CN108673182B - A clamping flexible tool suitable for sheet metal brackets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamping flexible tooling suitable for sheet metal brackets. The flexible tooling is suitable for fast positioning and clamping of multi-standard thin-walled parts and components, and specifically relates to the pressing and positioning of thin-walled parts with different wedge angles. 1. The structural form and process technology of angle adjustment belong to the field of clamping and positioning technology. The tooling of the present invention is aimed at the sheet metal brackets of various sizes and shapes on the metal casing of missile weapons at the present stage, and the specifications and quantities of the sheet metal parts that need to be drilled are correspondingly large, and these sheet metal brackets are wedge-shaped structures , The wedge angle varies from 0 to 5°. Using this tooling to make holes in sheet metal brackets can avoid designing and manufacturing corresponding positioning and clamping tools for different product shapes and hole making requirements, resulting in waste of tooling. The tooling of the present invention can realize fast positioning and fast clamping for sheet metal tooling with different external dimensions and wedge angles.

Description

A clamping flexible tool suitable for sheet metal brackets

technical field

The invention relates to a clamping flexible tooling suitable for sheet metal brackets. The flexible tooling is suitable for fast positioning and clamping of multi-standard thin-walled parts and components, and specifically relates to the pressing and positioning of thin-walled parts with different wedge angles. 1. The structural form and technology of angle adjustment belong to the technical field of clamping and positioning.

Background technique

In view of the fact that there are sheet metal brackets of various sizes and shapes on the metal shell of missile weapons at this stage, the specifications and quantity of sheet metal parts that need to be made are correspondingly large. These sheet metal brackets are all wedge-shaped structures, and the wedge angles are different. There are differences, ranging from 0 to 5°.

In the prior art, in the process of punching holes for sheet metal brackets, the holes are generally marked and punched manually, and then the holes are made by manual pneumatic drilling.

This method has the following disadvantages: poor precision, high labor intensity, and poor consistency.

Contents of the invention

The technical solution of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and propose a clamping flexible tool suitable for sheet metal brackets, which can solve the problem of punching holes in sheet metal brackets of different shapes and different wedge angles.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A clamping flexible tooling suitable for sheet metal brackets, the clamping flexible tooling includes a base, a positioning clamping module and an angle adjustment module;

The positioning and clamping module is used to position and clamp the sheet metal bracket;

The angle adjustment module is used to adjust the angle of the sheet metal support so that the processed surface of the sheet metal support is perpendicular to the machine tool spindle;

The angle adjustment module is fixedly installed on the base, and the positioning and clamping module is installed on the angle adjustment module.

The positioning clamping module includes a positioning pin, a quick clamp and a positioning plate; a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the positioning plate, and the positioning pin is installed in the positioning hole on the positioning plate, and the positioning pin is movable in the positioning hole. The positioning pin is used to locate the product to be clamped on the horizontal plane; the quick clamp is fixedly installed on the positioning plate, and the quick clamp is used to compress the product to be clamped.

The positioning and clamping module also includes a backing plate, which provides expansion and contraction space for the drill bit, and avoids damage to the positioning plate during the hole-making process of the sheet metal part.

The angle adjustment module includes a jacking mechanism, a locking mechanism, an angle encoder and a follower mechanism.

The jacking mechanism includes a motor reducer, a support, a roller, a screw nut, a slide block, a shaft, a guide rail, a left support arm, a right support arm and a shaft coupling.

The support is fixedly installed on the base, the guide rail is fixedly installed on the base; the slider is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screw nut, the left bracket arm and the right bracket arm are connected through the shaft, the top of the left bracket arm and the right bracket arm Each is equipped with a roller, and the roller is in contact with the positioning plate; the left bracket arm and the right bracket arm are fixedly installed on the top of the screw nut after being movably connected by a shaft, and the motor reducer is supported and fixed by the support, and the motor reducer and the lead screw The nuts are connected through couplings; the motor reducer drives the screw nut to rotate when the screw nut rotates, drives the slider to slide on the guide rail when the screw nut rotates, and drives the left bracket arm and the right bracket arm to rotate when the slider slides on the guide rail The axis rotates, and the change of the height of the left support arm and the right support arm relative to the base is realized during the rotation process of the left support arm and the right support arm; When the height of the base changes, the roller can drive the positioning plate to rotate around the pin, and the rotation angle of the positioning plate around the pin is detected by the angle encoder.

The locking mechanism includes an electric cylinder base, an electric cylinder, an upper locking link, a lower locking link, a locking pin, an upper connecting seat and a lower connecting seat.

The electric cylinder seat is fixedly installed on the base, and the lower connecting seat is fixedly installed on the base. The electric cylinder seat is used to support the electric cylinder; one end of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the electric cylinder seat, and the upper locking connecting rod and the lower locking The connecting rod is movably connected through the locking pin, the upper locking connecting rod and the lower locking connecting rod are movably connected through the locking pin and then connected to the other end of the electric cylinder, and the upper connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the upper locking connecting rod , the lower connecting seat is fixedly connected to the top of the lower locking link; the upper connecting seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the positioning plate.

The follow-up mechanism includes a connecting plate, a pin and a connecting block.

The connecting plate and the connecting block are flexibly connected by pins, the connecting plate is fixedly connected on the lower surface of the positioning plate, and the connecting block is fixedly connected on the base.

Beneficial effect

(1) The present invention determines the positioning and clamping functions by designing a set of positioning pin holes, three positioning pins and two positioning clamps; The angle adjustment device of the angle encoder determines the function of adjusting the angle; it effectively improves the positioning and clamping efficiency of the sheet metal bracket, and provides a flexible tooling for quick clamping with strong adaptability, fast response and high stability for automatic hole making. It greatly improves the hole-making efficiency and qualification rate, fills the gap in the research of rapid flexible clamping technology for this type of product in the industry, and also provides reference for the design of flexible tooling in other automation equipment.

(2) The present invention realizes the precise positioning of sheet metal brackets with different sizes and shapes by using three positioning pins, and two compression clamps compress the product, which can realize the positioning and assembly of thin-walled parts and components suitable for different sizes and shapes. clamp; adjust the angle of the surface of the product to be holed through the angle adjustment device to ensure that its surface is parallel to the base of the machine tool, so as to realize the universal hole making of sheet metal brackets with different wedge angles; save costs, improve hole making efficiency, and ensure Hole quality.

(3) The tooling of the present invention is aimed at the sheet metal brackets with various sizes and shapes on the metal casing of the missile weapon at the present stage, and the specifications and quantities of the sheet metal parts that need to be drilled are also relatively large. These sheet metal brackets are all Wedge-shaped structure, the wedge angle varies from 0° to 5°. Using this tooling to make holes in sheet metal brackets can avoid designing and manufacturing corresponding positioning and clamping tools for different product shapes and hole making requirements, resulting in waste of tooling.

(4) The tooling of the present invention can realize fast positioning and fast clamping for sheet metal tooling with different external dimensions and wedge angles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of clamping flexible tooling of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning and pressing module;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the positioning and pressing module;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of angle adjusting device;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of jacking mechanism;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of locking mechanism;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of follow-up assembly;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the technological process of positioning, clamping, and angle adjustment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, a clamping flexible tooling suitable for sheet metal brackets, the clamping flexible tooling includes a base 1, a positioning clamping module 2 and an angle adjustment module 3; the angle adjustment module 3 is fixedly installed on the base 1 , the positioning and clamping module 2 is installed on the angle adjustment module 3;

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the positioning clamping module 2 includes positioning pins 21, quick clamps 22, positioning plates 23 and backing plates 24; the positioning plate 23 has a plurality of positioning holes, and the positioning pins 21 are installed In the positioning hole on the positioning plate 23, the positioning pin 21 is a movable connection in the positioning hole, and the position of the positioning pin 21 can be adjusted according to the shape and structure of the product to be clamped. The positioning pin 21 is used for the horizontal plane of the product to be clamped. positioning on the top; the quick clamp 22 is fixedly installed on the positioning plate 23, and the quick clamp 22 is used to compress the product to be clamped; the backing plate 24 provides a stretching space for the drill bit, and avoids damage to the positioning plate 23 during the hole making process of the sheet metal ;

As shown in Figure 4, the angle adjustment module 3 includes a jacking mechanism 31, a locking mechanism 32, an angle encoder 33 and a follower mechanism 34;

As shown in Figure 5, the jacking mechanism 31 includes a motor reducer 311, a bearing 312, a roller 313, a screw nut 314, a slider 315, a shaft 316, a guide rail 317, a left support arm 318, and a right support arm 319 And shaft coupling 320; Bearing 312 is fixedly installed on the base 1, and guide rail 317 is fixedly installed on the base 1; Slider 315 is fixedly installed on the bottom of lead screw nut 314, left support arm 318 and right support arm 319 Through the flexible connection of the shaft 316, a roller 313 is respectively installed on the top of the left support arm 318 and the right support arm 319, and the roller 313 is in contact with the positioning plate 23; At the top of the lead screw nut 314, the motor reducer 311 is supported and fixed by the support 312, and the motor reducer 311 is connected with the lead screw nut 314 through a coupling 320; the motor reducer 311 drives the lead screw nut 314 to rotate when rotating, Drive slide block 315 to slide on guide rail 317 when leading screw nut 314 rotates, drive left support arm 318 and right support arm 319 to rotate around axle 316 when slide block 315 slides on guide rail 317, in left support arm 318 and right support Arm 319 realizes the variation of left support arm 318 and right support arm 319 relative to the height of base 1 during the rotation process of axis 316; When the height of the seat 1 changes, the roller 313 can drive the positioning plate 23 to rotate around the pin 342, and the angle at which the positioning plate 23 rotates around the pin 342 is detected by the angle encoder 33;

As shown in Figure 6, the locking mechanism 32 includes an electric cylinder seat 321, an electric cylinder 322, an upper locking link 323, a lower locking link 327, a locking pin 324, an upper connection seat 325 and a lower connection Seat 326; the electric cylinder seat 321 is fixedly installed on the base 1, the lower connection seat 326 is fixedly installed on the base 1, and the electric cylinder seat 321 is used to support the electric cylinder 322; one end of the electric cylinder 322 is fixedly connected to the electric cylinder seat 321 Up, the upper locking link 323 and the lower locking link 327 are flexibly connected through the locking pin 324, and the upper locking link 323 and the lower locking link 327 are flexibly connected with the electric cylinder 322 through the locking pin 324. The other end is connected, the upper connecting seat 325 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper locking link 323, the lower connecting seat 326 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower locking link 327; the upper connecting seat 325 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the positioning plate 23 ;

As shown in Figure 7, the follow-up mechanism 34 includes a connecting plate 341, a pin 342 and a connecting block 343; the connecting plate 341 and the connecting block 343 are movably connected by the pin 342, and the connecting plate 341 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the positioning plate 23 Above, the connection block 343 is fixedly connected to the base 1 .

As shown in Figure 8, the working process: during the movement of the jacking mechanism 31, it can drive the positioning plate 23 to rotate around the pin 342, and the angle at which the positioning plate 23 rotates around the pin 342 is detected by the angle encoder 33. When the detected When the angle reaches the set angle value, the electric cylinder 322 of the locking mechanism 32 locks the angle between the upper locking link 323 and the lower locking link 327, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the product to be clamped.

An overall structure suitable for quick clamping tooling of multi-specification thin-walled components is shown in Figure 1. It is mainly composed of three parts: positioning and pressing module, angle adjustment module, and base.

The positioning and pressing module is shown in Figures 2 and 3, and consists of three positioning pins, two pressing clamps and a mounting plate with a set of positioning pin holes. There are 10×10 positioning pin holes evenly distributed on the mounting plate within the range of 270mm×270mm (the distance between the positioning pin holes: 30mm). When working, first select the appropriate three positioning pin holes in a group of positioning pin holes according to the external dimensions of the product. The positioning pin hole is inserted into the positioning pin to realize the precise positioning of the product, and then the product is compressed by the compression clamp, so as to realize the positioning and compression of the product within the range of 265mm×310mm in length and width.

As shown in Figure 4, the angle adjustment module consists of four parts: a jacking mechanism, a locking mechanism, a follower assembly and an angle encoder. Among them, the jacking mechanism is composed of two screw nuts with opposite rotation directions, a screw, a bracket arm, a shaft and a roller as shown in Figure 5; the locking mechanism is composed of an electric cylinder, a locking link, and a pin as shown in Figure 6. and other components; the follow-up assembly consists of two sets of R pairs consisting of pins and adapters, one of which is shown in Figure 7; the angle encoder housing is connected to the follow-up assembly through its own mounting flange and centering ring On the bottom plate connection seat of the component, the shaft of the angle encoder is directly connected to the pin of the follower component, which can monitor in real time the angle that the positioning clamping module has rotated under the drive of the jacking component, and its measurement accuracy can reach plus or minus 5", It can meet the needs of precise adjustment of product angle.

The main technological process of using fast and flexible tooling suitable for multi-specification thin-walled components is shown in Figure 8. During the work process, the wedge angle of the thin-walled component product must first be determined, and selected from a set of positioning pin holes according to the product’s external dimensions. The three suitable positioning pin holes are inserted into the positioning pins to achieve precise positioning of the product, and then the product is pressed by the compression caliper; when the angle adjustment module is working, first the driving module composed of the motor-reducer drives the screw to rotate, so that a The screw nuts with opposite rotation directions move in the opposite direction, thereby driving the bracket arm to rotate around the axis to lift up the positioning and pressing module. At this time, the pressing and positioning module rotates around the pin with the assistance of the follow-up component to realize the pressing and positioning module. Angle adjustment; when the jacking mechanism is working, the fork seat of the locking mechanism rotates with the positioning and pressing module, driving the locking connecting rod to rotate around the locking pin shaft, and at the same time, the electric cylinder cooperates with the locking component to extend out, and the positioning card After the tightening module reaches the specified position, the electric cylinder is driven to lock itself, and the locking connecting rod and the fork seat are locked, so as to realize the locking of the jacking mechanism and the entire positioning and pressing module; at the same time, the angle encoder can be accurately obtained Position the pressing module to rotate around the angle of the follower assembly until the surface of the product to be holed finally reaches the position parallel to the machine base and the whole device stops running.

2. Implementation effect

Three positioning pins are used to realize the precise positioning of thin-walled components of different sizes and shapes, and two compression clamps are used to compress the product, which can realize the positioning and clamping of thin-walled components suitable for different sizes and shapes; through the angle The adjustment device adjusts the angle of the surface of the product to be holed to ensure that its surface is parallel to the base of the machine tool, so as to realize the generalized hole making of thin-walled parts and components with different wedge angles; it realizes the development of an automatic hole making system that is applicable to The flexible tooling for fast clamping of parts and components of different specifications saves costs, improves the efficiency of hole making, and ensures the quality of hole making.

At the same time, the technology of rapid positioning, pressing and angle adjustment involved in the present invention effectively fills the gap in the research on the rapid clamping technology of this type of product in the industry, and also provides reference for the design of flexible tooling in other automation equipment.

Example

The overall dimensions (length×width×height) of a certain type of sheet metal bracket are 117×66×15, and the wedge angle is 3.5°. It is necessary to make 4-Ф5 on the bracket. After the tooling is quickly fixed and clamped to the sheet metal bracket, the machine tool spindle is used to make a hole with a standard drill bit, and the measurement results of the hole are Ф5.009, Ф5.006, Ф5.011, Ф5.010, and the accuracy can reach 7H.

Claims (1)

1. A clamping flexible tooling suitable for sheet metal brackets, characterized in that: the clamping flexible tooling includes a base (1), a positioning and clamping module (2) and an angle adjustment module (3); The positioning and clamping module (2) is used for positioning and clamping the sheet metal bracket; The angle adjustment module (3) is used to adjust the angle of the sheet metal support so that the machined surface of the sheet metal support is kept perpendicular to the main shaft of the machine tool; The angle adjustment module (3) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the positioning and clamping module (2) is installed on the angle adjustment module (3); The positioning and clamping module (2) includes a positioning pin (21), a quick clamp (22) and a positioning plate (23); a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the positioning plate (23), and the positioning pin (21) is installed on In the positioning hole on the positioning plate (23), the positioning pin (21) is a movable connection in the positioning hole, and the positioning pin (21) is used for positioning the product to be clamped on the horizontal plane; the quick clamp (22) is fixedly installed On the positioning plate (23), the quick clamp (22) is used to compress the product to be clamped; The positioning and clamping module (2) also includes a backing plate (24), and the backing plate (24) provides expansion and contraction space for the drill bit, so as to avoid damage to the positioning plate (23) during the hole-making process of the sheet metal part; The angle adjustment module (3) includes a jacking mechanism (31), a locking mechanism (32), an angle encoder (33) and a follow-up mechanism (34); The jacking mechanism (31) includes a motor reducer (311), a support (312), a roller (313), a screw nut (314), a slider (315), a shaft (316), and a guide rail (317) , left support arm (318), right support arm (319) and coupling (320); The support (312) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the guide rail (317) is fixedly installed on the base (1); the slide block (315) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the screw nut (314), and the left support arm (318) and right support arm (319) are movably connected by axle (316), and a roller (313) is respectively installed on the top of left support arm (318) and right support arm (319), and roller (313) and positioning plate ( 23) are in contact; the left bracket arm (318) and the right bracket arm (319) are fixedly installed on the top of the screw nut (314) after being flexibly connected by the shaft (316), and the motor reducer (311) passes through the support (312) Carry out support and fix, motor reducer (311) is connected with lead screw nut (314) by coupling (320); ) drives the slide block (315) to slide on the guide rail (317) when rotating, and drives the left support arm (318) and the right support arm (319) around the shaft (316) when the slide block (315) slides on the guide rail (317) Rotate, realize left support arm (318) and the variation of right support arm (319) relative to base (1) height during left support arm (318) and right support arm (319) rotation process around axle (316); The roller (313) is in contact with the positioning plate (23), and the positioning plate (23) can be driven by the roller (313) when the height of the left support arm (318) and the right support arm (319) changes relative to the base (1). Rotate around the pin (342), and the angle at which the positioning plate (23) rotates around the pin (342) is detected by an angle encoder (33); The locking mechanism (32) includes an electric cylinder seat (321), an electric cylinder (322), an upper locking link (323), a lower locking link (327), a locking pin (324), an upper Connecting seat (325) and lower connecting seat (326); The electric cylinder seat (321) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the lower connecting seat (326) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the electric cylinder seat (321) is used to support the electric cylinder (322); the electric cylinder ( One end of 322) is fixedly connected on the electric cylinder base (321), the upper locking link (323) and the lower locking link (327) are flexibly connected through the locking pin (324), and the upper locking link (323 ) and the lower locking link (327) are flexibly connected to the other end of the electric cylinder (322) through the locking pin (324), and the upper connecting seat (325) is fixedly connected to the upper locking link (323) At the top, the lower connecting seat (326) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower locking link (327); the upper connecting seat (325) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the positioning plate (23); The follow-up mechanism (34) includes a connecting plate (341), a pin (342) and a connecting block (343); The connection plate (341) and the connection block (343) are flexibly connected by pins (342), the connection plate (341) is fixedly connected on the lower surface of the positioning plate (23), and the connection block (343) is fixedly connected to the base (1) superior.