CN108663708B - Design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution, which utilizes a scintillation crystal detector and comprises a detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device, the scintillation crystal comprises a top surface, a side surface and a bottom surface, the top surface is provided with a layer of light guide device, the light guide device is connected with the photoelectric conversion device, and the outer side of the side surface is wrapped by a light reflection film. The design method for optimizing the energy spectrum resolution based on the scintillation crystal detector comprises the steps of establishing a scintillation crystal detector simulation matrix and deconvoluting and resolving the spectrum of the energy spectrum, and mainly aims to remove the interference of non-full-energy peak deposition such as a Compton platform and a backscattering peak existing in the scintillation crystal energy spectrum by gamma incident rays with different incident energies, effectively improve the detection energy resolution, particularly highlight the resolution of the full-energy peak of a corresponding nuclide, and strengthen the nuclide identification capability of the crystal detector.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crystal detectors, in particular to a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution.
Background
Scintillation crystals are a class of energy converters capable of converting high-energy rays into visible light, and in recent years, scintillation crystals as working materials of photoelectric detectors are widely applied in the aspects of industrial detection, high-energy physics, homeland security and the like. However, a general scintillation crystal is not provided with a reflection recovery device for gamma incident rays, so that the acquisition rate of the gamma incident rays is low, the gamma incident rays are common and important rays in a radiation field and can be divided into natural gamma incident rays and artificial gamma incident rays, at present, a gamma energy spectrum is mainly obtained by measuring through a detector with energy resolution capability, and a traditional measuring method does not relate to a method for deconvolution spectrum analysis processing of the gamma energy spectrum, so that the full energy peak and the characteristic peak of the obtained different gamma incident rays are not obvious, the energy spectrum resolution is also low, and the capacity of the scintillation crystal detector for nuclide identification is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution, which improves the energy spectrum resolution, so that the full energy peaks and characteristic peaks of the obtained different gamma incident rays are very obvious, and the resolution of the full energy peak of the corresponding nuclide can be highlighted.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution comprises the following steps,
(1) establishing a simulation matrix of the scintillation crystal detector:
s1: establishing a simulation model by using a computer;
s2: using gamma incident rays with different energies to carry out actual measurement of an energy spectrum;
s3: comparing the experimental result with the simulation result, and optimizing the simulation model parameters;
s4: carrying out energy spectrum simulation on gamma incident rays with different incident energies by using the simulation model after parameter optimization;
s5: establishing response matrixes of the scintillation crystal detector in different energy intervals according to gamma incident rays with different incident energies;
(2) the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process aims at removing the interference of non-full energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of gamma incident rays with different incident energies:
s1: reading a response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector;
s2: reading an actually measured energy spectrum;
s3: entering iteration for circulation, and sequentially decreasing the i and the j from the actually measured energy spectrum and the maximum channel number of the deconvolved original incident energy spectrum;
s4: reading the ith row energy response vector VUNIT of the response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector, and reading the ith numerical value (O) in the actually measured energy spectrumi) Dividing the data by the jth element (Rij) in the ith row energy response vector VUNIT to calculate the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum, and storing the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum after deconvolution;
s5: entering another energy channel iteration for circulation, increasing the j value from the lowest energy channel of the energy spectrum to the highest energy channel, calculating the contribution of the energy of the j-th channel value in the original incident energy spectrum in different energy channels in the actually measured energy spectrum, and subtracting the contribution value of the j-th channel energy in the original incident energy spectrum in each energy channel from the energy value of each channel of the actually measured energy spectrum, namely obtaining the deconvolution energy spectrum result of the original incident energy spectrum aiming at the energy value of the highest energy channel;
s6: and re-entering the i, j decrement loop until the lowest energy track number of the energy spectrum is finished.
The embodiment of the invention provides a second possible implementation manner, wherein the scintillation crystal detector applying the method comprises a detector body, the detector body comprises a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device, the scintillation crystal comprises a top surface, a side surface and a bottom surface, the top surface is provided with a layer of light guide device, the light guide device is connected with the photoelectric conversion device, and the outer side of the side surface is wrapped by a light reflection film.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a third possible implementation manner, where the scintillation crystal is a cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner, wherein a layer of optical grease is coated between the light guide device and the photoelectric conversion device.
A fifth possible implementation is provided in the examples of the present disclosure, wherein the light guide device is zinc oxide.
A sixth possible implementation manner is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the photoelectric conversion device is a photomultiplier tube (PMT), a silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM), or a photodiode (Photo-diode).
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention discloses a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution, which comprises the processes of establishing a scintillation crystal detector simulation matrix and deconvoluting and resolving the energy spectrum, can remove the interference of non-full energy peak deposits such as a Compton platform, a back scattering peak and the like existing in the scintillation crystal energy spectrum by gamma incident rays with different incident energies, and effectively improves the detection energy resolution. The scintillation crystal detector using the method comprises a detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a scintillation crystal and a photoelectric conversion device, and the photoelectric conversion device is a photomultiplier or a photodiode. The scintillation crystal comprises a top surface, a side surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface is provided with a layer of light guide device, the light guide device is zinc oxide, the light guide device is connected with a photoelectric conversion device, a layer of optical grease is coated between the light guide device and the photoelectric conversion device, the optical grease has high light transmittance and has the function of fixedly bonding the light guide device and the photoelectric conversion device, the outer side of the side surface is coated with a light reflection film, and the light reflection film is used for recovering photons transmitted to the side surface of the scintillation crystal in a reflection mode and improving the light collection rate. The scintillation crystal is an energy converter which can convert high-energy rays into visible light, and the visible light is absorbed by a photoelectric conversion device through optical grease to be converted into an electric signal, namely an actually measurable signal. Then establishing a simulation matrix of the detector and then carrying out an energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process, thereby removing the interference of non-full-energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of gamma incident rays with different incident energies, and particularly highlighting the resolution of the full-energy peak of the corresponding nuclide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a scintillation crystal detector of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a scintillation crystal detector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a specific calculation process for deconvolution in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a gamma energy spectrum directly measured and not spectrally deconvolved in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 5 is a gamma energy spectrum of the spectrum deconvolved spectrum of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a scintillation crystal; 2. a photoelectric conversion device; 3. an optical grease; 4. a light guide device 5, a light reflection film; 6. a side surface; 7. a bottom surface; 8. gamma incident ray, 9, top surface.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a scintillation crystal detector comprises a detector body, wherein the detector body comprises a scintillation crystal 1 and a photoelectric conversion device 2, and the scintillation crystal 1 comprises a top surface 9 and a sideA surface 6 and a bottom surface 7, wherein the scintillation crystal 1 is a cylinder or a polygonal column, the scintillation crystal 1 is selected based on the energy range of the detected gamma incident light 8, the low-energy gamma incident light 8, i.e. the gamma incident light 8 with energy less than 100KeV, adopts YSO crystal, the high-energy gamma incident light 8, i.e. the gamma incident light 8 with energy greater than 100KeV, adopts BGO crystal, NaI crystal or [ LaBr ]3(Ce)]Crystal to maximize the efficiency of the scintillation crystal detector, in this example a NaI crystal is used as the scintillation crystal detector. The top surface 9 of the scintillation crystal 1 is provided with a layer of light guide device 4, the light guide device 4 is connected with the photoelectric conversion device 2, the light guide device 4 is zinc oxide, the photoelectric conversion device 2 is a photomultiplier or a photodiode, a layer of optical grease 3 is coated between the light guide device 4 and the photoelectric conversion device 2, the optical grease 3 has high light transmittance and has the function of fixedly bonding the light guide device 4 and the photoelectric conversion device 2, the outer side of the side surface 6 is coated with a light reflection film 5, and the light reflection film 5 is used for recovering photons transmitted to the side surface 6 of the scintillation crystal 1 in a reflection mode and improving the light collection rate. The scintillation crystal 1 is an energy converter which can convert high-energy rays into visible light, and the visible light is absorbed by the photoelectric conversion device 2 through the optical grease 3 and then converted into an electric signal, wherein the electric signal is an actually measurable signal. Then, a simulation matrix of the detector is established, and then the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process is carried out, so that the interference of non-full-energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of the gamma incident light 8 with different incident energy can be removed, and particularly the resolution of the full-energy peak of the corresponding nuclide can be highlighted.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention: a design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution comprises the following steps,
(1) establishing a simulation matrix of the scintillation crystal detector:
s1: establishing a simulation model by using a computer;
s2: the actual measurement of the energy spectrum is performed using gamma incident rays 8 of different energies;
s3: comparing the experimental result with the simulation result, and optimizing the simulation model parameters;
s4: carrying out energy spectrum simulation of gamma incident rays 8 with different incident energies by using the simulation model after parameter optimization;
s5: establishing response matrixes of the scintillation crystal detector in different energy intervals according to the gamma incident rays 8 with different incident energies;
(2) the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process aims at removing the interference of non-full energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of the gamma incident light 8 with different incident energies:
s1: reading a response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector;
s2: reading an actually measured energy spectrum;
s3: entering iteration for circulation, and sequentially decreasing the i and the j from the actually measured energy spectrum and the maximum channel number of the deconvolved original incident energy spectrum;
s4: reading the ith row energy response vector VUNIT of the response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector, and reading the ith numerical value (O) in the actually measured energy spectrumi) And divided by the j-th element (R) in the i-th row energy response vector VUNITij) Calculating the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum, and storing the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum after deconvolution;
s5: entering another energy channel iteration for circulation, increasing the j value from the lowest energy channel of the energy spectrum to the highest energy channel, calculating the contribution of the energy of the j-th channel value in the original incident energy spectrum in different energy channels in the actually measured energy spectrum, and subtracting the contribution value of the j-th channel energy in the original incident energy spectrum in each energy channel from the energy value of each channel of the actually measured energy spectrum, namely obtaining the deconvolution energy spectrum result of the original incident energy spectrum aiming at the energy value of the highest energy channel;
s6: and re-entering the i, j decrement loop until the lowest energy track number of the energy spectrum is finished.
The gamma incident light 8 is emitted from the bottom surface 7 of the scintillation crystal 1, the scintillation crystal 1 is a kind of energy converter which can convert high-energy rays into visible light, the gamma incident light 8 is converted into visible light through the scintillation crystal 1, the visible light is absorbed by the photoelectric conversion device 2 through the optical grease 3 and is converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is an actually measurable signal. Then, a simulation matrix of the detector is established, and then the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process is carried out, so that the interference of non-full-energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of the gamma incident light 8 with different incident energy can be removed, and particularly the resolution of the full-energy peak of the corresponding nuclide can be highlighted.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps: the scintillation crystal 1 comprises a top surface 9, a side surface 6 and a bottom surface 7, wherein the top surface 9 is provided with a layer of light guide device 4, the light guide device 4 is connected with the photoelectric conversion device 2, the outer side of the side surface 6 is wrapped with a light reflection film 5, and the light reflection film 5 is used for recovering photons which are reflected and transmitted to the side surface 6 of the scintillation crystal 1, so that the light collection rate is improved. Gamma incident light 8 is emitted from the bottom surface 7 of the scintillation crystal 1, the scintillation crystal 1 is a type of energy converter capable of converting high-energy rays into visible light, the gamma incident light 8 is converted into the visible light through the scintillation crystal 1, a layer of optical grease 3 is coated between the light guide device 4 and the photoelectric conversion device 2, the optical grease 3 has high light transmittance and has the function of fixedly bonding the light guide device 4 and the photoelectric conversion device 2, the visible light is absorbed by the photoelectric conversion device 2 through the optical grease 3 and is converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is an actually measurable signal. Then, a simulation matrix of the detector is established, and then the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process is carried out, so that the interference of non-full-energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of the gamma incident light 8 with different incident energy can be removed, and particularly the resolution of the full-energy peak of the corresponding nuclide can be highlighted. The deconvolution method belongs to the category of numerical analysis methods, has a plurality of processing methods, benefits from the fact that the simulation matrix of the detector is in lower triangular distribution, so an iterative method is introduced for processing, and comprises the steps of establishing the simulation matrix of the detector and performing deconvolution spectrum analysis of an energy spectrum, wherein regarding the establishment of the simulation matrix of the scintillation crystal detector, firstly, a simulation model needs to be established by a computer, meanwhile, gamma incident light 8 with different energies is used for actually measuring the energy spectrum, and experimental results and simulation results are compared to optimize simulation model parameters. Actual measurement of energy Spectrum (O)i) Is the original incident energy spectrum (I) after deconvolution multiplied by the response matrix established by the scintillation crystal detectorj) The mathematical relation formula is as follows:
[Ri1Ri2...Rij]＝VUNITi
Rij＝VUNITi(j)
in the above mathematical relation formula OiFor actually measuring the energy spectrum, RijObtained for the detector response matrix by simulation calculation, IjFor the original incident energy spectrum, R when j > i ij0 thus RijThe specific presentation form is a lower triangular matrix, and the scintillation crystal detector response matrix is established in a mode that firstly, actually measured energy spectrums are compared with simulated energy spectrums, simulation parameters are optimized, and the truest simulation scene is established. Then, the energy simulation of the gamma incident ray 8 with different incident energies is carried out, namely, each vector element I of each original incident energy spectrum is simulated and simulatedjEstablishing response matrixes (R) of the scintillation crystal detector in different energy intervalsij). Regarding the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process, firstly reading a response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector and an actually measured energy spectrum, then entering iteration for circulation, starting from the highest channel number of the original energy spectrum after measurement and deconvolution and sequentially decreasing i and j, and reading an ith row energy response vector VUNIT of the response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector. Reading the ith value (O) of the measured energy spectrumi) And divided by the j-th element (R) in the i-th row energy response vector VUNITij) To calculate the jth value in the original incident energy spectrum and store it in the original energy spectrum after deconvolution. Entering another energy channel iteration for circulation, increasing the j value from the lowest energy channel to the highest energy channel of the energy spectrum, calculating the contribution of the energy of the j number value in the original incident energy spectrum in different energy channels in the actually measured energy spectrometer, and subtracting the contribution value of the j number energy in the original incident energy spectrum in each energy channel from the energy value of each channel of the actually measured energy spectrometer, so as to obtain the deconvolution energy spectrum result of the original incident energy spectrometer aiming at the energy value of the highest energy channel; re-entering the i, j decreasing loop until the actual measurement is reachedThe lowest energy trace of the energy spectrum and the original incident energy spectrum. Therefore, the interference of non-full energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of the gamma incident light 8 with different incident energies can be removed, the detection energy resolution is effectively improved, particularly the resolution of the full energy peak of the corresponding nuclide is highlighted, and meanwhile, the nuclide identification capability of the crystal detector is enhanced. FIG. 4 is a gamma energy spectrum directly measured without spectral deconvolution, and Cs can be visually observed137Has a peak value of 3.9counts, Na22The peak value of (1) is 7.9counts, and fig. 5 shows a gamma energy spectrum subjected to spectrum deconvolution, which can be visually observed under the same coordinate system when Cs is present137Has a peak value of 28.3counts, Na22Peak of 35.2counts, and comparing fig. 4 and 5, Cs was concluded137(661.6keV) and Na22The full energy peak and the characteristic peak of (511keV and 1.2MeV) are obviously enhanced after deconvolution spectrum analysis, the detection energy resolution is effectively improved, particularly the resolution of the full energy peak of the corresponding nuclide is highlighted, and meanwhile, the nuclide identification capability of the crystal detector is also enhanced.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution is characterized by comprising the following steps,
(1) establishing a simulation matrix of the scintillation crystal detector:
s1: establishing a simulation model by using a computer;
s2: -performing an actual measurement of the energy spectrum using gamma incident rays (8) of different energies;
s3: comparing the experimental result with the simulation result, and optimizing the simulation model parameters;
s4: carrying out energy spectrum simulation on gamma incident rays (8) with different incident energies by using the simulation model after parameter optimization;
s5: establishing response matrixes of the scintillation crystal detector in different energy intervals according to gamma incident rays (8) with different incident energies;
(2) the energy spectrum deconvolution spectrum resolving process aims at removing the interference of non-full energy peak precipitation in the energy spectrum of gamma incident rays (8) with different incident energies:
s1: reading a response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector;
s2: reading an actually measured energy spectrum;
s3: entering iteration for circulation, and sequentially decreasing the i and the j from the actually measured energy spectrum and the maximum channel number of the deconvolved original incident energy spectrum;
s4: reading the ith row energy response vector VUNIT of the response matrix of the scintillation crystal detector, and reading the ith numerical value (O) in the actually measured energy spectrumi) And divided by the j-th element (R) in the i-th row energy response vector VUNITij) Calculating the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum, and storing the jth numerical value in the original incident energy spectrum after deconvolution;
s5: entering another energy channel iteration for circulation, increasing the j value from the lowest energy channel of the energy spectrum to the highest energy channel, calculating the contribution of the energy of the j-th channel value in the original incident energy spectrum in different energy channels in the actually measured energy spectrum, and subtracting the contribution value of the j-th channel energy in the original incident energy spectrum in each energy channel from the energy value of each channel of the actually measured energy spectrum, namely obtaining the deconvolution energy spectrum result of the original incident energy spectrum aiming at the energy value of the highest energy channel;
s6: and re-entering the i, j decrement loop until the lowest energy track number of the energy spectrum is finished.
2. The design method for optimizing energy spectrum resolution according to claim 1, wherein the scintillation crystal detector using the method comprises a detector body, the detector body comprises a scintillation crystal (1) and a photoelectric conversion device (2), the scintillation crystal (1) comprises a top surface (9), a side surface (6) and a bottom surface (7), the top surface (9) is provided with a layer of light guide device (4), the light guide device (4) is connected with the photoelectric conversion device (2), and the outside of the side surface (6) is wrapped with a light reflection film (5).
3. The design method for optimizing energy spectral resolution of claim 2, characterized in that the scintillation crystal (1) is a cylinder or a polygonal cylinder.
4. A design method for optimizing energy spectral resolution as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a layer of optical grease (3) is applied between the light guide device (4) and the photoelectric conversion device (2).
5. A design method for optimizing energy spectral resolution according to claim 2, characterized in that said light guide (4) is zinc oxide.
6. A design method to optimize energy spectral resolution according to claim 2, characterized in that the photoelectric conversion device (2) is a photomultiplier tube (PMT), a silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM) or a photodiode (Photo-diode).
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