CN108583680B - Independent steering system of full hydraulic forklift - Google Patents
Independent steering system of full hydraulic forklift Download PDFInfo
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- CN108583680B CN108583680B CN201810288510.1A CN201810288510A CN108583680B CN 108583680 B CN108583680 B CN 108583680B CN 201810288510 A CN201810288510 A CN 201810288510A CN 108583680 B CN108583680 B CN 108583680B
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- steering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/062—Details, component parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an independent steering system of an all-hydraulic forklift. The hydraulic oil pump comprises a hydraulic oil tank, a bidirectional oil pump and a steering oil cylinder; the hydraulic system also comprises a left hydraulic branch and a right hydraulic branch; the left hydraulic branch comprises a left oil inlet one-way valve, a left oil supplementing valve, a left hydraulic control sequence valve and a left one-way valve; the right hydraulic branch comprises a right oil inlet one-way valve, a right oil supplementing valve, a right hydraulic control sequence valve and a right one-way valve. When the steering oil cylinder is in operation, when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder possibly generates instantaneous negative pressure due to external impact, the left oil supplementing valve or the right oil supplementing valve is opened to supplement oil from the hydraulic oil tank to the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder, so that occurrence of a cavity in the system is prevented, and unstable steering process is avoided; when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder is overloaded by external impact, the two hydraulic control sequence valves provide protection, and meanwhile, the overload protection of the pressure oil output by the two cavities of the bidirectional oil pump is also realized. The two hydraulic control sequence valves can also lock the steering cylinder under the condition that the power of the motor is lost, so that the sliding motion caused by the leakage of hydraulic oil is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a hydraulic steering system of a vehicle, and particularly relates to a forklift hydraulic steering system.
Background
The hydraulic steering system of the common forklift mainly comprises a hydraulic oil tank 1, an oil pump 3, a diverter valve 13, a full hydraulic steering gear 14, a steering oil cylinder 7, a system overflow valve 15 and the like, and is shown in fig. 2. The pressurized oil output from the oil pump 3 is distributed to the steering cylinder 6 through the full hydraulic steering 12 at a constant flow rate through the monostable split valve 11 in one portion, and to the other oil passage in the other portion. Therefore, once the forklift is started, the oil pump 3 is operated at the lowest rotating speed to ensure the minimum flow required by steering, and as the oil pump 3 is the only oil supply source of the system, the oil pump displacement is correspondingly larger in order to ensure the working speed requirement of the portal working device, so that once the forklift is started, the oil pump is required to work to meet the minimum flow requirement of a steering system, and the energy consumption is high; in addition, the diverter valve 11 requires a certain control pressure to ensure a constant flow rate to be distributed to the steering cylinder, and the hydraulic oil also causes a part of pressure loss through the steering gear, so that the system has large pressure loss and large energy consumption, and the system is easy to generate heat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an independent steering system of an all-hydraulic forklift, which aims to solve the problems of high pressure loss and high energy consumption of the system and easiness in heating of the system.
An independent steering system of a full hydraulic forklift comprises a hydraulic oil tank 1, an oil pump and a steering oil cylinder 7; the oil pump is a bidirectional oil pump 3.
The hydraulic system also comprises a left hydraulic branch and a right hydraulic branch;
the left hydraulic branch comprises a left oil inlet one-way valve 2, a left oil supplementing valve 4, a left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 and a left one-way valve 6;
the left cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder 7 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the left one-way valve 6, the outlet of the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the inlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 through a left four-way pipe 61; the inlet of the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank 1; the inlet of the left one-way valve 6 is respectively communicated with the left oil port of the two-way oil pump 3 and the outlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve 2 through a left three-way pipe 31, and the inlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve 2 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 1;
the right hydraulic branch comprises a right oil inlet one-way valve 12, a right oil supplementing valve 10, a right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 and a right one-way valve 8;
the right cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder 7 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the right one-way valve 8, the outlet of the right oil supplementing valve 10 and the inlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 through a right four-way pipe 62; the inlet of the right oil supplementing valve 10 and the outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank 1; the inlet of the right one-way valve 8 is respectively communicated with the right oil port of the two-way oil pump 3 and the outlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve 2 through a right three-way pipe 32, and the inlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve 2 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 1;
the inlet of the left one-way valve 6 is communicated with a first control oil way 51 through a left three-way pipe 41, and the first control oil way 51 is communicated with a control oil port of the hydraulic control sequence valve 9;
the inlet of the right one-way valve 8 is communicated with a second control oil way 52 through a right three-way pipe 42, and the second control oil way 52 is communicated with control oil ports of the hydraulic control sequence valve and the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5;
when the steering cylinder 7 works, when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7 possibly generates instantaneous negative pressure due to external impact, the left oil supplementing valve 4 or the right oil supplementing valve 10 is opened to supplement oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 to the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7, so that cavities in the system are prevented, and unstable steering process is avoided;
when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7 is overloaded by external impact, the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 or the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 provides protection, and simultaneously overload protection of the two-cavity output pressure oil of the bidirectional oil pump 3 is also provided.
When no pressure oil passes through the first control oil path 51 and the second control oil path 52, the oil inlet and outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 are not communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9, the steering oil cylinder 7 is locked, and the steering oil cylinder 7 can not act until the motor starts the oil pump to work and output the pressure oil;
the left check valve 6 and the right check valve 8 are for preventing the left or right chamber of the steering cylinder 7 from being impacted by overload pressure generated by external impact to the oil pump 3.
The further defined technical scheme is as follows:
the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the right oil supplementing valve 10 are one-way valves;
the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 and the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 are balance valves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the independent steering adopts the bidirectional oil pump, reduces pressure loss and flow loss caused by oil supply of a single pump source, and simultaneously solves the leakage problem in the steering process.
2. Through two oil supplementing valves and two one-way valves arranged in the system, the damage to the steering oil cylinder and the bidirectional oil pump caused by cavitation and external impact which possibly occur is avoided.
3. The left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 and the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 provide protection for overload generated by external impact on the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7. Meanwhile, overload protection is also carried out on the pressure oil output by the two cavities of the bidirectional oil pump 3. The two hydraulic control sequence valves can also lock the steering cylinder 7 under the condition that the power of the motor is lost, so that the sliding motion caused by the leakage of hydraulic oil is prevented.
4. The invention can be applied to forklift trucks and other hydraulic steering vehicles.
5. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, light and flexible steering and low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic steering system of a common forklift.
Number in the upper diagram: the hydraulic oil tank 1, a left oil inlet check valve 2, a two-way oil pump 3, a left oil supplementing valve 4, a left hydraulic control sequence valve 5, a left check valve 6, a steering cylinder 7, a right check valve 8, a right hydraulic control sequence valve 9, a right oil supplementing valve 10, a motor 11, a right oil inlet check valve 12, a flow dividing valve 13, a full hydraulic steering device 14, a system overflow valve 15, a left three-way pipe 31, a right three-way pipe 32, a left control three-way pipe 41, a right control three-way pipe 41, a first control oil way 51, a second control oil way 52, a left four-way pipe 61 and a right four-way pipe 62.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an all-hydraulic forklift independent steering system comprises a hydraulic oil tank 1, an oil pump and a steering oil cylinder 7; wherein the oil pump is a bidirectional oil pump 3.
The hydraulic system also comprises a left hydraulic branch and a right hydraulic branch;
the left hydraulic branch comprises a left oil inlet one-way valve 2, a left oil supplementing valve 4, a left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 and a left one-way valve 6;
the left cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder 7 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the left one-way valve 6, the outlet of the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the inlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 through a left four-way pipe 61; the inlet of the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank 1; the inlet of the left one-way valve 6 is respectively communicated with the left oil port of the two-way oil pump 3 and the outlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve 2 through a left three-way pipe 31, and the inlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve 2 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 1;
the right hydraulic branch comprises a right oil inlet one-way valve 12, a right oil supplementing valve 10, a right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 and a right one-way valve 8;
the right cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder 7 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the right one-way valve 8, the outlet of the right oil supplementing valve 10 and the inlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 through a right four-way pipe 62; the inlet of the right oil supplementing valve 10 and the outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank 1; the inlet of the right one-way valve 8 is respectively communicated with the right oil port of the two-way oil pump 3 and the outlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve 12 through a right three-way pipe 32, and the inlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve 12 is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank 1;
the left oil supplementing valve 4 and the right oil supplementing valve 10 are one-way valves.
The left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 and the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 are balance valves.
The inlet of the left one-way valve 6 is communicated with a first control oil way 51 through a left control three-way pipe 41, and the control oil way 51 is communicated with a control oil port of the hydraulic control sequence valve 9;
the inlet of the right one-way valve 8 is communicated with a second control oil way 52 through a right control three-way pipe 42, and the control oil way 52 is communicated with control oil ports of the hydraulic control sequence valve and the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5.
A left oil inlet one-way valve 2, a two-way oil pump 3, a left oil supplementing valve 4, a left hydraulic control sequence valve 5, a left one-way valve 6, a steering oil cylinder 7, a right one-way valve 8, a right hydraulic control sequence valve 9, a right oil supplementing valve 10, a motor 11, a right oil inlet one-way valve 12,
The specific working principle is described as follows:
when the bidirectional oil pump 3 is started to rotate by the motor 11, the right cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 absorbs oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the right oil inlet one-way valve 12, and pressure oil output by the left cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 enters the left cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 through the left three-way pipe 31, the left control three-way pipe 41, the left one-way valve 6 and the left four-way pipe 61 to push a piston in the steering oil cylinder 7 to move rightwards; meanwhile, the pressure oil output by the bidirectional oil pump 3 enters a control port of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 through the left three-way pipe 31 and the first control oil way 51, the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 is opened, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 are communicated, so that hydraulic oil output by a right cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 is ensured to flow back to the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the right four-way pipe 62 and the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9; at this time, due to the unidirectional stop effect of the left oil inlet check valve 2, the left oil inlet check valve 2 is closed, so that the pressure oil output by the right side cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 can only enter the left cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 to push the oil cylinder to move rightwards. In addition, the right check valve 8 is also in a one-way cut-off closing state because the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7 outputs pressure oil.
Similarly, when the bidirectional oil pump 3 starts to rotate in the opposite direction, the left cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 absorbs oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the left oil inlet one-way valve 2, and the pressure oil output by the right cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 enters the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 through the right three-way pipe 32, the right control three-way pipe 42, the right one-way valve 8 and the right four-way pipe 62 to push the piston in the steering oil cylinder 7 to move leftwards; meanwhile, the pressure oil output by the bidirectional oil pump 3 enters a control port of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 through the right three-way pipe 32 and the second control oil way 52, the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 is opened, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 are communicated, so that hydraulic oil output by a right cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 is ensured to flow back to the hydraulic oil tank 1 through the left four-way pipe 61 and the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5; at this time, due to the unidirectional stop effect of the right oil inlet check valve 12, the right oil inlet check valve 12 is closed, so that the pressure oil output by the right side cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3 can only enter the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7 to push the oil cylinder to move leftwards. At this time, the right pilot operated sequence valve 9 is in a closed state due to the output pressure oil of the right side cavity of the bidirectional oil pump 3, and the left check valve 6 is also in a one-way cut-off closed state due to the output pressure oil of the left side cavity of the steering oil cylinder 7.
When the steering cylinder 7 works, when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7 possibly generates instantaneous negative pressure due to external impact, the left oil supplementing valve 4 or the right oil supplementing valve 10 is opened to supplement oil from the hydraulic oil tank 1 to the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7, so that cavities in the system are prevented, and unstable steering process is avoided;
when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder 7 is overloaded by external impact, the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 or the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9 provides protection, and simultaneously overload protection of the two-cavity output pressure oil of the bidirectional oil pump 3 is also provided.
When no pressure oil passes through the first control oil path 51 and the second control oil path 52, the oil inlet and outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve 5 are not communicated with the oil inlet and outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve 9, the steering oil cylinder 7 is locked, and the steering oil cylinder 7 can not act until the motor starts the oil pump to work and output the pressure oil;
the left check valve 6 and the right check valve 8 are for preventing the left or right chamber of the steering cylinder 7 from being impacted by overload pressure generated by external impact to the oil pump 3.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an independent steering system of full hydraulic fork truck, includes hydraulic tank (1), oil pump and steering cylinder (7), its characterized in that:
the oil pump is a bidirectional oil pump (3);
the hydraulic system also comprises a left hydraulic branch and a right hydraulic branch;
the left hydraulic branch comprises a left oil inlet one-way valve (2), a left oil supplementing valve (4), a left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) and a left one-way valve (6);
the left cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder (7) is respectively communicated with the outlet of the left one-way valve (6), the outlet of the left oil supplementing valve (4) and the inlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) through a left four-way pipe (61); the inlet of the left oil supplementing valve (4) and the outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank (1); the inlet of the left one-way valve (6) is respectively communicated with the left oil port of the two-way oil pump (3) and the outlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve (2) through a left three-way pipe (31), and the inlet of the left oil inlet one-way valve (2) is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank (1);
the right hydraulic branch comprises a right oil inlet one-way valve (12), a right oil supplementing valve (10), a right hydraulic control sequence valve (9) and a right one-way valve (8);
the right cavity oil port of the steering oil cylinder (7) is respectively communicated with the outlet of the right one-way valve (8), the outlet of the right oil supplementing valve (10) and the inlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve (9) through a right four-way pipe (62); the inlet of the right oil supplementing valve (10) and the outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve (9) are connected in parallel with the hydraulic oil tank (1); the inlet of the right one-way valve (8) is respectively communicated with the right oil port of the two-way oil pump (3) and the outlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve (12) through a right three-way pipe (32), and the inlet of the right oil inlet one-way valve (12) is communicated with the hydraulic oil tank (1);
the inlet of the left one-way valve (6) is communicated with a first control oil way (51) through a left three-way pipe (41), and the first control oil way (51) is communicated with a control oil port of the hydraulic control sequence valve (9);
the inlet of the right one-way valve (8) is communicated with a second control oil way (52) through a right three-way pipe (42), and the second control oil way (52) is communicated with control oil ports of the hydraulic control sequence valve and the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5);
when the steering oil cylinder (7) works, when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder possibly generates instantaneous negative pressure due to external impact, the left oil supplementing valve (4) or the right oil supplementing valve (10) is opened to supplement oil from the hydraulic oil tank (1) to the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder (7), so that occurrence of a cavity in a system is prevented, and unstable steering process is avoided;
when the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering oil cylinder (7) is overloaded by external impact, the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) or the right hydraulic control sequence valve (9) provides protection, and meanwhile, overload protection is carried out on the pressure oil output by the two cavities of the bidirectional oil pump (3);
when no pressure oil passes through the first control oil way (51) and the second control oil way (52), an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) are not communicated with an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the right hydraulic control sequence valve (9), the steering oil cylinder (7) is locked, and the steering oil cylinder can not act until the motor starts the oil pump to work and output the pressure oil;
the left check valve (6) and the right check valve (8) are used for preventing the left cavity or the right cavity of the steering cylinder (7) from being impacted by overload pressure generated by external impact on the oil pump (3).
2. An all-hydraulic forklift independent steering system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left oil supplementing valve (4) and the right oil supplementing valve (10) are one-way valves.
3. An all-hydraulic forklift independent steering system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left hydraulic control sequence valve (5) and the right hydraulic control sequence valve (9) are balance valves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810288510.1A CN108583680B (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | Independent steering system of full hydraulic forklift |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810288510.1A CN108583680B (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | Independent steering system of full hydraulic forklift |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108583680A CN108583680A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
| CN108583680B true CN108583680B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810288510.1A Active CN108583680B (en) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | Independent steering system of full hydraulic forklift |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108583680B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110701121A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-17 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司通信信号研究所 | An integrated hydraulic unit for an electro-hydraulic switch machine |
| CN112793663B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2025-03-14 | 保定市东利机械制造股份有限公司 | A composite automobile hydraulic steering assistance protection system |
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| JPH06345387A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-20 | Tadano Ltd | Control pressure oil supplier for hydraulically-driven winch |
| JP2006076508A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-23 | Hitachi Ltd | Power steering device |
| CN101063447A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Pump apparatus and power steering |
| CN101440799A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-27 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Steering oil pump durability test apparatus |
| CN203044776U (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2013-07-10 | 中国重型机械研究院有限公司 | Closed loop for traveling of forging manipulator |
| JP2017178003A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 古野電気株式会社 | Hydraulic pressure adjustment attachment and steering system for ship |
| CN208216827U (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | A kind of full-hydraulic forklift independent steering system |
-
2018
- 2018-04-03 CN CN201810288510.1A patent/CN108583680B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06345387A (en) * | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-20 | Tadano Ltd | Control pressure oil supplier for hydraulically-driven winch |
| JP2006076508A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-23 | Hitachi Ltd | Power steering device |
| CN101063447A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Pump apparatus and power steering |
| CN101440799A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-27 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Steering oil pump durability test apparatus |
| CN203044776U (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2013-07-10 | 中国重型机械研究院有限公司 | Closed loop for traveling of forging manipulator |
| JP2017178003A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 古野電気株式会社 | Hydraulic pressure adjustment attachment and steering system for ship |
| CN208216827U (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | A kind of full-hydraulic forklift independent steering system |
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| CN108583680A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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