CN108643595B - Full-automatic correcting device for cantilever steel beam and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Full-automatic correcting device for cantilever steel beam and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108643595B CN108643595B CN201810700323.XA CN201810700323A CN108643595B CN 108643595 B CN108643595 B CN 108643595B CN 201810700323 A CN201810700323 A CN 201810700323A CN 108643595 B CN108643595 B CN 108643595B
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- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic correction device for cantilever steel beams and a construction method, wherein the device comprises a support frame, a z-direction jack and a jack; the fixing piece of the z-direction jack is fixed at the top of the supporting frame, the bracket of the z-direction jack is fixed with the top, the x-direction jack and the y-direction jack are arranged in the top, the bracket of the x-direction jack is rotatably provided with an x-direction roller for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam, and the bracket of the x-direction jack is also provided with a first motor for driving the x-direction roller; a y-direction roller for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam is rotatably arranged on a bracket of the y-direction jack; the bracket of the y-direction jack is also provided with a second motor for driving the y-direction roller; the key point of the method is that two groups of rollers are used for alternately supporting and pulling the overhanging end so as to realize full-automatic correction. The full-automatic correction device and the construction method can enable overhanging ends of all overhanging steel beams to be aligned in all directions of xyz.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of connection construction of truss type steel structures in civil engineering, in particular to a full-automatic device for correcting deviation of overhanging ends of overhanging steel beams when the overhanging steel beams are installed on profile steel columns of the truss type steel structures and a method for constructing the overhanging steel beams by using the device.
Background
The large-scale stadium adopts a truss type steel structure formed by vertically and horizontally connecting steel cross beams and profile steel upright posts, and in the truss type steel structure, an overhanging type platform for external exploration is often required to be constructed to be used as an overhanging stand or a rain shelter and the like. The concrete construction method is that a row of parallel overhanging type steel beams, namely overhanging steel beams, are fixedly connected to the upper parts of a row of parallel steel upright posts, the outer ends of the overhanging steel beams, namely overhanging ends, are fixedly connected by using outer beams, and finally a stand bottom plate or a glass top plate is paved on a frame between the overhanging steel beams and the outer beams to form an overhanging stand or a rain shelter and the like.
The concrete process of connecting and fixing each overhanging steel beam and a corresponding steel upright post in the prior art is that a steel bracket is firstly fixed at the top of the steel upright post, the vertical surface of the steel bracket is welded and fixed with the outer surface of the steel upright post, the overhanging steel beam is lifted by a crane, the inner end of the overhanging steel beam is placed on the horizontal plane of the steel bracket, the inner end of the overhanging beam is welded and fixed with the steel bracket, in the welding process, the crane continuously lifts the overhanging steel beam to bear most of the gravity, and after the overhanging steel beam and the steel bracket are firmly welded, the lifting rope is separated from the overhanging steel beam.
The connecting process in the prior art has a technical problem that a row of overhanging beams which are supposed to be parallel is uneven in outer ends, namely overhanging ends, some of the overhanging beams are upturned or sagged, some of the overhanging beams are outwards protruded and inwards contracted, and some of the overhanging beams are leftwards biased and rightwards biased, in other words, a coordinate system is established by taking a height direction as a z axis, the overhanging ends of the overhanging beams can have high and low deviation along the z direction, inwards contracted or outwards protruded along the x direction, and left inclination or right inclination along the y direction. The outer edge of the whole overhanging platform is quite unsightly, and the difficulty of subsequent alignment and welding construction of the outer cross beam is further improved.
The reasons for the problems are various, firstly, the error of the final position of the overhanging end is caused by the specific misoperation of constructors, secondly, most of the weight of the overhanging steel beam is still lifted by a crane while the inner end of the overhanging steel beam is welded and fixed, and the overhanging end is lack of effective support, so that the construction difficulty is increased, and the deviation of the overhanging end is further amplified; thirdly, the error of each steel upright is unavoidable in actual construction, the steel upright cannot be completely kept vertical, so that the top of the steel upright is deviated in the inward-outward direction or the left-right direction, the inner ends of the overhanging beams are propped against the top of the steel upright and are welded by taking the steel upright as a reference plane, the reference is deviated, the overhanging ends naturally generate errors, the errors of the top of the steel upright are kept in the acceptable range of construction, and the errors of the overhanging beams with large size and large volume are amplified, finally, the errors of the overhanging ends are reflected at the outer ends of the overhanging beams, and are naturally amplified to the extent that the errors are difficult to look into and unacceptable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a full-automatic correcting device for cantilever steel beams, which can automatically align cantilever ends of cantilever steel beams in xyz directions.
The invention provides a full-automatic correction device for cantilever steel beams, which comprises a support frame, a z-direction jack and a jack; the fixing piece of the z-direction jack is fixed at the top of the supporting frame, the bracket of the z-direction jack is fixed with the top, the x-direction jack and the y-direction jack are arranged in the top, the bracket of the x-direction jack is rotatably provided with an x-direction roller for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam, and the bracket of the x-direction jack is also provided with a first motor for driving the x-direction roller; a y-direction roller for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam is rotatably arranged on a bracket of the y-direction jack; the bracket of the y-direction jack is also provided with a second motor for driving the y-direction roller.
Compared with the prior art, the full-automatic correcting device for the cantilever steel beam has the following remarkable advantages and beneficial effects.
Firstly, a z-direction jack can drive a top to ascend, so that the drooping cantilever end of a cantilever steel beam is lifted to be horizontal, and the z-direction correction is completed; at the moment, two groups of rollers which are mutually perpendicular in the x direction and the y direction are propped against the cantilever steel beam so as to ensure that the cantilever steel beam is locked horizontally and avoid horizontal dislocation when the vertical height is adjusted; then the x-direction jack is driven to descend the x-direction roller, so that the bottom surface of the overhanging end only abuts against the y-direction roller, and the overhanging end is supported on the y-direction roller, so that the y-direction correction can be realized only by driving the y-direction roller to rotate leftwards or rightwards through a motor; similarly, after the y-direction correction is completed, the x-direction roller is lifted to prop against the overhanging end, and then the y-direction roller is lowered, so that the overhanging end is only contacted with the x-direction roller, and the x-direction roller is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the overhanging end is pulled to move along the x-direction, and the correction of the x-direction is realized. Secondly, the device realizes full automation of adjustment, completely does not depend on manpower, can complete all adjustment processes in three directions, has high degree of automation, is more convenient and labor-saving to operate, saves labor cost and reduces labor intensity.
The support frame structure is preferably: the square frame is formed by connecting a plurality of steel frame units in an up-down screwed mode, each unit comprises four vertical rods, four upper beams and four lower beams, the vertical rods, the upper beams and the lower beams form a square frame structure, and each face of the square frame is further provided with a connecting oblique beam, so that a proper number of steel frame units can be selected according to the heights of the steel vertical columns, namely overhanging steel beams, and a supporting frame with a height close to that of the steel frame units is formed.
The plug structure is preferably: the lifting jack is a hollow rectangular shell, a top bottom plate is fixed with a bracket of a z-direction lifting jack, fixing pieces of an x-direction lifting jack and a y-direction lifting jack are fixed on the top bottom plate, one x-direction roller is arranged, two y-direction rollers are arranged, and three roller finished product triangular distribution is realized; the top plate of the top head is penetrated with three long holes for the roller to protrude out of the top head; triangle-shaped article word structure, it is more stable, for the end of encorbelmenting girder steel provides more stable support, and the top cavity can all accept jack, gyro wheel, motor and drive mechanism inside the top, better protection above-mentioned power component also makes the structure compacter reasonable.
The connection relation between each roller and the corresponding jack bracket is preferably that each roller is fixed with a linkage shaft, each linkage shaft is fixed on the corresponding jack bracket through a shaft seat, and each roller and the bracket where the roller is positioned are abutted against each other. The lower end of each roller directly abuts against the jack support seat, and the upper end directly abuts against the bottom of the cantilever steel beam, so that upper load is effectively and directly transferred to the jack, the supportability of the jack is more stable, and the service life of the jack is long.
The connection relation between each roller and the corresponding motor is preferably that the motor shell is also fixed on the jack bracket where the roller is positioned, the output shaft of the motor is provided with a worm, the linkage shaft of the roller is fixed with a turbine, and the turbine and the worm are meshed with each other. The structure is simple, the transmission is stable and reliable, and the motor and the transmission part can ascend and descend along with the jack without interfering the normal abutting function of the roller.
Preferably, the outer end of the top head is fixedly provided with an outer end limiting plate for limiting the cantilever steel beam x to the outermost position, and the outer end limiting plate is higher than the top plate of the top head; like this, when X outwards removes the girder steel of encorbelmenting to the gyro wheel, outer end limiting plate can regard as an effectual judgement basis, when encorbelmenting end and outer end limiting plate and supporting, then X is to correcting and accomplish, this simple structure just judges accurately to the correction of this direction.
As further preferable, two y-direction limiting cylinders are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top, a piston rod of each limiting cylinder is provided with a side limiting plate, when the piston rod extends out to the maximum stroke, the side limiting plates are flush with the side surface of the same side of the top, and each side limiting plate is provided with a distance sensor; therefore, the two distance sensors can detect the distance between the cantilever end and the cantilever end, the distance is the offset side, the side limiting plate on the non-offset side is driven to abut against the same side of the plug, the side limiting plate is used as a judging basis and a reference surface for y-direction correction, when the y-direction roller drives the cantilever end to abut against the side limiting plate, the y-direction correction is completed, and the structure is reasonable in design and accurate and convenient in y-direction correction.
Still more preferably, the top is provided with a mast and a winch, the top of the mast is provided with a hanging beam, two fixed pulleys are respectively arranged at the inner end and the outer end of the hanging beam, a traction rope of the winch bypasses the two fixed pulleys of the hanging beam and is connected with an electromagnetic seat, and a level gauge is arranged on the electromagnetic seat. Therefore, the level gauge can accurately measure whether the cantilever steel beam is horizontal or not, and provides accurate basis for z-direction correction. Moreover, only the electromagnetic seat is required to be lifted or discharged downwards by driving the winch, and the electromagnetic seat is electrified and powered off, so that the electromagnetic seat is adsorbed or separated from the overhanging steel beam, the installation or the disassembly of the level meter can be completed, the assembly and the disassembly processes are simple and convenient, the automation is realized completely, and the repeated recycling of the level meter is convenient.
The correcting device further comprises a main controller, the outer end limiting plates are provided with first pressure sensors, each side limiting plate is provided with a second pressure sensor, and three jacks, three motors corresponding to the three rollers, three pressure sensors and a level are all in signal connection with the main controller. The first sensor can accurately judge whether the X-direction correction is in place, the second sensor can accurately judge whether the Y-direction correction is completed, and more importantly, the main controller is connected with signals of all the components, so that the actions of all the components are more continuous, and the degree of automation is higher.
Still further preferably, the correcting device further comprises a y-direction rail, the rail is in sliding fit with a trolley, the bottom end of the supporting frame is fixed on the trolley, and a bolt type locking device for positioning the trolley is arranged below the overhanging end of each overhanging steel beam. The correction device is high in automation degree and intelligent degree, automatic adjustment in three directions is completely independent of manual operation, and is more convenient and reliable, but corresponding parts are more, the volume and the dead weight are larger, that is, the correction device obtains higher automation and intelligence at the cost of increasing the volume and the dead weight, so that the y-direction track and trolley are provided for reducing the influence of the dead weight and the volume, and the integral movement of the correction device is convenient. Furthermore, since the installation position of each cantilever steel beam is fixed, the locking position of the trolley on the track is also fixed in a grading manner, and therefore, the pin type graded adjusting device is provided.
The invention aims to solve the other technical problem by providing a method for constructing the overhanging steel beam by using the full-automatic correction device of the overhanging steel beam, wherein the overhanging ends of the overhanging steel beams can be kept aligned in all directions of xyz.
The invention provides a method for constructing an overhanging steel beam by using a full-automatic correction device of the overhanging steel beam, which comprises the following steps:
a. fixing a steel corbel on the top of a steel upright, moving the correcting device to a position below a preset position of an overhanging end of an overhanging steel beam to be installed along a track by using a trolley, locking and positioning the trolley by using a bolt, enabling the height of a top to be lower than that of the steel corbel, lifting the overhanging steel beam by using a crane, placing a welding end of the overhanging steel beam on the steel corbel, and placing the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam on the top;
b. the main controller drives a winch at the top head to enable the traction rope to lower the electromagnetic seat and the level to the top surface of the cantilever steel beam, and the electromagnetic seat is electrified to enable the electromagnetic seat to be adsorbed on the top surface of the cantilever steel beam, so that the level is installed;
c. the main controller drives the z-direction jack to enable the jack to lift the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam until the level gauge of the overhanging steel beam reports the level to the main controller; at the moment, one x-direction roller and two y-direction rollers are propped against the overhanging ends of the overhanging steel beam; the overhanging end completes the correction of the z direction;
d. the main controller drives the x-direction jack to drive the x-direction roller to sink and separate from the cantilever steel beam, at the moment, the cantilever end of the cantilever steel beam is only abutted against the two y-direction rollers, the cantilever end of the cantilever steel beam is unavoidably offset along the left side or the right side of the y direction, the two distance sensors of the two side limiting plates on the two sides can measure the distance between the cantilever end and the main controller, and the main controller sends the distance to the main controller, judges that one side with a larger distance is a non-offset side, drives the limiting cylinder on the non-offset side, enables the side limiting plate of the limiting cylinder on the side to be flush with the side surface on the same side as the top, then drives the motor on the y-direction jack, drives the y-direction roller to rotate through the worm and the turbine, and further drives the cantilever end of the cantilever steel beam to swing towards the non-offset side until the cantilever end is abutted against the side limiting plate on the non-offset side, and the second pressure sensor on the side limiting plate on the non-offset side is pressed, and the result is fed back to the main controller, so that the motor on the y-direction roller is driven to be closed; the overhanging end completes y-direction correction;
e. resetting the X-direction jack to enable the X-direction roller to rise and lean against the overhanging end again, driving the Y-direction jack to descend to enable the Y-direction roller to be separated from the overhanging steel beam, enabling the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam to lean against the X-direction roller only, driving a motor on the X-direction jack by a main controller, driving the X-direction roller to rotate through a worm and a turbine, further driving the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam to move outwards until the overhanging end is propped against an outer end limiting plate, enabling a first pressure sensor on the outer end limiting plate to be pressed, feeding a result back to the main controller, and enabling the main controller to close the motor of the X-direction roller; the overhanging end completes correction of the x direction;
e. welding and fixing the inner end of the cantilever steel beam after the modification of the cantilever end with the steel corbel;
f. the main controller cuts off the power of the electromagnetic seat, so that the electromagnetic seat and the overhanging steel beam are not adsorbed any more, the winch is driven reversely, the level gauge is separated from the overhanging steel beam, the z-direction jack is lowered, and the trolley is driven to move to the installation position of the next overhanging steel beam.
The method has the advantages and technical effects that: the two groups of rollers in the x direction and the y direction are in a delta shape to jointly support the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam, the support is stable, and the two groups of rollers are mutually perpendicular to realize self locking, so that the lifting is reliable; the top surface of the cantilever steel beam is provided with a level meter, so that the z-direction correction effect is accurate; when the X-direction correction and the Y-direction correction are carried out, a group of rollers are lowered, and the rest group of rollers play roles in supporting, guiding and traction, so that the process of moving the overhanging end is smooth and labor-saving, and the existence of the outer end limiting plate ensures the accuracy of the X-direction correction; the side limiting plate determines an offset side by comparing the distances, and then drives the side limiting plate on the non-offset side as a basis, so that the accuracy of y-direction correction is ensured; the electromagnetic base of the level meter is connected with the winch and the traction rope, so that the level meter is convenient and reliable to assemble and disassemble; and the connection of the main controller, the two pressure sensors, the jacks and the motor ensures that the method is completely separated from manual work, has high automation and intelligent degree, and is continuous, accurate and reliable in working process.
In conclusion, the method solves the problem of correction of the cantilever end of the large cantilever type steel beam which is always desired to be solved but cannot be solved in the industry, and the correction process is simple, convenient, smooth and quick. In addition, the method has the cost of increasing the whole volume and the dead weight for enhancing the automation and the intellectualization, so the transverse track and the trolley are arranged for compensation, and the movement is convenient. Moreover, the method corrects various errors of the overhanging ends, so that the overhanging ends are aligned and then welded with the overhanging steel beam, and in the welding process, the correction device is always supported at the bottom of the overhanging beam, so that the inner end and the outer end of the whole overhanging steel beam are kept stable, the operation difficulty of subsequent welding is reduced, the probability of construction errors is further reduced, and the welding construction effect is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure in which cantilever steel beams are mounted on steel columns.
Fig. 2 is an exploded structural schematic view of the full-automatic correction device of the cantilever steel beam of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the full-automatic straightening device for the cantilever steel beam.
Fig. 4 is a schematic side sectional structure of a plug of the full-automatic correction device of the cantilever steel beam of the present invention.
The lifting device comprises a supporting frame, a z-direction jack, a lifting head, a 4-x-direction jack, a 5-y-direction jack, a 6-cantilever steel beam, a 7-x-direction roller, a 8-y-direction roller, a 9-first motor, a 10-second motor, a 11-linkage shaft, a 12-steel frame unit, a 13-shaft seat, a 14-outer end limiting plate, a 15-worm, a 16-side limiting plate, a 17-turbine, a 18-limit cylinder, a 19-distance sensor, a 20-mast, a 21-hoist, a 22-hanging beam, a 23-fixed pulley, a 24-electromagnetic seat, a 25-level meter, a 26-track, a 27-steel bracket, a 28-steel upright post, a 29-trolley.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the full-automatic correcting device for the cantilever steel beam comprises a supporting frame 1, a z-direction jack 2, a jack 3 and a main controller. The support frame 1 is formed by up-down screwed connection of a plurality of steel frame units 12, each unit comprises four vertical rods, four upper beams and four lower beams, the vertical rods, the upper beams and the lower beams form a square frame structure, and each surface of the square frame is also provided with a connecting oblique beam. Specifically, four upper beams form an upper square frame, four lower beams form a lower square frame, and four upright posts are positioned at four corners and connected with the upper square frame and the lower square frame. The four corners of each frame are provided with lugs with holes, and the upper frame of each steel frame unit 12 and the lower frame of the upper steel frame unit 12 are in threaded connection through the lugs.
The fixing piece of the z-direction jack 2 is fixed at the top of the supporting frame 1, and specifically, the fixing piece of the z-direction jack 2 is in threaded connection with the lug of the upper frame of the uppermost steel frame unit 12.
The bracket of the z-direction jack 2 is fixed with the bottom plate of the jack 3, and the jack 3 is a hollow rectangular shell. The x-direction jack 4 and the y-direction jack 5 are both positioned in the hollow shell of the plug 3, and fixing pieces of the x-direction jack 4 and the y-direction jack 5 are both fixed on the bottom plate of the plug 3.
An x-direction roller 7 for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 is rotatably arranged on a bracket of the x-direction jack 4, and a first motor 9 for driving the x-direction roller 7 is also arranged on the bracket of the x-direction jack 4; a y-direction roller 8 for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 is rotatably arranged on a bracket of the y-direction jack 5; the bracket of the y-direction jack 5 is also provided with a second motor 10 for driving the y-direction roller 8. The number of the X-direction rollers 7 is one, the number of the Y-direction rollers 8 is two, and the three rollers are distributed in a triangular shape; the top plate of the top head 3 is penetrated with three long holes for the roller to protrude out of the top head 3; one x-direction roller 7 and two y-direction rollers 8 protrude out of the top plate of the top head 3 through respective corresponding long holes.
The connection relation between each roller and the corresponding jack bracket is that each roller is fixed with a linkage shaft 11, each linkage shaft 11 is fixed on the corresponding jack bracket through a shaft seat 13, and each roller is abutted against the bracket.
The connection relation between each roller and the corresponding motor is that the motor shell is also fixed on the jack bracket where the roller is positioned, the output shaft of the motor is provided with a worm 15, the linkage shaft 11 of the roller is fixed with a turbine 17, and the worm 15 of the turbine 17 is meshed with each other.
The outer end of the top 3 is fixed with an outer end limiting plate 14 for limiting the cantilever steel beam 6x to the outermost position, and the outer end limiting plate 14 is higher than the top plate of the top 3. The outer end limiting plate 14 is provided with a first pressure sensor
Two y-direction limiting cylinders 18 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the plug 3, and the cylinder body of each limiting cylinder 18 is fixed with one side surface of the plug 3 through a connecting frame. A side limiting plate 16 is arranged on the piston rod of each limiting cylinder 18, the side limiting plate 16 is flush with the side surface of the same side of the plug 3 when the piston rod extends to the maximum stroke, and a distance sensor 19 and a second pressure sensor are arranged on each side limiting plate 16.
The outer end limiting plate 14 of the top head 3 is provided with a mast 20 and a winch 21, the top of the mast 20 is provided with a transverse hanging beam 22, the inner end and the outer end of the hanging beam 22 are respectively provided with a fixed pulley 23, a traction rope of the winch 21 bypasses the two fixed pulleys 23 of the hanging beam 22 and is connected with an electromagnetic seat 24, and the electromagnetic seat 24 is provided with a level meter 25. The electromagnetic base 24 is additionally connected with a battery and an on-off switch, and the on-off switch is in signal connection with a main controller. The hanging beam 22 can be automatically telescopic, and the telescopic purpose is to vacate space, so that the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 can be conveniently placed on the top head 3. The expansion and contraction can be matched with an expansion cylinder or a ball screw pair, and the like.
The main controller is preferably a PLC chip, and three jacks, three motors corresponding to the three rollers, three pressure sensors and a level 25 are all in signal connection with the main controller.
The correcting device further comprises a y-direction track 26, the track 26 is in sliding fit with a trolley 29, and the bottom end of the supporting frame 1 is fixed on the trolley 29. A latch locking device for positioning the trolley 29 is arranged below the overhanging end of each overhanging steel beam 6. That is, the cart 29 is provided with a pin hole, and the rail 26 is provided with a via hole, and a plug is inserted into the pin hole through the via hole to lock the cart 29.
Of course, considering that the cart 29 needs to bear huge weight, the steel rail 26 is hard to bear, so the cart 29 can be directly placed on the ground or the floor, the rail 26 is two opposite channel steels, one of the two opposite channel steels has the function of being clamped on two sides of the cart 29 to prevent the two opposite channel steels from deviating, the lower flange plate of each channel steel is fixed with the ground or the floor through foundation bolts, and the web plate of the channel steel is provided with a through hole for positioning the cart 29 by bolts.
The method for constructing the cantilever steel beam by utilizing the full-automatic correction device of the cantilever steel beam comprises the following steps.
a. A steel bracket 27 is fixed on top of the steel upright 28, i.e. the vertical face of the steel bracket 27 is welded to the top of one side of the steel upright 28.
Then the trolley 29 is utilized to move the correction device to the position below the preset position of the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 to be installed along the track 26, the trolley 29 is locked and positioned by a bolt, the height of the top head 3 is lower than that of the steel corbel 27, the overhanging steel beam 6 is lifted by a crane, the inner end, namely the welding end, of the overhanging steel beam 6 is placed on the steel corbel 27, and the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 is placed on the top head 3; since the plug 3 is lower than the steel corbel 27, the overhanging end sags.
b. The main controller drives the winch 21 at the top head 3, so that the traction rope lowers the electromagnetic seat 24 and the level gauge 25 to the top surface of the cantilever steel beam 6, the electromagnetic seat 24 is electrified, the electromagnetic seat 24 is adsorbed on the top surface of the cantilever steel beam 6, and the level gauge 25 is installed.
c. The main controller drives the z-direction jack 2 to enable the jacking head 3 to lift the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 until the level gauge 25 of the overhanging steel beam 6 reports the level to the main controller; at the moment, one x-direction roller 7 and two y-direction rollers 8 are abutted against overhanging ends of the overhanging steel beam 6; the overhanging end completes the correction of the z direction.
d. The main controller drives the x-direction jack 4 to drive the x-direction rollers 7 to sink and separate from the cantilever steel beams 6, at the moment, the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beams 6 are only abutted against the two y-direction rollers 8, the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beams 6 are unavoidably offset along the left side or the right side of the y direction, two distance sensors 19 of the two side limiting plates 16 on the two sides can measure the distance between the cantilever ends and send the distance to the main controller, the main controller judges that one side with the larger distance is a non-offset side, and drives a limiting cylinder 18 on the non-offset side, so that the side limiting plate 16 of the limiting cylinder 18 on the side is flush with the side of the jack 3, namely the side surface on the non-offset side, to serve as a corrected reference surface, then drives a motor on the y-direction jack 5 corresponding to the y-direction rollers 8 to rotate through a worm 15 and a turbine 17, and drives the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beams 6 to swing towards the non-offset side until the cantilever ends abut against the side limiting plates 16 on the non-offset side limiting plates 16, and a second pressure on the side limiting plates 16 on the non-offset side is judged to be the non-offset side, and the second pressure sensor is fed back to the main controller, and the main controller is turned off to the result; the overhanging end completes the correction of the y direction.
e. Resetting the x-direction jack 4 to enable the x-direction roller 7 to rise and lean against the overhanging end again, driving the y-direction jack 5 to descend to enable the y-direction roller 8 to be separated from the overhanging steel beam 6, enabling the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 to lean against the x-direction roller 7 only, driving a motor on the x-direction jack 4 by a main controller, driving the x-direction roller 7 to rotate through a worm 15 and a turbine 17, further driving the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam 6 to move outwards until the overhanging end is propped against an outer end limiting plate 14, enabling a first pressure sensor on the outer end limiting plate 14 to be pressed, feeding a result back to the main controller, and enabling the main controller to close the motor of the x-direction roller 7; the overhanging end completes correction in the x direction.
e. The inner end of the cantilever steel beam 6 after the modification of the cantilever end is welded and fixed with a steel bracket 27; after correction, the inner end of the cantilever steel beam 6 may not be horizontal to the top surface of the steel bracket 27, even the inner end of the cantilever steel beam 6 and the steel upright 28 are not abutted any more, but only a cushion block is added between the steel bracket 27 and the cantilever steel beam 6 and between the cantilever steel beam 6 and the steel upright 28, and then the steel bracket is welded.
f. The main controller cuts off the power to the electromagnetic seat 24, so that the electromagnetic seat 24 and the cantilever steel beam 6 are not adsorbed any more, the winch 21 is driven reversely, the level gauge 25 is separated from the cantilever steel beam 6, the z-direction jack 2 is lowered, and the trolley 29 is driven to move to the installation position of the next cantilever steel beam 6.
Claims (6)
1. A full-automatic orthotic devices of girder steel encorbelments which characterized in that: the device comprises a supporting frame (1), a z-direction jack (2) and a plug (3); the fixing piece of the z-direction jack (2) is fixed at the top of the supporting frame (1), the bracket of the z-direction jack (2) is fixed with the jack (3), the x-direction jack (4) and the y-direction jack (5) are arranged in the jack (3), the bracket of the x-direction jack (4) is rotatably provided with an x-direction roller (7) for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6), and the bracket of the x-direction jack (4) is also provided with a first motor (9) for driving the x-direction roller (7); a y-direction roller (8) for supporting the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6) is rotatably arranged on a bracket of the y-direction jack (5); a second motor (10) for driving the y-direction roller (8) is also arranged on the bracket of the y-direction jack (5);
the outer end of the top head (3) is fixedly provided with an outer end limiting plate (14) for limiting the cantilever steel beam (6) x to the outermost position, and the outer end limiting plate (14) is higher than the top plate of the top head (3);
two y-direction limiting cylinders (18) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the top (3), a piston rod of each limiting cylinder (18) is provided with a side limiting plate (16), when the piston rod extends out to the maximum stroke, the side limiting plates (16) are flush with the side surface of the same side of the top (3), and each side limiting plate (16) is provided with a distance sensor (19);
the top (3) is provided with a mast (20) and a winch (21), the top of the mast (20) is provided with a hanging beam (22), the inner end and the outer end of the hanging beam (22) are respectively provided with a fixed pulley (23), a traction rope of the winch (21) bypasses the two fixed pulleys (23) of the hanging beam (22) and is then connected with an electromagnetic seat (24), and the electromagnetic seat (24) is provided with a level meter (25);
the device also comprises a main controller, the outer end limiting plates (14) are provided with first pressure sensors, each side limiting plate (16) is provided with a second pressure sensor, and three jacks, three motors corresponding to three rollers, three pressure sensors and a level meter (25) are connected with the main controller through signals.
2. The fully automatic correction device for cantilever steel beams according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame (1) is formed by up-down screwed connection of a plurality of steel frame units (12), each unit comprises four vertical rods, four upper beams and four lower beams, the vertical rods, the upper beams and the lower beams form a square frame structure, and each face of the square frame is further provided with a connecting oblique beam.
3. The fully automatic correction device for cantilever steel beams according to claim 1, wherein: the jack (3) is a hollow rectangular shell, the bottom plate of the jack (3) is fixed with the bracket of the z-direction jack (2), the fixing pieces of the x-direction jack (4) and the y-direction jack (5) are fixed on the bottom plate of the jack (3), one x-direction roller (7) and two y-direction rollers (8) are distributed in a triangular shape, and three rollers are distributed in a finished product shape; the top plate of the top head (3) is penetrated with three long holes for the roller to protrude out of the top head (3);
the connection relation between each roller and the corresponding jack bracket is that each roller is fixed with a linkage shaft (11), each linkage shaft (11) is fixed on the corresponding jack bracket through a shaft seat (13), and each roller is abutted against the bracket.
4. A fully automatic straightening device for cantilever steel beams according to claim 3, characterized in that: the connection relation between each roller and the corresponding motor is that the motor shell is also fixed on the jack bracket where the roller is positioned, the motor output shaft is provided with a worm (15), the linkage shaft (11) of the roller is fixed with a turbine (17), and the worm (15) of the turbine (17) are meshed with each other.
5. The fully automatic straightening device for cantilever steel beams according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the novel cantilever steel beam is characterized by further comprising a y-direction track (26), wherein the track (26) is in sliding fit with a trolley (29), the bottom end of the support frame (1) is fixed on the trolley (29), and a bolt type locking device for positioning the trolley (29) is arranged below the cantilever end of each cantilever steel beam (6).
6. A method of constructing a cantilever steel beam using the fully automatic straightening apparatus of the cantilever steel beam of claim 5, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. fixing a steel bracket (27) at the top of a steel upright post (28), moving the correction device to the position below a preset position of an overhanging end of an overhanging steel beam (6) to be installed along a track (26) by utilizing a trolley (29), locking and positioning the trolley (29) by utilizing a bolt, enabling the height of a top head (3) to be lower than that of the steel bracket (27), lifting the overhanging steel beam (6) by utilizing a crane, placing a welding end of the overhanging steel beam (6) on the steel bracket (27), and placing the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6) on the top head (3);
b. the main controller drives a winch (21) at the top head (3) to enable a traction rope to lower an electromagnetic seat (24) and a level meter (25) to the top surface of the cantilever steel beam (6), and the electromagnetic seat (24) is electrified to enable the electromagnetic seat (24) to be adsorbed on the top surface of the cantilever steel beam (6) so as to finish the installation of the level meter (25);
c. the main controller drives the z-direction jack (2) to enable the jack (3) to lift the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6) until a level gauge (25) of the overhanging steel beam (6) reports the level to the main controller; at the moment, one x-direction roller (7) and two y-direction rollers (8) are abutted against overhanging ends of the overhanging steel beam (6); the overhanging end completes the correction of the z direction;
d. the main controller drives the x-direction jack (4) to drive the x-direction roller (7) to sink and separate from the cantilever steel beam (6), at the moment, the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beam (6) are only abutted against the two y-direction rollers (8), the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beam (6) are inevitably offset along the left side or the right side of the y direction, the two distance sensors (19) of the two side limiting plates (16) on the two sides can measure the distance from the cantilever ends and send the distance to the main controller, the main controller judges that one side with larger distance is a non-offset side and drives the limiting cylinder (18) on the non-offset side, so that the side limiting plate (16) on the limiting cylinder (18) on the side is flush with the side of the same side of the jacking head (3), then the motor on the y-direction jack (5) is driven by the worm (15) and the turbine (17), and the cantilever ends of the cantilever steel beam (6) are driven to swing towards the non-offset side until the side limiting plate (16) on the non-offset side is abutted against the second main controller, and the result is fed back to the main controller; the overhanging end completes y-direction correction;
e. resetting the x-direction jack (4), lifting the x-direction roller (7) and re-abutting the overhanging end, driving the y-direction jack (5) to descend, enabling the y-direction roller (8) to be separated from the overhanging steel beam (6), enabling the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6) to abut against the x-direction roller (7) at the moment, driving a motor on the x-direction jack (4) by a main controller, driving the x-direction roller (7) to rotate through a worm (15) and a turbine (17), further driving the overhanging end of the overhanging steel beam (6) to move outwards until the overhanging end abuts against an outer end limiting plate (14), enabling a first pressure sensor on the outer end limiting plate (14) to be pressed, feeding back a result to the main controller, and enabling the main controller to close the motor of the x-direction roller (7); the overhanging end completes correction of the x direction;
e. the inner end of the cantilever steel beam (6) after the modification of the cantilever end is welded and fixed with a steel bracket (27);
f. the main controller cuts off the power supply to the electromagnetic seat (24) for the electromagnetic seat (24) no longer adsorbs with the girder steel (6) of encorbelmenting, and reverse drive hoist engine (21) accomplishes the separation of spirit level (25) and girder steel (6) of encorbelmenting, descends z to jack (2), and the installation position of the girder steel (6) of encorbelmenting next is gone into to drive dolly (29).
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