CN108660290A - Top and bottom composite argon blowing refining device and method for medium-frequency induction furnace - Google Patents
Top and bottom composite argon blowing refining device and method for medium-frequency induction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Ar] Chemical compound [O].[Ar] VVTSZOCINPYFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及中频感应炉冶炼技术领域，尤其涉及一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of intermediate frequency induction furnace smelting, in particular to an intermediate frequency induction furnace top-bottom combined argon blowing refining device and method.
背景技术Background technique
随着科学技术的发展，对钢铁材料强韧性的要求越来越高。而钢液净化是提高钢材强韧性、改善钢材质量的重要手段，也是国内外钢铁企业追求的目标之一。影响钢液纯净度的夹杂物来源主要有两类，其一来自钢渣、型砂和耐火材料等，称为外来夹杂。其二为再氧化过程和脱氧剂在钢液中作用的化学反应产物，约占钢中夹杂物的80％。而氧化物宏观夹杂(颗粒直径达到10μm以上)是造成钢铁产品表面缺陷和内部缺陷的主要原因。因此，控制夹杂物的数量、尺寸、形态和组成是精炼工艺控制的重要内容。氩气净化、氩氧脱碳、AOD、VOD和LF等精炼工艺已成为生产高纯度钢液的较先进的工艺技术。而AOD、VOD等精炼方法的效果虽好，但设备投资和运行成本极高，不适合众多采用中频感应炉生产钢铁产品中小厂家。With the development of science and technology, the requirements for the strength and toughness of steel materials are getting higher and higher. The purification of molten steel is an important means to improve the strength and toughness of steel and improve the quality of steel, and it is also one of the goals pursued by domestic and foreign iron and steel enterprises. There are two main sources of inclusions that affect the purity of molten steel. One is from steel slag, molding sand and refractory materials, which are called foreign inclusions. The second is the chemical reaction product of the reoxidation process and the action of the deoxidizer in the molten steel, accounting for about 80% of the inclusions in the steel. Oxide macroscopic inclusions (particles with a diameter of more than 10 μm) are the main cause of surface defects and internal defects in steel products. Therefore, controlling the quantity, size, shape and composition of inclusions is an important content of refining process control. Refining processes such as argon purification, argon-oxygen decarburization, AOD, VOD and LF have become relatively advanced technologies for producing high-purity molten steel. Although the effects of refining methods such as AOD and VOD are good, the equipment investment and operating costs are extremely high, and they are not suitable for many small and medium-sized manufacturers who use intermediate frequency induction furnaces to produce steel products.
国内中小型企业和科研院所所采用的炼钢设备主要为中频感应电炉，由于熔炼的钢液量较少，不适宜进行炉外钢包精炼工艺，对各种夹杂物无法有效去除，造成其产品成品率低、质量差、等级低等问题。透气砖广泛应用在大型转炉、钢包和炼铝保温炉中，通过喷粉和吹气的方法来净化钢液，已经成为大型钢铁企业高质量高附加值钢材生产工艺的必备环节。而如何在中频感应炉采用吹氩气技术实现钢液精炼，探索适用于中频感应炉的精炼方法，提高钢材的质量和等级是值得研究的课题。The steelmaking equipment used by domestic small and medium-sized enterprises and scientific research institutes is mainly an intermediate frequency induction furnace. Due to the small amount of molten steel smelted, it is not suitable for the ladle refining process outside the furnace, and various inclusions cannot be effectively removed, resulting in its products. Low yield, poor quality, low grade and other problems. Breathable bricks are widely used in large-scale converters, ladles and aluminum smelting holding furnaces. Purifying molten steel by spraying powder and blowing gas has become an essential link in the production process of high-quality and high-value-added steel in large-scale iron and steel enterprises. How to use argon blowing technology in the intermediate frequency induction furnace to realize the refining of molten steel, to explore the refining method suitable for the intermediate frequency induction furnace, and to improve the quality and grade of steel are worthy of research.
申请号为201010154922.X的中国专利公开了一种“中频感应炉炉内吹氩气精炼耐磨锰钢的工艺”，包括如下步骤：1)设计制造气体扩散器；2)将气体扩散器安装在中频感应炉底部的中心，并连接吹氩气系统；3)当炉料熔化形成1/3左右的熔池后，采用大功率快速熔炼，从底部扩散器开始向炉内吹氩气；4)根据钢液容量控制氩气压力和流量，使钢液充分去除有害气体及夹杂物并使温度、成分均质化；5)停电镇静，继续吹氩气；6)测温，出钢浇注。吹氩气精炼能有效去除钢液中的气体和非金属夹杂物、能脱硫、脱氧、均匀钢液成分和钢液温度。用该方法可以熔炼出较为纯净的钢液，从而改善钢液冶金质量。但该方法只是从底部吹氩进行钢液精炼容易造成钢液面裸漏与大气接触，导致钢液的二次氧化，从而影响钢液质量及造成合金收得率降低等缺点。The Chinese patent with the application number 201010154922.X discloses a "process for refining wear-resistant manganese steel by blowing argon in an intermediate frequency induction furnace", which includes the following steps: 1) designing and manufacturing the gas diffuser; 2) installing the gas diffuser In the center of the bottom of the intermediate frequency induction furnace, and connected to the argon blowing system; 3) After the furnace material is melted to form a molten pool of about 1/3, high-power rapid melting is used to blow argon gas into the furnace from the diffuser at the bottom; 4) Control the pressure and flow of argon gas according to the capacity of the molten steel, so that the molten steel can fully remove harmful gases and inclusions and make the temperature and composition homogeneous; 5) Calm down after power failure, continue blowing argon; 6) Measure temperature, tap and pour. Refining by argon blowing can effectively remove gas and non-metallic inclusions in molten steel, desulfurize, deoxidize, and uniformize the composition and temperature of molten steel. With this method, relatively pure molten steel can be smelted, thereby improving the metallurgical quality of molten steel. However, this method only blows argon from the bottom to carry out molten steel refining, which may easily cause the exposed leakage of the molten steel surface and contact with the atmosphere, resulting in secondary oxidation of the molten steel, thereby affecting the quality of the molten steel and causing a decrease in the yield of the alloy.
总之，针对现有中频感应炉吹氩精炼方法及装置存在的不足之处，开发出中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼方法及装置，具有重要的实际应用价值，也必将带来显著的经济效益。In short, aiming at the deficiencies of the existing intermediate frequency induction furnace argon blowing refining method and device, the development of a medium frequency induction furnace top-bottom combined argon blowing refining method and device has important practical application value and will also bring significant economic benefits. benefit.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼方法，在常规的中频感应炉上增设顶底复合吹氩精炼装置，并通过合理控制相关工艺参数，实现了中频感应炉中钢水精炼的目的。The invention provides a refining method for compound argon blowing at the top and bottom of an intermediate frequency induction furnace. A top and bottom compound argon blowing refining device is added to a conventional intermediate frequency induction furnace, and through reasonable control of relevant process parameters, the refining of molten steel in an intermediate frequency induction furnace is realized. the goal of.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼装置，包括顶吹装置和底吹装置，其中顶吹装置由喷气枪升降装置、喷气枪、顶吹供气软管、顶吹控制系统、顶吹供气装置组成；底吹装置由底吹透气塞、底吹供气软管、底吹控制系统和底吹供气装置组成；An intermediate frequency induction furnace top-bottom composite argon-blowing refining device, including a top blowing device and a bottom blowing device, wherein the top blowing device consists of an air jet gun lifting device, an air jet gun, a top blowing gas supply hose, a top blowing control system, a top blowing supply The bottom blowing device is composed of a bottom blowing vent plug, a bottom blowing air supply hose, a bottom blowing control system and a bottom blowing air supply device;
中频感应炉炉顶设除尘烟罩，喷气枪穿过除尘烟罩伸入中频感应炉内，喷气枪由喷气枪升降装置带动实现升降动作，喷气枪中心线与坩埚中心线重合；喷气枪通过顶吹供气软管连接顶吹供气装置，顶吹供气软管上设顶吹控制系统；中频感应炉炉底设罩底吹透气塞，底吹透气塞通过底吹供气软管连接底吹供气装置，底吹供气软管上设底吹控制系统；喷气枪中心线、底吹透气塞中心线与坩埚中心线同轴；The top of the intermediate frequency induction furnace is equipped with a dust removal hood, and the air jet gun extends into the intermediate frequency induction furnace through the dust removal hood. The air jet gun is driven by the air gun lifting device to realize the lifting action. The blowing gas supply hose is connected to the top blowing gas supply device, and the top blowing gas supply hose is equipped with a top blowing control system; the bottom of the intermediate frequency induction furnace is equipped with a bottom blowing ventilation plug, and the bottom blowing ventilation plug is connected to the bottom blowing gas supply hose through the bottom blowing gas supply hose. Bottom blowing air supply device, bottom blowing air supply hose is equipped with a bottom blowing control system; the center line of the air jet gun, the center line of the bottom blowing vent plug and the center line of the crucible are coaxial;
所述喷气枪采用单孔喷头外部包裹耐火材料的结构，耐火材料长度为喷气枪总长度的1/2～2/3。The air spray gun adopts a structure in which a single-hole spray head is wrapped with refractory material, and the length of the refractory material is 1/2 to 2/3 of the total length of the air spray gun.
所述底吹透气塞为狭缝式结构，与坩埚配合安装，装配后底吹透气塞顶面高出坩埚内底面5～10mm。The bottom-blowing venting plug has a slit-type structure and is installed in conjunction with the crucible. After assembly, the top surface of the bottom-blowing venting plug is 5-10 mm higher than the inner bottom surface of the crucible.
所述顶吹控制系统、底吹控制系统用于实现吹氩自动控制及氩气流量的在线调节。The top blowing control system and the bottom blowing control system are used to realize automatic control of argon blowing and online adjustment of argon flow.
基于所述装置的一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼方法，包括如下步骤：A method for compound argon-blowing refining on the top and bottom of an intermediate frequency induction furnace based on the device, comprising the following steps:
1)顶吹氩气工艺参数控制：当炉料熔化形成1/3～1/2熔池后，采用大功率快速熔炼并通过顶吹喷气枪向炉内吹氩，氩气流量为0.1～0.3Nm3/min·t、压力0.2～0.5Mpa，直至整个熔炼过程完成；通过顶吹氩气在金属熔池上方形成正压氩气保护，能够防止金属液的二次氧化，同时可提高合金的收得率；1) Top-blowing argon process parameter control: After the furnace material is melted to form 1/3~1/2 molten pool, use high-power rapid melting and blow argon into the furnace through the top-blowing air jet gun, and the flow rate of argon gas is 0.1~0.3Nm 3 /min·t, pressure 0.2-0.5Mpa, until the entire melting process is completed; the positive pressure argon protection is formed above the metal molten pool by top-blowing argon, which can prevent the secondary oxidation of the molten metal and improve the yield of the alloy. Yield;
2)底吹氩气工艺参数控制：当炉料熔化形成1/3～1/2熔池后，采用大功率快速熔炼并通过底吹透气塞向炉内吹氩，氩气流量为0.3～0.6Nm3/min·t、压力0.3～0.6Mpa，直至炉料全部熔化；在金属熔液熔清之后到出炉之前调整底吹氩气工艺参数：氩气流量为0.6～0.8Nm3/min·t、压力0.6～0.8Mpa、时间5～10min，待金属液达到出钢要求时，关闭底吹氩气阀，准备出钢。2) Bottom blowing argon process parameter control: After the furnace material is melted to form 1/3~1/2 molten pool, high power is used for rapid melting and argon is blown into the furnace through the bottom blowing vent plug, and the flow rate of argon gas is 0.3~0.6Nm 3 /min·t, pressure 0.3～0.6Mpa, until the charge is completely melted; adjust the bottom blowing argon process parameters after the molten metal is melted and before it is discharged: the flow rate of argon gas is 0.6～0.8Nm 3 /min·t, the pressure 0.6 ~ 0.8Mpa, time 5 ~ 10min, when the molten metal reaches the tapping requirements, close the bottom blowing argon valve, ready to tap.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1)通过对常规中频感应炉进行改造即增设顶底复合吹氩精炼装置，可实现钢液的全程氩气保护精炼，其设备改造简单、投资少且不影响常规中频感应炉的原有功能；1) Through the transformation of the conventional intermediate frequency induction furnace, that is, adding a top-bottom compound argon blowing refining device, the whole process of argon protection refining of molten steel can be realized. The equipment modification is simple, the investment is small, and the original function of the conventional intermediate frequency induction furnace is not affected;
2)在钢液熔炼过程中实现全程氩气保护，使空气与钢液隔绝，减少合金的氧化，提高了合金的收得率，提高了钢的品质；2) Realize the whole process of argon protection during the molten steel smelting process, so as to isolate the air from the molten steel, reduce the oxidation of the alloy, increase the yield of the alloy, and improve the quality of the steel;
3)在钢液熔炼过程中实现全程底吹氩气搅拌，有利于夹杂物上浮，可有效去除钢中夹杂物，提高钢质洁净度；3) Bottom-blown argon stirring is realized throughout the molten steel smelting process, which is conducive to the floating of inclusions, which can effectively remove inclusions in steel and improve the cleanliness of steel;
4)顶底复合吹氩精炼装置中的顶吹控制系统、底吹控制系统可实现吹氩自动控制及氩气流量的在线调节。4) The top blowing control system and bottom blowing control system in the top-bottom combined argon blowing refining device can realize automatic control of argon blowing and online adjustment of argon flow.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明所述设有顶底复合吹氩精炼装置的中频感应炉的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate frequency induction furnace equipped with a top-bottom composite argon-blowing refining device according to the present invention.
图中：1.喷气枪升降装置 2.喷气枪 3.顶吹供气软管 4.除尘烟罩 5.顶吹控制系统 6.顶吹供气装置 7.中频感应炉 8.坩埚 9.底吹透气塞 10.底吹供气软管 11.底吹控制系统 12.底吹供气装置In the figure: 1. Air jet gun lifting device 2. Air jet gun 3. Top blowing air supply hose 4. Dust removal hood 5. Top blowing control system 6. Top blowing air supply device 7. Intermediate frequency induction furnace 8. Crucible 9. Bottom Air plug for bottom blowing 10. Air supply hose for bottom blowing 11. Control system for bottom blowing 12. Air supply device for bottom blowing
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明：The specific embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
如图1所示，本发明所述一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼装置1，包括顶吹装置和底吹装置，其中顶吹装置由喷气枪升降装置1、喷气枪2、顶吹供气软管3、顶吹控制系统5、顶吹供气装置6组成；底吹装置由底吹透气塞9、底吹供气软管10、底吹控制系统11和底吹供气装置12组成；As shown in Figure 1, a top-bottom combined argon-blowing refining device 1 for an intermediate frequency induction furnace according to the present invention includes a top blowing device and a bottom blowing device, wherein the top blowing device consists of an air jet gun lifting device 1, an air jet gun 2, a top blowing device, and a top blowing device. Air supply hose 3, top blowing control system 5, top blowing air supply device 6; bottom blowing device consists of bottom blowing vent plug 9, bottom blowing air supply hose 10, bottom blowing control system 11 and bottom blowing air supply device 12 composition;
中频感应炉7炉顶设除尘烟罩4，喷气枪2穿过除尘烟罩4伸入中频感应炉7内，喷气枪2由喷气枪升降装置1带动实现升降动作，喷气枪2中心线与坩埚8中心线重合；喷气枪2通过顶吹供气软管3连接顶吹供气装置6，顶吹供气软管3上设顶吹控制系统5；中频感应炉7炉底设罩底吹透气塞9，底吹透气塞9通过底吹供气软管10连接底吹供气装置12，底吹供气软管10上设底吹控制系统11；喷气枪2中心线、底吹透气塞9中心线与坩埚8中心线同轴；The top of the intermediate frequency induction furnace 7 is equipped with a dust removal hood 4, and the air jet gun 2 passes through the dust removal hood 4 and extends into the intermediate frequency induction furnace 7. The air jet gun 2 is driven by the air jet gun lifting device 1 to realize the lifting action. 8 The center line coincides; the air jet gun 2 is connected to the top blowing air supply device 6 through the top blowing air supply hose 3, and the top blowing air supply hose 3 is equipped with a top blowing control system 5; Plug 9, bottom blowing vent plug 9 connects bottom blowing air supply device 12 through bottom blowing air supply hose 10, bottom blowing air supply hose 10 is provided with bottom blowing control system 11; air jet gun 2 center line, bottom blowing venting plug 9 The centerline is coaxial with the centerline of the crucible 8;
所述喷气枪2采用单孔喷头外部包裹耐火材料的结构，耐火材料长度为喷气枪2总长度的1/2～2/3。The air spray gun 2 adopts a structure in which a single-hole spray head is wrapped with a refractory material, and the length of the refractory material is 1/2 to 2/3 of the total length of the air spray gun 2 .
所述底吹透气塞9为狭缝式结构，与坩埚8配合安装，装配后底吹透气塞9顶面高出坩埚8内底面5～10mm。The bottom blowing vent plug 9 has a slit structure and is installed in cooperation with the crucible 8 . After assembly, the top surface of the bottom blowing vent plug 9 is 5-10 mm higher than the inner bottom surface of the crucible 8 .
所述顶吹控制系统5、底吹控制系统11用于实现吹氩自动控制及氩气流量的在线调节。The top blowing control system 5 and the bottom blowing control system 11 are used to realize automatic control of argon blowing and online adjustment of argon flow.
基于所述装置的一种中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼方法，包括如下步骤：A method for compound argon-blowing refining on the top and bottom of an intermediate frequency induction furnace based on the device, comprising the following steps:
1)顶吹氩气工艺参数控制：当炉料熔化形成1/3～1/2熔池后，采用大功率快速熔炼并通过顶吹喷气枪2向炉内吹氩，氩气流量为0.1～0.3Nm3/min·t、压力0.2～0.5Mpa，直至整个熔炼过程完成；通过顶吹氩气在金属熔池上方形成正压氩气保护，能够防止金属液的二次氧化，同时可提高合金的收得率；1) Top-blowing argon process parameter control: After the furnace material is melted to form 1/3~1/2 molten pool, high power is used for rapid melting and argon is blown into the furnace through the top-blowing air jet gun 2, and the flow rate of argon gas is 0.1~0.3 Nm 3 /min·t, pressure 0.2-0.5Mpa, until the entire melting process is completed; the positive pressure argon protection is formed above the metal molten pool by top-blowing argon, which can prevent the secondary oxidation of the molten metal and improve the alloy’s Yield rate;
2)底吹氩气工艺参数控制：当炉料熔化形成1/3～1/2熔池后，采用大功率快速熔炼并通过底吹透气塞9向炉内吹氩，氩气流量为0.3～0.6Nm3/min·t、压力0.3～0.6Mpa，直至炉料全部熔化；在金属熔液熔清之后到出炉之前调整底吹氩气工艺参数：氩气流量为0.6～0.8Nm3/min·t、压力0.6～0.8Mpa、时间5～10min，待金属液达到出钢要求时，关闭底吹氩气阀，准备出钢。2) Bottom-blowing argon process parameter control: After the furnace material is melted to form 1/3-1/2 molten pool, use high-power rapid melting and blow argon into the furnace through the bottom-blowing vent plug 9, and the flow rate of argon gas is 0.3-0.6 Nm 3 /min·t, pressure 0.3～0.6Mpa, until the charge is completely melted; adjust the bottom blowing argon process parameters after the molten metal is melted and before it is discharged: the argon flow rate is 0.6～0.8Nm 3 /min·t, The pressure is 0.6-0.8Mpa, and the time is 5-10min. When the molten metal meets the requirements for tapping, close the bottom blowing argon valve and prepare for tapping.
以下实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。下述实施例中所用方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical solutions of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[实施例][Example]
本实施例是在实验室，利用设有顶底复合吹气精炼装置的500kg多功能实验炉，选定“耐腐蚀焊丝钢”作为冶炼钢种，共进行4组顶底复合吹氩精炼实验，各组实验的钢水装入量均为300kg，具体实施过程及效果如表1、表2、表3所示This embodiment is in the laboratory, using a 500kg multifunctional experimental furnace equipped with a top-bottom compound blowing refining device, selecting "corrosion-resistant welding wire steel" as the smelting steel type, and carrying out 4 groups of top-bottom compound blowing argon blowing refining experiments. The amount of molten steel loaded in each group of experiments is 300kg. The specific implementation process and effects are shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3.
表1：实验方案工艺参数控制情况Table 1: Experimental program process parameter control
表2：顶底复合吹氩精炼夹杂物去除效果Table 2: Inclusion removal effect of top-bottom combined argon blowing refining
注：夹杂物等级最小为0.5，小于2.5即为合格Note: The minimum level of inclusions is 0.5, less than 2.5 is qualified
表3：顶底复合吹氩精炼合金控制效果Table 3: Control effect of top and bottom combined argon blowing refining alloy
从表2、表3可以看出，采用中频感应炉顶底复合吹氩精炼方法，可有效去除钢中夹杂物，从而净化钢液提高钢质的洁净度；同时，采用顶枪弱吹氩可钢液面上方形成一层气体保护层覆盖钢液，可防止钢液的二次氧化，同时可提高合金的收得率。实验中其Si的收得率提高10％以上，Mn的收得率提高5％以上，Cr的收得率提高5％以上，可有效降低炼钢成本。It can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3 that the compound argon-blowing refining method using the top and bottom of the intermediate frequency induction furnace can effectively remove the inclusions in the steel, thereby purifying the molten steel and improving the cleanliness of the steel; A gas protective layer is formed above the molten steel surface to cover the molten steel, which can prevent the secondary oxidation of the molten steel and increase the yield of the alloy at the same time. In the experiment, the yield of Si is increased by more than 10%, the yield of Mn is increased by more than 5%, and the yield of Cr is increased by more than 5%, which can effectively reduce the cost of steelmaking.
总之，采用本发明所述方法可代替炉外钢包精炼工艺，降低能耗及生产成本，可提高钢质的洁净度，能够提高合金的收得率；具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。In a word, adopting the method of the present invention can replace the ladle refining process outside the furnace, reduce energy consumption and production cost, improve the cleanliness of steel, and increase the yield of alloy; it has significant economic and social benefits.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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