CN108653385A - 一种治疗骨病的膏药及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种治疗骨病的膏药及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗骨病的膏药，包括如下重量份数的各组分：植物油1800‑2200份，铅丹900‑1100份；白参片40‑55份，丹参70‑85份，苦参75‑85份，鹿茸片45‑55份，甘草75‑85份，本发明还公开了该膏药的制备方法。本发明的膏药先制膏后下药粉使膏药用药彻底避开三百多度高温，减少了高温下植物药的变性和油药亲合力低药性的流失，并解决了用药粉粘度不够易脱落这个难题，紫铜锅熬膏去掉了铁分子，铁分子超过100度就容易和植物药化学反应。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及膏药技术领域，尤其涉及一种治疗骨病的膏药及其制备工艺。
背景技术
骨病是骨科疾病中最常见的疾病，它主要分为：先天性骨病、代谢性骨病、骨坏死、职业性骨病、地方性骨病、关节退行性骨病、骨肿瘤、骨痈疽、骨结核、骨关节痹证、痿证、筋挛等几大块内容。骨病的病因是：1、原发性骨关节病是由于年龄增长、长期劳累，导致骨关节退行性改变、韧带松弛，肌肉力量下降，关节的稳定性受到影响，关节的周围形成骨刺，从而引起关节炎。2、继发性骨关节病多因关节创伤、发育畸形等导致关节面不平、受力不均而引起本病。
骨病的症状如下：1、风湿性关节炎：风湿性关节炎是一种常见的急性或慢性结缔组织炎症。可反复发作并累及心脏。2、强直性脊柱炎：强直性脊柱炎属风湿病范畴，血清阴性脊柱关节病的一种。该病因尚不明确，以脊柱为主要病变的慢性病，累及骶髂关节，引起脊柱强直和纤维化，造成不同程度眼、肺、肌肉、骨骼病变，属自身免疫性疾病。3、颈椎病：颈椎病又称颈椎综合征，是颈椎骨关节炎、增生性颈椎炎、颈神经根综合征、颈椎间盘脱出症的总称，是一种以退行性病理改变为基础的疾患。主要由于颈椎长期劳损、骨质增生，或椎间盘脱出、韧带增厚，致使颈椎脊髓、神经根或椎动脉受压，导致一系列功能障碍的临床综合征。表现为颈椎间盘退变本身及其继发性的一系列病理改变，如椎节失稳、松动；髓核突出或脱出；骨刺形成；韧带肥厚和继发的椎管狭窄等，刺激或压迫了邻近的神经根、脊髓、椎动脉及颈部交感神经等组织，并引起各种各样症状和体征的综合征。4、腰椎病：医学上所讲的腰椎病，涵盖了“腰椎间盘突出、腰椎骨质增生、腰肌劳损、腰扭伤、腰椎退行性病变、风湿或类风湿性腰痛、腰椎结核、风寒湿性腰痛、瘀血性腰痛、湿热性腰痛、肾虚性腰痛、颈椎病”等疾患。5、肩周炎：肩周炎是以肩关节疼痛和活动不便为主要症状的常见病症。本病的好发年龄在50岁左右，女性发病率略高于男性，多见于体力劳动者。如得不到有效的治疗，有可能严重影响肩关节的功能活动。6、骨质增生：骨质增生症又称为增生性骨关节炎、骨性关节炎(OA)、退变性关节病、老年性关节炎、肥大性关节炎，是由于构成关节的软骨、椎间盘、韧带等软组织变性、退化，关节边缘形成骨刺，滑膜肥厚等变化，而出现骨破坏，引起继发性的骨质增生，导致关节变形，当受到异常载荷时，引起关节疼痛，活动受限等症状的一种疾病。骨质增生分原发性和继发性两种。7、股骨头坏死：股骨头坏死，又称股骨头缺血性坏死，为常见的骨关节病之一。大多因风湿病、血液病、潜水病、烧伤等疾患引起，先破坏邻近关节面组织的血液供应，进而造成坏死。其主要症状，从间断性疼痛逐渐发展到持续性疼痛，再由疼痛引发肌肉痉挛、关节活动受到限制，最后造成严重致残而跛行。激素药亦会导致本病的发生。中医认为疾病发生原因为外因和内因，且内因外因相互作用，使人体阴阳失去平衡，气血的失恒而生疾，亦称“髀枢痹”、“骨痹”、“骨萎”。随着人口老龄化和人类生活与工作方式的改变，骨病呈明显上升趋势。据统计，中老年人中的10-15％患有颈椎病，60-80％的中老年人有过肩腰膝腿疼的病史。换句话说，绝大多数人一生中或迟或早会与骨科疾病发生联系。骨病严重者会导致丧失劳动能力，也可以致残。骨科疾病自古就有诊断困难、病程长、治愈难、治疗方法单一的特点，现有西医西药的治疗方法是手术治疗，手术治疗虽然治愈快，但同时也存在着费用高、易反复、效果差的问题。与西医手术治疗相比，中医一般采用膏药治疗，外用膏药能够直达患处，减轻患者痛苦，深受广大患者和医务工作者的青睐。
目前，现有技术的膏药中在治疗骨病方面或多或少都具有一些功效，但也存在部分组方治疗效果不太明显，有些药物还具有毒副作用。临床上治疗骨病的方法及药物也很多，但是均达不到理想的效果，尤其是手术，风险较大，后遗症较多。在现有技术中，中药配方种类繁多，组方各异，疗效不一。总而言之，目前对于治疗骨病尚无理想的膏药
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种治疗骨病的膏药及其制备工艺。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种治疗骨病的膏药，包括如下重量份数的各组分：植物油1800-2200份，铅丹900-1100份；白参片40-55份，丹参70-85份，苦参75-85份，鹿茸片45-55份，甘草75-85份。
优选的，上述治疗骨病的膏药包括如下重量份数的各组分：植物油2000份，铅丹1000份；白参片50份，丹参80份，苦参80份，鹿茸片50份，甘草80份。
优选的，所述植物油为麻油、菜子油或花生油。
上述治疗骨病的膏药的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)按配方称取白参、鹿茸、丹参、苦参、甘草，粉碎后过筛；
2)在紫铜锅内将武火炼油后，过80目筛网；
3)等油温降至80℃后，按比例与铅丹混合搅拌熬膏，得到基质膏；
4)待基质膏降温至100℃后，将药粉加入到基质膏中，控制温度继续加热搅拌，冷却后采用模具摊敷即得膏药。
优选的，所述步骤1)中药材的过筛目数为120目。
优选的，所述步骤2)炼油条件为武火炼油至320℃。
优选的，所述步骤3)中熬膏条件为按油丹比2:1下丹搅拌，文火熬制至铅丹氧化。
优选的，所述步骤4)中药粉熬制条件为将药粉文火熬制至160℃。
上述治疗骨病的膏药可用于骨折、软组织损伤、无塌陷的骨头坏死、半月板损伤、颈腰椎间盘突出、颈腰椎管狭窄、腰滑脱、筋膜炎、滑膜炎、除类风湿外的各关节炎的治疗。
药理：
铅丹：味辛、咸；性寒；有毒。归心；脾；肝；胆；肾经。具有解毒，生肌，坠痰镇惊的功效，可用于解毒，生肌，坠痰镇惊。治痈疽，溃疡，金疮出血，口疮，目翳，汤火灼伤，惊痫癫狂，疟疾，痢疾，吐逆反胃。
白参：味甘，微苦，性微温。归经为归肺，脾经。具有大补元气、补脾益肺、生津止渴、安神增智的功效。可用于妇女崩漏，产后暴脱，久虚不复；早泄滑精，阴虚盗汗，眩晕头痛；劳伤虚损，食少倦怠，反胃吐食。
丹参：味苦，微寒。归心、肝经。具有活血祛瘀，通经止痛，清心除烦，凉血消痈的功效。可用于胸痹心痛，脘腹胁痛，瘕瘕积聚，热痹疼痛，心烦不眠，月经不调，痛经经闭，疮疡肿痛。
苦参：味苦，性寒。归心、肝、胃、大肠、膀胱经。具有清热燥湿，杀虫，利尿的功效。用于热痢，便血，黄疸尿闭，赤白带下，阴肿阴痒，湿疹，湿疮，皮肤瘙痒，疥癣麻风，外治滴虫性阴道炎。
鹿茸：性温，味甘、咸。归肾、肝经。用于肾虚、头晕、耳聋、目暗、阳痿、滑精、宫冷不孕、羸瘦、神疲、畏寒、腰脊冷痛、筋骨痿软、崩漏带下、阴疽不敛及久病虚损等症
甘草：味甘，性平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。具有补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药的功效。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
膏药的作用原理在基质膏这种有利于中药施放的载体，借用了中药“四气五味”这种独有的功效，在皮肤和皮下基层组织、毛细淋巴小管生理吸收功能的作用下，把这些药物的有效成分直接供给皮下基层、毛细淋巴小管，提高了这两种组织的生理吸收回流功能，被动加快了对伤病处代谢物、瘀血、水肿的吸收回流静脉，促进了伤病周围健康组织细胞的分裂增殖和自身的伤病修复功能的回复，成为了伤病处受伤血管壁还没达到生理物质交换条件前唯一有效通用的方法。
本发明中的有益效果：采用先成膏后下药粉的新型独特的熬制工艺，高温炼油，下药时控制温度，减少了高温下植物药的变性和油药亲合力低药性的流失，同时解决了用药粉粘度不够易脱落这个难题，贴着粘度好、不流不化；采用紫铜锅将膏药的过敏率降至最低，使用模具人工摊敷增强了人工效率并使外观达到机械摊敷外观；药物选用的均是毒性极低的药物，且采用独特熬制工艺打破了孕妇禁用区。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
各组分的配比见表1
表1各组分配比(每份为1.5g)
上述治疗骨病的膏药按一下步骤进行制备：
1)按配方称取白参、鹿茸、丹参、苦参、甘草，粉碎后过筛；
2)在紫铜锅内将武火炼油后，过80目筛网；
3)等油温降至80℃后，按比例与铅丹混合搅拌熬膏，得到基质膏；
4)待基质膏降温至100℃后，将药粉加入到基质膏中，控制温度继续加热搅拌，冷却后采用模具摊敷即得膏药。
步骤1)中药材的过筛目数为120目。
步骤2)炼油条件为武火炼油至320℃，5公斤油熬制至320℃时间为40min。
步骤3)中熬膏条件为按油丹比2:1下丹搅拌，文火熬制至铅丹氧化，5公斤油熬制铅丹氧化需40min。
步骤4)中药粉熬制条件为将药粉文火熬制至160℃，5公斤油熬制至160℃需要60min。
使用时，直接贴于患处即可。
典型病例
1.赵某，女，54岁，滨州市邹平县，腰四五椎间盘突出一厘米，因八年前乳腺癌手术后现肝转移，不能手术治疗，于2016年3月来诊所就诊，生活不能自理，拄双拐走路，通过王氏正骨推拿结合王氏正骨膏药贴治疗两个月后生活自理并能干点家务活.
2.王某，男，40岁，东营市利津县，因工作时躲避高空坠物导致口不能张、四肢无力，手法正复、膏药贴敷，手法正复后即可张口，贴敷膏药两次后症状全部消失。
3.张某，男，42岁，东营市利津县，右胫腓骨下1/3小螺旋骨折经外支架矫正术，术后六个月复查骨折线清晰无骨痂形成，膏药贴敷45天后复查骨折线模糊有明显骨痂行成。
4.陈某，女，滨州，颈椎间盘突出并椎管狭窄引起的左手麻木、右肩不能上举，2013年经过两个月膏药贴敷症状基本消失。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于，包括如下重量份数的各组分：植物油1800-2200份，铅丹900-1100份；白参片40-55份，丹参70-85份，苦参75-85份，鹿茸片45-55份，甘草75-85份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于，包括如下重量份数的各组分：植物油2000份，铅丹1000份；白参片50份，丹参80份，苦参80份，鹿茸片50份，甘草80份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于，所述植物油为麻油或花生油。
4.根据权利要求1-3所述的任意一一种治疗骨病的膏药的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按配方称取白参、鹿茸、丹参、苦参、甘草，粉碎后过筛；
2)在紫铜锅内将武火炼油后，过80目筛网；
3)等油温降至80℃后，按比例与铅丹混合搅拌熬膏，得到基质膏；
4)待基质膏降温至100℃后，将药粉加入到基质膏中，控制温度继续加热搅拌，冷却后采用模具摊敷即得膏药。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于：所述步骤1)中药材的过筛目数为120目。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于：所述步骤2)炼油条件为武火炼油至320℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于：所述步骤3)中熬膏条件为按油丹比2:1下丹搅拌，文火熬制至铅丹氧化。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于：所述步骤4)中药粉熬制条件为将药粉文火熬制至160℃。
9.根据权利要求1-3所述的任意一一种治疗骨病的膏药，其特征在于：所述治疗骨病的膏药可用于骨折、软组织损伤、无塌陷的骨头坏死、半月板损伤、颈腰椎间盘突出、颈腰椎管狭窄、腰滑脱、筋膜炎、滑膜炎、除类风湿外的各关节炎的治疗。
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