CN1086914A

CN1086914A - Electronic flash relay

Info

Publication number: CN1086914A
Application number: CN 93117424
Authority: CN
Inventors: 殷庆海
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-09-09
Filing date: 1993-09-09
Publication date: 1994-05-18

Abstract

The present invention program's application electric technology, it is little to adopt electronic component to form starting current, the high-performance electronic flashing relay that flashing rate is not influenced by mains voltage variations and institute's on-load size of current.Can be applicable to the LED signal lamp that working current is little and the flash of light needs of neon sign lamp, also can be applicable to traditional incandescent lamp signal lamp.Its circuit is skillfully constructed, three functions in a device top, and cost is low, easily manufactured to be the fabulous renewal product of traditional flashing relay.

Description

Electronic flash relay

The present invention program is about the improvement of electric signal system with flashing relay, is a kind of novel electronic flash relay technical scheme.Flashing relay is widely used in the electrical control signal loop, the DX-3 type flashing relay that flashing relay commonly used has the relay factory, Shanghai to produce, Fig. 1 is seen in its application, it in the frame of broken lines DX-3 type flashing relay, control K switch K9 when normal, 10 contacts are connected, isolating switch DL contact is opened, the DX-3 relay does not have negative supply and does not work, when isolating switch for some reason during automatic cutout, its DL contact is connected, negative supply is through combined floodgate contactor coil HC, the DL contact, green light LD, gauge tap KK9, deliver to flash of light bus (+) SM behind 10 contacts, DX-3 flashing relay coil just has, negative supply, because the direct current resistance of resistance R and relay K coil is arranged, the voltage that the two ends of green light LD are divided to is lower, and green light LD does not work.After flashing relay had positive and negative power supply, the relay K coil began excitation, and capacitor C is charged through R, delay time to the C both end voltage greater than the K operation voltage after, the K-1 contact is opened, the K-2 contact is connected, the K-2 contact makes (+) SM bus obtain positive supply after connecting, green light LD obtains normal working voltage and bright, and K-1 disconnects back K coil losing electricity, and capacitor C is to the K coil discharge, through delaying time after capacitor voltage at both ends is lower than the return voltage of K, the K-2 contact disconnects, and the K-1 contact is connected, and at this moment green light LD goes out again.(+) SM negative supply of getting back, the K excitation, so constantly circulation, green light is alternately bright, the flash of light of going out is bright.The expression of Blink green light is that isolating switch hinders automatic breaking for some reason, the staff can see the isolating switch that glistens bright green light and differentiate automatic breaking very easily, until staff's operation-control switch KK KK9,10 is disconnected, KK11,12 connects, at this moment (+) SM loses the negative electricity flashing relay and quits work, and green light LD obtains positive supply and bright when long.

The prior art flashing relay has three weak points, because the relay K operating power is bigger, only be suitable for traditional incandescent lamp signal lamp, the about 130mA of the working current of lamp, for present emerging LED signal lamp, the about 15mA of lamp working current, and neon sign lamp, the relay K in the about 3mA. flashing relay of lamp working current is not moved at all.Second weak point is in actual applications, a plurality of isolating switch breakings are arranged sometimes simultaneously, at this moment and between (+) SM and negative supply, have a plurality of green lights loop, much bigger when at this moment the voltage ratio that obtains of flashing relay dividing potential drop has only a green light, the flashing rate of flashing relay can be become, with what of lamp when green light is a lot, it is very high that flashing rate becomes, the light on and off of lamp are just not obvious, make the staff be difficult to judge the isolating switch of automatic breaking, lost the effect of flash of light.The 3rd weak point is that flashing rate can become with supply voltage is high and low.

The present invention program's purpose provides a kind of electronic flash relay that has improved, its action is very sensitive, the neon sign lamp of the LED signal lamp of 15mA and 3mA also can move, traditional 130mA signal lamp also can move, its flashing rate is fixed, be not subjected to the signal lamp loop what and become, do not become with mains voltage variations yet.

The total design of the present invention program is to adopt electronic technology to constitute the novel electron flashing relay, the utility model is to realize like this, in the enclosure, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, form by initiating element 1, time-delay element 2, waveform generator 3, control element 4, amplification driving element 5, power supply voltage drop element 6, lower as the flashing relay working power, be suitable for the operating voltage of electronic circuit, then power supply voltage drop element 6 can not wanted.

Initiating element 1 similar Fig. 1 is connected on positive supply and (+) SM glistens between little line line, normally make (+) SM little bus that glistens that positive potential be arranged through initiating element, when (connection of DL contact) connected in the signal lamp loop of being made, (+) SM glistens just has negative potential on the little bus, just action of initiating element 1, promptly the deactivation time-delay element 2.Time-delay element 2 is that time-delay element is returned in the snap action time-delay, and it returns 1/2nd flash periods of time-delay greater than flashing relay.Need time-delay element 2 to be because after the flashing relay action, its output contact is just positive supply and the little bus short circuit of (+) SM, thereby make controlled lamp bright, at this moment initiating element is just returned immediately by short circuit, flashing relay also returns, at this moment positive supply and (+) SM glisten, and the contact of short circuit disconnects again between little bus, starting element 1 moves again, that is to say, when flashing relay is worked, initiating element 1 is the discontinuity action, the effect of time-delay element 2 is that an initiating signal that is interrupted is become continuous initiating signal, so that the waveform generator of back also can continuous working, sends qualified flashing signal, time-delay element 2 return 1/2nd flash periods of time-delay greater than flashing relay, time-delay element 2 does not all return during the flash of light, has only when controlled signal lamp loop and (+) SM little bus that glistens to disconnect, and initiating signal disappears, time surpass time-delay element 2 return time-delay after, time-delay element just returns.Waveform generator 3 is the waveform generators that produce the cyclical variation waveform, and its output waveform removes to drive controlled flick of lamp after amplifying.Control element 4 is that the continuous initiating signal of time-delay element 2 outputs is removed to control waveform generator 3 in Fig. 2, makes waveform generator 3 produce waveform; Or as shown in Figure 3, the waveform generator is just work at ordinary times, and its output-controlled system element 4 controls have only when time-delay element moves, and control element 4 is open, and the output of waveform generator could be given behind control element 4 and be amplified driving element 5.Amplifying driving element 5 is the waveform signal of controlled element control, removes to drive output circuit after the amplification and makes bright, the flash of light of going out of controlled signal lamp.Power supply voltage drop element 6 is that the signal circuit working power is reduced to the voltage that is fit to electronic circuit work, to supply with above-mentioned each element working power, if the signal circuit supply voltage is lower, can be fit to electronic circuit work, and then power supply voltage drop element 6 can not wanted.

Below further each element of forming electronic flash relay is described in detail: initiating element 1 can be made up of divider resistance R1, R2, triode V1 as shown in Figure 4.Also can replace triode V1 by CMOS gate circuit D as shown in Figure 5, triode V1 also can be replaced by field effect transistor, in order to improve the technical feature of start loop, make things convenient for the selection of divider resistance, as shown in Figure 6 voltage stabilizing diode V7 of differential concatenation between divider resistance and triode V1 base stage.Initiating element 1 also can be made up of current-limiting resistance R7, optocoupler isolator N1 as shown in Figure 7.Initiating element 1 also can be made up of sensitive relay K2 as shown in Figure 8.

Time-delay element 2 can be as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10 by capacitor C 1, resistance R 3 and have the output block CMOS gate circuit D that opens threshold voltage and form, when time-delay element has the device drive of drawing load current and irritating load current by output, time-delay element increases isolating diode V8, the effect of V8 is when D4 is output as 0 current potential, stops C1 to discharge through D4.During no initiating signal, triode V1 ends or D4 exports 0 current potential, CMOS gate circuit D input low level, triode V1 conducting or D4 output noble potential when initiating signal, the capacitor C 1 instantaneous working power voltage that charges to, CMOS gate circuit D input high level, its output is abnormal thereupon, go at once control element 4 to make and amplify the output signal that driving element output becomes with waveform generator waveform, make controlled signal lamp bright, the alternate of going out, initiating signal disappears when signal lamp is bright, triode V1 ends or D4 exports 0 current potential, capacitor C 1 is selected 1/2nd flash periods of discharge time constant greater than flashing relay here by resistance R 3 discharges, signal lamp bright during capacitor C 1 voltage still greater than the unlatching threshold voltage of COMS gate circuit D; COMS gate circuit D output state is constant returns, in case the controlled signal lamp goes out again, initiating signal has again, triode V1 conducting again, or D4 output noble potential, the instantaneous again working power voltage that charges to of capacitor C 1, so constantly circulation has only when initiating signal to disappear for a long time, greater than the time-delay element time of return, COMS gate circuit D output turned back to original state when capacitor C 1 was discharged to voltage and is lower than COMS gate circuit D cut-in voltage, and flashing relay just quits work.Time-delay element 2 also can be as shown in figure 11, by capacitor C 1, resistance R 8, stabilivolt V5, triode V6 forms, just often capacitor C 1 charges to stabilivolt V5 conducting through resistance R 8, also conducting of triode V6, capacitor C 1 voltage equals stabilivolt V5 voltage and adds V6 and send out the forward voltage sum basic, when initiating signal, initiating element K2 action, the K2 contact is given out light the C1 electric charge, triode V6 ends, flashing relay is started working, when flashing relay output makes controlled lamp bright, initiating signal disappears, K2 returns, C1 begins again to charge through R8, here select the capacitor charging time constant greater than 1/2nd flash periods, capacitor C 1 voltage fills the voltage that stabilivolt V5 is punctured less than being enough to when controlled signal lamp is bright, that is to say during the flash of light of whole flashing relay triode V6 remain off state always, have only when controlled lamp loop and disconnect, enabling signal disappears for a long time, after capacitor C 1 voltage was charged to stabilivolt V5 is punctured, triode V6 turned back to conducting state again, and flashing relay just quits work.

Waveform generator 3 can be made up of phase inverter D1, D2, capacitor C 2, resistance R 4 as shown in figure 12, also can form by 555 o'clock base circuit N2, capacitor C 3, resistance R 9 as Figure 13, also other any waveform generators that can be made up of with electronic component multivibrator etc. are as the waveform generator, wherein be the better of square wave with the output waveform, it makes the lamp of flash of light bright, goes out clearly, and the power attenuation of amplifying driving element is reduced.Above-mentioned 12, shown in Figure 13 be the waveform generator that output waveform is a square wave.

Control element 4 can be selected the CMOS gate circuit here for use as Figure 14 by forming with door D1, so it is again the part of waveform generator 3, is again the output block of opening threshold voltage that has of time-delay element 2.Just often V1 ends, and capacitor C 1 both end voltage is 0, is input as 0 with door D1 upper end, vibration shape wave producer nonoscillatory, and D2 output remains on 0 attitude.The V1 conducting in the initiating element of back is connected in controlled lamp loop, and the capacitor C 1 instantaneous supply voltage that is charged to becomes 1 attitude with input on the door D1, just vibration of waveform generator 3, and its output is the output flashing signal after amplification drives.As long as controlled lamp loop is connected always, keep 1 attitude with the input of door D1 upper end owing to the time-delay element effect, the waveform generator vibrates always always, has only after controlled lamp loop disconnects, initiating element returns when long, after its time returned time-delay greater than time-delay element, capacitor C 1 was through resistance R 3 discharges, when the C1 both end voltage be lower than open threshold voltage with door D1 after, the input of D1 upper end becomes 0 attitude, the failure of oscillations of waveform generator, D1 output becomes 1 attitude, and D2 output becomes 0 attitude.Control element also can be as Figure 15 by V6, R10 forms, K2 is the contact of initiating element among the figure, normally open, C1, R8, V5, V6 is a time-delay element 2, C1 charges to stabilivolt V5 and punctures back V6 conducting, V6 sends out, collecting voltage equals 0, by D1, D2, C2, the power supply of the waveform generator 3 that R4 forms is taken from V6 and is sent out, the collection utmost point, D1, D2 equals 0 failure of oscillations because of power supply, connect back initiating element K2 action in controlled lamp loop, contact K2 connects capacitor C 1 by short circuit, and V6 ends immediately, D1, D2 obtains power supply starting oscillation immediately through R10, and its course of work is to aforementioned similar.Control element also can be made up of V6 as Figure 16, and V6 normally, C3 be by short circuit, the blocking of oscillator, and V6 ends after initiating element 1 action, the oscillator starting of oscillation, its course of work is to above-mentioned similar.Control element also can be as shown in figure 17 by forming with door D3, D3 has two inputs, one is the output of waveform generator, another is the output of the time-delay element 2 of C1, R4 composition, here select for use cmos circuit to do and door, therefore D3 is again the output block of opening threshold voltage that has of time-delay element, and this scheme control element 4 is the output of control waveform generator, and its course of work is to above-mentioned similar.

Amplifying driving element 5 can be as shown in figure 18, form by triode V2, relay K 1, resistance R 5, diode V3, V2 also can be replaced by other amplifying devices such as field effect transistor, R5 can cancel during with field effect transistor, V3 is that over-voltage is used, also can be replaced by capacitor, as the withstand voltage enough height of V2, V3 or capacitor can be cancelled.Amplify driving element 5 and also can be made up of V2, K1, V3 as Figure 19, V2 uses as emitter follower here, and the principle of V3 action substitution and cancellation is the same, and V2 also can be replaced by other amplifying devices such as field effect transistor.The relay K 1 of amplifying in the driving element also can be replaced by large power triode or electronic relay, and the V12 among Figure 21, R10 promptly are examples.

Power supply voltage drop element 6 can be made up of resistance R 6, voltage stabilizing diode V4 shown in Figure 20～24, also can be made up of the three-terminal voltage-stabilizing device, also can change the voltage stabilizing diode V4 in above-mentioned first scheme into resistance, is made up of electric resistance partial pressure.Consider from economy and technical indicator, preferable by the power supply voltage drop element scheme that resistance R 6 and voltage stabilizing diode V4 form.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention program is described further:

Fig. 1 is prior art flashing relay and application circuit thereof, is DX-3 type flashing relay in the frame of broken lines.

Fig. 2 is one of the technical scheme of an electronic flash relay block scheme.

Fig. 3 is two block schemes of the technical scheme of electronic flash relay.

Fig. 4～Fig. 8 is the initiating element circuit arrangement.

Fig. 9～Figure 11 is the time-delay element circuit arrangement.

Figure 12, Figure 13 are waveform generator circuit schemes.

Figure 14～Figure 17 is the control element circuit arrangement.

Figure 18, Figure 19 amplify the driving element circuit arrangement.

Figure 20～Figure 24 is an electronic flash relay embodiment circuit arrangement.

Below enumerating 5 embodiment describes in detail electronic flash relay.

Embodiment 1 is electronic flash relay in the frame of broken lines as shown in figure 20, and each of its composition is existing above the element to be introduced in detail, and electronic component symbol and numbering are identical with introduction.Button SB and lamp H are the test loops, it is the controlled signal lamp loop that replaces in the real work, just often, do not end SB disconnection V1 because of having base current, cmos nand gate D1 upper end is defeated to be 0 attitude, waveform generator nonoscillatory, D2 is output as 0 attitude, V2 ends, and K1 is excitation not, itself and+and (+) SM between the K1 contact obstructed, as SB is pinned, negative supply is through H, SB and deliver to (+) SM, V1 is through R1, R2 dividing potential drop and obtain base current, V1 conducting immediately, the input of D1 upper end becomes 1 attitude, waveform generator starting oscillation, D2 output periodically change between 1 attitude and 0 attitude, and V2 is conducting and ending thereupon also, the K1 contact is promptly connected, disconnect alternate, signal lamp is promptly bright thereupon, the flash of light of going out.V1 ends when K1 connects, because C1 is through the time constant of R3 discharge, be that time-delay element returns 1/2nd oscillation period that time-delay determines greater than C2, R4, therefore the D1 upper end remains 1 attitude during glistening, have only as SB to disconnect, (+) SM do not have negative supply through time-delay element return time-delay after, the input of D1 upper end becomes 0 attitude, the failure of oscillations of waveform generator, V2 ends, and flashing relay quits work.Here the principle selected of R1, R2 be its total resistance＞＞resistance of H, H did not work when flashing relay work K1 was opened, select the numerical value of R1, R2 to make flashing relay obtain suitable starting current simultaneously, because the electronic component operating power is very little, therefore, can design to such an extent that make starting current very little.

Embodiment 2 makes initiating element with N1 and R7 here as shown in figure 21, replaces relay K 1 with large power triode V12, and the waveform generator is vibration always normally, the output of control element D3 control waveform generator, and its course of work is similar to Example 1.

Embodiment 3 as shown in figure 22; here make initiating element with CMOS not gate D4; diode V9 is a D4 input protection diode; usually the CMOS gate circuit has the input protection diode; as long as it all is safe selecting R2 to make under the various situations electric current through the overprotection diode be no more than 10mA, is stranded this V9 and also can want.Its course of work is similar to Example 1.

Embodiment 4 as shown in figure 23, the difference of it and embodiment 3 is that control element is the output of the waveform generator of control, V2 makes emitter follower to use, the another one difference is to have increased diode V10, V11 and capacitor C 4, therefore this electronic flash relay is an AC/DC, and its course of work and the foregoing description are similar.

Embodiment 5 is to make initiating element with sensitive relay K2 as shown in figure 24 here, makes the waveform generator with 555 time base circuit N2, normal C1 full charge and V6 is led, N2 exports 0 attitude, and SB connects back K2 action, the K2 contact ends V6, N2 output vibration square wave, the V2 alternate conduction with end bright, the flash of light of going out of H lamp, because C1 fills less than V5 conducting current potential during flash of light, therefore the V6 remain off has only SB to disconnect just conducting again of back V6, and flashing relay quits work.

By above-mentioned introduction as can be seen the present invention program's electronic flash relay can do to such an extent that starting current is very little, be suitable for the little energy-saving indicating lamp flash of light requirement of working current of current popular, simultaneously because flash period depends on the electric capacity of vibration skin shape generator, the time constant parameter that resistance is formed, not influenced by the high and low and flashing relay institute on-load size of supply voltage, reached the present invention program's purpose.The present invention program's circuit is skillfully constructed, and a gate circuit pushes up several functions, as the D1 among Figure 20,22 be time-delay element have starting threshold voltage parts, be again a gate circuit of waveform generator, be again control element.This can make Figure 22, initiating element, waveform generator, control element shown in Figure 23 only to need a slice CMOS four NAND gate circuit CD4011 and a small amount of electric capacity, resistance in the actual production.Because cmos circuit input impedance is high, therefore can select for use low low capacity electric capacity of price and big resistance resistance to do Resistor-Capacitor Unit in time-delay element and the waveform generator.The device expense of whole flash of light relay only needs tens yuan.And can make the dual-purpose flashing relay of AC and DC easily, the present invention program's electronic flash relay is high-performance, low cost, easily manufactured, than prior art flashing relay outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement is arranged.It is the fabulous renewal product of traditional flashing relay.

Claims

1, a kind of electronic flash relay that is applied to the electric signal system, it includes shell, it is characterized in that, form by initiating element (1), time-delay element (2), waveform generator (3), control element (4), amplification driving element (5), power supply voltage drop element (6), when the flashing relay operating voltage lower, when this voltage was suitable for the operating voltage of electronic circuit, power supply voltage drop element (6) can not wanted.

2, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1, it is characterized in that, initiating element (1) is made up of divider resistance (R1), (R2), triode (V1), this triode (V1) also can be replaced by field effect transistor, CMOS gate circuit devices such as (D4), initiating element (1) also can be made up of current-limiting resistance (R7), optocoupler isolator (N1), and initiating element (1) also can be made up of sensitive relay (K2).

3, claim 1,2 described electronic flash relays is characterized in that initiating element (1) is made up of divider resistance (R1), (R2), stabilivolt (V7), triode (V1), and this triode (V1) also can be replaced by field effect transistor.

4, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1, it is characterized in that, time-delay element (2) is that time-delay element is returned in the snap action time-delay, it returns 1/2nd flash periods of delay time greater than flashing relay, by electric capacity (C1), resistance (R3 or R8) and have the parts (D or V5, V6) of opening threshold voltage and form, when time-delay element had the device drive of drawing load current and irritating load current by output, time-delay element need increase isolating diode (V8).

5, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1, it is characterized in that, waveform generator (3) is made up of phase inverter (D1, D2), electric capacity (C2), resistance (R4), perhaps form, also can form by other any waveform generator that multivibrator etc. is formed with electronic component by time base circuit (555), electric capacity (C3), resistance (R9).

6, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1 is characterized in that, control element (4) is and door that it can be a control waveform generator, also controls the output of waveform generator.

7, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1, it is characterized in that, amplify driving element (5) by current-limiting resistance (R5), triode (V2), relay (K1), the diode of reverse parallel connection (V3) is formed on the relay coil, triode (V2) also can be other amplifying devices compositions such as field effect transistor, current-limiting resistance during with field effect transistor (R5) can be cancelled, the diode of reverse parallel connection also can be replaced by capacitor on relay (K1) coil, as withstand voltage enough height of amplifying device such as triode (V2) or field effect transistor, diode (V3) or capacitor in parallel on the relay coil can be cancelled, amplifying driving element (5) also can be by emitter follower (V2), relay (K1), diode (V3) is formed, alternative and the cancellation principle of its device is the same, relay (K1) also can be replaced by large power triode or electronic relay, and its base stage should be gone here and there current-limiting resistance during with large power triode.

8, the described electronic flash relay of claim 1 is characterized in that, power supply voltage drop element (6) is made up of dropping resistor (R6), voltage-stabilizing device (V4).