CN108608518A - A kind of fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108608518A
CN108608518A CN201611141789.8A CN201611141789A CN108608518A CN 108608518 A CN108608518 A CN 108608518A CN 201611141789 A CN201611141789 A CN 201611141789A CN 108608518 A CN108608518 A CN 108608518A
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fire
layer
heat insulation
water
modified
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李石燕
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
    • C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
    • C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
    • C08K5/3492—Triazines
    • C08K5/34928—Salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/06—Polystyrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J161/00—Adhesives based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J161/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/321—Phosphates
    • C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
    • C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E04F2290/045—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against fire

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for buildings, include water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer, organo-mineral complexing toughening layer and fire-retardant heat insulation layer；Organo-mineral complexing toughening layer is fire-retardant heat insulation type polymer mortar, and group is divided into：Cementitious material S, ceramic microsphere, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, redispersible latex powder, agstone and modified expansible graphite；The group of fire-retardant heat insulation layer is divided into：Modified expandable polystyrene and modified expansible graphite.The fire-retardant heat insulation plate is installed on by way of bonding and being combined with anchoring on metope.The glue performance for the fire-resistant decoration plate that method using the present invention is prepared meets requirements of the national standard, and assigns base material flame retardant property；Moreover, do not interfere with the mechanical property of base material, burst size of methanal is also at E1 grades or more, safety and environmental protection；Meanwhile maintaining the native texture of timber, good decorating effect.

Description

A kind of fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire-resistant decoration plate and preparation method thereof and including the fire proofing of the fire-resistant decoration plate.
Background technology
It is many to the research of timber and wood materials flame retardant treatment at present but existing to wood materials progress flame retardant treatment Method there are various defects.If CN1911613A discloses a kind of Wood fire retardant treatment process, which is by timber It is put into the container of sealing, the container vacuum including timber is handled, then fire resistant fluid is input to by high-pressure pump and is in In the container of vacuum state, after fire resistant fluid reaches saturation state in wood, takes out timber and be dried；The fire resistant fluid contains There are ammonium sulfate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, boric acid and borax.This method is the method for pressure impregnating fire retardant, this to treating of wood side Method there is a problem of certain：(1) fire retardant allows for being dissolved in the water, and impregnates in timber in liquid form, therefore, tree The permeability of kind has a significant impact to its amount of impregnating and the uniformity impregnated；(2) the inorganic based flame retardant majority can not be with timber Chemical bonding is formed, surface precipitation phenomenon is easy tod produce, influences subsequent secondary operation；(3) object of the above-mentioned fire retardant to timber Managing mechanical property, there are harmful effects, and e.g., MOR (static bending strength), MOE (elasticity modulus) are reduced, and brittleness increases；(4) it wants Want to reach higher fire-retardant rank, it is necessary to increase the amount of impregnating of fire retardant matter；(5) the necessary redrying of treated timber, It is easy that timber is made to generate secondary cracking, deformation, loss increases.
When if it is carrying out flame retardant treatment to finished product glued board, the adhesive for being generally employed to produce glued board is phenolic resin Or cyanurotriamide modified urea resin, and gluing oxidant layer has larger impact to the scattering and permeating of fire retardant.If face ply When remaining more fire retardant, product easy tos produce moisture absorption and returns white phenomenon, and subsequent secondary operation can and paint poor performance, if Only to plywood skin veneer flame retardant treatment, expected flame retardant effect is often not achieved, needs to increase aid in treatment or increase to answer Qualifications.
After organic insulation material reaches relevant criterion requirement or increases certain ancillary measure, more it should be emphasized that the entirety of system Fire savety.The evaluation of thermal insulation material fire-protection rating cannot represent system whole fire safety performance or fire occur when Real conditions, the material of certain fire retardant grades is when condition has can vigorous combustion, so we should catch external thermal insulation The emphasis of fire safety problem.The Reaction to fire of only outer heat preservation system entirety is functional, and the make of system is reasonable, Cai Nengbao The fire safety performance of card architectural exterior insulation system is met the requirements, and just has extensive practical significance to engineer application.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide with energy-efficient, high life and high security, high speed of application With the characteristics of novel external wall external thermal insulation plank.The present invention is while making full use of effectively insulating thermal insulation material, by constructing structure It is combined with energy saving, has obtained the outer heat preservation system of higher efficiency.
To the purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of fire-resistant decoration plates, wherein the fire-resistant decoration plate includes blank assemblies and is at least attached to along institute State the flame-retarding adhesive layer of the side surface on blank assemblies thickness direction formed by the adhesive containing flame-retarding adhesive, institute State blank assemblies include at least one layer of Wooden veneer, the flame-retarding adhesive contain water soluble amino resin, dehydration catalyst, at Charcoal agent and adjuvant and with or without water；The dehydration catalyst is selected from ammonium polyphosphate, melamine orthophosphates and three It is one or more in poly cyanamid pyrophosphate；The degree of polymerization of the ammonium polyphosphate is 20 or more, and water-soluble non-combustible ceramic is protected The component and its constituent content of sheath be in mass ratio：Slag micropowder: it inorganic filler: redispersible latex powder: waterglass: helps Agent: gas phase nano silica=1~3: 0.2~1.2: 0.13~0.67: 1~2.3: 0.067~ 0.33: 0.067~0.13；
Organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer is fire-retardant heat insulation type polymer mortar, and component and its constituent content are in mass ratio：Glue Gel material S: ceramic microsphere: hydroxyethylmethylcellulose: redispersible latex powder: agstone: modified expansible graphite= 3~7: 1~2.3: 0~0.06: 0.2~0.8: 0~0.7: 0.5~2.5；
The component and its component of fire-retardant heat insulation layer be in mass ratio：Modified expandable polystyrene: modified expansible graphite
=1: 0.08~0.25.
By said program, it is P.O42.5R cement that the preparation method of the cementitious material S, which is according to mass ratio: 42.5 sulphate aluminium cements: anhydrite=4.6: take P.O42.5R cement, 42.5 sulphate aluminium cements and hard at 1.9: 1 Gypsum is sufficiently mixed uniformly.
By said program, the preparation method of the modification expandable polystyrene is by water, polystyrene mother material, butyl Sodium naphthalene sulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, butane, cumyl peroxide, bromoalkane, antioxidant are according to mass ratio 1.6: 1: 0.03 : 0.002: 0.1: 0.008: 0.01~0.02: 0.003 mixing, temperature be 72 ± 2 DEG C, pressure 0.9 ± 10~12h of impregnation is carried out under the rotating speed of 0.1MPa, 95-100r/min obtains modified expandable polystyrene.
By said program, the preparation method of the modification expansible graphite is by crystalline flake graphite, hydrogen peroxide and smoke nitre
Acid mixing, and stirred rapidly in ice-water bath, until by the reaction system constant temperature at 25 DEG C after reaction is gentle, washing filters, Acetic acid solution is added dropwise and is stirred continuously, reacts 60~120min, washes, filters, drying obtains modified expansible graphite；Or According to quality than crystalline flake graphite: KMnO4=1: KMnO4 is added into crystalline flake graphite for 0.2~0.4 ratio, stirring Uniformly, HClO3 solution is added and 35 DEG C of intermittent stirrings is kept to react 60~120min, then washes, filters, drying Obtain modified expansible graphite.
Each main raw material(s) act as in the present invention：
Modified expandable polystyrene, is expandable high molecular material, is main after its prefoam and secondary frothing forming Heat preserving and insulating material, have lower thermal coefficient；It is wherein added to bromoalkane, is alkyl halide based flame retardant, it can be with burning The living radical raw H2O of OH reactions of generation, makes OH bases and heat largely reduce, to have the function that highly effective flame-retardant；
Modified expansible graphite, is expansion type flame retardant, effect be can generate at relatively high temperatures volume be largely expanded or It generates foam-like material and is covered in surface, form stable heat insulation coating, play isolation air, effectively insulating, to reach To fire-retardant purpose, while according to the difference of conjugate, also CO2 can be generated because heated, the non-flammable compressive gases such as NH3, H2O make height Molecularly Imprinted Polymer is diluted by the fuel gas of thermal decomposition release and is achieved the effect that fire-retardant；
Cementitious material S plays main gelatification, is reacted with water, generates C-S-H, entringite and Ca (OH) 2 etc., improves system Intensity；
Redispersible latex powder, effect are to adjust adhesive property, the rheological property of cementitious material, improve volume stability；
Waterglass, effect are that the silica network layer and hydrated calcium silicate protective layer of stablizing densification are formed with active base-material miberal powder；
Inorganic filler, effect are to be filled in inside cementitious material to play the role of improving intensity；
Ceramic microsphere, a kind of Hollow Inorganic lightweight aggregate, chemical composition based on silica and alundum (Al2O3), have
Grain is thin, hollow, light, heat preservation, high-strength, wear-resisting, high temperature resistant, keeps the temperature the multiple functions such as insulation, flame-resistant insulation；
Aqueous wetting dispersing agent, a kind of inorganic coating auxiliary agent, the moistening for being suitable for inorganic coating are disperseed, and good point of slurry is kept Property and mobility are dissipated, the color development power and gloss of raising coating that can be larger；
Acrylic acid double cyclopentenyl oxygen ethyl ester, a kind of coalescents of inorganic coating, the vitrifying temperature of coating can be reduced in addition, The present invention also provides a kind of fire proofing, which includes base material and is attached at the fire-resistant decoration plate of substrate surface, institute It is fire-resistant decoration plate provided by the invention to state fire-resistant decoration plate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：
The present invention has the advantages that following main compared with prior art：
1) energy-efficient and durability：Fire-retardant heat insulation layer passes through the control to temperature schedule and pressure regime in its preparation process System, improves the accumulation tight ness rating of foam of polymers particle, compared with common common XPS plates and EPS plates, has higher anti- Tensile strength and more low-heat seepage coefficient, and make 22 ± 2kg/m3 of density domination of polymer heat preserving plate.Its thermal coefficient is controllable At 0.030-0.038W/ (mK), better than common EPS plates and XPS extruded sheets (EPS plate thermal coefficients are 0.042W/mK, XPS plate thermal coefficients are 0.038W/mK)；The ceramic microsphere and water solubility being added in organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer are not The gas phase nano silica that combustion ceramic protective layer is added can effectively play composite thermal insulation, radiation protection, anti-aging etc.
Function；
2) high-grade anti-flammability：It is flame-retardant modified that bromoalkane progress is added in foam of polymers masterbatch, in fire-retardant heat insulation layer and has Modified expansible graphite is added in machine-inorganic compounding toughening layer, and devises water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer, further The fire retardant performance of plank is improved, the fire rating of fire-retardant heat insulation layer is pressed GB8426-1996 standards, carried from traditional B2 grades Height arrives B1 grades, and the Principle And Method of Flame Retardation Design of organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer and water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer makes plank integrally prevent fires Rank reaches A grades；
3) organic-inorganic integraty：It is added between fire-retardant heat insulation layer and water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer organic-inorganic Composite toughening layer, toughening modifying improve the cracking resistance of the present invention；Organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer upper and lower interface is by having Machine silicon coupling modifier enhances its adhesion strength with fire-retardant heat insulation layer and water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer respectively, improves The integraty of plank；
4) surface noninflammability：Such as polyacrylate, polyurethane and polyureas used different from the exterior wall of most of the country is easy Organic coating is fired, plank outermost layer applies homemade nontoxic, low stain, Volatile OrganicCompound (VOC) value The water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer for being A grades for 0, fire protecting performance, coating used have quick-drying, without at later stage baking Reason can realize industrialization ready coating.The non-ignitable person's character of coating itself makes plank totality fire-protection rating meet A grades of requirements.
5）Decorative effect is more
Appearance is rich and varied, imitates a variety of decorative forms such as stone material, imitative ceramic tile, imitation wood line and aluminum facade, can meet different clients Individual demand.
6）Security performance is high
Heat insulating decorative board avoids aging obscission caused by traditional chemistry is pasted, in addition from heavy and light using dry construction Mineral wool is A grades of incombustible materials, eliminates security risk.
7）Construction efficiency is high
Traditional exterior-wall heat insulation Finish System construction, general on-site layering are gradually constructed, and the construction time is long, complex procedures, by day Gas factor influences big.The complete dry construction of heat insulating decorative board of the present invention is installed not by weather, seasonal effect, and mounting means is simple and direct, Construction efficiency is 2 times of traditional method or more.
8）Applied widely
Building that is newly-built and repairing, public building, civil buildings can be used, and be not required to carry out building wall cumbersome Pretreatment, especially in the reducing energy consumption to existing building, on the basis of need not handle original building exterior wall, It can construct.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The preparation method of exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board, includes following steps：
1) preparation of modified expansible graphite：With crystalline flake graphite, hydrogen peroxide, fuming nitric aicd, stirred rapidly in ice-water bath, until By the reaction system constant temperature at 25 DEG C after reaction is gentle, after washing, filtering, the acetic acid solution of content >=99.5% is added dropwise And be stirred continuously, 60min is reacted, is washed, is filtered, drying obtains no sulphur and is modified expansible graphite, swelling volume 300- without ash content 350ml/g, wherein crystalline flake graphite, fuming nitric aicd, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid ratio be 5 (g): 12 (ml): 1 (ml): 5 (ml) ；
2) preparation of modified expandable polystyrene：By water, polystyrene mother material, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, butane, Cumyl peroxide, tetrabromobutane, antioxidant BHT are according to mass ratio 1.6: 1: 0.03: 0.002: 0.1: 0.008: 0.013 : 0.003 mixing, 72 ± 2 DEG C, 0.9 ± 0.1MPa of pressure, 100r/min rotating speed under carry out impregnation 12h can obtain；
3) preparation of fire-retardant heat insulation layer：By modified expandable polystyrene feeding vapour pressure 0.2MPa, preheating obtained by step 2) Prefoam is carried out in 70 DEG C of prefoaming machines, it is mixed according to mass ratio 5: 1 with modified expansible graphite after 10h is cured It closes, filling is put into the sheet-forming machine of preheating, and 105 DEG C of steam heating are imported in mould, and holding pressure is 0.13MPa, to carry out Secondary frothing forming waits cooling and demolding after ventilating, and the fire-retardant heat insulation layer 3 of 30mm thickness is made after cutting, and on its surface Spray silane coupling agent shallow layer；
4) preparation of organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer：It is P.O42.5R cement: 42.5 aluminium sulfate water according to mass ratio Mud: anhydrite=4.6: take P.O42.5R cement, 42.5 sulphate aluminium cements and levigate anhydrite fully mixed at 1.9: 1 Conjunction uniformly obtains cementitious material S, then by cementitious material S, ceramic microsphere, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, redispersible latex Powder, agstone, modified expansible graphite are mixed according to 4.3: 1.5: 0.02: 0.6: 0.6: 1.7 ratio of mass ratio It closes, and is uniformly applied on fire-retardant heat insulation layer after water mix, the dosage of mixing water is according to fresh mortar fluidity GB 2419-81 It determines, fluidity is controlled in 165 ± 5mm, thickness 3mm, and in its surface spraying silane coupling agent shallow layer；
5) preparation of water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer：By slag micropowder, inorganic filler, redispersible latex powder, waterglass (modulus n be 2.2), auxiliary agent, gas phase nano silica proportionally 1: 0.29: 0.16: 1.2: 0.068: After 0.13 is sufficiently mixed uniformly, 2mm is sprayed on organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer 2, water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protection is made Layer 1, wherein it is 2: 1 mixing compositions that the inorganic filler, which is talcum powder and mica powder example in mass ratio,；The auxiliary agent is The aqueous wetting dispersing agents of silok7110 and acrylic acid double cyclopentenyl oxygen ethyl ester coalescents of silok companies production are pressed It is that 2: 1.3 mixing form according to mass ratio.
Chemical composition, the physical property of remaining primary raw material of the invention are shown in Table 1-12 respectively.
The fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building implementation process of the present invention is metope base treatment → fire-retardant compound Specialty polymer adhesive mortar → stickup flame-retardant composite insulation material → special anchoring piece anchoring → hook is locally smeared on heat preservation plate material Seam processing, adhesive mortar is located at 1~3cm of edge of flame-retardant composite insulation material and the geometric center of plate；The anchoring Part is metal or high strength plastics anchoring piece, and tensile capacity is >=0.98KN；Thermal coefficient is 0.030-0.038W/ (mk),
The classification of insulating layer material combustion reaches B1 grades, and the classification of plank integral combustion reaches A grades.
The physical property application of above-mentioned fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building, experimental result are shown in Table 13.
Embodiment 2：
1) preparation of modified expansible graphite：According to quality than crystalline flake graphite: KMnO4=1: 0.3 ratio is to scale KMnO4 is added in graphite, stirs evenly, 70% HClO3 solution is added, the ratio that maintenance solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 4 keeps 35 DEG C intermittent stirring reacts 90min, rear to wash, and filters, and drying can be obtained modified inflatable expanded graphite, and swelling volume is 550ml/g2) the preparation of modified expandable polystyrene：By water, polystyrene mother material, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, fourth Alkane, cumyl peroxide, hexabromocyclododecane, antioxidant BHT are according to mass ratio 1.6: 1: 0.03: 0.002: 0.1: 0.008: 0.02: 0.003 mixing, 72 ± 2 DEG C, 0.9 ± 0.1MPa of pressure, 100r/min rotating speed under carry out impregnation 10h can be obtained；
3) preparation of fire-retardant heat insulation layer：By modified expandable polystyrene feeding vapour pressure 0.2MPa, preheating obtained by step 2) Prefoam is carried out in 70 DEG C of prefoaming machines, it is mixed according to mass ratio 4.5: 1 with modified expansible graphite after 10h is cured It closes, filling is put into the sheet-forming machine of preheating, and 105 DEG C of steam heating are imported in mould, and holding pressure is 0.12MPa, to carry out Secondary frothing forming waits cooling and demolding after ventilating, and the fire-retardant heat insulation layer of 40mm thickness is made after cutting, and on its surface Spray silane coupling agent shallow layer；
4) preparation of organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer：It is P.O42.5R cement: 42.5 aluminium sulfate water according to mass ratio Mud: anhydrite=4.6: take P.O42.5R cement, 42.5 sulphate aluminium cements and levigate anhydrite fully mixed at 1.9: 1 Conjunction uniformly obtains cementitious material S, then by cementitious material S, ceramic microsphere, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, redispersible latex Powder, agstone, modified expansible graphite are mixed in 3.7: 1.8: 0.03: 0.5: 0.6: 2 ratios, are mixed with water It is uniformly applied on fire-retardant heat insulation layer after conjunction, the dosage of mixing water is determined according to fresh mortar fluidity GB 2419-81, flowing Degree is controlled in 165 ± 5mm, thickness 3mm, and in its surface spraying silane coupling agent shallow layer；
5) preparation of water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer：By slag micropowder, inorganic filler, redispersible latex powder, waterglass (modulus n be 2.2), auxiliary agent, gas phase nano silica proportionally 2: 0.75: 0.35: 1.75: 0.15: After 0.075 is sufficiently mixed uniformly, 2mm is sprayed on organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer, water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protection is made Layer, wherein it is 3: 1: 1 mixing compositions that the inorganic filler, which is talcum powder, mica powder and titanium dioxide example in mass ratio,；Institute State auxiliary agent be silok companies production the aqueous wetting dispersing agents of silok7110 and acrylic acid double cyclopentenyl oxygen ethyl ester at Film auxiliary agent is that 2: 1.3 mixing form according to mass ratio.
According to the present invention, the main function of the dehydration catalyst is the dehydration carbonization of promotion carbon forming agent, while under high temperature The non-flammable gases generated due to resin decomposition make carbide foaming and intumescing so that form one layer uniformly in combustible surface Expanding layer, completely cuts off external heat and oxygen internally transmits, to achieve the purpose that base material is protected to prevent it from burning.
According to the present invention, the adjuvant can known in those skilled in the art various the fire retardant glue can be improved The flame retardant property of stick, smoke suppressing and the substance for reducing free formaldehyde, under preferable case, the adjuvant is aluminium hydroxide And/or magnesium hydroxide, or for selected from alumina silicate fibre, glass fibre, asbestos fibre, hollow glass microbead, modified silicic acid Boron, expansible graphite, with the one or more and hydrogen in layer silicate, silica, alundum (Al2O3) and urea The mixture of aluminium oxide and/or magnesium hydroxide.
Wherein, the aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide decompose caloric receptivity greatly, and the H2O generated after pyrolytic can play suction Heat effect, the oxide isolation heat and the translocation of oxygen internally of molten condition, and the oxide after decomposition is resistance to High temperature substance, the progress of burning can further be prevented by being attached to combustible surface again.Aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are entire It is not only generated without any harmful substance during fire-retardant, and the product decomposed can also play elimination cigarette while fire-retardant Mist and the effect for absorbing heat.
According to the present invention, the water soluble amino resin can be selected from the various water soluble amino resins of this field routine, Under preferable case, the water soluble amino resin in melamine resin and cyanurotriamide modified urea resin one Kind is a variety of.The various methods that cyanurotriamide modified urea resin used in the present invention is known in the art obtain, the trimerization Cyanamide modified urea-formaldehyde resin can be by commercially available or be prepared, for example, can be according to method disclosed in CN100572445C Cyanurotriamide modified urea resin is prepared.The water soluble amino resin is to have good glue performance and water resistance It is main, while one of the composition for also doubling as fire retardant matter, heat, which can decompose, releases the non-flammable compressive gases such as ammonia, vapor, reduces The heat of combustible surface dilutes the concentration of combustible surface fuel gas, therefore water soluble amino resin is this item hair One of bright crucial component.
The preparation method of the flame-retarding adhesive is not particularly limited in the present invention, for example, by water soluble amino resin, taking off Water catalyst, carbon forming agent and fire-retardant adjuvant and the water selectively contained are uniformly mixed；The dehydration catalyst is selected from It is one or more in ammonium polyphosphate, melamine orthophosphates and melamine pyrophosphate；The ammonium polyphosphate The degree of polymerization is 20 or more, preferably 1000-1500.
Wherein, the dosage of each substance is preferably so that on the basis of the total weight of flame-retarding adhesive, water soluble amino resin Content is 30-70 weight %, and the content of dehydration catalyst is 8-35 weight %, and the content of carbon forming agent is 2-20 weight %, auxiliary The content of auxiliary agent is 2-30 weight %, and the content of water is 0-40 weight %.In the case of further preferably, the dosage of each substance makes It is able on the basis of the total weight of flame-retarding adhesive, the content of water soluble amino resin is 40-60 weight %, dehydration catalyst Content is 10-25 weight %, and the content of carbon forming agent is 5-15 weight %, and the content of adjuvant is 3-20 weight %, and water contains Amount is 0-30 weight %.
According to the present invention, the selection of the type of above-mentioned each component has been described above, and repeats no more herein.
The application method of flame-retarding adhesive of the present invention is to be mixed to get aqueous flame-retarding adhesive with curing agent The mixture is coated on the surface of the material of pending flame retardant treatment by mixture, then will be coated with the flame-retarding adhesive Wood materials assembly and hot-press solidifying.The painting of the mixture of aqueous flame-retarding adhesive and curing agent containing the present invention Cloth amount can be depending on the fire-retardant demand to various different materials, and there is no particular limitation.It in other words, can when unused Directly flame-retarding adhesive provided by the invention will be can be obtained after the mixing of each solid component.
According to the present invention, the mixing of various components can be carried out at the same time and can also carry out step by step, and mixed sequence can't The performance of flame-retarding adhesive to obtaining has an impact, for example, can liquid first be mixed to get for water and water soluble amino resin Water soluble amino resin, then remaining component is uniformly mixed with the water soluble amino resin of the liquid again, or A certain amount of water can also be filled into as needed to meet the needs of coating；After can also directly mixing each component with water It arrives；When in use, the content of water is preferably the 20-30 weight % of the total weight of aqueous flame-retarding adhesive.
There is no particular limitation to mixed temperature and mixed time by the present invention, as long as various components is made to be uniformly mixed i.e.
Can, under preferable case, mixed temperature can be 10-40 DEG C, and the mixed time can be 10-60 minutes.
Flame-retarding adhesive provided by the invention can carry out flame retardant treatment to a variety of materials, especially suitable for wooden material Material, is more applicable for being coated directly onto the surface of single-board materials to carry out flame retardant treatment.
According to the present invention, the blank assemblies include at least one layer of Wooden veneer, and in other words, the blank assemblies can be One layer of Wooden veneer, or multilayer laminated, gluing mutually multilayered wood veneer.
Wherein, the number of plies of the multilayered wood veneer can reach according to the thickness and actual needs of single layer Wooden veneer Flame retardant effect depending on.The thickness of the single layer Wooden veneer is by depending on the wood quality that selects, under normal circumstances, the single layer The thickness of Wooden veneer can be 0.1-5mm, preferably 0.1-1.5mm, further preferably 0.15-1mm.Multilayered wood veneer The number of plies usually can be by 1-30 layers, the preferably 2-20 layers of single layer Wooden veneer is laminated, is bonded to obtain including delta wood The blank assemblies of matter veneer.The Wooden veneer of required thickness can be used that well known to a person skilled in the art various methods to obtain, example Such as, the method for rotary-cut or slicing.The material of the Wooden veneer can be various wood materials, described wooden under preferable case Veneer is coniferous wood or broad-leaved wood, the coniferous wood or broad-leaved wood can and preferably poplar, Eucalyptus, Korean pine, China fir Wood, birch, paulownia, larch.
It is above disclosed to be merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the right of the present invention cannot be limited with this certainly Range, therefore according to equivalent variations made by scope of the present invention patent, be still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board, it is characterised in that include water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer, The thickness of organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer and fire-retardant heat insulation layer, water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer is 0.3-3mm；Organic- The thickness of inorganic compounding toughening layer is 1-5mm；The thickness of fire-retardant heat insulation layer is 30-50mm；Wherein, water-soluble non-combustible ceramic is protected The component and its constituent content of sheath be in mass ratio：Slag micropowder：Inorganic filler：Redispersible latex powder：Waterglass：It helps Agent：Gas phase nano silica=1 ~ 3：0.2~1.2 ：0.13~0.67 ：1~2.3 ：0.067~0.33 ：0.067~0.13 ； Organic-inorganic compounding toughening layer is fire-retardant heat insulation type polymer mortar, and component and its constituent content are in mass ratio：Be gelled material Expect S：Ceramic microsphere：Hydroxyethylmethylcellulose：Redispersible latex powder：Agstone：Modified expansible graphite
=3~7 ：1~2.3 ：0~0.06 ：0.2~0.8 ：0~0.7 ：0.5~2.5 ；The component and its component of fire-retardant heat insulation layer contain It measures and is in mass ratio：Modified expandable polystyrene：Modified expansible graphite=1： 0.08~0.25.
2. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cementitious material It is P.O42.5R cement that the preparation method of S, which is according to mass ratio,：42.5 sulphate aluminium cements：Anhydrite=4.6：1.9 ：1 P.O42.5R cement, 42.5 sulphate aluminium cements and anhydrite is taken to be sufficiently mixed uniformly.
3. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the modification can be sent out The preparation method of property polystyrene is that water, polystyrene mother material, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, butane, peroxidating two is different Propyl benzene, bromoalkane, antioxidant are according to mass ratio 1.6：1 ：0.03 ：0.002 ：0.1 ：0.008 ：0.01~0.02 ： 0.003 mixing is 72 ± 2 DEG C, carries out impregnation 10 under the rotating speed of 0.9 ± 0.1MPa of pressure, 95-100r/min in temperature ~ 12h obtains modified expandable polystyrene.
4. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 3, it is characterised in that the bromoalkane is Tetrabromoethane, tetrabromobutane or hexabromocyclododecane.
5. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the waterglass Modulus n is 2.2 ~ 2.5.
6. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inorganic filler For the mixing of any one or more in talcum powder, mica powder and pigment, wherein the pigment be titanium dioxide, zinc barium powder, The mixing of any one or more in chromate or iron oxide pigment.
7. by the exterior wall fireproof flame retardant type composite thermal insulation decorative board described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the auxiliary agent is aqueous Wetting dispersing agent and acrylic acid double cyclopentenyl oxygen ethyl ester coalescents are 2 according to mass ratio：1.3 mixing compositions.
8. a kind of preparation method of fire-resistant decoration plate, which is characterized in that this method includes that will contain flame-retarding adhesive and curing agent Liquid mixing after be coated on blank assemblies at least side surface at least on the blank assemblies thickness direction and hot pressing Solidification, the blank assemblies include at least one layer of Wooden veneer, and the flame-retarding adhesive is water soluble amino resin, catalytic dehydration Agent, carbon forming agent and adjuvant and the water selectively contained；The dehydration catalyst is selected from ammonium polyphosphate, the positive phosphorus of melamine It is one or more in hydrochlorate and melamine pyrophosphate；The degree of polymerization of the ammonium polyphosphate is 1000-1500；It is described Adjuvant is aluminium hydroxide and/or magnesium hydroxide, or for selected from alumina silicate fibre, glass fibre, asbestos fibre, hollow glass In glass microballon, modified borosilicate, expansible graphite, the silicate with layer structure, silica, alundum (Al2O3) and urea It is one or more with aluminium hydroxide and/or the mixture of magnesium hydroxide.
9. according to the method described in claim 7, wherein the blank assemblies include multilayer laminated, it is wooden mutually to fit Veneer, this method further include being coated with to mix containing the liquid of flame-retarding adhesive and curing agent between two layers adjacent of Wooden veneer Object and hot pressing, solidification.
10. the method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein described to contain flame-retarding adhesive and curing agent liquid mixture Coating weight be 50-500g/m2.
CN201611141789.8A 2016-12-12 2016-12-12 A kind of fine adjustment type assemble type decorative panel for building and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN108608518A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110407542A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-05 福建筑可丽建材科技有限公司 One kind having fire-retardant lightweight wall plate resistant to high temperatures and production method
CN114055572A (en) * 2021-09-06 2022-02-18 德华兔宝宝装饰新材股份有限公司 Inorganic rock facing flame-retardant artificial board and preparation method thereof
TWI885498B (en) * 2022-09-28 2025-06-01 日商大日本印刷股份有限公司 Decorative sheet, resin-impregnated decorative plate and method for producing resin-impregnated decorative plate

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110407542A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-05 福建筑可丽建材科技有限公司 One kind having fire-retardant lightweight wall plate resistant to high temperatures and production method
CN110407542B (en) * 2019-08-21 2022-03-04 福建筑可丽建材科技有限公司 A kind of lightweight wallboard with flame retardant and high temperature resistance and production method
CN114055572A (en) * 2021-09-06 2022-02-18 德华兔宝宝装饰新材股份有限公司 Inorganic rock facing flame-retardant artificial board and preparation method thereof
CN114055572B (en) * 2021-09-06 2023-08-15 德华兔宝宝装饰新材股份有限公司 A kind of flame retardant wood-based panel with inorganic rock decoration and its preparation method
TWI885498B (en) * 2022-09-28 2025-06-01 日商大日本印刷股份有限公司 Decorative sheet, resin-impregnated decorative plate and method for producing resin-impregnated decorative plate

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Application publication date: 20181002