CN108595895A - A kind of method and system for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, belong to heat treatment and field of machining.The present invention be in order to solve the disadvantage that existing system can not Accurate Prediction complexity variation residual stress and propose, including：Thermocouple is set in aluminium alloy element, aluminium alloy element is heated to solid solubility temperature and is kept the temperature uniformly, then is quenched, the temperature change of thermocouple is recorded；The change of temperature field result of aluminium alloy element is generated according to the temperature variations of thermocouple；Change of temperature field result is applied in quenching process stress field model and is calculated, quenched residual stress result is obtained；Quenched residual stress result is imported into molding die analogue system, the residual stress distribution after being molded；Residual stress and deformation prediction is carried out to aluminium alloy element.The present invention is suitable for the residual stress control and forecasting system of aluminium alloy large-sized component manufacture overall process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for predicting the method and system of aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, belong to heat treatment and
Field of machining.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has excellent comprehensive performance, is widely used in aerospace industry.In order to obtain high intensity, Gu
Molten quenching treatment is the important heat treatment procedure of aluminium alloy, prodigious residual stress can be introduced during quenching treatment, to structure
The performances such as dimensional stability, stress corrosion performance, the fatigue strength of part have a great impact, moreover, by blank material residual stress with
And machining stress influences, and is also easy to produce prodigious machining deformation, machining deformation is aerospace structure part manufacturing technology institute
Most one of the outstanding problem faced.Residual stress in regulation and control and prediction aluminium alloy blank material is carried to reducing the machining deformation of component
The performances such as the dimensional stability of high component have great importance.It machines, is needed through excessive from aluminium alloy blank material to component
The differentiation of a process, residual stress is a continuous systematic procedure, and the complicated variation of residual stress is deformed to following process
Control and optimization bring difficulty.Existing system can not Accurate Prediction complexity variation residual stress, can not solve processing become
The problem of being encountered in the control of shape and optimization process.
The residual stress control and forecasting system of overall process, realization pair are manufactured therefore, it is necessary to establish aluminium alloy large-sized component
The stress evolution of aluminium alloy large-sized component carries out continuous, reliable description.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing system can not Accurate Prediction complexity variation residual stress the shortcomings that, and
It is proposed a kind of method of the aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress of prediction, including：
Step 1: thermocouple is set in aluminium alloy element, aluminium alloy element is heated to solid solubility temperature and is kept the temperature uniformly,
It is quenched again, records the temperature change of thermocouple；The temperature of aluminium alloy element is generated according to the temperature variations of thermocouple
Field result of variations；
It is calculated Step 2: change of temperature field result is applied in quenching process stress field model, obtains quenching residual
Residue stress result；
Step 3: quenched residual stress result is imported into molding die analogue system, the residual stress after being molded point
Cloth；
Step 4: carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
The present invention also provides a kind of systems of the aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress of prediction, including：
Change of temperature field computing module, the temperature field for generating aluminium alloy element according to the temperature variations of thermocouple
Result of variations；
Quenched residual stress computing module, for by change of temperature field result be applied in quenching process stress field model into
Row calculates, and obtains quenched residual stress result；
Residual stress calculation module after molding is obtained for quenched residual stress result to be imported molding die analogue system
Residual stress distribution after to molding；
Prediction module, for carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：It can realize and the stress evolution of aluminium alloy large-sized component is carried out continuously, reliably
Description realizes the residual stress Optimum Regulation of large-scale component manufacture overall process, improves component machining deformation and dimensional stability.This
Invention can be with the residual stress after Accurate Prediction aluminium alloy element quenched residual stress and aluminium alloy element molding.And at one
In embodiment, predicted value of the present invention is 13% with experiment test value maximum deviation, illustrates that the present invention can preferably predict that aluminium closes
The golden deformation of member.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress of one embodiment of the invention；
The schematic diagram of temperature measuring equipment in the step of Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention one, wherein A, B, C, D, E, F are setting
In the thermocouple of different location；Hexahedron is the sample of aluminium alloy large-sized component；
The flow chart of the step of Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the invention one or three；
Fig. 4 be the different temperatures of one embodiment of the invention, different surfaces coefficient of heat transfer comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is the specimen temperature variation being calculated according to heat exchange and the experimental results pair of one embodiment of the invention
Than figure；
Fig. 6 is the quenched residual stress analog result of aluminium alloy element and test result pair of one embodiment of the invention
Than figure, wherein Fig. 6 (a) is aluminium alloy element residual stress prediction result figure, and Fig. 6 (b) is) aluminium alloy element residual stress test
Result figure；
Fig. 7 is that the aluminium alloy element of one embodiment of the invention passes through the 2% compressed residual stress of molding deflection
Analog result and test result comparison diagram；Wherein Fig. 7 (a) is aluminium alloy element residual stress prediction result, and Fig. 7 (b) closes for aluminium
Golden component residual stress test result；
Deformation Prediction flow chart in the step of Fig. 8 is one embodiment of the invention four；
Fig. 9 is the deformation of member distribution map of one embodiment of the invention prediction；
Figure 10 is the experiment value and predicted value comparison diagram of the component bottom surface deformation in Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is the flow chart of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：The method for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress of present embodiment, such as Fig. 1
It is shown, including：
Step 1: thermocouple is set in aluminium alloy element, aluminium alloy element is heated to solid solubility temperature and is kept the temperature uniformly,
It is quenched again, records the temperature change of thermocouple；The temperature of aluminium alloy element is generated according to the temperature variations of thermocouple
Field result of variations.
The schematic diagram of thermocouple is set in aluminium alloy element as shown in Fig. 2, cube indicates aluminium alloy element examination in Fig. 2
Sample, thermocouple are inserted in the different location of temperature measuring equipment, can be drawn out in quenching process by the temperature-measuring results of thermocouple
Cooling curve.
It is calculated Step 2: change of temperature field result is applied in quenching process stress field model, obtains quenching residual
Residue stress result.
Step 3: quenched residual stress result is imported into molding die analogue system, the residual stress after being molded point
Cloth.Molding die analogue system is the emulator for simulating mold process, the process of simulation and the result is that program root
Calculating process is carried out according to data.The present invention does not improve the process of software emulation, therefore molding die analogue system can be with
Use existing simulated program.
Step 4: carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
Specific implementation mode two：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：
Stress evolution in quenching process is typically to be unevenly distributed by transient state temperature field in aluminium alloy element during quenching
Caused thermal strain is unevenly distributed and generates.The prediction of quenching stress needs accurate Temperature calculating.Member temperature field
Accurately calculate the calculating dependent on the hardened face coefficient of heat transfer.Quenching process Temperature calculating (step 1) is specially：
Step 1 one, as shown in Fig. 2, thermocouple, thermoelectricity is respectively set in multiple predetermined positions in aluminium alloy element
It is even to be connect with data collecting system, aluminium alloy element is placed in heating device and is heated to solid solubility temperature and keeps the temperature uniformly, with few
Aluminium alloy element is put into medium in the transfer time of 2s and is quenched, the temperature of hardening media is Tc, acquired by data
System records the temperature change of thermocouple.
Step 1 two establishes the three dimentional heat conduction differential equation under rectangular coordinate system
C is specific heat capacity in formula；ρ is density；λ is the coefficient of heat conduction；T is the time；T is temperature.
Primary condition is：
T|T=0=T0(x,y,z)
Boundary condition is：
Wherein subscript s is the bounds of component；For integrated heat transfer coefficient；Tw is the temperature on component boundary；Tc is to be situated between
Matter temperature；Indicate temperature gradient.
Step 1 three is based on finite element method, and FEM meshing is carried out to aluminium alloy element；As shown in figure 3,
Choose an integrated heat transfer coefficientInitial value, utilize finite element method calculate current measurement position next time step
Temperature field then the difference of the theoretical temperatures being calculated and observed temperature is calculated into new heat with genetic algorithm optimization
Current density calculates new temperature field with the heat flow density after optimization, judges whether to meet convergence criterion, if meeting convergence criterion
When stop calculate；Continue iteration if being unsatisfactory for.Integrated heat transfer coefficient hereinInitial value can arbitrarily choose, selection just
Value influences result less, mainly to influence convergence rate.The setting of other documents is referred to when being specifically chosen the value of the coefficient of heat transfer.
The calculating process of this step can be write solution of Temperature program by Matlab and carry out operation.The purpose of step 1 three is to incite somebody to action
The theoretical formula that step 1 two provides carries out operation by exact solution tool, i.e. step 1 two is the model mistake that theorizes
Journey, step 1 three are that the process of operation result is specifically obtained by program statement.
In order to further illustrate present embodiment, it is referred to the coefficient of heat transfer that Fig. 4 illustrates different surfaces, is shown in Fig. 4
The coefficient of heat transfer of upper surface, side, lower surface at different temperatures, it can be seen that see in Three-dimensional Heat-transfer, each table
The coefficient of heat transfer in face is different.In the computational methods of one dimensional heat transfer, the coefficient of heat transfer that sample is assumed to be all surface is all
It is identical, it is different from actual component heat transfer situation.
Step 1 four, be input in finite element analysis software using the surface film thermal conductance of calculating as boundary condition calculate it is big
The change of temperature field of type aluminium alloy element.Finite element analysis software can select ABAQUS softwares.Change of temperature field is depicted as song
Line is cooling curve.As shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is the specimen temperature variation being calculated according to heat exchange and experimental results pair
Than it can be seen from the figure that result of calculation is coincide preferably with experimental results, illustrating that the system can accurately calculate in sample
Temperature field.
Other steps and parameter are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific implementation mode three：The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that：In step 1 three, convergence
Criterion is：
In formula, N is the number of test point；TiFor the measured value of the i-th step；Ti' be the i-th step calculated value.
In calculating process, when f (x) is less than a preset value, that is, think to restrain.For example, when f (x) is less than a pole
Small value (1 × 10-6) when, that is, think that solution procedure restrains, calculating terminates.
Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific implementation mode four：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to three：
Stress evolution in quenching process is typically to be unevenly distributed by transient state temperature field in aluminium alloy element during quenching
Caused thermal strain is unevenly distributed and generates.Materials hot deformation performance and power thermal parameter are to implement the data base of computer simulation
Plinth and boundary condition, accuracy determine the accuracy of prediction result.Quenching process Stress calculation process (step 2) is specific
For：
Step 2 one establishes following formula：
Wherein A1、A2、A3、n1, α, β and n be material constant, Q is deformation activation energy, and T is absolute temperature (K), and R is gas
Constant,For strain rate, σ is flow stress, and Z is Zener-Hollomon parameters；Sinh is hyperbolic sine function.Formula (1)
It is the process of approximate transform to formula (3), therefore A1、A2、A3、n1, α, β and n are can be according to reality during approximate
The product coefficient of situation adjustment, without actual meaning.Such as from formula (1) to the transformation of formula (2), it is therefore an objective to use exp letters
Number (i.e. the nature truth of a matter) goes approximate replacement using σ as the power function of the truth of a matter, this inevitably uses new coefficient in the process
A2Ensure degree of approximation with β, and the occurrence of these coefficients can be solved according to actual conditions.Remaining material constant
It is similarly.Formula (1) to (3) is that formula (4), formula (4) can participate in subsequent arithmetic in order to obtain.
Step 2 two determines material constitutive equation by the UHARD subprograms in finite element analysis software ABAQUS
Justice includes four variables, respectively SYIELD, HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3), SYIELD wherein in UHARD subprograms
For yield stress of the material in isotropic, HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3) are respectively yield stress to straining, deforming
The derivative of temperature, rate of deformation；Being defined detailed process to material constitutive equation is：
By following formula to being solved comprising four variables in UHARD subprograms：
HARD (1)=0 (6)
Parameter alpha, A3, Z, n, Q can be obtained by the high temperature compressed experiment under different rates, different temperatures, by SYIELD,
HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3) are input in finite element analysis software ABAQUS.
The temperature field result that step 1 is calculated is applied to quenching process stress field by step 2 three as boundary condition
It is calculated in model, obtains quenched residual stress result；Wherein quenching process stress field model is finite element analysis software
Existing model in ABAQUS.
Pass through the quenched residual stress analog result of the calculated aluminium alloy element of present embodiment and test result pair
Than figure as shown in Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b), it can be seen that the result of simulation and forecast and the result of experiment test are identical preferable, explanation
This system can accurately predict aluminium alloy element quenched residual stress.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to three.
Specific implementation mode five：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to four：Pass through molding
Method can effectively cut down the residual stress of aluminium alloy large-sized component blank material, effectively reduce the deformation during following process.
Aluminium alloy large-sized component blank material mold process simulation process (step 3) is specially：
Step 3 one imports molding die in finite element analysis software ABAQUS, user by human-computer interaction interface into
Row parameter setting, grid division, according to the assembly information of coining process mold and component in software to aluminium alloy large-sized
Component blank material is assembled；Analogue system carries out all operations of workpiece finite element modeling automatically.
Step 3 two, the file for forming the quenched residual stress result calculated in step 2 import aluminium alloy large-sized component
In the grid model of blank material, mechanic boundary condition and loading condition are applied to component and mold according to molding machined parameters, carried out
Analysis on Stress Field obtains the residual stress distribution after molding；Wherein molding machined parameters include the fixed form of mold, load speed
Rate, load deflection.
Fig. 7 is the compressed residual stress analog result of molding deflection and test result that aluminium alloy element passes through 2%
Comparison, the result of simulation and forecast and the result of experiment test are coincide preferably, illustrate that this system can accurately predict aluminium alloy structure
Residual stress after part molding.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to four.
Specific implementation mode six：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific implementation mode one to five：
Aerolite large-scale component is mostly complicated, size is larger, is difficult in software on the basis of existing technology
Middle realization is to the automation modeling of arbitrary part, adaptive meshing algorithm and Set and Positioning.Integral structure component is added in order to realize
The prediction and compensation of work deformation develop a set of residual stress and deformation forecasting system for typical integral structure component.Machine adds
Work process deformation analysis process (step 4) is specially：
Step 4 one, user select the material of aluminium alloy element by the human-computer interaction interface of finite element analysis software ABAQUS
Material removal region, the information such as machining path and numerical control working process parameter, to the blank material of aluminium alloy element carry out mesh generation and
Boundary condition defines；Analogue system carries out all operations of workpiece finite element modeling automatically.
Step 4 two carries out material removal；Specially：According to machining path, work(is divided by Boolean calculation and grid again
Blank material can be removed, the material removal in the entire process to realize component.
Step 4 three, the function carried out automatically by ABAQUS between blank initial residual stress and forming residual stress close
System transmits.
Step 4 four selects to want the result information of output by human-computer interaction interface, and analogue system can be realized automatically
Extract, export and preserve the information such as the stress field, strain field and deformation of workpiece immediately from destination file.
Fig. 8 shows the deformation of the flow chart component of present embodiment in process mainly due to process
In, with the removal of material, caused by the surface residual stress that the residual stress of blank material discharges and machining introduces, so passing through
The residual stress release of blank material is calculated, then calculates component introducing machining stress in component surface and be coupled
Deformation.
The deformation of member predicted in present embodiment is distributed as shown in figure 9, testing bottom using three-coordinates measuring machine in Fig. 9
The deformation in face.
Figure 10 is the experiment value and predicted value comparison diagram to Fig. 9 midsole facial disfigurements, it can be seen from the figure that the deformation of prediction
It coincide with test result preferable, predicted value is 13% with experiment test value maximum deviation, and illustrating can be preferable using this system
The aluminium alloy element of prediction deforms.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific implementation mode one to five.
Specific implementation mode seven：Present embodiment is being implemented in combination with based on specific implementation mode one to six, flow chart
As shown in figure 11.Wherein quenching process temperature field analysis corresponds to step 1, and quenching process analysis on Stress Field corresponds to step 2, mould
It presses through journey analysis on Stress Field and corresponds to step 3, machining process deformation analysis corresponds to step 4.
Specific implementation mode eight, present embodiment provide it is a kind of for predict aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress be
System, including：
Change of temperature field computing module, the temperature field for generating aluminium alloy element according to the temperature variations of thermocouple
Result of variations.
Quenched residual stress computing module, for by change of temperature field result be applied in quenching process stress field model into
Row calculates, and obtains quenched residual stress result.
Residual stress calculation module after molding is obtained for quenched residual stress result to be imported molding die analogue system
Residual stress distribution after to molding.
Prediction module, for carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
Illustrate the specific function of each module further below：
Change of temperature field computing module is specifically used for establishing the three dimentional heat conduction differential equation, and is based on finite element method,
FEM meshing is carried out to aluminium alloy element；Choose an integrated heat transfer coefficient hcInitial value, utilize finite element method
The temperature field for calculating next time step of current measurement position, by the difference of the theoretical temperatures being calculated and observed temperature
Value, new heat flow density is then calculated with genetic algorithm optimization, new temperature field is calculated with the heat flow density after optimization, is sentenced
It is disconnected whether to meet convergence criterion, if stopping calculating when meeting convergence criterion；Continue iteration if being unsatisfactory for.It is additionally operable to obtain iteration
To surface film thermal conductance as boundary condition be input in finite element software calculate large aluminum alloy component change of temperature field.
Since change of temperature field computing module is the module that can carry out operation automatically, before the module executes operation, need artificial
Thermocouple is respectively set in multiple predetermined positions in aluminium alloy element, and thermocouple is connect with data collecting system, and aluminium is closed
Golden component, which is placed in heating device, to be heated to solid solubility temperature and keeps the temperature uniformly, is put aluminium alloy element with the transfer time less than 2s
Enter in medium and quenched, the temperature of hardening media is Tc, the temperature change of thermocouple is recorded by data collecting system.
Quenched residual stress computing module passes through finite element analysis software for establishing formula (1) to formula (4)
UHARD subprograms in ABAQUS are defined material constitutive equation, include four variables wherein in UHARD subprograms, point
Not Wei SYIELD, HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3), SYIELD be yield stress of the material in isotropic, HARD
(1), HARD (2), HARD (3) are respectively derivative of the yield stress to strain, deformation temperature, rate of deformation.Pass through formula (5) again
To (8) to being solved comprising four variables in UHARD subprograms.Quenched residual stress computing module is additionally operable to become in temperature field
The change of temperature field result that change computing module is calculated, which is applied to as boundary condition in quenching process stress field model, to be carried out
It calculates, obtains quenched residual stress result；Wherein quenching process stress field model is that have in finite element analysis software ABAQUS
Model.
Residual stress calculation module in finite element analysis software ABAQUS for importing molding die after molding, according to people
The parameter of work setting, the grid of division, according to the assembly information of coining process mold and component in software to aluminium alloy
Large-scale component blank material is assembled.It is additionally operable to what the quenched residual stress result that quenched residual stress computing module is calculated was formed
File imports in the grid model of aluminium alloy large-sized component blank material, applies mechanics side to component and mold according to molding machined parameters
Boundary's condition and loading condition carry out analysis on Stress Field, obtain the residual stress distribution after molding；Wherein being molded machined parameters includes
Fixed form, the loading speed of mold, load deflection.
The aluminium alloy that prediction module is used to be selected in the human-computer interaction interface of finite element analysis software ABAQUS according to user
The material removal area of component, the information such as machining path and numerical control working process parameter, carries out the finite element modeling of workpiece.Also use
According to machining path, blank material is removed by Boolean calculation and grid weight partition functionality, to realize the entire of component
Process in material removal.It is additionally operable to carry out blank initial residual stress and forming residual stress automatically by ABAQUS
Between functional relation transmit.It is additionally operable to the result information to be output selected according to user, extracted immediately from destination file,
The information such as output and stress field, strain field and the deformation of preservation workpiece.
The principle of present embodiment is similar to the principle described in specific implementation mode one to seven, and difference place is this reality
The module for applying mode is software program module, can execute operation, operation automatically, be not required to manually perform.But part steps need
It is executed again by module after wanting artificial well in advance preparation, such as it is to need people that thermocouple above-mentioned, which is inserted into the process of workpiece,
What work executed, and program module is the automatic operation carried out after hardware layout.
The present invention can also have other various embodiments, without deviating from the spirit and substance of the present invention, this field
Technical staff makes various corresponding change and deformations in accordance with the present invention, but these corresponding change and deformations should all belong to
The protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that including：
Step 1: thermocouple is set in aluminium alloy element, aluminium alloy element is heated to solid solubility temperature and is kept the temperature uniformly, then into
Row quenching, records the temperature change of thermocouple；The temperature field that aluminium alloy element is generated according to the temperature variations of thermocouple becomes
Change result；
It is calculated Step 2: change of temperature field result is applied in quenching process stress field model, obtains quenching remnants and answer
Power result；
Step 3: quenched residual stress result is imported molding die analogue system, the residual stress distribution after being molded；
Step 4: carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
2. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that
Step 1 is specially：
Thermocouple is respectively set in step 1 one, multiple predetermined positions in aluminium alloy element, and thermocouple is with data acquisition
Aluminium alloy element is placed in heating device and is heated to solid solubility temperature and keeps the temperature uniformly, with the transfer time less than 2s by system connection
Aluminium alloy element is put into medium and is quenched, the temperature of hardening media is Tc, thermocouple is recorded by data collecting system
Temperature change；
Step 1 two establishes the three dimentional heat conduction differential equation under rectangular coordinate system
Boundary condition is：
Wherein subscript s is the bounds of component；For integrated heat transfer coefficient；TwFor the temperature for component boundary；TcFor medium temperature
Degree；Indicate temperature gradient；λ is the coefficient of heat conduction；
Step 1 three is based on finite element method, and FEM meshing is carried out to aluminium alloy element；A synthesis is chosen to change
Hot coefficientInitial value, using finite element method calculate current measurement position next time step temperature field, will count
Then the difference of obtained theoretical temperatures and observed temperature calculates new heat flow density with genetic algorithm optimization, with optimization
Heat flow density afterwards calculates new temperature field, judges whether to meet convergence criterion, if stopping calculating when meeting convergence criterion；If
It is unsatisfactory for, continues iteration；
The surface film thermal conductance that iteration obtains is input to as boundary condition in finite element software and calculates Large size Aluminium by step 1 four
The change of temperature field of alloy components.
3. the method according to claim 2 for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that step
In one or three, convergence criterion is：
In formula, N is the number of test point；TiFor the measured value of the i-th step；Ti' be the i-th step calculated value；Δ T indicates that temperature measures
The difference of value and calculated value；
In calculating process, when f (x) is less than a preset value, that is, think to restrain.
4. the method according to claim 3 for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that step
Two are specially：
Step 2 one establishes following formula：
Wherein A1、A2、A3、n1, α, β and n be material constant, Q is deformation activation energy, and T is temperature, and R is gas constant,For strain
Rate, σ are flow stress, and Z is Zener-Hollomon parameters；Sinh is hyperbolic sine function；
Step 2 two is defined material constitutive equation by the UHARD subprograms in finite element analysis software ABAQUS,
Include four variables, respectively SYIELD, HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3) in middle UHARD subprograms, SYIELD is material
Yield stress in isotropic, HARD (1), HARD (2), HARD (3) be respectively yield stress to strain, deformation temperature,
The derivative of rate of deformation；Being defined detailed process to material constitutive equation is：
By following formula to being solved comprising four variables in UHARD subprograms：
HARD (1)=0 (6)
Parameter alpha, A3, Z, n, Q can be obtained by the high temperature compressed experiment under different rates, different temperatures, by SYIELD, HARD
(1), HARD (2), HARD (3) are input in finite element analysis software ABAQUS；
The change of temperature field result that step 1 is calculated is applied to quenching process stress field by step 2 three as boundary condition
It is calculated in model, obtains quenched residual stress result；Wherein quenching process stress field model is finite element analysis software
Existing model in ABAQUS.
5. the method according to claim 4 for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that step
Three are specially：
Step 3 one imports molding die in finite element analysis software ABAQUS, and user is joined by human-computer interaction interface
Number setting, grid division, according to the assembly information of coining process mold and component in software to aluminium alloy large-sized component
Blank material is assembled；Analogue system carries out all operations of workpiece finite element modeling automatically；
Step 3 two, the file for forming the quenched residual stress result calculated in step 2 import aluminium alloy large-sized component blank material
Grid model in, mechanic boundary condition and loading condition are applied to component and mold according to molding machined parameters, carry out stress
Field analysis obtains the residual stress distribution after molding；Wherein molding machined parameters include the fixed form of mold, loading speed,
Load deflection.
6. the method according to claim 5 for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that step
Four are specially：
Step 4 one, user select the material of aluminium alloy element to go by the human-computer interaction interface of finite element analysis software ABAQUS
Except region, the information such as machining path and numerical control working process parameter carry out mesh generation and boundary to the blank material of aluminium alloy element
Conditional definition；Analogue system is according to all operations for carrying out workpiece finite element modeling automatically for setting the information completed；
Step 4 two carries out material removal；Specially：According to machining path, pass through Boolean calculation and grid weight partition functionality pair
Blank material is removed, the material removal in the entire process to realize component；
Step 4 three, the functional relation carried out automatically by ABAQUS between blank initial residual stress and forming residual stress pass
It passs；
Step 4 four selects result information to be output, analogue system to be believed according to result to be output by human-computer interaction interface
Breath extracts from destination file, exports and preserves the information such as the stress field, strain field and deformation of workpiece immediately.
7. a kind of system for predicting aluminium alloy large-sized component residual stress, which is characterized in that including：
Change of temperature field computing module, the change of temperature field for generating aluminium alloy element according to the temperature variations of thermocouple
As a result；
Quenched residual stress computing module, based on being applied in quenching process stress field model and carrying out by change of temperature field result
It calculates, obtains quenched residual stress result；
Residual stress calculation module after molding obtains mould for quenched residual stress result to be imported molding die analogue system
Residual stress distribution after pressure；
Prediction module, for carrying out residual stress and deformation prediction to aluminium alloy element.
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