CN108592165B - A kind of heat exchange station system optimal control method - Google Patents
A kind of heat exchange station system optimal control method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
Abstract
A kind of heat exchange station system optimal control method, its step are as follows: obtaining heat exchange station essential information；Obtain heat exchange station measured data；System operating analysis is carried out according to measured data, Time-Series analysis and warm sequence analysis including system；System performance parameter calculates, and operation characteristic and inherent characteristic including system calculate；System dynamic mathematical models are created according to the system performance of acquisition；System default parameter is obtained by the open loop experiment of dynamic mathematical models；The emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy is carried out based on creation heating system dynamic mathematical models and apparent heat exchange station optimizes feature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat exchange station control technology field more particularly to a kind of heat exchange station system optimal control methods.
Background technique
Due to the promotion and influence (Urbanization Rate and environmental requirement etc.) of various factors, in the past 20 years, district heating system
Scale gradually expand, maximum multi-source common network system is close to more than one hundred million square metres, and heat exchange station nearly thousand, many heat exchange stations are also realized
Unattended state；Observation and analysis heat exchange station historical data it finds that, heat exchange station quantity of heat given up does not meet heat supply network
Heating power and hydraulic equilibrium target.For example, some heat exchange stations are controlled by secondary network return water temperature, but return water temperature is all
Secondary network diabatic process as a result, this diabatic process had both included controllable diabatic process, it is also various including indoor and outdoors environment
It interferes (uncontrollable), can not accurately obtain return water temperature setting value, and then can not be achieved the accurate of heating load and room temperature
Control.Therefore, how effective and optimal control heat exchange station is very necessary for research, to realize stabilization, the length week of heat exchange station
Phase and efficient operation.
In system operation, heat exchange station more or less available corresponding operation data (transferred in host computer or from
It is obtained in log).These operation (big) data, if it is possible to effectively be analyzed and be applied, obtain personalized heat exchange station
Characteristic to create heat exchange station dynamic mathematical models, and has personalized heat exchange station by this model emulation, research and optimization
Intelligent Control Strategy reaches and meets user indoor temperature demand, optimization operation, energy-saving and emission-reduction and the sustainable ecology for protecting environment
Development.
The operation data of existing heat exchange station is only used as statistical report form mostly, does not play its due operation data function,
Data resource is greatly wasted, causes systematic running cost high, has also ignored heating quality indirectly, give vast heat
User utilizes and damages.
Existing heat exchange station for thermally matched technology mainly include primary net constant flow control, secondary network Water temperature control,
The control of secondary network mean temperature, the control of secondary network return water temperature and the control of the secondary network temperature difference etc..Heat exchange station secondary network circular flow
The overwhelming majority adjusts heat supply using the frequency constant flow method of operation is determined, by adjusting primary net supply water temperature and/or circular flow
Amount, but above-mentioned technology has its restriction condition.Such as:
(1) primary net constant flow control: belong to heat source and concentrate matter adjusting method.The problem is that: 1) each heat exchange station heat
Force characteristic is not compensated by the controls；2) power consumption cannot be reduced by changing circular flow；3) the free heat of user does not have
It is utilized；4) fluctuations in indoor temperature is larger；
(2) heating load secondary network Water temperature control: is adjusted by secondary network supply water temperature.Its disadvantage are as follows: 1) for water temperature
It is related with secondary network circular flow to spend setting value, but circular flow needed for secondary network is not easy accurate determination；2) interior is not accounted for
Freely influence of the heat to heating load；3) fluctuations in indoor temperature is larger；
(3) secondary network mean temperature controls: secondary network supply and return water riser setting value is determined by surveying outdoor temperature,
In this, as heating load Con trolling index.Its shortcoming is that: 1) control system do not carry out indoor free thermal compensation；2) room temperature
It fluctuates relatively large；3) secondary network mean temperature sets the more difficult acquisition of index；
(4) secondary network return water temperature controls: setting secondary network return water temperature value by outdoor temperature, refers to as control
Mark.Its disadvantage are as follows: 1) secondary network return water temperature be all diabatic processes as a result, include noncontrollable factors, therefore, theoretically without
Method obtains secondary network return water temperature setting value；2) secondary network return water temperature variation range is small, and control precision is relatively low；3) by heat supply system
The hysteresis quality of inherent characteristic of uniting and the response of operation characteristic decision systems, caused secondary network return water temperature error；4) room temperature
It fluctuates larger；
(5) the secondary network temperature difference controls: being actually the control of secondary network circular flow, sets secondary network temperature by outdoor temperature
Difference, and as control variable.Its disadvantage are as follows: 1) it is more serious to may cause secondary network hydraulic misadjustment for the larger temperature difference；2) do not have
Consider the ingredient (secondary network mean temperature, directly related to indoor temperature value) of matter in heat；3) free heat utilization is not accounted for；
4) fluctuations in indoor temperature is larger；5) it needs to determine temperature difference setting value according to actual user's property, design parameter and end equipment；
If the monopolizing characteristic of heat exchange station can be directed to, researching and developing has personalized heat exchange station Optimal Control Strategy, can mention
The safety and stability of high heat exchange station guarantees long-term operation, improves system energy utilization efficiency, while can also meet hot use
Family is to heating quality and environmental requirement.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of heat exchange station system optimal control methods.
A kind of heat exchange station system optimal control method, including following steps:
1) heat exchange station essential information, is obtained
The essential information of heat exchange station is as follows:
Heat exchange station practical area of heat-supply service (F, m2), design outdoor temperature (Tod, DEG C), design room temperature (Tzd, DEG C), set
Count primary net circular flow (G1d, T/h), design secondary network circular flow (G2d, T/h), the primary net supply water temperature of design
(Ts1d, DEG C), the primary net return water temperature of design (Tr1d, DEG C), design secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2d, DEG C), design secondary network
Return water temperature (Tr2d, DEG C), secondary network circulation-water pump electric machine efficiency curve, secondary network Circulating Water Pump Efficiency curve, end heat dissipation
Design factor (cht) in the experiment of device heat transfer coefficient；
2) heat exchange station measured data, is obtained
2-1), the heat exchange station measured data of a heating cycle, including time, temperature, pressure, flow, aperture, electricity are obtained
Consumption, water consume, frequency, specifically: time (t, h), outdoor temperature (To, DEG C), room temperature (Tz, DEG C), primary net supply water temperature
(Ts1, DEG C), primary net return water temperature (Tr1, DEG C), secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2, DEG C), secondary network return water temperature (Tr2,
DEG C), primary net control valve opening (V1, %), secondary network water circulating pump frequency (Fr2, Hz), pressure before a web filter
Pressure (Pr2, MPa), secondary net filtration before pressure (Ps1a, MPa), secondary web filter after (Ps1, MPa), a web filter
Pressure (Pr2a, MPa), secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure (Pr2cpout, MPa), primary net circular flow (G1, T/ after device
H), secondary network circular flow (G2, T/h), secondary network refill flow (G2mk, T/h), secondary network water circulating pump power (N2, KW),
1 time/hour of test data interval；
2-2), heat exchange station measured data table is established:
Heat exchange station measured data acquired in above-mentioned steps 2-1) is sent to corresponding position in heat exchange station measured data table,
Establish complete heat exchange station measured data table；
2-3), control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-1), the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-2), control parameter setting value are as follows: before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter
Pressure；
2-3-3), the relationship of outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is indicated by following equation E (1):
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2---------------------------------------------E (1)
Psp- control parameter setting value；
A, b, c- design factor；
To- outdoor temperature, when for obtaining the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter, for sequentially in time from
It is read in heat exchange station measured data table；When for being the real-time detection value of outdoor temperature when obtaining control parameter setting value；
3), system operating analysis
3-1) system running state analysis includes time sequence status analysis and warm sequence state analysis two parts, to judge that system is transported
Row state and control precision；
3-2) judgment basis are as follows: " the heat exchange station measured data table " and system control parameters setting value of foundation；
3-3) time sequence status is analyzed
Time sequence status analysis is to judge that whether system is run stable, surveys number with the relationship of corresponding time by measured data
According to including three temperature, pressure, flow aspects；
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature；
Pressure includes: pressure before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
Analytic process are as follows:
3-3-1) calculate control parameter setting value when real-time outdoor temperature:
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2--------------------------------------------E (1)；
3-3-1-1), real-time outdoor temperature derives from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-3-1-2), the setting value of corresponding control parameter, i.e. Psp are calculated by this formula E (1)；
3-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter
Calculation formula are as follows:
EP=Psp-Pmsd；
In formula, the difference of eP- control parameter setting value and measured value；
Psp- control parameter setting value；
Pmsd- control parameter measured value；
3-3-2-1) pass through step 3-3-1-2) obtain control parameter setting value Psp；
The measured value Pmsd of control parameter 3-3-2-2) is obtained from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；" heat exchange
All data in measured data of standing table " are measured value；
The measured value of Pmsd- control parameter；
3-3-2-3) according to Psp and Pmsd value, r1=Pmsd/Psp value, r1- operating status judgement factor are calculated；
3-3-2-4) system running state determines
As 0.95≤r1≤1.05, it is judged as system normal operation, i.e. stable state；When 0.85≤r1 < 0.95 or
1.05 < r1≤1.15 are determined as that system is operating abnormally；As r1<0.85 or r1>1.15, it is determined as the system failure；
When 3-3-2-5) using time sequence status analysis, the x-axis of chart is the time；Y-axis is the value of r1；
The control parameter of time sequence status analysis 3-3-3) can be used
It is pressure before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter, primary net circular flow, secondary
Net circular flow；For different control parameters, a, b, c value have corresponding value, control parameter respectively are as follows: primary net is for water temperature
Pressure, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before degree, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter；Obtain control ginseng
The formula form of number setting value is the Unified Form of E (1), and coefficient can pass through the measured data in " heat exchange station measured data table "
Fitting obtains.
3-4) warm sequence state analysis
3-4-1) warm sequence state analysis is for the pass between real-time outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value and measured value
It is, thus the control precision of decision-making system that the x-axis in chart is real-time outdoor temperature；Y-axis is control parameter setting value
And measured value；Setting value derives from formula E (1), and measured value derives from " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-4-2) measured data of control parameter includes temperature, pressure, the aspect of flow three, as follows:
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary network return water temperature；Press packet
It includes: pressure before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
3-4-3) analysis method
Pre-set parameter is controlled when 3-4-3-1) calculating real-time outdoor temperature, using formula Psp=a+b*To+c*
To2------E (1)
3-4-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter, calculates r2=Pmsd/Psp value；
3-4-3-3) system control precision determines；
As 0.97=< r2≤1.03, system control precision is normal；When 0.94=< r2 < 0.97 or 1.03 < r2≤
1.06, system control precision is abnormal；As r2<0.94 or r2>1.06, system controls failure；
It is 3-4-4) real-time outdoor temperature for the chart x-axis of analysis；Y-axis is the value of r2；
3-4-5) for control precision judgement control parameter be respectively as follows: primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature,
Pressure, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before secondary web filter；
3-5) system operating analysis
3-5-1) discovery operation aspect there are the problem of: see above time sequence status analysis；
3-5-2) problem existing for discovery control aspect: see warm sequence state analysis above；
3-5-3) in terms of discovering device there are the problem of, it is as described below:
3-5-3-1) analysis data source is in established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-5-3-2) plant issue determines
3-5-3-2-1) primary net and secondary network plugged filter
The judgement of primary net feed water filter blocking:
Pressure >=0.05MPa after-web filter of pressure before web filter, and duration >=1 day when, then
Primary net feed water filter blocking；
The judgement of secondary network graded filter blocking:
Pressure >=0.05MPa after the secondary web filter of pressure-before secondary web filter, and duration >=1 day when, then
The blocking of secondary network graded filter；
3-5-3-2-2) the judgement of primary net regulating valve Selection error:
When the duration>40% of net control valve opening<20% primary within the January, primary net regulating valve type selecting mistake
Greatly；When duration of net control valve opening > 70% primary within the January > 40%, primary net regulating valve type selecting is too small；
3-5-3-2-3) the judgement of secondary network water circulating pump Selection error:
When the duration>40% of secondary network water circulating pump frequency<30Hz within the January, the choosing of secondary network water circulating pump
Type is excessive；When secondary network water circulating pump frequency > 45Hz duration > 40% within the January, the choosing of secondary network water circulating pump
Type is too small；
3-5-3-2-4) the judgement of secondary network water loss problem:
As secondary network moisturizing pump frequency > 40Hz, and when duration > 1 day, illustrate that (pipeline is set secondary network in the presence of leakage
Standby opening, pipeline weld bond snap, compensator damage cracking) lead to dehydration；When secondary network moisturizing pump frequency when 1 is small interior variation width
When degree (increasing or decreasing) reaches 20%, illustrate that there are users to divert heating circulation water phenomenon privately；
4), system performance parameter calculates
4-1) create " Feature Analyzes tables of data "
4-1-1) data source in " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " for needing to create is in " heat exchange station measured data table "；
The data for 4-1-2) including in " Feature Analyzes tables of data " are as follows:
Time h, outdoor temperature DEG C, room temperature DEG C, primary net supply water temperature DEG C, primary net return water temperature DEG C, secondary network
Supply water temperature DEG C, secondary network return water temperature DEG C, primary net circular flow T/h, secondary network circular flow T/h, secondary web filter
Pressure MPa, secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure MPa, power consumption KWH/ days afterwards；The format of these data and " heat exchange station actual measurement
Data format in tables of data " is identical；
4-2) determine the accuracy of actual measurement operation data
The accuracy for 4-2-1) determining actual measurement operation data, passes through the meter of following three check codes (respectively R1, R2, R3)
Result is calculated to carry out；Data in calculating below derive from " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " created；
4-2-2) check code calculates
Formula E (2) are shown in the 4-2-2-1) calculating of check code R1:
R1=G1* (Ts1-Tr1)/[G2* (Ts2-Tr2)] --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -- E (2)
R1- check code 1, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally
R1 out is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；Effect described below
The data format of code R2 and R3 is also chronological array, identical as R1；
Symbolic significance in formula is as follows:
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The primary net supply water temperature of Ts1-, DEG C；
The primary net return water temperature of Tr1-, DEG C；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Ts2- secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
Tr2- secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
Formula E (3) are shown in the 4-2-2-2) calculating of check code R2:
R2- effect code 2, a customized calculating parameter, format is array；
Rm={ [0.5* (Ts2+Tr2)-Tz](1+cht)}/(Tz-To)--------------------------E (4)
The median of rm- mono- calculating effect code R2, a customized calculating parameter, calculation formula are shown in E (4)；Because with
Upper data are chronological array (in addition to cht is numerical value), and the r2 finally obtained is also array, each value in array
Calculated by the measured data of synchronization；
The average value of array rm is a numerical value；
Tz- room temperature, DEG C；
To- outdoor temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is as normal
Numerical value；
1+cht- exponential term；
"/"-division, (Tz-To) are the denominator of entire formula；
" * "-multiplication；
Formula E (5) are shown in the 4-2-2-3) calculating of check code R3:
R3=9810*G2/3600* (Pr2cpout-Pr2a) * 100/em/ecp/103*24/N2------E(5)
R3- effect code 3, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally
R3 out is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Pr2cpout- secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure, MPa；
Pressure after bis- web filters of Pr2a-, MPa；
The adapted electric efficiency of em- secondary network water circulating pump can be obtained according to motor characteristic curve；
The pump efficiency of ecp- secondary network water circulating pump can obtain the water under different circular flows according to pump characteristic
Pump efficiency rate score；
N2- secondary network water circulating pump power consumption, KWH/ days；
In formula: *-multiplication；"/"-division
4-2-3) survey the judgement of operation data accuracy
4-2-3-1) the zone of reasonableness of effect code R1, R2, R3
The zone of reasonableness of R1, R2, R3 are respectively 0.9~1.1,0.8~1.2 and 1.2~1.4；
4-2-3-2) actual measurement ginseng data exception mark
When R1 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G1, Ts1, Tr1, G2, Ts2, Tr2；
When R2 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in Ts2, Tr2, Tz, To；
When R3 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G2, Pr2cpout, Pr2a, N2；
4-2-3-3) processing method when measured data mistake
4-2-3-3-1) when determining that measured data has mistake according to check code, it can be examined using a live table
Comparison is surveyed to confirm that error in data source, compares, table can be used in temperature as ultrasonic flow rate measurement examination can be used in circular flow
Surface thermometer test compares, and gauge measurement comparison on the spot can be used in pressure, and power consumption can be used the test of hand-held ammeter and compare；
4-2-3-3-2) after finding out wrong data source, the data monitoring of corresponding readings mistake is replaced as the case may be
Instrument, to guarantee the accuracy of measured data.Validity test data record item number should be greater than entire heating period same time interval
Data record item number total amount 80%；
4-3) system performance parameter calculates
4-3-1) primary net circular flow ratio rG1, is shown in formula E (6), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1-；
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The primary net circular flow design value of G1d-, T/h；
4-3-2) secondary network circular flow ratio rG2 is shown in formula E (7), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
RG2- secondary network circular flow ratio；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
The average value of secondary network circular flow, T/h；
G2d- secondary network circular flow design value, T/h；
4-3-3) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fex of heat exchanger, is shown in formula E (8), is a kind of inherent characteristic of heating system
Parameter:
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of heat exchanger in fex- heat exchange station；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The average value of primary net supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of primary net return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
Heat exchanger complex heat transfer coefficient under Uexd- design conditions, W/ DEG C (watt/degree)；
4-3-4) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fht of radiator, is shown in formula E (9), is a kind of inherent characteristic of heating system
Parameter:
The average value of secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of room temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is as normal
Numerical value；
Uhtd- design conditions lower end radiator complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
5) system dynamic mathematical models, are created
5-1) system dynamic mathematical models form
Cb, Cex1, Cex2, Cht, Cz- respectively indicate heat source boiler, heat exchanger primary side, heat exchanger secondary side, indoor dissipate
The thermal capacity of thermal and room air, J/ DEG C, J- joules；
The fuel of uf- heat source boiler controls variable, and numberical range is 0≤uf≤1；
Gfd, G1d, G2d- boiler oil design discharge, primary net design discharge, secondary network design discharge, flow in formula
Unit is Kg/s；
HV- boiler oil calorific value, J/Kg；
Eb- boiler efficiency；
The specific heat of cw- water, J/KgC；
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1, rG2- and secondary network circular flow ratio；
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of fex, fht- heat exchanger and the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of radiator；
Uex, Uht, Uen- heat exchanger, radiator and buildings exterior-protected structure complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
LMTD- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
The solar radiation of qsols, qint- south orientation and indoor heat gain, W/m2；
The outer window ara of Fsols, F- building south orientation and practical area of heat-supply service, m2；
It include the operation characteristic parameter (rG1, rG2) and inherent characteristic of system in dynamic mathematical models 5-2) thus created
Parameter (fex, fht)；
It 5-3) include boiler oil control variable (uf) in dynamic mathematical models, for by changing the control of boiler water supply temperature
Heating source heating load adjusts the heating load of heat source side and the balance of user side calorific requirement.
5-4) in dynamic model system interference data acquisition
5-4-1) system interference is respectively as follows: outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain；
5-4-2) according to simulated time range and monitoring time interval, outdoor temperature, too is obtained from historgraphic data recording
The historical data of sun radiation and indoor heat gain, the historical data that usually the correspondence interval time of a Heating Period is 1 hour are remembered
Record；It is respectively as follows:
Time (interval 1 hour), outdoor temperature (DEG C), solar radiation (W/m2) and indoor heat gain (W/m2)；
5-4-3) data between two time points are calculated using straight line insertion method, such as the time at two time points and room
Outer temperature is respectively [t1, To1] and [t2, To2], outdoor temp angle value when needing to obtain time between the two time points for t3
To3, then calculation formula are as follows: To3=To1+ (To2-To1) * (t3-t1)/(t2-t1)；
6) system default parameter, is obtained by open loop experiment
6-1) after creating the dynamic mathematical models of heating system, open loop experiment can be carried out；
Solar radiation and indoor heat gain 6-2) are set as zero；Heat exchange station heat exchanger heat exchange area surplus coefficiert and radiator
Heat transfer area surplus coefficiert is respectively its inherent characteristic parameter；
Outdoor temperature range 6-3) is determined, usually from 8 DEG C to design outdoor temperature；
Heat supply amount 6-4) is adjusted by adjusting heat source fuel control variable (uf), to make room temperature be
Close to design room temperature, (the 98% of >=indoor design temperature, room temperature is set steady-state value during the dynamic response of system
Evaluation is usually 18-22 DEG C)；
When 6-5) amount of outdoor temperature variation reaches preset temperature change value every time, the secondary network of system is recorded for water temperature
Angle value, the relationship that so you can get it between outdoor temperature and secondary network supply water temperature, passes through outdoor temperature pair obtained above
Secondary network supply water temperature value is answered, the relation formula of outdoor temperature Yu secondary network supply water temperature value is fitted, by secondary network for water temperature
The setup parameter value controlled as system is spent, i.e., in dynamic mathematical models, in real time when given outdoor temperature, secondary network can be calculated
Supply water temperature setting value；
7), the heating system dynamic mathematical models based on creation carry out the emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy
7-1) dynamic mathematical models as described above are to be obtained based on system measured data, therefore can be described as practical heat supply
The dynamic response of system dynamic mathematical models, following simulation results and real system based on system dynamic mathematical models has one
Cause property；
7-2) in system dynamic mathematical models, interference data (outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain) is introduced, is adopted
Dynamic response with the characterisitic parameter of existing system (operation and inherent characteristic parameter), under simulation system standing state；
7-3) system control strategy
7-3-1) control heat exchange station secondary network supply water temperature by changing primary net circular flow, to secondary network heating load into
Row is adjusted, and is indirectly controlled room temperature, is achieved the purpose that supply-demand mode；
7-3-2) control algolithm
7-3-2-1) use typical case's PI control algolithm
Typical PI controller is a kind of conventional pi controller, and input signal is time, control parameter setting
It is worth, control parameter measured value, the calculation formula of its output signal in this example are as follows:
U- controller output signal；
Kp, ki- ratio and integral constant；
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
T- time, s；
Refer to the integral in time to the difference of secondary network supply water temperature setting value and its measured value；
7-3-2-2) secondary network supply water temperature setting value obtains (outdoor temperature and two by the open loop experiment of above-mentioned dynamical system
Relationship between secondary net supply water temperature), and formulas for calculating form are as follows:
Ts2sp=a0+a1*To+a2*To2--------------------------------------E (12)
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
Design factor in a0, a1, a2- formula；
9), heat exchange station optimizes feature
8-1) characterisitic parameter of above-mentioned heat exchange station passes through actual measurement operating parameter and is obtained by calculating, and ensure that the dynamic of creation
The accuracy of state mathematical model；
8-2) the dynamic mathematical models open loop experiment that the setting value of above-mentioned heat exchange station control parameter passes through creation obtains, dimension
The personalization for having held heat exchange station keeps heat exchange station control parameter setting value customized according to self-characteristic；
8-3) control strategy selects: can be secondary network mean temperature control by secondary network Water temperature control policy replacement
System, the control of the secondary network temperature difference, the control of secondary network return water temperature, the acquisition methods of the setting value of control parameter are identical, according to actual measurement
Data fit the relation curve between outdoor temperature and secondary network mean temperature, the secondary network temperature difference and secondary network return water temperature；
8-4) different control strategies are emulated respectively by dynamic model, the difference between more each control strategy into
Row is preferred.
The present invention is to carry out system based on acquisition heat exchange station essential information and heat exchange station measured data, and according to measured data
Operating analysis, Time-Series analysis and warm sequence analysis including system.By Operational Data Analysis, the calculating of system performance parameter is carried out,
Operation characteristic and inherent characteristic including system calculate.System dynamic mathematical models are created according to the system performance of acquisition, are passed through
The open loop experiment of the dynamic mathematical models of creation obtains system default parameter.It is carried out based on creation heating system dynamic mathematical models
The emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy, Optimal Control Strategy；Technical solution of the present invention can be directed to the exclusive spy of each heat exchange station
Property, being adapted to has personalized heat exchange station Optimal Control Strategy, and the safe and stable and long-term operation of heat exchange station can be improved, mention
High system energy utilization efficiency, while requirement and environmental requirement of the heat user to heating quality can also be met.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is heat exchange station control principle drawing of the present invention；
The timing of Fig. 2 operating status responds (Time-Series analysis) schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the warm sequence of operating status responds (warm sequence analysis) schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the secondary network supplementing water pressure schematic diagram of operating status；
Fig. 5 is that the check code based on Feature Analyzes tables of data calculates schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the open loop experiment and control parameter setting value schematic diagram of heating system dynamic mathematical models；
Fig. 7 is that the secondary network supply water temperature outside different chamber at temperature sets curve synoptic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the dynamic response schematic diagram that outdoor temperature reset control strategy is used in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of heat exchange station system optimal control methods, include the following steps:
1) heat exchange station essential information, is obtained
The essential information of heat exchange station is as follows:
Heat exchange station practical area of heat-supply service (F, m2), design outdoor temperature (Tod, DEG C), design room temperature (Tzd, DEG C), set
Count primary net circular flow (G1d, T/h), design secondary network circular flow (G2d, T/h), the primary net supply water temperature of design
(Ts1d, DEG C), the primary net return water temperature of design (Tr1d, DEG C), design secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2d, DEG C), design secondary network
Return water temperature (Tr2d, DEG C), secondary network circulation-water pump electric machine efficiency curve, secondary network Circulating Water Pump Efficiency curve, end heat dissipation
Design factor (cht) in the experiment of device heat transfer coefficient；
2) heat exchange station measured data, is obtained
2-1), the heat exchange station measured data of a heating cycle, including time, temperature, pressure, flow, aperture, electricity are obtained
Consumption, water consume, frequency, specifically: time (t, h), outdoor temperature (To, DEG C), room temperature (Tz, DEG C), primary net supply water temperature
(Ts1, DEG C), primary net return water temperature (Tr1, DEG C), secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2, DEG C), secondary network return water temperature (Tr2,
DEG C), primary net control valve opening (V1, %), secondary network water circulating pump frequency (Fr2, Hz), pressure before a web filter
Pressure (Pr2, MPa), secondary net filtration before pressure (Ps1a, MPa), secondary web filter after (Ps1, MPa), a web filter
Pressure (Pr2a, MPa), secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure (Pr2cpout, MPa), primary net circular flow (G1, T/ after device
H), secondary network circular flow (G2, T/h), secondary network refill flow (G2mk, T/h), secondary network water circulating pump power (N2, KW),
1 time/hour of test data interval；
2-2), heat exchange station measured data table is established:
Heat exchange station measured data acquired in above-mentioned steps 2-1) is sent to corresponding position in heat exchange station measured data table,
Establish complete heat exchange station measured data table；
2-3), control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-1), the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-2), control parameter setting value are as follows: before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter
Pressure of return water；
2-3-3), the relationship of outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is indicated by following equation E (1):
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2---------------------------------------E (1)
Psp- control parameter setting value；
A, b, c- design factor；
To- outdoor temperature, when for obtaining the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter, for sequentially in time from
It is read in heat exchange station measured data table；When for being the real-time detection value of outdoor temperature when obtaining control parameter setting value；
3), system operating analysis
3-1) system running state analysis includes time sequence status analysis and warm sequence state analysis two parts, to judge that system is transported
Row state and control precision；
3-2) judgment basis are as follows: " the heat exchange station measured data table " and system control parameters setting value of foundation；
3-3) time sequence status is analyzed
Time sequence status analysis is to judge that whether system is run stable, surveys number with the relationship of corresponding time by measured data
According to including three temperature, pressure, flow aspects；
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature；
Pressure includes: pressure of return water before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
Analytic process are as follows:
3-3-1) calculate control parameter setting value when real-time outdoor temperature:
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2--------------------------------------------E (1)；
3-3-1-1), real-time outdoor temperature derives from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-3-1-2), the setting value of corresponding control parameter, i.e. Psp are calculated by this formula E (1)；
3-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter
Calculation formula are as follows:
EP=Psp-Pmsd；
In formula, the difference of eP- control parameter setting value and measured value；
Psp- control parameter setting value；
Pmsd- control parameter measured value；
3-3-2-1) pass through step 3-3-1-2) obtain control parameter setting value Psp；
The measured value Pmsd of control parameter 3-3-2-2) is obtained from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；" heat exchange
All data in measured data of standing table " are measured value；
The measured value of Pmsd- control parameter；
3-3-2-3) according to Psp and Pmsd value, r1=Pmsd/Psp value, r1- operating status judgement factor are calculated；
3-3-2-4) system running state determines
As 0.95≤r1≤1.05, it is judged as system normal operation, i.e. stable state；When 0.85≤r1 < 0.95 or
1.05 < r1≤1.15 are determined as that system is operating abnormally；As r1<0.85 or r1>1.15, it is determined as the system failure；
When 3-3-2-5) using time sequence status analysis, the x-axis of chart is the time；Y-axis is the value of r1；
The control parameter of time sequence status analysis 3-3-3) can be used
Secondary network pressure of return water before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, filter, primary net circular flow,
Secondary network circular flow；For different control parameters, a, b, c value are different, control parameter are as follows: primary net supply water temperature, two
Pressure of return water, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before secondary net supply water temperature, secondary web filter；Obtain control ginseng
The formula form of number setting value is the Unified Form of E (1), and coefficient can pass through the measured data in " heat exchange station measured data table "
Fitting obtains；
3-4) warm sequence state analysis
3-4-1) warm sequence state analysis is for the pass between real-time outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value and measured value
It is, thus the control precision of decision-making system that the x-axis in chart is real-time outdoor temperature；Y-axis is control parameter setting value
And measured value；Setting value derives from formula E (1), and measured value derives from " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-4-2) measured data of control parameter includes temperature, pressure, the aspect of flow three, as follows:
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary network return water temperature；Press packet
It includes: pressure of return water before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
3-4-3) analysis method
Pre-set parameter is controlled when 3-4-3-1) calculating real-time outdoor temperature, using formula Psp=a+b*To+c*
To2---------------------------------------------E (1)
3-4-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter, calculates r2=Pmsd/Psp value；
3-4-3-3) system control precision determines；
As 0.97=< r2≤1.03, system control precision is normal；When 0.94=< r2 < 0.97 or 1.03 < r2≤
1.06, system control precision is abnormal；As r2<0.94 or r2>1.06, system controls failure；
It is 3-4-4) real-time outdoor temperature for the chart x-axis of analysis；Y-axis is the value of r2；
3-4-5) for control precision judgement control parameter be respectively as follows: primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature,
Pressure of return water, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before secondary web filter；
3-5) system operating analysis
3-5-1) discovery operation aspect there are the problem of: see above time sequence status analysis；
3-5-2) problem existing for discovery control aspect: see warm sequence state analysis above；
3-5-3) in terms of discovering device there are the problem of, it is as described below:
3-5-3-1) analysis data source is in established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-5-3-2) plant issue determines
3-5-3-2-1) primary net and secondary network plugged filter
The judgement of primary net feed water filter blocking:
Primary net pressure of supply water (after the filter) >=0.05MPa of primary net pressure of supply water (before filter)-, and when continuing
Between >=1 day when, then primary net feed water filter blocking；
The judgement of secondary network graded filter blocking:
Secondary network pressure of return water (before filter)-secondary network pressure of return water (after filter) >=0.05MPa, and continue when
Between >=1 day when, then secondary network graded filter block；
3-5-3-2-2) the judgement of primary net regulating valve Selection error:
When the duration>40% of net control valve opening<20% primary within the January, primary net regulating valve type selecting mistake
Greatly；When duration of net control valve opening > 70% primary within the January > 40%, primary net regulating valve type selecting is too small；
3-5-3-2-3) the judgement of secondary network water circulating pump Selection error:
When the duration>40% of secondary network water circulating pump frequency<30Hz within the January, the choosing of secondary network water circulating pump
Type is excessive；When secondary network water circulating pump frequency > 45Hz duration > 40% within the January, the choosing of secondary network water circulating pump
Type is too small；
3-5-3-2-4) the judgement of secondary network water loss problem:
As secondary network moisturizing pump frequency > 40Hz, and when duration > 1 day, illustrate that (pipeline is set secondary network in the presence of leakage
Standby opening, pipeline weld bond snap, compensator damage cracking) lead to dehydration；When secondary network moisturizing pump frequency when 1 is small interior variation width
When degree (increasing or decreasing) reaches 20%, illustrate that there are users to divert heating circulation water phenomenon privately；
4), system performance parameter calculates
4-1) create " Feature Analyzes tables of data "
4-1-1) data source in " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " for needing to create is in " heat exchange station measured data table "；
The data for 4-1-2) including in " Feature Analyzes tables of data " are as follows:
Time h, outdoor temperature DEG C, room temperature DEG C, primary net supply water temperature DEG C, primary net return water temperature DEG C, secondary network
Supply water temperature DEG C, secondary network return water temperature DEG C, primary net circular flow T/h, secondary network circular flow T/h, secondary web filter
Pressure MPa, secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure MPa, power consumption KWH/ days afterwards；The format of these data and " heat exchange station actual measurement
Data format in tables of data " is identical；
4-2) determine the accuracy of actual measurement operation data
The accuracy for 4-2-1) determining actual measurement operation data, passes through the meter of following three check codes (respectively R1, R2, R3)
Result is calculated to carry out；Data in calculating below derive from " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " created；
4-2-2) check code calculates
Formula E (2) are shown in the 4-2-2-1) calculating of check code R1:
R1=G1* (Ts1-Tr1)/[G2* (Ts2-Tr2)] --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- E (2)
R1- check code 1, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally
R1 out is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；Effect described below
The data format of code R2 and R3 is also chronological array, identical as R1；
Symbolic significance in formula is as follows:
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The primary net supply water temperature of Ts1-, DEG C；
The primary net return water temperature of Tr1-, DEG C；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Ts2- secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
Tr2- secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
(difference of Ts2 and Ts2d: Ts2- surveys secondary network supply water temperature, and Ts2d- designs secondary network supply water temperature)
Formula E (3) are shown in the 4-2-2-2) calculating of check code R2:
R2- effect code 2, a customized calculating parameter, format is array；
Rm={ [0.5* (Ts2+Tr2)-Tz](1+cht)}/(Tz-To)------------------E (4)
The median of rm- mono- calculating effect code R2, a customized calculating parameter, calculation formula are shown in E (4)；Because with
Upper data are chronological array (in addition to cht is numerical value), and the r2 finally obtained is also array, each value in array
Calculated by the measured data of synchronization；
The average value of array rm is a numerical value；
Tz- room temperature, DEG C；
To- outdoor temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is as normal
Numerical value；
1+cht- exponential term；
"/"-division, (Tz-To) are the denominator of entire formula；
" * "-multiplication；
Formula E (5) are shown in the 4-2-2-3) calculating of check code R3:
R3=9810*G2/3600* (Pr2cpout-Pr2a) * 100/em/ecp/103*24/N2------E(5)
R3- effect code 3, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally
R3 out is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Pr2cpout- secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure, MPa；
Pressure after bis- web filters of Pr2a-, MPa；
The adapted electric efficiency of em- secondary network water circulating pump can be obtained according to motor characteristic curve；
The pump efficiency of ecp- secondary network water circulating pump can obtain the water under different circular flows according to pump characteristic
Pump efficiency rate score；
N2- secondary network water circulating pump power consumption, KWH/ days；
In formula: *-multiplication；"/"-division
4-2-3) survey the judgement of operation data accuracy
4-2-3-1) the zone of reasonableness of effect code R1, R2, R3
The zone of reasonableness of R1, R2, R3 are respectively 0.9~1.1,0.8~1.2 and 1.2~1.4；
4-2-3-2) actual measurement ginseng data exception mark
When R1 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G1, Ts1, Tr1, G2, Ts2, Tr2；
When R2 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in Ts2, Tr2, Tz, To；
When R3 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G2, Pr2cpout, Pr2a, N2；
4-2-3-3) processing method when measured data mistake
4-2-3-3-1) when determining that measured data has mistake according to check code, it can be examined using a live table
Comparison is surveyed to confirm that error in data source, compares, table can be used in temperature as ultrasonic flow rate measurement examination can be used in circular flow
Surface thermometer test compares, and gauge measurement comparison on the spot can be used in pressure, and power consumption can be used the test of hand-held ammeter and compare；
4-2-3-3-2) after finding out wrong data source, the data monitoring of corresponding readings mistake is replaced as the case may be
Instrument, to guarantee the accuracy of measured data.Validity test data record item number should be greater than entire heating period same time interval
Data record item number total amount 80%；
4-3) system performance parameter calculates
4-3-1) primary net circular flow ratio rG1, is shown in formula E (6), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1-；
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The primary net circular flow design value of G1d-, T/h；
4-3-2) secondary network circular flow ratio rG2 is shown in formula E (7), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
RG2- secondary network circular flow ratio；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
The average value of secondary network circular flow, T/h；
G2d- secondary network circular flow design value, T/h；
4-3-3) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fex of heat exchanger, is shown in formula E (8), is a kind of inherent characteristic of heating system
Parameter:
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of heat exchanger in fex- heat exchange station；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The average value of primary net supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of primary net return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
Heat exchanger complex heat transfer coefficient under Uexd- design conditions, W/ DEG C (watt/degree)；
4-3-4) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fht of radiator, is shown in formula E (9), is a kind of inherent characteristic of heating system
Parameter:
The average value of secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of room temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is as normal
Numerical value；
Uhtd- design conditions lower end radiator complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
5) system dynamic mathematical models, are created
5-1) system dynamic mathematical models form
Cb, Cex1, Cex2, Cht, Cz- respectively indicate heat source boiler, heat exchanger primary side, heat exchanger secondary side, indoor dissipate
The thermal capacity of thermal and room air, J/ DEG C, J- joules；
The fuel of uf- heat source boiler controls variable, and numberical range is 0≤uf≤1；
Gfd, G1d, G2d- boiler oil design discharge, primary net design discharge, secondary network design discharge, flow in formula herein
The temperature of amount is Kg/s；
HV- boiler oil calorific value, J/Kg；
Eb- boiler efficiency；
The specific heat of cw- water, J/KgC；
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1, rG2- and secondary network circular flow ratio；
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of fex, fht- heat exchanger and the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of radiator；
Uex, Uht, Uen- heat exchanger, radiator and buildings exterior-protected structure complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
LMTD- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
The solar radiation of qsols, qint- south orientation and indoor heat gain, W/m2；
The outer window ara of Fsols, F- building south orientation and practical area of heat-supply service, m2；
It include the operation characteristic parameter (rG1, rG2) and inherent characteristic of system in dynamic mathematical models 5-2) thus created
Parameter (fex, fht)；
It 5-3) include boiler oil control variable (uf) in dynamic mathematical models, for by changing the control of boiler water supply temperature
Heating source heating load adjusts the heating load of heat source side and the balance of user side calorific requirement.
5-4) in dynamic model system interference data acquisition
5-4-1) system interference is respectively as follows: outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain；
5-4-2) according to simulated time range and monitoring time interval, outdoor temperature, too is obtained from historgraphic data recording
The historical data of sun radiation and indoor heat gain, the historical data that usually the correspondence interval time of a Heating Period is 1 hour are remembered
Record；It is respectively as follows:
Time (interval 1 hour), outdoor temperature (DEG C), solar radiation (W/m2) and indoor heat gain (W/m2)；
5-4-3) data between two time points are calculated using straight line insertion method, such as the time at two time points and room
Outer temperature is respectively [t1, To1] and [t2, To2], outdoor temp angle value when needing to obtain time between the two time points for t3
To3, then calculation formula are as follows: To3=To1+ (To2-To1) * (t3-t1)/(t2-t1)；
6) system default parameter, is obtained by open loop experiment
6-1) after creating the dynamic mathematical models of heating system, open loop experiment can be carried out；
Solar radiation and indoor heat gain 6-2) are set as zero；Heat exchange station heat exchanger heat exchange area surplus coefficiert and radiator
Heat transfer area surplus coefficiert is respectively its inherent characteristic parameter；
Outdoor temperature range 6-3) is determined, usually from 8 DEG C to design outdoor temperature；
Heat supply amount 6-4) is adjusted by adjusting heat source fuel control variable (uf), to make room temperature be
Close to design room temperature, (the 98% of >=indoor design temperature, room temperature is set steady-state value during the dynamic response of system
Evaluation is usually 18-22 DEG C)；
When 6-5) changing outdoor temp angle value (variation of outdoor temp angle value is usually 2-3 DEG C) every time, the secondary network of system is recorded
Supply water temperature value, the relationship that so you can get it between outdoor temperature and secondary network supply water temperature, passes through outdoor obtained above
Temperature corresponds to secondary network supply water temperature value, the relation formula of outdoor temperature Yu secondary network supply water temperature value is fitted, by secondary network
The setup parameter value that supply water temperature is controlled as system in real time when given outdoor temperature, can be calculated that is, in dynamic mathematical models
Secondary network supply water temperature setting value out；
7), the heating system dynamic mathematical models based on creation carry out the emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy
7-1) dynamic mathematical models as described above are to be obtained based on system measured data, therefore can be described as practical heat supply
The dynamic response of system dynamic mathematical models, following simulation results and real system based on system dynamic mathematical models has one
Cause property；
7-2) in system dynamic mathematical models, interference data (outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain) is introduced, is adopted
Dynamic response with the characterisitic parameter of existing system (operation and inherent characteristic parameter), under simulation system standing state；
7-3) system control strategy
7-3-1) control heat exchange station secondary network supply water temperature by changing primary net circular flow, to secondary network heating load into
Row is adjusted, and is indirectly controlled room temperature, is achieved the purpose that supply-demand mode；
7-3-2) control algolithm
7-3-2-1) use typical case's PI control algolithm
Typical PI controller is a kind of conventional pi controller, and input signal is time, control parameter setting
It is worth, control parameter measured value, the calculation formula of its output signal in this example are as follows:
U- controller output signal；
Kp, ki- ratio and integral constant；
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
T- time, s；
Refer to the integral in time to the difference of secondary network supply water temperature setting value and its measured value；
7-3-2-2) secondary network supply water temperature setting value obtains (outdoor temperature and two by the open loop experiment of above-mentioned dynamical system
Relationship between secondary net supply water temperature), and formulas for calculating form are as follows:
Ts2sp=a0+a1*To+a2*To2--------------------------------------E (12)
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
Design factor in a0, a1, a2- formula；
8), heat exchange station optimizes feature
8-1) characterisitic parameter of above-mentioned heat exchange station passes through actual measurement operating parameter and is obtained by calculating, and ensure that the dynamic of creation
The accuracy of state mathematical model；
8-2) the dynamic mathematical models open loop experiment that the setting value of above-mentioned heat exchange station control parameter passes through creation obtains, dimension
The personalization for having held heat exchange station keeps heat exchange station control parameter setting value customized according to self-characteristic；
8-3) control strategy selects: can be secondary network mean temperature control by secondary network Water temperature control policy replacement
System, the control of the secondary network temperature difference, the control of secondary network return water temperature, the acquisition methods of the setting value of control parameter are identical, according to actual measurement
Data fit the relation curve between outdoor temperature and secondary network mean temperature, the secondary network temperature difference and secondary network return water temperature；
8-4) different control strategies are emulated respectively by dynamic model, the difference between more each control strategy into
Row is preferred.
Fig. 1 is heat exchange station control principle drawing of the present invention, in figure, Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；The room To-
Outer temperature, DEG C；Ts2- secondary network supply water temperature measured value, DEG C；Tr2- secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；Tz- room temperature, DEG C.
Example:
(1) heat exchange station basic data
The practical area of heat-supply service of heat exchange station: 113540m2
Design outdoor temperature: -7 DEG C
Design room temperature: 18 DEG C
Design heating load index: 42W/m2
Design primary net circular flow: 82T/h
Design secondary network circular flow: 205T/h
Design primary net supply water temperature: 110 DEG C
Design primary net return water temperature: 60 DEG C
Design secondary network supply water temperature: 65 DEG C
Design secondary network return water temperature: 45 DEG C
Secondary network circulation-water pump electric machine efficiency: em=0.92
Secondary network Circulating Water Pump Efficiency curve: ecp=0.386+0.0038*G2+-9.1429*10-6*G22；In formula,
G2 is secondary network actual cycle flow, T/h；
Design factor in the experiment of end radiator heat transfer coefficient: 0.32
(2) system operating analysis based on heat exchange station actual measurement operation data
Operating status: Time-Series analysis
The timing of Fig. 2 operating status responds (Time-Series analysis) schematic diagram；
In figure: the primary net supply water temperature of Ts1-, DEG C；
The primary net return water temperature of Tr1-, DEG C；
Ts2- secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
Tr2- secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
The primary net supply backwater temperature difference of Ts1-Tr1-, DEG C；
Ts2-Tr2- secondary network supply backwater temperature difference, DEG C；
Wherein: 1) in Fig. 2 (a), primary net supply water temperature is in the process of running without biggish mutation (within when 24 is small
When supply water temperature changes more than 10 DEG C, it is believed that system operation exists abnormal), illustrate that the stability of system is stronger；
2) in algid stage (in the 40-90 days), once net operation supply backwater temperature difference illustrates one within the scope of 35-45 DEG C to system
Secondary net actual cycle flow belongs to normal operation close to design cycle flow；Secondary network supply backwater temperature difference within the scope of 3-6 DEG C,
Illustrate bigger than normal for secondary network actual cycle current capacity contrast's design cycle flow, causes secondary network power consumption higher；
Fig. 3 is that the warm sequence of operating status responds (warm sequence analysis) schematic diagram:
1) as shown in figure 3, in the runtime, when corresponding to same outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature fluctuation range is bigger than normal
(perfect condition is fluctuation range ± 1 DEG C, but actually primary net supply water temperature fluctuation range is ± 4 DEG C in most cases
More than), cause control precision relatively low, and then influence the stability of room temperature and be precisely controlled；
2) secondary network supply backwater temperature difference variation range is 3-7 DEG C, illustrates to compare secondary network design cycle flow, secondary network is real
Border circular flow is bigger than normal；From the distribution of secondary network supply and return water temperature and trend as it can be seen that a network control precision is there are problem, without real
The target of existing supply-demand mode；
Fig. 4 is the secondary network supplementing water pressure schematic diagram of operating status；
In Fig. 4, Pr2asp- secondary network pressure of return water (supplementing water pressure) setting value, MPa；Pr2a- secondary network pressure of return water is real
Measured value, MPa；
As shown in Figure 4, secondary network pressure of return water measured value and its setting value are close, illustrate the control of secondary network pressure of return water
Precision is higher (± 5% of pressure of return water measured value variation range less than its setting value)；
(3) check code determines
Based on " heat exchange station measured data table ", creates " Feature Analyzes tables of data ", pass through " Feature Analyzes data
Table " judges the accuracy of operation data, and is shown in Fig. 5；
Fig. 5 is that the check code based on " Feature Analyzes tables of data " calculates schematic diagram:
According to the zone of reasonableness (respectively 0.9~1.1,0.8~1.2 and 1.2~1.4) of identifying code R1, R2, R3, control
Curve is observed in Fig. 5, and in most times (> 90% time), each identifying code is all satisfied its zone of reasonableness, explanation
Data in " Feature Analyzes tables of data " are effective, and the specificity analysis of practical heating system can be carried out with this data, meet
Accuracy requirement.
(4) heat exchange station operation and inherent characteristic analysis
Based on " Feature Analyzes tables of data " by calculating, the heat exchange station characterisitic parameter in this example is as follows:
Operation characteristic: rG1, the actual cycle flow once netted and design cycle flow-rate ratio are 0.9788, illustrate primary net
Actual cycle flow is approximately its design cycle flow；RG2, actual cycle flow and the design cycle flow-rate ratio of secondary network are
3.7861, illustrate secondary network actual cycle flow much larger than its design discharge；
Inherent characteristic: heat exchanger heat transfer area surplus coefficiert (fex) is 1.6349；End radiator heat exchange area is rich
Coefficient (fht) is 1.6626；
(5) dynamic mathematical models create
Symbol and meaning in formula:
Cb, Cex1, Cex2, Cht, Cz- respectively indicate heat source boiler, heat exchanger primary side, heat exchanger secondary side, indoor dissipate
The thermal capacity of thermal and room air, J/ DEG C (J- joules)；
The fuel of uf- heat source boiler controls variable, and numberical range is 0≤uf≤1；
Gfd, G1d, G2d- boiler oil design discharge, primary net design discharge, secondary network design discharge, herein flow list
Position is Kg/s；
HV- boiler oil calorific value, J/Kg；
Eb- boiler efficiency；
The specific heat of cw- water, J/KgC；
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1, rG2- and secondary network circular flow ratio；
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of fex, fht- heat exchanger and the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of radiator；
Uex, Uht, Uen- heat exchanger, radiator and buildings exterior-protected structure complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
LMTD- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
The solar radiation of qsols, qint- south orientation and indoor heat gain, W/m2；
The outer window ara of Fsols, F- building south orientation and practical area of heat-supply service, m2。
The meaning of formula:
The net heat of control volume storage is described in dynamical equation as the heat of its acquisition and the difference of the heat lost；Control
Body is respectively heat source boiler, heat exchanger primary side, heat exchanger secondary side, end radiator and room air；
(6) open loop experiment of dynamic mathematical models
Fig. 6 is the open loop experiment and control parameter setting value schematic diagram of heating system dynamic mathematical models:
1) condition of system dynamic model open loop experiment
RG1=1；RG2=1；Fex=1.6349；Fht=1.6626；To=2.4 DEG C；Do not consider solar radiation and interior
It obtains hot；
2) reach 22 DEG C to meet room temperature, outside different chamber at temperature, by adjusting boiler oil supply and one
Secondary net circular flow obtains required secondary network supply water temperature value (steady-state value of secondary network supply water temperature dynamic response)；
3) by the open loop experiments of above system dynamic mathematical models, it is available in outdoor temperature section (from outdoor
Temperature is 8 DEG C to designed outside temperature), when to guarantee that room temperature is 22 DEG C, supply water temperature value, is shown in figure needed for secondary network
7, and as heat exchange station control parameter setting value, it is used for system dynamic simulation；
Fig. 7 is that the secondary network supply water temperature outside different chamber at temperature sets curve synoptic diagram；
When guaranteeing that room temperature is 22 DEG C, secondary network supply water temperature setting value when corresponding to different outdoor temperatures；
(7) emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy is carried out based on creation heating system dynamic mathematical models
Fig. 8 is the dynamic response that outdoor temperature reset control strategy is used in the present embodiment
To- room temperature, DEG C；
Tz- outdoor temperature, DEG C；
Meaning:
1) Fig. 8 (a) is the dynamic response process of primary net supply and return water temperature within the scope of two days simulated times；It is primary to supply water
Temperature is increased with the reduction of outdoor temperature, otherwise is reduced, and can be followed the variation of outdoor temperature and be changed；Primary net return water temperature
It spends variation range and is less than primary net supply water temperature variation range, illustrate in primary net heat transfer engineering, thermic load is to supply water temperature
Operation is greater than the influence to return water temperature；
2) display, secondary network supply backwater temperature difference do not use the secondary temperature difference before this control strategy compared with this system in Fig. 8 (b)
It obviously increases, the reason for this is that secondary network actual cycle flow is design secondary network circular flow in system dynamic simulation, substantially
Power consumption needed for reducing secondary network；
3) by the room temperature dynamic response in Fig. 8 (b) as it can be seen that comparison room temperature setting value 22C, practical Indoor Temperature
Degree fluctuation range is 22.5-24.5C, belongs to user's superheat state, consumes heat more, there is how further research reduces heat
The space of consumption can be optimized by comparing different control strategies, final preferably to go out optimal control policy.
Existing heat exchange station operation data does not utilize well, leads to the significant wastage of data resource.The present invention uses base
In the inspection, analysis and application of secondary network actual operating data, the practical intrinsic and operation characteristic of heat exchange station is obtained, and utilizes heating power
Law is learned, system dynamic mathematical models are created, and by model emulation, heat exchange station control strategy is studied, by analyzing heat exchange station
Dynamic response finds out the optimal control policy suitable for heat exchange station, and to the operating status using optimal control policy, system energy
Consumption, control effect etc. emulated and predicted, realize safety and steady, response rapidly, optimization runs, is precisely controlled, is energy-saving
With the target for improving user's hot comfort.
By running the analysis and application of (big) data based on practical heat exchange station, creation dynamic mathematical models carry out simulation point
Analysis display, intelligent heat-exchange station control strategy of the invention, can reduce heat exchange station heat consumption and power consumption is respectively 10% and 30% or more；
Compared with the supply-demand mode control mode of conventional heat transfer station, fluctuations in indoor temperature range is greatly lowered, and room temperature average value can
Control improves heat user thermal comfort within ± 1 DEG C.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of heat exchange station system optimal control method, characterized by the following steps:
1) heat exchange station essential information, is obtained
The essential information of heat exchange station is as follows:
Heat exchange station practical area of heat-supply service (F, m2), design outdoor temperature (Tod, DEG C), design room temperature (Tzd, DEG C), design one
Secondary net circular flow (G1d, T/h), design secondary network circular flow (G2d, T/h), the primary net supply water temperature of design (Ts1d,
DEG C), the primary net return water temperature of design (Tr1d, DEG C), design secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2d, DEG C), design secondary network return water temperature
Degree (Tr2d, DEG C), secondary network circulation-water pump electric machine efficiency curve, secondary network Circulating Water Pump Efficiency curve, end radiator pass
Design factor (cht) in hot coefficient experiment；
2) heat exchange station measured data, is obtained
2-1), obtain a heating cycle heat exchange station measured data, including the time, temperature, pressure, flow, aperture, power consumption,
Water consume, frequency, specifically: time (t, h), outdoor temperature (To, DEG C), room temperature (Tz, DEG C), primary net supply water temperature
(Ts1, DEG C), primary net return water temperature (Tr1, DEG C), secondary network supply water temperature (Ts2, DEG C), secondary network return water temperature (Tr2,
DEG C), primary net control valve opening (V1, %), secondary network water circulating pump frequency (Fr2, Hz), pressure before a web filter
Pressure (Pr2, MPa), secondary net filtration before pressure (Ps1a, MPa), secondary web filter after (Ps1, MPa), a web filter
Pressure (Pr2a, MPa), secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure (Pr2cpout, MPa), primary net circular flow (G1, T/ after device
H), secondary network circular flow (G2, T/h), secondary network refill flow (G2mk, T/h), secondary network water circulating pump power (N2, KW),
1 time/hour of test data interval；
2-2), heat exchange station measured data table is established:
Heat exchange station measured data acquired in above-mentioned steps 2-1) is sent to corresponding position in heat exchange station measured data table, is established
Complete heat exchange station measured data table；
2-3), control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-1), the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is obtained
2-3-2), control parameter setting value are as follows: pressure before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter；
2-3-3), the relationship of outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value is indicated by following equation E (1):
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2---------------------------------------------E(1)
Psp- control parameter setting value；
A, b, c- design factor；
To- outdoor temperature, when for obtaining the relationship between outdoor temperature and control parameter, for sequentially in time from heat exchange
It is read in measured data of standing table；When for being the real-time detection value of outdoor temperature when obtaining control parameter setting value；
3), system operating analysis
3-1) system running state analysis includes time sequence status analysis and warm sequence state analysis two parts, to judge that system runs shape
State and control precision；
3-2) judgment basis are as follows: " the heat exchange station measured data table " and system control parameters setting value of foundation；
3-3) time sequence status is analyzed
Time sequence status analysis is to judge that system runs whether stable, measured data packet with the relationship of corresponding time by measured data
Include three temperature, pressure, flow aspects；
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature；
Pressure includes: pressure before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
Analytic process are as follows:
3-3-1) calculate control parameter setting value when real-time outdoor temperature:
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2-----------------------------------------E(1)；
3-3-1-1), real-time outdoor temperature derives from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-3-1-2), the setting value of corresponding control parameter, i.e. Psp are calculated by this formula E (1)；
3-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter
Calculation formula are as follows:
EP=Psp-Pmsd；
In formula, the difference of eP- control parameter setting value and measured value；
Psp- control parameter setting value；
Pmsd- control parameter measured value；
3-3-2-1) pass through step 3-3-1-2) obtain control parameter setting value Psp；
The measured value Pmsd of control parameter 3-3-2-2) is obtained from established " heat exchange station measured data table "；" heat exchange station is real
All data in measured data table " are measured value；
3-3-2-3) according to Psp and Pmsd value, r1=Pmsd/Psp value, r1- operating status judgement factor are calculated；
3-3-2-4) system running state determines
As 0.95≤r1≤1.05, it is judged as system normal operation, i.e. stable state；As 0.85≤r1 < 0.95 or 1.05 < r1
≤ 1.15, it is determined as that system is operating abnormally；As r1<0.85 or r1>1.15, it is determined as the system failure；
When 3-3-2-5) using time sequence status analysis, the x-axis of chart is the time；Y-axis is the value of r1；
The control parameter of time sequence status analysis 3-3-3) can be used
Pressure, primary net circular flow, secondary network follow before primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary web filter
Circulation；For different control parameters, a, b, c value have corresponding value, control parameter respectively are as follows: primary net supply water temperature, two
Pressure, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before secondary net supply water temperature, secondary web filter；Control parameter is obtained to set
The formula form of definite value is the Unified Form of E (1), and coefficient can be fitted by the measured data in " heat exchange station measured data table "
It obtains；
3-4) warm sequence state analysis
3-4-1) warm sequence state analysis is the relationship being directed between real-time outdoor temperature and control parameter setting value and measured value, by
The control precision of this decision-making system, the x-axis in chart are real-time outdoor temperature；Y-axis is control parameter setting value and reality
Measured value；Setting value derives from formula E (1), and measured value derives from " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-4-2) measured data of control parameter includes temperature, pressure, the aspect of flow three, as follows:
Temperature includes: outdoor temperature, primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary network return water temperature；Pressure includes:
Pressure before secondary web filter；
Flow includes: primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow；
3-4-3) analysis method
Pre-set parameter is controlled when 3-4-3-1) calculating real-time outdoor temperature, using the formula
Psp=a+b*To+c*To2--------------------------E(1)
3-4-3-2) compare, analyze and judge the measured value and setting value of control parameter, calculates r2=Pmsd/Psp value；
3-4-3-3) system control precision determines；
As 0.97=< r2≤1.03, system control precision is normal；When 0.94=< r2 < 0.97 or 1.03 < r2≤1.06, it is
System control precision is abnormal；As r2<0.94 or r2>1.06, system controls failure；
It is 3-4-4) real-time outdoor temperature for the chart x-axis of analysis；Y-axis is the value of r2；
3-4-5) it is respectively as follows: primary net supply water temperature, secondary network supply water temperature, secondary for controlling the control parameter of precision judgement
Pressure, primary net circular flow, secondary network circular flow before web filter；
3-5) system operating analysis
3-5-1) discovery operation aspect there are the problem of: see above time sequence status analysis；
3-5-2) problem existing for discovery control aspect: see warm sequence state analysis above；
3-5-3) in terms of discovering device there are the problem of, it is as described below:
3-5-3-1) analysis data source is in established " heat exchange station measured data table "；
3-5-3-2) plant issue determines
3-5-3-2-1) primary net and secondary network plugged filter
The judgement of primary net feed water filter blocking:
Pressure >=0.05MPa after-web filter of pressure before web filter, and duration >=1 day when, then once
The blocking of net feed water filter；
The judgement of secondary network graded filter blocking:
Pressure >=0.05MPa after the secondary web filter of pressure-before secondary web filter, and duration >=1 day when, then it is secondary
The blocking of net graded filter；
3-5-3-2-2) the judgement of primary net regulating valve Selection error:
When the duration>40% of net control valve opening<20% primary within the January, primary net regulating valve type selecting is excessive；
When duration of net control valve opening > 70% primary within the January > 40%, primary net regulating valve type selecting is too small；
3-5-3-2-3) the judgement of secondary network water circulating pump Selection error:
When the duration>40% of secondary network water circulating pump frequency<30Hz within the January, secondary network water circulating pump type selecting mistake
Greatly；When secondary network water circulating pump frequency > 45Hz duration > 40% within the January, secondary network water circulating pump type selecting mistake
It is small；
3-5-3-2-4) the judgement of secondary network water loss problem:
As secondary network moisturizing pump frequency > 40Hz, and when duration > 1 day, illustrate that secondary network has leakage, including pipeline or set
Standby opening, pipeline weld bond snap, and compensator damage cracking leads to dehydration；When secondary network moisturizing pump frequency when 1 is small interior variation width
Degree, including increasing degree or reduction amplitude, when reaching 20%, illustrate that there are users to divert heating circulation water phenomenon privately；
4), system performance parameter calculates
4-1) create " Feature Analyzes tables of data "
4-1-1) data source in " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " for needing to create is in " heat exchange station measured data table "；
The data for 4-1-2) including in " Feature Analyzes tables of data " are as follows:
Time h, outdoor temperature DEG C, room temperature DEG C, primary net supply water temperature DEG C, primary net return water temperature DEG C, secondary network supply water
It is pressed after temperature DEG C, secondary network return water temperature DEG C, primary net circular flow T/h, secondary network circular flow T/h, secondary web filter
Power MPa, secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure MPa, power consumption KWH/ days；The format of these data and " heat exchange station measured data
Data format in table " is identical；
4-2) determine the accuracy of actual measurement operation data
The accuracy for 4-2-1) determining actual measurement operation data, passes through the calculating knot of following three check codes (respectively R1, R2, R3)
Fruit carries out；Data in calculating below derive from " the Feature Analyzes tables of data " created；
4-2-2) check code calculates
Formula E (2) are shown in the 4-2-2-1) calculating of check code R1:
R1=G1* (Ts1-Tr1)/[G2* (Ts2-Tr2)] --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -- E (2)
R1- check code 1, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally obtain
R1 is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；Check code R2 described below
Data format with R3 is also chronological array, identical as R1；
Symbolic significance in formula is as follows:
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The primary net supply water temperature of Ts1-, DEG C；
The primary net return water temperature of Tr1-, DEG C；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Ts2- secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
Tr2- secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
Formula E (3) are shown in the 4-2-2-2) calculating of check code R2:
R2- check code 2, a customized calculating parameter, format is array；
Rm={ [0.5* (Ts2+Tr2)-Tz](1+cht)}/(Tz-To)--------------------------E(4)
The median of rm- mono- calculating check code R2, a customized calculating parameter, calculation formula are shown in E (4)；Because of the above number
According to being chronological array, in addition to cht is numerical value, the r2 finally obtained is also array, and each value in array is logical
The measured data for crossing synchronization is calculated and is obtained；
The average value of array rm is a numerical value；
Tz- room temperature, DEG C；
To- outdoor temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is constant value；
1+cht- exponential term；
"/"-division, (Tz-To) are the denominator of entire formula；
" * "-multiplication；
Formula E (5) are shown in the 4-2-2-3) calculating of check code R3:
R3=9810*G2/3600* (Pr2cpout-Pr2a) * 100/em/ecp/103*24/N2------E(5)
R3- check code 3, a customized calculating parameter；Because above data is chronological array, finally obtain
R3 is also array, and each value in array is calculated by the measured data of synchronization；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
Pr2cpout- secondary network water circulating pump outlet pressure, MPa；
Pressure after bis- web filters of Pr2a-, MPa；
The adapted electric efficiency of em- secondary network water circulating pump can be obtained according to motor characteristic curve；
The pump efficiency of ecp- secondary network water circulating pump can obtain the water pump effect under different circular flows according to pump characteristic
Rate score；
N2- secondary network water circulating pump power consumption, KWH/ days；
In formula: *-multiplication；"/"-division
4-2-3) survey the judgement of operation data accuracy
4-2-3-1) the zone of reasonableness of check code R1, R2, R3
The zone of reasonableness of R1, R2, R3 are respectively 0.9~1.1,0.8~1.2 and 1.2~1.4；
4-2-3-2) actual measurement ginseng data exception mark
When R1 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G1, Ts1, Tr1, G2, Ts2, Tr2；
When R2 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in Ts2, Tr2, Tz, To；
When R3 exceeds this range, illustrate that there are measured data exceptions in G2, Pr2cpout, Pr2a, N2；
4-2-3-3) processing method when measured data mistake
4-2-3-3-1) when determining that measured data has mistake according to check code, detection pair can be carried out using a live table
Than to confirm that error in data source, compares, surface temperature can be used in temperature as ultrasonic flow rate measurement examination can be used in circular flow
Degree measurement examination compares, and gauge measurement comparison on the spot can be used in pressure, and power consumption can be used the test of hand-held ammeter and compare；
4-2-3-3-2) after finding out wrong data source, the data monitoring instrument of corresponding readings mistake is replaced as the case may be
Table, to guarantee the accuracy of measured data；Validity test data record item number should be greater than entire heating period same time interval
The 80% of data record item number total amount；
4-3) system performance parameter calculates
4-3-1) primary net circular flow ratio rG1, is shown in formula E (6), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1-；
The primary net circular flow of G1-, T/h；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The primary net circular flow design value of G1d-, T/h；
4-3-2) secondary network circular flow ratio rG2 is shown in formula E (7), is a kind of operation characteristic parameter of heating system:
RG2- secondary network circular flow ratio；
G2- secondary network circular flow, T/h；
The average value of secondary network circular flow, T/h；
G2d- secondary network circular flow design value, T/h；
4-3-3) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fex of heat exchanger, is shown in formula E (8), is a kind of inherent characteristic ginseng of heating system
Number:
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of heat exchanger in fex- heat exchange station；
The average value of primary net circular flow, T/h；
The average value of primary net supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of primary net return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
Heat exchanger complex heat transfer coefficient under Uexd- design conditions, W/ DEG C (watt/degree)；
4-3-4) the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert fht of radiator, is shown in formula E (9), is a kind of inherent characteristic ginseng of heating system
Number:
The average value of secondary network supply water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of secondary network return water temperature, DEG C；
The average value of room temperature, DEG C；
Design factor in the experiment of the end cht- radiator heat transfer coefficient, after end equipment determines, this value is constant value；
Uhtd- design conditions lower end radiator complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
5) system dynamic mathematical models, are created
5-1) system dynamic mathematical models form
Cb, Cex1, Cex2, Cht, Cz- respectively indicate heat source boiler, heat exchanger primary side, heat exchanger secondary side, indoor radiating dress
Set the thermal capacity with room air, J/ DEG C, J- joules；
The fuel of uf- heat source boiler controls variable, and numberical range is 0≤uf≤1；
Gfd, G1d, G2d- boiler oil design discharge, primary net design discharge, secondary network design discharge, the unit of flow in formula
For Kg/s；
HV- boiler oil calorific value, J/Kg；
Eb- boiler efficiency；
The specific heat of cw- water, J/KgC；
The primary net circular flow ratio of rG1, rG2- and secondary network circular flow ratio；
The heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of fex, fht- heat exchanger and the heat transfer area surplus coefficiert of radiator；
Uex, Uht, Uen- heat exchanger, radiator and buildings exterior-protected structure complex heat transfer coefficient, W/ DEG C；
LMTD- heat exchanger logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), DEG C；
The solar radiation of qsols, qint- south orientation and indoor heat gain, W/m2；
The outer window ara of Fsols, F- building south orientation and practical area of heat-supply service, m2；
It include the operation characteristic parameter (rG1, rG2) and inherent characteristic parameter of system in dynamic mathematical models 5-2) thus created
(fex,fht)；
It 5-3) include boiler oil control variable (uf) in dynamic mathematical models, for by changing boiler water supply temperature control heat
Source heating load adjusts the heating load of heat source side and the balance of user side calorific requirement；
5-4) in dynamic model system interference data acquisition
5-4-1) system interference is respectively as follows: outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain；
5-4-2) according to simulated time range and monitoring time interval, outdoor temperature, sun spoke are obtained from historgraphic data recording
The historical data with indoor heat gain is penetrated, the historgraphic data recording that usually the correspondence interval time of a Heating Period is 1 hour；Point
Not are as follows:
Time (interval 1 hour), outdoor temperature (DEG C), solar radiation (W/m2) and indoor heat gain (W/m2)；
5-4-3) data between two time points are calculated using straight line insertion method, such as the time at two time points and outdoor temp
Degree is respectively [t1, To1] and [t2, To2], outdoor temp angle value To3 when needing to obtain time between the two time points for t3,
Then calculation formula are as follows: To3=To1+ (To2-To1) * (t3-t1)/(t2-t1)；
6) system default parameter, is obtained by open loop experiment
6-1) after creating the dynamic mathematical models of heating system, open loop experiment can be carried out；
Solar radiation and indoor heat gain 6-2) are set as zero；Heat exchange station heat exchanger heat exchange area surplus coefficiert and radiator heat transfer
Area surplus coefficiert is respectively its inherent characteristic parameter；
Outdoor temperature range 6-3) is determined, usually from 8 DEG C to design outdoor temperature；
Heat supply amount 6-4) is adjusted by adjusting heat source fuel control variable (uf), to make room temperature in system
The close design room temperature of steady-state value during dynamic response, i.e., >=indoor design temperature 98%, the design of room temperature
Value is usually 18-22 DEG C；
When 6-5) amount of outdoor temperature variation reaches preset temperature change value every time, the secondary network supply water temperature of system is recorded
Value, the relationship that so you can get it between outdoor temperature and secondary network supply water temperature are corresponding by outdoor temperature obtained above
Secondary network supply water temperature value fits the relation formula of outdoor temperature Yu secondary network supply water temperature value, by secondary network supply water temperature
As the setup parameter value of system control, i.e., in dynamic mathematical models, in real time when given outdoor temperature, secondary network confession can be calculated
Coolant-temperature gage setting value；
7), the heating system dynamic mathematical models based on creation carry out the emulation of outdoor temperature reset control strategy
7-1) dynamic mathematical models as described above are to be obtained based on system measured data, therefore can be described as practical heating system
Dynamic mathematical models, the dynamic response of following simulation results and real system based on system dynamic mathematical models have consistent
Property；
7-2) in system dynamic mathematical models, interference data: outdoor temperature, solar radiation and indoor heat gain are introduced, using existing
Systematic characterisitic parameter: running and inherent characteristic parameter, the dynamic response under simulation system standing state；
7-3) system control strategy
Heat exchange station secondary network supply water temperature 7-3-1) is controlled by changing primary net circular flow, secondary network heating load is adjusted
Section, indirectly controls room temperature, achievees the purpose that supply-demand mode；
7-3-2) control algolithm
7-3-2-1) use typical case's PI control algolithm
Typical PI controller is a kind of conventional pi controller, and input signal is time, control parameter setting value, control
Parameter measured value processed, the calculation formula of its output signal in this example are as follows:
U- controller output signal；
Kp, ki- ratio and integral constant；
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
T- time, s；
Refer to the integral in time to the difference of secondary network supply water temperature setting value and its measured value；
7-3-2-2) secondary network supply water temperature setting value is obtained by the open loop experiment of above-mentioned dynamical system, is related to outdoor temperature and two
Relationship between secondary net supply water temperature, and formulas for calculating form are as follows:
Ts2sp=a0+a1*To+a2*To2--------------------------------------------E(12)
Ts2sp- secondary network supply water temperature setting value, DEG C；
Design factor in a0, a1, a2- formula；
8), heat exchange station optimizes feature
8-1) characterisitic parameter of above-mentioned heat exchange station passes through actual measurement operating parameter and is obtained by calculating, and ensure that the dynamic number of creation
Learn the accuracy of model；
8-2) the dynamic mathematical models open loop experiment that the setting value of above-mentioned heat exchange station control parameter passes through creation obtains, and maintains
The personalization of heat exchange station keeps heat exchange station control parameter setting value customized according to self-characteristic；
8-3) control strategy selects: can be the control of secondary network mean temperature, two by secondary network Water temperature control policy replacement
Secondary net temperature difference control, the control of secondary network return water temperature, the acquisition methods of the setting value of control parameter are identical, quasi- according to measured data
Close out the relation curve between outdoor temperature and secondary network mean temperature, the secondary network temperature difference and secondary network return water temperature；
8-4) different control strategies are emulated respectively by dynamic model, the difference between more each control strategy carries out excellent
Choosing.
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| CN111156586B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-06-08 | 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 | Heating system regulation and control method based on indoor temperature |
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| CN111023224A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 珠海横琴能源发展有限公司 | Control method and system for hydraulic imbalance of cold/heat supply pipe network |
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| CN111649379A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-11 | 沈阳久沃能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for reducing comprehensive energy efficiency of heat supply system |
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| CN112555979B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-10-01 | 青岛新奥能源有限公司 | Digital simulation system and method for heat supply temperature curve and hydraulic balance adjustment |
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| CN113028492B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-03-22 | 西安交通大学 | Heat exchange station heat exchanger and circulating pump operation switching adjusting device and working method |
| CN113375221B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-12-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Network source cooperative adjustment method for heat supply system |
| CN113776122B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-08-12 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Heat supply control method, device, equipment, medium and product |
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