CN108672731A - A kind of cylinder cap camshaft hole machining tool and its application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cylinder cap camshaft hole machining tool, including rack, the rack is provided with knife rest, fixture, console and hydraulic station；The knife rest is additionally provided with rod cutter and makes the driving device of cutter rotary motion, and it is set to the supporting rack of cutter direction of advance, the cutter includes knife bar, the knife bar is provided with multigroup groove, every group of the groove is two, it is respectively arranged with smart thorax knife and thick thorax knife, the essence thorax knife or thick thorax knife are fixed on by fastener in the groove；Fixture is provided between support frame as described above, the fixture is provided with multiple supporting blocks, limited block, telescopic positioning pin and clamping limb；The invention also discloses the application methods of the cylinder cap camshaft hole machining tool；Invention solves the problems, such as that prior art camshaft holes on engine cylinder head processing efficiency is relatively low, and makes to be not easy to cause the accident of cutter or workpiece damage to occur due to human operational error in process using the accurate positionin of sensor.

Description

Machine tool for machining cylinder head camshaft hole and method of use thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a machine tool for processing cylinder head camshaft holes and a method for using the same.

Background technique

At present, China's automobile manufacturing technology is developing in the direction of high speed, intelligence, compounding, and environmental protection. Among them, engine manufacturing technology is the representative. As an important part of the engine, the holes for connecting rods, crankshafts and piston pins require high precision. Rough boring, fine boring, reaming and polishing processes are mostly used, among which the accuracy and difficulty of reaming are the highest. This puts forward high requirements for cutting tools. How to provide high-quality products for automobile and parts manufacturers, and reduce costs and increase efficiency to the greatest extent, while providing a complete overall solution for cutting processing, has become what the majority of tool suppliers want. new topics of inquiry.

The compound tool for roughing and finishing the inner hole of the camshaft hole is a commonly used tool for machining the inner diameter. At present, for the machining of the inner diameter that requires higher precision, two tools are usually used, one roughing tool and one Finishing tools, when machining the inner diameter, it is necessary to use roughing tools for rough machining first, and then use finishing tools for finishing, so as to meet the requirements, but the replacement of two tools not only reduces work efficiency, but also increases The cost of cutting tools, the development of various combined cutting tools and composite cutting tools has become the most popular solution in the industry. A compound tool usually performs two or more operations and is designed to achieve the same level of machining quality as a single-function tool. The use of compound cutting tools can not only reduce the number of tool changes, improve the service life of the cutting tools, but also save costs, and the most important thing is to greatly improve production efficiency.

Chinese Patent Announcement No. CN205341953U discloses a composite tool for rough and fine machining of the inner hole, which includes a tool holder and a handle. The rough machining blade is installed at the cutter head, and the finishing blade is installed in the middle of the cutter bar. The composite tool for rough and fine machining of the inner hole can be used for rough machining and finish machining of the inner hole, and it is very convenient without changing a tool during machining. The notification number CN205834277U discloses a cylinder head camshaft hole and oil seal hole finishing tool, including a finishing single-edged blade, a support guide bar, a cutter body, an oil seal hole finishing blade, a connecting flange and a knife handle. The connecting flange is fixedly connected with the oil seal hole finishing blade, and the oil seal hole finishing blade is connected with the cutter body, which also includes a semi-finishing quadrangular blade, and the end of the cutter body is sequentially provided with a finishing single-edged blade and a semi-finishing quadrangular blade . Compared with conventional tools, the camshaft hole semi-finishing insert improves the service life of the insert; avoids repeated positioning errors caused by tool replacement, and is more conducive to ensuring the coaxiality of the hole. The tool is an integral carbide guide bar type single-edged reamer, which uses PCD blades and PCD support guide bars to realize semi-finish reaming, fine calibration and oil seal hole calibration of camshaft holes, and the combination of oil seal hole and camshaft hole processing tools , which improves the processing efficiency and ensures the processing accuracy.

However, these cutting tools cannot process multiple camshaft holes of the engine at the same time during the machining process, which greatly affects the efficiency of the work, and due to the use of longer tool rods or supporting parts, it is inevitable that the material of the tool rod or supporting parts will be damaged. Toughness leads to low machining accuracy, which is not conducive to the improvement of the overall efficiency of the engine.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool and its use method, and to solve the problems of the engine cylinder head camshaft in the prior art by using a cutter with a plurality of cutter heads. The problem of low hole processing efficiency, and the use of multi-point support improves the stability of the tool and increases the machining accuracy, and the accurate positioning of the sensor makes it less likely to cause damage to the tool or workpiece due to human error during the machining process.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool, including a frame, the frame is provided with a tool rest, a fixture, a console and a hydraulic station;

The knife rest moves linearly on the track provided on the frame through the knife rest telescopic cylinder, the knife rest is also provided with a rod-shaped cutter parallel to the track and a driving device for rotating the cutter, and a drive device arranged in the advancing direction of the cutter At least two support frames, the cutter includes a cutter bar, the cutter bar is cylindrical, and the cutter bar is provided with multiple groups of grooves, each group of grooves is two, respectively provided with fine bore cutters and A rough-bore knife, the fine-bore knife or the rough-bore knife is fixed in the groove by a fastener;

The support frame is provided with a through hole capable of supporting and stabilizing the knife rod, and the through hole is provided with a gap at the blade position of the knife rod to allow the blade to pass through;

Clamps are arranged between the support frames, and the clamps are provided with a plurality of support blocks located at the lower part of the workpiece, a plurality of limit blocks located around the horizontal direction of the workpiece, a retractable positioning pin located at the lower part of the workpiece mounting hole, and a positioning pin located at the bottom of the workpiece mounting hole. Movable clamping arm on top of workpiece.

Further, the cutter bar is provided with a position sensor or a proximity switch.

Further, the top of the positioning pin is provided with a chamfer.

Further, the lower part of the positioning pin is provided with a telescopic cylinder.

Further, the middle part of the clamping arm is hingedly provided with a support rod, and the tail part is hingedly provided with a clamping arm telescopic cylinder,

Further, the telescopic cylinder of the clamping arm and the support rod are both provided with a screw nut transmission structure whose height can be adjusted.

Further, the drive device includes an electric motor and a gearbox, and the gearbox is a multi-speed gearbox.

Further, the clamp is provided with a workpiece position sensor on one side of the notch in the through hole of the support frame.

Based on the above device, the present invention also provides a method for using a cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the cylinder head workpiece to be processed into the support block of the fixture, and push it to one side to provide space for the tool to enter the camshaft hole of the workpiece to be processed;

2) The tool holder telescopic cylinder pushes the tool holder to move forward, so that the fine-bore knife and the rough-bore knife enter between the adjacent camshaft holes;

3) The positioning pin protrudes and enters the mounting hole of the workpiece under the guidance of the chamfer, so that the workpiece can be positioned precisely;

4) The telescopic cylinder of the clamping arm stretches out, and the clamping arm presses down to fix the workpiece under the action of leverage;

5) The tool starts and moves back and forth under the action of the telescopic cylinder of the tool holder, so that the fine bore cutter and the rough bore cutter respectively cut the camshaft hole;

6) After the camshaft bore cutter cutting process is completed, the cutter bar stops at the set position;

7) The tool holder returns to the pre-cutting position under the action of the tool holder telescopic cylinder, the clamping arm telescopic cylinder and the positioning pin telescopic cylinder retract, and the workpiece loses its fixation;

8) Push the workpiece to one side to provide space for the tool to withdraw, and the telescopic cylinder of the tool holder retracts to complete the tool retraction;

9) Take out the workpiece and complete the machining of the camshaft hole.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention adopts multiple groups of processing tools on the same cutter bar, so that after the cylinder head of the workpiece is positioned, multiple camshaft holes can be cut and processed at the same time; and each group of processing tools is provided with a rough bore cutter and a fine bore cutter. These cutting tools can be used to work at the same time, which greatly improves the machining progress of the cylinder head camshaft hole, and is conducive to maintaining a high cutting efficiency of the camshaft hole.

In order to improve the machining accuracy, this device is also equipped with at least two support frames for the tool, so that the tool can obtain more support during operation, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the tool and making the machining accuracy of the shaft hole higher. It is also conducive to the stability of the finished product and lays the foundation for improving the working efficiency of the engine.

In order to prevent damage to the tool due to misoperation, the machine tool is also equipped with a tool bar position sensor to control the parking position of the tool bar, and a workpiece position sensor to monitor the moving position of the workpiece to provide reference for the movement of the tool holder and tool bar.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the implementation status schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of fixture of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a right view structural diagram of the clamp of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-frame, 2-turret, 21-turret telescopic cylinder, 22-driving device, 23-knife, 24-track, 3-hydraulic station, 4-console, 5-fixture, 51-clamp Holding arm, 511-clamping arm telescopic cylinder, 512-adjusting bolt, 513-pressure bar, 514-support rod, 52-locating pin, 53-limiting block, 54-workpiece position sensor, 55-supporting block, 6- The first support frame, 7-the second support frame.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool comprises frame 1, and described frame 1 is provided with tool holder 2, fixture 5, console 4 and hydraulic station 3;

The knife rest 2 moves linearly on the track 24 provided on the frame 1 through the knife rest telescopic cylinder 21, and the knife rest 2 is also provided with a rod-shaped cutter 23 parallel to the track 24 and a driving device for rotating the cutter 23 22. The driving device 22 includes a motor and a gearbox, and the gearbox is a multi-speed gearbox, which can provide different rotation speeds for the cutter 23 during rough bore or fine bore, so as to ensure the safety of the cutter 23 and the accuracy of machining promote.

Described cutter 23 comprises cutter bar, and described cutter bar is cylindrical, and described cutter bar is provided with multiple groups of grooves, and each group of described grooves is two, is respectively provided with fine-bore cutter and rough-bore cutter, and described The fine-bore knife or the rough-bore knife is fixed in the groove by a fastener, and the fastener is preferably a bolt, which cooperates with the hole provided on the cutter bar to realize the fixing of the fine-bore knife or the rough-bore knife ;

In order to improve the machining accuracy, at least two support frames are provided in the forward direction of the cutter 23, and the number is preferably two, including the first support frame 6 and the second support frame 7. The support frame makes the cutter 23 during operation, More support can be obtained, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the tool 23, making the machining accuracy of the shaft hole higher, and also conducive to the stability of the finished product, laying a foundation for improving the working efficiency of the engine.

As shown in Figure 2, a clamp 5 is arranged between the first support frame 6 and the second support frame 7, and the clamp 5 is provided with a plurality of support blocks 55 positioned at the lower part of the workpiece for supporting the workpiece, at the level of the workpiece A plurality of limit blocks 53 around the direction, a retractable positioning pin 52 located at the lower part of the workpiece mounting hole, and a movable clamping arm 51 located at the upper part of the workpiece.

The top of the positioning pin 52 is provided with a guiding chamfer, which is easier to enter into the mounting hole of the workpiece to achieve its precise positioning, and the lower part of the positioning pin 52 is provided with a telescopic cylinder.

As shown in Figure 3, the support frame is provided with a through hole capable of supporting and stabilizing the knife rod, and the through hole is provided with a gap at the blade position of the knife rod to allow the blade to pass through;

The clamping arm 51 includes a pressure bar 513, the middle part of the pressure bar 513 is hingedly provided with a support rod 514, and the tail is hingedly provided with a clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511, and the clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511 and the support rod 514 are all provided with There is a screw nut transmission structure including adjustment bolts 512; the pressure lever 513 is supported by the support rod 514, and when the clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511 is working, the lever principle is used to control the compression or release of the head of the workpiece, for better To adapt to the workpiece, the height can also be controlled by the screw nut transmission structure of the clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511 and the support rod 514.

In order to prevent damage to the tool 23 due to misoperation, this machine tool is also provided with a tool bar position sensor or a proximity switch to control the parking position of the tool bar; , monitor the moving position of the workpiece, and provide reference for the movement of the tool holder 2 and the tool holder.

The console 4 is electrically connected with the driving device 22 and the motor and solenoid valve provided on the hydraulic station 3 to control the movement of the tool rest 2 and the rotation of the tool 23, and complete the positioning and fixing of the workpiece.

Based on the above device, the present invention also provides a method for using a cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool, comprising the following steps:

1) Put the cylinder head workpiece to be processed on the support block 55 between the limit blocks 53 of the fixture 5, and push it to one side to provide space for the tool 23 to enter the camshaft hole of the workpiece to be processed;

2) Operate the tool holder telescopic cylinder 21 to push the tool holder 2 to move forward, so that the fine bore cutter and the rough bore cutter enter between adjacent camshaft holes;

3) The positioning pin 52 protrudes and enters the mounting hole of the workpiece under the guidance of the chamfer, so that the workpiece can be precisely positioned;

4) The clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511 stretches out, and the clamping arm 51 presses down to fix the workpiece under the action of leverage, and completes the fixing and positioning work of the workpiece;

5) The tool 23 starts and moves back and forth under the action of the telescopic cylinder 21 of the tool holder, and uses the fine bore cutter and the rough bore cutter to cut the camshaft hole respectively;

6) After the camshaft bore cutter cutting process is completed, the cutter bar stops at the set position under the cooperation of the tool bar position sensor;

7) The tool holder 2 returns to the position at the beginning of the cutting work under the action of the tool holder telescopic cylinder 21, the clamping arm telescopic cylinder 511 and the positioning pin 52 telescopic cylinder retract, and the workpiece loses its fixation;

8) Push the workpiece to one side to provide space for the tool 23 to withdraw, and the tool holder telescopic cylinder 21 retracts to complete the tool retraction;

9) Take out the workpiece and complete the machining of the camshaft hole.

It can be understood that the above specific descriptions of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or Equivalent replacements to achieve the same technical effect; as long as they meet the needs of use, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool is characterized in that: comprise frame (1), and described frame (1) is provided with tool rest (2), fixture (5), console (4) and hydraulic pressure station(3); A track (24) is arranged on the frame (1), and the knife rest (2) moves linearly on the track (24) through the knife rest telescopic cylinder (21). The knife rest (2) is also provided with parallel A rod-shaped cutter (23) on the track (24), a drive device (22) that rotates the cutter (23) and at least two support frames that are arranged in the advancing direction of the cutter (23), and the cutter (23) includes Cutter rod, the cutter rod is cylindrical, and the cutter rod is provided with multiple groups of grooves, each group of the grooves is two, and each group of grooves is respectively provided with a fine-bore cutter and a rough-bore cutter, so The fine-bore knife or the rough-bore knife is fixed in the groove by a fastener; The support frame is provided with a through hole capable of supporting and stabilizing the knife rod, and the through hole is provided with a gap at the blade position of the knife rod to allow the blade to pass through; Clamps (5) are arranged between the support frames, and the clamps (5) are provided with a plurality of support blocks (55) positioned at the lower part of the workpiece, a plurality of limit blocks (53) positioned around the horizontal direction of the workpiece, and positioned at the workpiece A plurality of retractable positioning pins (52) at the lower part of the mounting hole and a plurality of movable clamping arms (51) at the upper part of the workpiece. 2. A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: said tool rod is provided with a position sensor or a proximity switch. 3. A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the positioning pin (52) is provided with a chamfer. 4. A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: a telescopic cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the positioning pin (52). 5. A cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the clamping arm (51) is hinged with a support rod (514), and the tail is hinged with a clamping arm telescopic cylinder ( 511). 6. A machine tool for processing cylinder head camshaft holes according to claim 5, characterized in that: the clamping arm telescopic cylinder (511) and the support rod (514) are both provided with screw nuts whose height can be adjusted transmission structure. 7. A machine tool for machining cylinder head camshaft holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving device (22) includes an electric motor and a gearbox, and the gearbox is a multi-speed gearbox. 8. A machine tool for machining cylinder head camshaft holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: said clamp (5) is provided with a workpiece position sensor (54) on one side of the notch in the through hole of the support frame. 9. A method for using a cylinder head camshaft hole processing machine tool, comprising the following steps: 1) Put the cylinder head workpiece to be processed on the support block (55) of the fixture (5), and push it to one side to provide space for the tool (23) to enter the camshaft hole of the workpiece to be processed; 2) The tool holder telescopic cylinder (21) pushes the tool holder (2) to move forward, so that the fine bore cutter and the rough bore cutter enter between adjacent camshaft holes; 3) The positioning pin (52) protrudes and enters the mounting hole of the workpiece under the guidance of the chamfer, so that the workpiece can be precisely positioned; 4) The clamping arm telescopic cylinder (511) stretches out, and the clamping arm (51) presses down to fix the workpiece under the action of leverage; 5) The tool (23) is activated and moved back and forth under the action of the telescopic cylinder (21) of the tool holder, so that the fine bore cutter and the rough bore cutter respectively cut the camshaft hole; 6) After the camshaft bore cutter cutting process is completed, the cutter bar stops at the set position; 7) The tool holder (2) returns to the pre-cutting position under the action of the tool holder telescopic cylinder (21), the clamping arm telescopic cylinder (511) and the positioning pin (52) telescopic cylinder retract, and the workpiece loses its fixation; 8) Push the workpiece to one side to provide space for the tool (23) to withdraw, and the tool holder telescopic cylinder (21) retracts to complete the tool retraction; 9) Take out the workpiece and complete the machining of the camshaft hole.