bottom hole temperature (BHT) Exploitation, it is suitable to coordinate between rotor, meets complete machine and works long hours the requirement of performance.
A kind of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system maximum speed carries significantly up to 350r/min High rate of oil production and efficiency strengthen the intensity of rotor because not using cascade, especially suitable for middle and later periods old filed Thermal recovery common heavy oil reservoir is also applied for High water cut heavy crude reservoir and super-heavy oil deposit.
A kind of surface drive of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system has can automatic aligning Bearing with cross roller hollow roller bearing, bear pump axial load and rod string string radial load, belt need not be used With gear double reduction, can use replace belt wheel method speed governing, can also energy-saving adjusting motor rotational speed regulation, structure letter It is single, reliable operation.
A kind of box cupling of the screw rod pump portion of above-mentioned heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system, stator case Body, limiting pup joint, sub-coupling, tail pipe are threadedly coupled by down-hole oil tube, using N80 guiding principles grade/Oil pipe material, Tubing round thread button-type meets the regulation of API Spec Std 5B standards, and structure and intensity are reliable.When upper button, it would be desirable to tighten Screw thread coats 680 anaerobic sealers, until being screwed on pin thread at screw thread disappearance.
A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system has following excellent compared to oil extraction system at present Gesture:
1) rotor is the multistage super-long structural of recent development, and stator rubber is antifriction, oil resistant and heat-resisting material, highest Rotating speed reaches 350r/min or so, greatly improves rate of oil production and efficiency, does not use series system, strengthens the strong of rotor Degree, especially suitable for middle and later periods old filed thermal recovery common heavy oil reservoir, is also applied for High water cut heavy crude reservoir and super-heavy oil deposit.
2) during the work time, continuously sucking and the discharge of viscous crude medium is not easy sand card, will not generate gas lock system, The range of pumping is very wide, is not only applicable in high-viscosity oil, sandy crude etc., and suitable for oil field drain converted production well, completion formation testing with And the occasions such as coal bed gas field draining bleed.
3) this system is a kind of novel oil extraction system, and simple in structure, small, light-weight, easy maintenance is closed The theory of energy saving, price are relatively low.
Invention content
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production systems, this system is by down-hole multilevel overlength Single-screw (single screw) pump and surface drive two parts composition, the two, as axis connection is scratched, lead to well head power by reinforcement grade pumping rod The rotary motion for crossing sucker rod is transmitted to underground, drives pump work, simple in structure, small, light-weight, use and maintenance side Just, electric energy is saved, price is low, and the category that can pump liquid is wider, including high-viscosity oil, high wax content oil, sandy crude. Very superior performance is shown in oil extraction, is the oil production equipment of a new generation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system.
Fig. 2 is a kind of rotor matching chart of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system.
Drawing explanation:
1- pedestals, 2- energy-saving electric machines, 3- clutches, 4- bearing body parts, 5- Universal joint components, 6- rotors, 7- box cuplings, 8- Stator, 9- box cuplings, 10- limiting pup joints, 11- sub-couplings, 12- tail pipes.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below, but is not limited to the present invention.
In conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is further described with case study on implementation.
The structure composition and workflow of a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system of the present invention Journey:
A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system, it is on the whole, energy saving mainly by pedestal 1 Motor 2, clutch 3, bearing body part 4, Universal joint components 5, rotor 6, box cupling 7, stator 8, box cupling 9, limiting pup joint 10, reducing Box cupling 11 and tail pipe 12 form.A kind of energy-saving electric machine 2 of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system is fixed on bottom On seat 1, energy-saving electric machine 2 is threephase asynchronous, and during extraction viscous crude, power is transmitted to by 2 lower part clutch 3 of energy-saving electric machine Universal joint components 5, bearing body part 4 play a supporting role to lower part rod string string, and power is transferred to pumping by Universal joint components 5 Oil Pump rotor 6, rotor 6 do the eccentric motion that eccentricity is e, the rubber of screw rotor 6 and stator 8 in the rubber bushing of stator 8 Glue bushing is interference fit, ensures top and the bottom pressure difference, when rubber bushing present position difference of the rotor 6 in stator 8, they Contact point is also different, when 6 section of rotor is located at the rubber bushing oblong section both ends of stator 8, the contact of rotor 6 and stator 8 For semicircle camber line, and in other positions, only two-point contact.Since rotor 6 and stator 8 continuously engage, these contacts Point just constitutes space sealing line, and a closed chamber is formed in a helical pitch T of 8 rubber bushing of stator.In this way, along spiral shell The overall length of bar pump, forms a series of closed chambers, as shown in Figure 2 in the rubber bushing inner helical surface of stator 8 and 6 surface of rotor. When rod string drives rotor 6 to rotate, lifting medium just enters another chamber, and with the rotation of rotor 6, this chamber is opened Begin to close, and moved in an axial direction to outlet side, closed chamber disappears in outlet side, while forming new closing chamber in suction side Room.It due to the continuous formation of closed chamber, movement and disappears, so that lifting medium is passed through closed chamber one by one, from suction Enter end and be pressed against outlet side, pressure constantly increases, and discharge capacity remains unchanged.Sub-coupling 11 can be according in practical oil pumping process Discharge capacity and speed adjust outer diameter, viscous crude or super-viscous oil and enter inside screw pump along tail pipe 12.

Claims (9)

1. the present invention relates to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping systems, from overall structure, mainly the bottom of by Seat 1, energy-saving electric machine (2), clutch (3), bearing body part (4), Universal joint components (5), rotor (6), box cupling (7), stator (8), box cupling (9), limit short circuit (10), sub-coupling (11), tail pipe (12) form, during extraction viscous crude, under energy-saving electric machine Power is transmitted to Universal joint components (5) by portion's clutch (3), and when rod string drives rotor (6) to rotate, lifting medium just enters Another chamber, with the rotation of rotor (6), this chamber starts to close, and axially outlet side moves, and closed chamber exists Outlet side disappears, while new closed chamber is formed in suction side, and from suction side to outlet side, pressure medium constantly increases, row Amount remains unchanged.
2. being the helical pitch of rotor according to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1 Length is 180mm, stator (8) maximum outside diameter 114mm, internal diameter 88mm, and length reaches 6210mm, and series 34 belongs to multistage super Long bolt pump configuration has been more than the range of normal draw ratio since draw ratio is very big, belongs to the processing of elongated shaft.
3. according to a kind of rotor (6) of the heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system of claims 1 and 2 and Stator (8) compares previous short lead spiral shell using the processing technology of special multistage Super Long-axles since helical pitch is very big in oil recovery process Bar pumps, torque and output bigger, either better to the extraction of viscous crude or super-viscous oil, and more times can be produced in same time Viscous crude.
4. according to a kind of rubber of the stator (8) of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1 Glue is antifriction, oil resistant and high temperature resistant hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber material, and the wear-resisting property between rotor (6), stator (8) is made to be changed It is kind, it is suitable for the exploitation of the higher heavy oil wells of bottom hole temperature (BHT), the cooperation between rotor is suitable, meets the long-time work of complete machine Make.
5. it is few according to a kind of moving component of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1, There is no valve member and complicated water runner, hydraulic loss is small, and medium is continuously sucked and is discharged, and the range that it pumps liquid is very wide, including height The extraction of viscous oil, sandy crude and super-viscous oil, reliable working performance.
6. being most newborn according to a kind of motor of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1 The energy-saving electric machine (2) of production, average power consumption is relatively low.
7. being reached according to a kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system maximum speed described in claims 1 300r/min or so greatly improves rate of oil production and efficiency, because series connection series is less, strengthens rotor (6) and stator (8) Intensity, particularly suitable and middle and later periods old filed thermal recovery common heavy oil reservoir are also applied for High water cut heavy crude reservoir and super-viscous oil oil It hides.
8. according to a kind of surface drive of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1 Bearing body part (4) have can automatic aligning bearing with cross roller hollow roller bearing, bear pump axial load and rod string The radial load of string need not use belt and gear double reduction, can use the method speed governing for replacing belt wheel, can also adjust The rotating speed of energy-saving electric machine (2) is adjusted, and system structure is simple, reliable operation.
9. according to a kind of screw rod pump portion of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength oil-submersible screw-pump oil production system described in claims 1 Stator (8), box cupling (9), limiting pup joint (10), sub-coupling (11), tail pipe (12) are threadedly coupled by down-hole oil tube, are used N80 guiding principles grade/Oil pipe material, tubing round thread button-type meet API Spec Std 5B standards regulation, structure and intensity Reliably.
CN201810511416.8A 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping system Pending CN108708851A (en)

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CN201810511416.8A CN108708851A (en) 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 A kind of heavy crude heat extraction multistage overlength submersible screw pumping system

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109854218A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-06-07 盐城世宏石油装备有限公司 A kind of novel heavy crude heat extraction outfit
CN109973371A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-07-05 西南石油大学 Tandem double acting injection-extraction pump for high-water-cut oil-producing well

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2526554Y (en) * 2001-12-31 2002-12-18 袁志毅 Electric oil submersible screw pump
JP2014062535A (en) * 2012-09-24 2014-04-10 Furukawa Industrial Machinery Systems Co Ltd Uniaxial eccentric screw pump
CN103924947A (en) * 2014-04-02 2014-07-16 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Hollow submersible motor underlying screw pump oil extraction device
CN204754886U (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-11-11 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Submersible motor overhead directly drives formula screw pump oil production device
CN205955978U (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-02-15 玉田县科联实业有限公司 Whelk sucker -rod pumping dives

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2526554Y (en) * 2001-12-31 2002-12-18 袁志毅 Electric oil submersible screw pump
JP2014062535A (en) * 2012-09-24 2014-04-10 Furukawa Industrial Machinery Systems Co Ltd Uniaxial eccentric screw pump
CN103924947A (en) * 2014-04-02 2014-07-16 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Hollow submersible motor underlying screw pump oil extraction device
CN204754886U (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-11-11 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Submersible motor overhead directly drives formula screw pump oil production device
CN205955978U (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-02-15 玉田县科联实业有限公司 Whelk sucker -rod pumping dives

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109854218A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-06-07 盐城世宏石油装备有限公司 A kind of novel heavy crude heat extraction outfit
CN109973371A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-07-05 西南石油大学 Tandem double acting injection-extraction pump for high-water-cut oil-producing well

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Application publication date: 20181026