CN108690640A - 一种含茚环的化合物及液晶介质 - Google Patents

一种含茚环的化合物及液晶介质 Download PDF

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CN108690640A
CN108690640A CN201810781430.XA CN201810781430A CN108690640A CN 108690640 A CN108690640 A CN 108690640A CN 201810781430 A CN201810781430 A CN 201810781430A CN 108690640 A CN108690640 A CN 108690640A
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liquid crystal
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carbon atom
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CN108690640B (zh
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蔡宗佑
史子谦
尹环
杨明权
房凤梅
丰佩川
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Yantai Xianhua Technology Group Co.,Ltd.
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YANTAI XIANHUA CHEM-TECH Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种含茚环的化合物。所述化合物具有通式I‑1或I‑2结构。本发明还涉及一种液晶介质，所述液晶介质包含上述的作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物，以及还包含通式Ⅱ所示化合物和通式Ⅲ所示化合物。本发明通过对各种液晶化合物的优化组合及优选配比，通过在单晶化合物的结构中合理的引入新的功能性基团，通式I所示的化合物引入茚环，提高了化合物的稳定性，并且有效提高了清亮点。本发明达到了适当高清亮点、适当双折射各项异性、高介电各项异性、低的旋转粘度、快的响应速度的作用，特别适用于低盒厚，高显示品质画面的有源矩阵MVA,PVA的液晶显示元件和液晶显示器。

Description

一种含茚环的化合物及液晶介质
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含茚环的化合物，还涉及一种包含茚环的化合物的液晶介质，属于液晶显示材料领域。
背景技术
作为平板显示技术的佼佼者，TFT-LCD目前已经逐渐占据了显示器领域的主导地位。TFT-LCD目前多用于对可视角度要求相当严格的高端领域，如航空航天、医疗、图形图像处理等。但在偏离垂直于显示器法线方向观察时，显示画面的对比度明显下降，这严重影响了TFT-LCD的应用领域。
目前，较为热门的广视角技术主要有TN+Wide Film，VA，包括PVA、MVA、PSVA等，IPS,FFS等。由于垂直取向的液晶显示器有较高的对比度，快速响应等优异性能，因此VA型液晶面板在目前的显示器产品中应用较为广泛，16.7M色彩和大可视角度是它最为明显的技术特点。
MVA(Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment，多区域垂直排列)技术，原理是增加突出物来形成多个可视区域。液晶分子在静态的时候并不是完全垂直排列，在施加电压后液晶分子成水平排列，这样光便可以通过各层。MVA技术将可视角度提高到160度以上，并且提供比IPS和TN+FILM更短的响应时间。这项技术由富士通公司开发，目前我国台湾奇美、友达光电等面板厂都有获得授权使用。
PVA则是三星推出的一种面板类型，它在富士通MVA面板的基础上有了进一步发展和提高，是一种图形垂直调整技术，该技术直接改变液晶单元结构，让显示效能大幅提升以获得优于MVA的亮度输出和对比度。此外在这两种类型基础上又延出改进型S-PVA和P-MVA两种面板类型，主要是色彩、相应时间和可视角度等方面，继续作出有效改善。
PVA采用透明的ITO层代替MVA中的凸起物，制造工艺与TN模式相容性较好。透明电极可以获得更好的开口率，最大限度减少背光源的浪费。PVA和MVA比较一脉相承，在实际性能表现上两者都是相当的。PVA也属于NB(常暗)模式液晶，在TFT受损坏而未能受电时，该像素呈现暗态。这种模式大大降低了液晶面板出现“亮度”的可能性。
CPA模式广视角技术严格来说也属于VA阵营的一员。在未加电状态下，液晶分子跟VA模式一贯特性一样都是分子长轴垂直于面板方向互相平行排列，当电压加到液晶层次像素电极和另一面的电极上时，形成一个对角的电场驱使液晶分子向中心电极方向倾斜。各液晶分子朝着中心电极呈放射的焰火状排列。由于像素电极上的电场是连续变化的，所以这种广视角模式被称作“连续焰火状排列(CPA)”模式。在性能上，CPA模式与MVA基本相当，而且CPA也属于NB(常黑)模式，在未受电情况下屏幕为黑色，在生产导致TFT损坏时也同样不易产生“亮点”。
PSVA技术是由友达和默克共同合作开发的聚合物垂直排列技术，该技术主要由带缝隙的TFT/ITO电极控制液晶倾倒，并于液晶材料中添加感光性高分子，面板组成后，施加电场，使液晶倾倒，再利用紫外光使液晶内感光性单体反应，使液晶随着电场驱动方向产生预倾角，达到多畴的特性。
随着显示技术的发展，人们对显示器件的要求越来越高，提高液晶显示器件的响应速度是实现这一要求的重要途径，而液晶显示器的响应速度主要受限于液晶介电各向异性、液晶盒的厚度以及液晶的旋转粘度，因此研发新型液晶产品，降低液晶粘度、提高液晶负介电各项异性、增大液晶光学各向异性也变得越来越重要。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足，提供一种作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物。该化合物提高了稳定性，并且有效提高了清亮点。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：
一种作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物，所述化合物具有通式I-1或I-2结构：
其中，R1为碳原子数为1～7的直链烷基、碳原子数为1-6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2-6的链烯基；
表示
m表示0、1或2；
Z1表示单键、—≡—、-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-CF2O-或-OCH2-。
进一步的，所述R1表示含有1～6个碳原子的烷基、或含有1～5个碳原子的烷氧基；
X1独立的表示F、碳原子数为1-6的卤代烷基、碳原子数为2-5的卤代烷氧基或碳原子数为2-5的卤代烯氧基中的任一种。
进一步的，所述通式I-1的化合物选自如下通式I-1-1至I-1-15中的一种：
进一步的，所述通式I-2的化合物选自如下通式I-2-1至I-2-15中的一种：
本发明还提供一种液晶介质，所述液晶介质包含上述的作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物。
进一步的，所述液晶介质还包含通式Ⅱ所示化合物和通式Ⅲ所示化合物：
其中，R2、R3、R4、R5为碳原子数为1～7的直链烷基、碳原子数为1-6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2-6的链烯基；
各自独立的表示
表示
各自独立的表示
L1、L2各自独立的代表氢或F；
n和o各自独立的表示0、1或2；
Z2表示单键、—≡—、-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-CF2O-或-OCH2-。进一步的，所述通式Ⅱ的结构如下：
进一步的，所述通式Ⅲ的结构如下：
进一步的，所述液晶介质包含：占所述液晶介质总质量的1～40％的通式I所示的化合物；占所述液晶介质总质量的1～70％的通式Ⅱ所示的化合物；占所述液晶介质总质量的10～50％的通式Ⅲ所示的化合物。更进一步的，所述液晶介质包含：占所述液晶介质总质量的1～20％的通式I所示的化合物；占所述液晶介质总质量的1～50％的通式Ⅱ所示的化合物；占所述液晶介质总质量的20～45％的通式Ⅲ所示的化合物。
有益效果：本发明通过对各种液晶化合物的优化组合及优选配比，通过在单晶化合物的结构中合理的引入新的功能性基团，通式I所示的化合物引入茚环，提高了化合物的稳定性，并且有效提高了清亮点。本发明由负的介电各向异性的通式I化合物、负的介电各向异性的通式Ⅱ化合物、以及介电中性的通式Ⅲ化合物构成的液晶介质，经过测试，达到了适当高清亮点、适当双折射各项异性、高介电各项异性、低的旋转粘度、快的响应速度的作用，特别适用于低盒厚，高显示品质画面的有源矩阵MVA,PVA的液晶显示元件和液晶显示器。
本发明还提供一种液晶介质在有源矩阵显示元件中的应用。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是，下面的实施例为本发明的示例，仅用来说明本发明，而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下，可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
本发明的液晶介质采用常规方法将两种或多种液晶化合物混合进行生产，如在高温下混合不同组分并彼此溶解的方法制备，其中，将液晶介质溶解在用于该化合物的溶剂中并混合，然后在减压下蒸馏出该溶剂；或者本发明的液晶介质可按照常规的方法制备，如将其中含量较小的组分在较高的温度下溶解在含量较大的主要组分中，或将各所属组分在有机溶剂中溶解，如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇等，然后将溶液混合后去除溶剂后得到。
本发明中的百分比为重量百分比，温度为摄氏度(℃)。如无其他说明，其他符号的具体意义及测试条件如下：
Cp(℃)表示液晶的清亮点。
S-N表示液晶的晶态到向列相的熔点(℃)。
△n为光学各向异性，no为寻常光的折射率，ne为非寻常光的折射率，测试条件为，589nm波长，25℃。测量仪器：阿贝折射仪。
△ε为介电各向异性，△ε＝ε//-ε⊥，其中，ε//为平行于分子轴的介电常数，ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数，测试条件为25℃；测量仪器：INSTEC:ALCT-IR1；20微米平行盒，未添加手性剂。
γ1：旋转粘度(mPa·s),测试条件为25±0.2℃。测量仪器：INSTEC:ALCT-IR1；20微米平行盒，未添加手性剂。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分，均可以通过公知的方法进行合成，或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的，所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
在以下的实施例中所采用的各成分，均可以通过公知的方法进行合成，或者通过商业途径获得。这些合成技术是常规的，所得到各液晶化合物经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
为便于表达，以下各实施例中，液晶化合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示：
表1液晶化合物的基团结构代码
以下列结构式为例，该结构式对应于表1所列代码可表示为:
实施例1
实施例2
实施例3
实施例4
实施例5
实施例6
实施例7
实施例8
实施例9
实施例10
通过上述实施例1-实施例10可得出，本发明由负的介电各向异性的通式I化合物、负的介电各向异性的通式Ⅱ化合物、以及介电中性的通式Ⅲ化合物构成的液晶介质具有较大的介电各向异性绝对值，较低的旋转粘度、合适的弹性常数、较高的清亮点、良好的稳定性，以及快的响应速度。
本发明所述的液晶介质还包含以下一种或几种添加剂：UV稳定剂、抗氧化剂、手性剂等。
本发明所述的液晶介质在基于IPS或FFS效应的有源矩阵显示元件中的应用，特别可应用于VA模式、MVA模式、PVA模式、IPS模式、或ECB显示模式的液晶显示元件。
本发明可用其他的不违背本发明的精神或主要特征的具体形式来概述。因此，无论从哪一点来看，本发明的上述实施方案都只能认为是对本发明的说明而不能限制本发明，权利要求书指出了本发明的范围，而上述的说明并未指出本发明的范围，因此，在与本发明的权利要求书相当的含义和范围内的任何改变，都应认为是包括在本发明的权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物，其特征在于，所述化合物具有通式I-1或I-2结构：
其中，R1为碳原子数为1～7的直链烷基、碳原子数为1-6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2-6的链烯基；
表示
m表示0、1或2；
Z1表示单键、—≡—、-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-CF2O-或-OCH2-。
2.根据权利要求1所述的作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物，其特征在于，所述通式I-1的化合物选自如下通式I-1-1至I-1-15中的一种：
3.根据权利要求1所述的作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物，其特征在于，所述通式I-2的化合物选自如下通式I-2-1至I-2-15中的一种：
4.一种液晶介质，其特征在于，所述液晶介质包含如权利要求1-3任一项所述的作为液晶介质组分的含茚环的化合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的液晶介质，其特征在于，所述液晶介质还包含通式Ⅱ所示化合物和通式Ⅲ所示化合物：
其中，R2、R3、R4、R5为碳原子数为1～7的直链烷基、碳原子数为1-6的烷氧基或碳原子数为2-6的链烯基；
各自独立的表示
表示
各自独立的表示
L1、L2各自独立的代表氢或F；
n和o各自独立的表示0、1或2；
Z2表示单键、—≡—、-CH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-CF2O-或-OCH2-。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶介质，其特征在于，所述通式Ⅱ的结构如下：
7.根据权利要求5所述的液晶介质，其特征在于，所述通式Ⅲ的结构如下：
8.根据权利要求5-7任一项所述的液晶介质，其特征在于：所述液晶介质包含：
占所述液晶介质总质量的1～40％的通式I所示的化合物；
占所述液晶介质总质量的1～70％的通式Ⅱ所示的化合物；
占所述液晶介质总质量的10～50％的通式Ⅲ所示的化合物。
9.根据权利要求8所示的液晶介质，其特征在于：所述液晶介质包含：
占所述液晶介质总质量的1～20％的通式I所示的化合物；
占所述液晶介质总质量的1～50％的通式Ⅱ所示的化合物；
占所述液晶介质总质量的20～45％的通式Ⅲ所示的化合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述液晶介质在有源矩阵显示元件中的应用。
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