CN108580490A - Solar cell panel dust detects and cleaning systems - Google Patents
Solar cell panel dust detects and cleaning systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN108580490A CN108580490A CN201810132419.0A CN201810132419A CN108580490A CN 108580490 A CN108580490 A CN 108580490A CN 201810132419 A CN201810132419 A CN 201810132419A CN 108580490 A CN108580490 A CN 108580490A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种清洁系统，具体是一种太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统。The invention relates to a cleaning system, in particular to a solar panel dust detection and cleaning system.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能作为一种可再生能源，拥有清洁、环保等优势，被人们广泛应用。太阳能光伏发电系统多位于太阳能资源丰富、土地利用率低、无遮挡物的位置，通常情况下伴随沙尘富集、多风的特点，随着时间的推移风中夹带的沙、尘会在光伏组件表面沉积，这将会影响光伏组件上玻璃盖板的反射率和透过率，从而降低太阳能光伏组件的光学转换效率。长年累月下来会对光伏组件表面产生磨损，从而对光伏组件光学性能及寿命产生不利的影响。在长期使用中难免落上飞鸟、尘土、落叶等遮挡物，被遮蔽的太阳电池组件此时会发热，产生热斑效应。这种效应能严重的破坏太阳电池，降低其光电转换率、减少太阳能电池板的使用寿命。As a renewable energy source, solar energy has the advantages of cleanliness and environmental protection, and is widely used by people. Solar photovoltaic power generation systems are mostly located in locations with abundant solar energy resources, low land utilization rate, and no shelter. Usually, with the characteristics of sand and dust enrichment and windy conditions, the sand and dust entrained in the wind will accumulate in the photovoltaic Deposition on the surface of the module will affect the reflectivity and transmittance of the glass cover on the photovoltaic module, thereby reducing the optical conversion efficiency of the solar photovoltaic module. Over the years, the surface of the photovoltaic module will be worn, which will have a negative impact on the optical performance and life of the photovoltaic module. During long-term use, it is inevitable that flying birds, dust, fallen leaves and other shelters will fall on them. At this time, the shaded solar cell modules will heat up, resulting in hot spot effect. This effect can seriously damage the solar cell, reduce its photoelectric conversion rate, and reduce the service life of the solar cell panel.
针对前面的情况，目前解决的方法有：1、采用人工洒水清洗，缺点是浪费水资源、浪费人力且速度慢；2、智能机器人清洗太阳能电池板，缺点是成本高、效率低，可靠性低；3、目前的太阳能清洗系统清洁力度低、利用度不高。本发明针对现有技术的不足，提出了一种太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统。In view of the previous situation, the current solutions are: 1. Using artificial watering to clean, the disadvantages are waste of water resources, waste of manpower and slow speed; 2. Intelligent robot cleaning solar panels, the disadvantages are high cost, low efficiency and low reliability ; 3. The current solar cleaning system has low cleaning power and low utilization. Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention proposes a solar cell panel dust detection and cleaning system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a solar cell panel dust detection and cleaning system.
太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统，包括信号采集单元、控制单元、驱动单元、传动单元、清洁单元和远程控制中心；Solar panel dust detection and cleaning system, including signal acquisition unit, control unit, drive unit, transmission unit, cleaning unit and remote control center;
所述信号采集单元采集太阳能电池板的输出电压和输出电流。控制单元根据太阳能电池板的输出电压、输出电流换算出光电转换率，并经过与阈值的比较来控制驱动单元，所述的信号采集单元还采集太阳能电池板的温度。控制单元根据太阳能电池板的温度大小与阈值进行比较来控制驱动单元；所述驱动单元通过传动单元连接清洁单元；所述远程控制中心可远程控制系统开启、关闭、定时开启关闭、驱动或停止驱动，方便用户实时监控；所述信号采集单元和控制单元通过无线路由器与所述远程控制中心通讯。The signal collection unit collects the output voltage and output current of the solar panel. The control unit converts the photoelectric conversion rate according to the output voltage and output current of the solar panel, and controls the driving unit through comparison with the threshold value. The signal acquisition unit also collects the temperature of the solar panel. The control unit controls the drive unit according to the comparison between the temperature of the solar panel and the threshold value; the drive unit is connected to the cleaning unit through the transmission unit; the remote control center can remotely control the system to open, close, timed open and close, drive or stop drive , which is convenient for users to monitor in real time; the signal acquisition unit and the control unit communicate with the remote control center through a wireless router.
所述信号采集单元包括具有射频功能的第一微处理器、电源、第一变压芯片、第一LED指示灯、第一蜂鸣器、第一天线、第一温度传感器和电流电压采集模块。The signal acquisition unit includes a first microprocessor with radio frequency function, a power supply, a first transformer chip, a first LED indicator light, a first buzzer, a first antenna, a first temperature sensor and a current and voltage acquisition module.
所述的电源由太阳能板提供，通过第一变压芯片给第一微处理器和电流电压采集模块供电；电流电压采集模块的信号输出端与第一微处理器信号输入端连接，第一温度传感器的信号输出端口与第一微处理器的信号输入端连接，第一LED指示灯和第一蜂鸣器信号输入端口接第一微处理器的信号输出端，第一天线与第一微处理器相连接。The power supply is provided by the solar panel, and supplies power to the first microprocessor and the current and voltage acquisition module through the first transformer chip; the signal output terminal of the current and voltage acquisition module is connected with the signal input terminal of the first microprocessor, and the first temperature The signal output port of the sensor is connected with the signal input end of the first microprocessor, the signal input port of the first LED indicator light and the first buzzer is connected with the signal output end of the first microprocessor, and the first antenna is connected with the first microprocessor connected to the device.
所述控制单元包括具有射频功能及模数转换功能的第二微处理器、伺服电机、滚轴、检测电阻、稳压和滤波电路、光耦、可控硅、第二天线、第一变压器、第二变压芯片、第二LED指示灯、第二蜂鸣器。The control unit includes a second microprocessor with radio frequency function and analog-to-digital conversion function, a servo motor, a roller, a detection resistor, a voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit, an optocoupler, a thyristor, a second antenna, a first transformer, The second transformer chip, the second LED indicator light, and the second buzzer.
所述的控制单元由太阳能板提供电源，通过第一变压器给伺服电机供电，伺服电机与滚轴连接，用于检测滚轴位置的检测电阻与伺服电机的传感齿轮同轴安装，检测电阻的输出端与稳压和滤波电路的输入端连接，稳压和滤波电路的输出端与第二微处理器的信号处理端口连接；所述的第一变压器与第二变压芯片连接，太阳能电池板通过第一变压器与第二变压芯片给第二微处理器供电；第二微处理器的控制端与光耦的输入端连接，光耦的输出端与可控硅连接，可控硅的输出端与伺服电机连接，可控硅控制伺服电机正反转；第二LED指示灯和第二蜂鸣器信号输入端口接第二微处理器的信号输出端，第二天线与第二微处理器相连接。The control unit is powered by the solar panel, and the servo motor is powered through the first transformer. The servo motor is connected to the roller, and the detection resistor used to detect the position of the roller is coaxially installed with the sensing gear of the servo motor. The output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit, and the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit is connected to the signal processing port of the second microprocessor; the first transformer is connected to the second transformer chip, and the solar panel The second microprocessor is powered by the first transformer and the second transformer chip; the control terminal of the second microprocessor is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler, the output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the thyristor, and the output of the thyristor The terminal is connected to the servo motor, and the thyristor controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor; the second LED indicator light and the second buzzer signal input port are connected to the signal output port of the second microprocessor, and the second antenna is connected to the second microprocessor connected.
所述传动单元包括传动链条及齿轮，与驱动单元连接，受驱动单元输出的动力驱动传动单元运动。The transmission unit includes transmission chains and gears, is connected with the drive unit, and is driven by the power output by the drive unit to move.
所述清洗单元由注水口、出水口、滚轴、左雨刷器和右雨刷器组成，第一滚轴及雨刷器可双向清洁太阳能电池板表面，采用可拆卸装配。The cleaning unit is composed of a water injection port, a water outlet, a roller, a left wiper and a right wiper. The first roller and the wiper can clean the surface of the solar panel in two directions and are detachable.
进一步说，所述阈值包括光电转换率驱动阈值、光电转换率停止驱动阈值；温度驱动阈值和温度停止驱动阈值。Further, the threshold includes a photoelectric conversion rate driving threshold, a photoelectric conversion rate stopping driving threshold; a temperature driving threshold and a temperature stopping driving threshold.
本发明的有益效果：1.通过无线技术远程发送数据，可摆脱地域问题，使用户能及时有效发现问题；2.该设备可通过太阳能电池板供电；3.该设备可自动清洗，且清洗效果好，延长太阳能电池板使用寿命；4.该设备造价低廉，远低于市场上机器人的价格。Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. Sending data remotely through wireless technology can get rid of regional problems, so that users can find problems in time and effectively; 2. The device can be powered by solar panels; 3. The device can be cleaned automatically, and the cleaning effect Well, prolong the service life of solar panels; 4. The equipment is cheap to manufacture, far lower than the price of robots on the market.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention;
图2是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统信号采集单元的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the signal acquisition unit of the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention;
图3是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统采集信号并与阈值比较的流程示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of collecting signals and comparing them with thresholds by the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention;
图4是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统控制单元的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a solar cell panel dust detection and cleaning system control unit of the present invention;
图5是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统控制单元的流程示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of the solar cell panel dust detection and cleaning system control unit of the present invention;
图6是本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统整体流程示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:
请参阅图1，本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统包括：控制单元1、驱动单元2、传动单元3、信号采集单元4、清洁单元5和远程控制中心。其中清洁单元包括：注水口5.1、出水口5.2、滚轴5.3、右雨刷器5.4、左雨刷器5.5。Please refer to FIG. 1 , the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention includes: a control unit 1 , a drive unit 2 , a transmission unit 3 , a signal acquisition unit 4 , a cleaning unit 5 and a remote control center. The cleaning unit includes: a water injection port 5.1, a water outlet 5.2, a roller 5.3, a right wiper 5.4, and a left wiper 5.5.
所述远程控制中心具有定时开启、关闭系统的功能，时间可自行设置。远程控制界面显示太阳能电池板的光电转换率、温度信息和该系统的工作状态，方便用户进行实时关注和远程控制。The remote control center has the function of opening and closing the system regularly, and the time can be set by itself. The remote control interface displays the photoelectric conversion rate of the solar panel, temperature information and the working status of the system, which is convenient for users to perform real-time attention and remote control.
所述信号采集单元的检测信号为太阳能电池板的温度和太阳能电池板输出的电压电流值，经计算得到太阳能电池板的输出功率，进而得到光电转换率。请参阅图2，所述信号采集单元包括具有射频功能的第一微处理器、电源、第一变压芯片、第一LED指示灯、第一蜂鸣器、第一天线、第一温度传感器和电流电压采集模块。所述的电源由太阳能板提供，通过第一变压芯片给第一微处理器和电流电压采集模块供电；电流电压采集模块的信号输出端与第一微处理器信号输入端连接，第一温度传感器的信号输出端口与第一微处理器的信号输入端连接，第一LED指示灯和第一蜂鸣器信号输入端口接第一微处理器的信号输出端，第一天线与第一微处理器相连接。The detection signal of the signal acquisition unit is the temperature of the solar battery panel and the voltage and current value output by the solar battery panel, and the output power of the solar battery panel is obtained through calculation, and then the photoelectric conversion rate is obtained. Referring to Fig. 2, the signal acquisition unit includes a first microprocessor with radio frequency function, a power supply, a first transformer chip, a first LED indicator light, a first buzzer, a first antenna, a first temperature sensor and Current and voltage acquisition module. The power supply is provided by the solar panel, and supplies power to the first microprocessor and the current and voltage acquisition module through the first transformer chip; the signal output terminal of the current and voltage acquisition module is connected with the signal input terminal of the first microprocessor, and the first temperature The signal output port of the sensor is connected with the signal input end of the first microprocessor, the signal input port of the first LED indicator light and the first buzzer is connected with the signal output end of the first microprocessor, and the first antenna is connected with the first microprocessor connected to the device.
请参阅图3，首先信号采集单元寻找并加入PAN网络，同意入网后检测是否有无线路由器发送给自己的无线信号；申请未获成功则返回继续申请，直至申请成功为止。当接收到无线路由器的无线信号后，开始读取传感芯片的信号并由无线路由器发送到控制单元与远程控制中心，同时驱动绿色LED发光，控制单元将采集的信号进行转换并通过与远程控制中心设置的阈值相比较，若检测出其中任一信号值超过阈值，蜂鸣器发出警报，红色LED灯发出闪烁红光，同时驱动单元根据所接收到的信号，驱动系统进行下一步操作。Please refer to Figure 3. First, the signal acquisition unit searches for and joins the PAN network. After agreeing to join the network, it detects whether there is a wireless signal sent to itself by the wireless router; if the application is not successful, it returns to continue the application until the application is successful. After receiving the wireless signal from the wireless router, it starts to read the signal of the sensor chip and sends it to the control unit and the remote control center by the wireless router, and at the same time drives the green LED to emit light, the control unit converts the collected signal and communicates with the remote control Compared with the threshold value set in the center, if any signal value exceeds the threshold value, the buzzer will send out an alarm, and the red LED light will flash red light. At the same time, the drive unit will drive the system to the next step according to the received signal.
请参阅图4，所述控制单元包括具有射频功能及模数转换功能的第二微处理器、伺服电机、滚轴、检测滚轴位置的位置检测电阻、稳压和滤波电路、光耦、可控硅、第二天线、第一变压器、第二变压芯片、第二LED指示灯、第二蜂鸣器。所述的控制单元由太阳能板提供电源，通过第一变压器给伺服电机供电，伺服电机与滚轴连接，用于检测滚轴位置的检测电阻与伺服电机的传感齿轮同轴安装，检测电阻的输出端与稳压和滤波电路的输入端连接，稳压和滤波电路的输出端与第二微处理器的信号处理端口连接；所述的第一变压器与第二变压芯片连接，太阳能电池板通过第一变压器与第二变压芯片给第二微处理器供电；第二微处理器的控制端与第一光耦的输入端连接，第一光耦的输出端与可控硅连接，可控硅的输出端与第一伺服电机连接，可控硅控制伺服电机正反转；第二LED指示灯和第二蜂鸣器信号输入端口接第一微处理器的信号输出端，第二天线与第二微处理器相连接。Referring to Fig. 4, the control unit includes a second microprocessor with radio frequency function and analog-to-digital conversion function, a servo motor, a roller, a position detection resistor for detecting the position of the roller, a voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit, an optocoupler, and SCR, second antenna, first transformer, second transformer chip, second LED indicator light, second buzzer. The control unit is powered by the solar panel, and the servo motor is powered through the first transformer. The servo motor is connected to the roller, and the detection resistor used to detect the position of the roller is coaxially installed with the sensing gear of the servo motor. The output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit, and the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit is connected to the signal processing port of the second microprocessor; the first transformer is connected to the second transformer chip, and the solar panel Supply power to the second microprocessor through the first transformer and the second transformer chip; the control terminal of the second microprocessor is connected to the input terminal of the first optocoupler, and the output terminal of the first optocoupler is connected to the thyristor, which can The output end of the SCR is connected to the first servo motor, and the SCR controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo motor; the second LED indicator light and the second buzzer signal input port are connected to the signal output end of the first microprocessor, and the second antenna Connected to the second microprocessor.
请参阅图5，控制单元寻找并加入PAN网络，同意入网后检测是否无线路由器发送给自己的无线信号；申请未获成功则返回继续申请，直至申请成功为止。当接收到无线路由器的无线信号后，输出电机控制信号，控制电机运作带动滚轴、雨刷器滑动进行清洁，实时检测滚轴位置并进行位置判断，若滚轴位置到达工位后，驱动绿色LED发光并进行其他操作。Please refer to Figure 5, the control unit looks for and joins the PAN network, and after agreeing to join the network, checks whether the wireless router sends a wireless signal to itself; if the application is not successful, it returns to continue the application until the application is successful. After receiving the wireless signal from the wireless router, output the motor control signal, control the motor to drive the roller and wiper to slide for cleaning, detect the position of the roller in real time and judge the position, if the roller reaches the position, drive the green LED Shine light and do other things.
请参阅图6，本发明的太阳能电池板灰尘检测及清洁系统整体流程示意图。首先由远程控制中心定时开启该系统，信号采集单元寻找并加入PAN网络，当接收到无线路由器的无线信号后，开始读取传感芯片的信号并由无线路由器发送到控制单元与远程控制中心，信息可在远程控制中心界面上显示出来。控制单元将采集的信号进行转换并通过与远程控制中心设置的阈值（光电转换率阈值及温度阈值）相比较，若检测出其中任一信号值超过阈值，蜂鸣器发出警报，红色LED灯发出闪烁红光，同时驱动单元根据所接收到的信号，驱动系统进行驱动，使传动单元带动清洁单元进行清洗，清洗过程中由控制单元控制滚轴位置。清洗一个工作轮次后，控制单元再次进行阈值比较，若在阈值范围内则停止驱动。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic diagram of the overall process flow of the solar panel dust detection and cleaning system of the present invention. First, the remote control center starts the system regularly, and the signal acquisition unit searches for and joins the PAN network. After receiving the wireless signal from the wireless router, it starts to read the signal from the sensor chip and sends it to the control unit and the remote control center by the wireless router. The information can be displayed on the remote control center interface. The control unit converts the collected signal and compares it with the thresholds (photoelectric conversion rate threshold and temperature threshold) set by the remote control center. If any signal value exceeds the threshold, the buzzer will sound an alarm and the red LED will light The red light flashes, and at the same time, the drive unit drives the drive system according to the received signal, so that the drive unit drives the cleaning unit to clean. During the cleaning process, the control unit controls the position of the roller. After cleaning one working round, the control unit compares the threshold value again, and stops driving if it is within the threshold value range.
按照步骤形式展示上述内容可表示为如下步骤：Displaying the above content in the form of steps can be expressed as the following steps:
步骤1：远程控制中心定时开启系统；Step 1: The remote control center starts the system regularly;
步骤2：信号采集单元采集太阳能电池板输出电流信号、输出电压信号和温度信号；Step 2: The signal acquisition unit collects the output current signal, output voltage signal and temperature signal of the solar panel;
步骤3：控制单元将采集的信号与阈值进行比较并进行间断性轮训；Step 3: the control unit compares the collected signal with a threshold and conducts intermittent training;
步骤4：若其中一信号超过阈值，则控制驱动单元，使传动单元带动清洁单元进行清洁；Step 4: If one of the signals exceeds the threshold, control the driving unit so that the transmission unit drives the cleaning unit for cleaning;
步骤5：清洗一个工作轮次后，循环步骤2-5；Step 5: After cleaning a working round, cycle steps 2-5;
步骤6：远程控制中心定时关闭系统。Step 6: The remote control center shuts down the system regularly.
所述步骤3中的阈值包括光电转换率驱动阈值η1、光电转换率停止驱动阈值η2；温度驱动阈值T1、温度停止驱动阈值T2。The thresholds in step 3 include photoelectric conversion rate driving threshold η 1 , photoelectric conversion rate stopping driving threshold η 2 ; temperature driving threshold T 1 , temperature stopping driving threshold T 2 .
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