CN108578618A - 一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物 - Google Patents

一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物 Download PDF

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CN108578618A
CN108578618A CN201810652148.1A CN201810652148A CN108578618A CN 108578618 A CN108578618 A CN 108578618A CN 201810652148 A CN201810652148 A CN 201810652148A CN 108578618 A CN108578618 A CN 108578618A
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rhizoma
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魏旭東
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪110‑130克,当归15‑25克,枸杞子10‑20克,菟丝子10‑20克,补骨脂10‑20克,仙灵脾10‑20克,沙宛子10‑20克,杜仲10‑20克,骨碎补10‑20克,仙茅10‑20克,狗脊10‑20克,巴戟10‑20克,黑附子3‑9克,山药10‑20克,生地10‑15克等。本发明的组合物以气血双补,阴阳双补为主,培补脾、肝、肾;活血化瘀、去湿利水为辅。方中各药物组分之间彼此配合,协同作用达到了理想的效果。

Description

一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物领域,尤其是涉及一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物。
背景技术
糖尿病属于中医消渴病范畴,由于病程长、病情反复,疗效欠佳,部分患者结治疗失去信心,病情进一步发展,发生严重并发症,甚至危及患者生命。
糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最严重的并发症之一,临床特征为蛋白尿,渐进性肾功能损害,高血压,水肿,晚期出现严重肾衰竭和尿毒症。北京糖尿病治疗中心权威专家介绍说,当前医学界将糖尿病肾病分为五期,当患者进入糖尿病肾功能不全阶段后,不仅伴有水肿,尿蛋白,还伴有高血压等多种症状。从初期的肾小球基底膜和系膜基质的增厚,到后来出现的肾小球荒废,直至最后出现的肾脏缩小,其实伴随的都是肾脏的纤维化。因此,在糖尿病肾病治疗的整个过程中,关键是要及时控制肾脏纤维化,做到有效阻断。那么,通过什么方法才能有效的阻断呢!一般来说应从其发病原因入手,糖尿病肾病发展成糖尿病肾功能不全,最根本的原因是自身机体内自我调节机制功能的紊乱,且在影响到肾脏时没有及时的接受治疗。
鉴于上述原因,中药从补肾的角度对于,糖尿病的治疗进行较为深入的研究。申请号为CN201710860067.6中国专利提供了一种糖尿病治疗用补肾活血药方,由如下重量成分组成:黄芪30-60g、山萸肉10-30g、女贞子30g、知母10g、山药30g、人参6-15g、苍白术10-15g、茯苓15g、当归10-15g、川芎6g、丹参15g、天花粉15-20g、麦冬10g、乌梅6-10g、黄连6-10g、甘草6g。其能够恢复络脉的正常生理功能,促进脏腑功能的康复,改善临床症状,防止或延缓并发症的发生,实用性更强。申请号为CN107737279A的中国专利本发明提供一种治疗糖尿病肾病的中药配方及其制备方法。本发明将生黄芪、生地黄、山茱萸、炒白术、茯苓、薏苡仁、丹参、川芎、土茯苓、制大黄、生牡蛎、扁蓄、车前子、桑寄生、续断、黄连、葛根按照一定比例做成常规的汤剂,本发明具有益气养阴,补肾健脾,活血和络泄浊的功效;通过本发明提供的中药配方,煎煮汤剂后服用,起到治疗糖尿病肾病的目的。但是这两篇专利的治疗效果不够理想。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,解决了现有治疗肾病型糖尿病效果不理想的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪110-130克,当归15-25克,枸杞子10-20克,菟丝子10-20克,补骨脂10-20克,仙灵脾10-20克,沙宛子10-20克,杜仲10-20克,骨碎补10-20克,仙茅10-20克,狗脊10-20克,巴戟10-20克,黑附子3-9克,山药10-20克,生地10-15克,熟地18克,肉桂2-5克,黄连10-21克,川牛膝6-12克,茯苓10-20克,泽泻18克,山萸肉10-20克,白术10-15克,红参10-20克,五味子10-15克,水蛭10-20克,丹参10-15克,鸡血藤20-40克,桑寄生10-15克,川芎6-12克,黄精10-20克,益智仁10-15克和甘草15-20克。
优选的,所述补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪120克,当归20克,枸杞子15克,菟丝子15克,补骨脂15克,仙灵脾15克,沙宛子15克,杜仲15克,骨碎补15克,仙茅15克,狗脊15克,巴戟15克,黑附子6克,山药15克,生地12克,熟地18克,肉桂4克,黄连17克,川牛膝9克,茯苓15克,泽泻18克,山萸肉15克,白术12克,红参15克,五味子12克,水蛭15克,丹参12克,鸡血藤30克,桑寄生12克,川芎9克,黄精15克,益智仁12克,甘草18克。
其制备方法为:将所述药材置于砂锅中加水没过药材2-4寸,大火煮开改小火煮50-60分钟,过滤后,取药水既得汤剂。
汤剂饭前空腹温服,每天三次,每次30-50ml, 8星期为一个疗程。禁食生冷,辛辣油腻食物,服药期间禁房事。
药理药效
黄芪
性味归经:味甘,性微温。归脾、肺经。
功效主治:1. 补气升阳,用治中气下陷。2. 益气固表用治气虚不固的自汗。3. 益气利水,用治气虚水肿。4. 益气摄血,用治气不摄血的吐衄、崩漏、便血、紫癜。5. 益气活血,用治气虚血瘀所致肌肤麻木不仁;中风偏瘫。6. 托毒排脓,用治气血不足,脓成不溃者。
当归
性味归经,味甘、辛,性温。归肝经、心经、脾经。
功效主治,1. 补血调经,用治血虚所致面色苍白、月经不调等。2. 活血止痛,用治跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛;寒滞经络之痹痛。3. 润肠通便,用治血虚津亏所致肠燥便秘。
枸杞子
性味归经,味甘,性平。归经:归肝、肾经。
功效主治,功效:中药枸杞子有滋补肝肾,益精明目。
菟丝子
性味归经,性味味辛、甘,性平。归肝、肾、脾经。
功效主治,功效:中药菟丝子有补阳益阴,固精缩尿,明目,止泻。主治:用于肾虚腰痛,阳痿遗精,小便频数,目暗不明,脾虚泄泻,胎漏下血,胎动欲坠。
补骨脂
性味归经,味苦、辛,性大温。归肾、脾经。功效主治,功效:中药补骨脂有补肾壮阳,固精缩尿,温脾止泻。主治:用于肾虚阳萎,腰膝冷痛,肾虚遗精,尿频遗尿,五更泄泻。
仙灵脾
性味归经:味辛;甘;性温。归肝经;肾经。
功效主治:功效:补肾壮阳;祛风除湿;强筋键骨。主治:阳痿遗精;虚冷不育;尿频失楚;肾虚喘咳;腰膝酸软;风湿痹痛;半身不遂;四肢不仁。
沙宛子
性味归经,味甘、性温,入肝经、肾经。
功效主治:功能为补肝益肾,明目固精。对肝肾不足而引起腰膝酸软、头昏目眩、遗精早泄;小便频数,遗尿,妇女带下等有很好的治疗功效。
杜仲
性味归经,味甘,性温。归肝、肾经。
功效主治,1. 补肾助阳,用治肾阳虚。2. 强筋健骨,用治肝肾不足所致腰膝酸痛、肢软无力。3. 补肾安胎,用治肾虚不固所致胎动不安。
骨碎补
性味归经,味苦,性温。归肝、肾经。
功效主治,功效:补肾,活血,止血,续筋骨。主治:肾虚腰痛,耳鸣耳聋,跌打损伤,瘀肿疼痛。
仙茅
性味归经,味辛,性热,有毒。归肾经。
功效主治,功效:温肾壮阳,祛寒除湿。主治:阳痿精冷,小便不禁,风寒湿痹。
狗脊
性味归经,味苦、甘,性温。归肝、肾经
功效主治,功效:强腰膝,祛风湿,固肾气。主治:肾虚腰痛脊强,足膝软弱无力,风湿痹痛,遗尿,尿频,遗精,白带。
巴戟
性味归经,味辛、性甘,微温。归肾经。
功效主治,功效:中药巴戟天有补肾助阳,祛风除湿。主治:用于阳萎尿频,宫冷不孕,风湿痹痛。
黑附子
性味归经,辛、甘,大热;有毒。归心、肾、脾经。
功能主治,回阳救逆,补火助阳,散寒除湿。治阴盛格阳,大汗亡阳,吐利厥逆,心腹冷痛,脾泄冷痢,脚气水肿小儿慢惊,风寒湿痹,踒躄拘挛,阳萎,宫冷阴,疽疮漏及一切沉寒痼冷之疾。
山药
性味归经,味甘,性平。归脾、肺、肾经。
功效主治,功效:益气养阴,补益脾肺,补肾固精。主治: 脾虚食少、大便溏(大便不成型)泄,肺虚咳喘,遗精尿频,阴虚消渴。
生地
性味归经,味甘、苦,性寒。归心、肝、肾经。
功效主治,1. 清热凉血用治温病热入营血所致壮热神昏;血热妄行所致衄血、便血。2. 养阴生津,用治热病伤津及阴虚内热所致发热口渴、大便秘结。
熟地
性味归经,味甘,性微温。归肝、肾经。
功效主治,功效:养血滋阴,补精益髓。主治:血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,潮热盗汗,消渴,腰酸耳鸣。
肉桂
性味归经,味辛、甘,性大热。归肾、脾、心、肝经。
功效主治,功效:温里中药肉桂有补火助阳,散寒止痛,温经通脉。1、补火助阳,2、散寒止痛,3、温通血脉,用于阴疽及气血虚寒、痈肿脓成不溃,或溃后久不收敛等外科疾患。
黄连
性味归经,味苦,性寒。归心、胃、肝、大肠经。
功效主治,1. 清热燥湿,用治湿热阻滞中焦。2. 清热解毒,用治三焦热盛的高热烦躁;痈疮疔毒症见红肿热痛者。3. 清热泻火,用治火热扰心;胃火上炎。
川牛膝
性味归经,味甘、微苦,性平。归肝、肾经。
功效主治,功效:活血通经,祛风除湿,利尿通淋。主治:血瘀经闭,痛经,难产,胞衣不下,产后瘀血腹痛,跌打损伤,风湿腰膝疼痛,热淋,血淋。
茯苓
性味归经,味甘、淡,性平。归心、脾、肾经。
功效主治,1、利水渗湿,用治水肿胀满、小便不利。2、 补中健脾,用治脾虚湿盛之食少便溏。3、宁心安神,用治心悸怔忡、失眠健忘等。
泽泻
性味归经味甘、淡,性寒。归肾、膀胱经。
功效主治,功效:利水渗湿,泄热。主治:小便不利,水肿,泄泻,淋浊,带下。
山萸肉
性味归经,味酸,性微温。归肝、肾经。
功效主治,1. 收敛固涩,用治遗精滑精、遗尿尿频;崩漏下血、月经过多, 2. 补益肝肾,用治肝肾不足,腰膝酸软。
白术
性味归经,味苦、甘,性温。归脾、胃经。
功效主治,功效:补气健脾,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎。主治: 脾气虚弱,食少便溏(大便不成型),痰饮水肿,表虚自汗,胎动不安。
红参
性味归经,甘、微苦,温。归脾、肺、心经。
功能与主治大补元气,复脉固脱,益气摄血。
五味子
性味归经,味酸,性温。归肺、肾、心经。
功效主治,1、收敛固涩,用治阳虚自汗。2、生津止渴,用治阴虚内热,消渴多饮。3、宁心安神,用治阴血不足所致心悸失眠。
水蛭
性味归经,味咸、苦,性平,归肝经。
功效主治,功效:破血逐瘀。主治:经闭,癥瘕,跌打损伤。
丹参
性味归经,味苦,性微寒。归心、心包、肝经。
功效主治1. 活血通经用治血滞经闭、痛经及产后瘀滞腹痛,可单用本品研末服。2. 祛瘀止痛,用治胸痹心痛;跌打损伤,瘀血作痛。3. 凉血消肿,用治疮疡痈肿。4. 清心除烦,用治热扰心神所致心烦不寐。
鸡血藤
性味归经,味苦、微甘,性温。归肝经。
功效主治功效:中药鸡血藤有活血补血,舒筋活络。主治:用于月经不调,血虚经闭,风湿痹痛,中风不遂。
桑寄生
性味归经,味苦、甘,性平。归经:归肝,肾经。
功效主治,功效:中药桑寄生有祛风湿,补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。主治:用于风湿痹痛,腰膝酸痛,胎漏下血,胎动不安。
川芎
性味归经,味辛,性温。归肝、胆、心包经。
功效主治,1. 活血行气,用治肝气郁结、跌仆损伤、瘀血阻滞所致各种痛证。胸痹心痛;瘀血阻滞所致闭经、痛经。2. 祛风止痛,用治风寒湿痹所致关节冷痛。
黄精,性味归经,性平、味甘。归肺、脾、肾经。
功效主治,功效:中药黄精有润肺滋阴,补脾益气。主治:用于燥咳少痰,食少倦怠,腰膝酸软。
益智仁
性味归经,味辛,性温。归脾、肾经。
功效主治,功效:温脾止泻,暖肾固精缩尿。主治: 腹痛吐泻,食少多唾,遗精遗尿。
甘草
性味归经,味甘,性平。归心、脾、肺、胃经。功效主治,功效:补脾益气,润肺止咳,清热解毒,缓解止痛,缓和药性。主治:脾胃虚弱,气短乏力,心悸怔忡,咳嗽痰少,热毒疮疡,药食中毒,脘腹急痛,四肢挛痛。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明的中药组合物治疗糖尿病肾病,根据临床辩证当属(消渴),(水肿,),(眩晕),(虚劳)等范畴,肾虚,消渴日久,劳伤耗气,阴损及阳是基本发展趋势。糖尿病肾病的基本特点是本虚标实。本病发病之初,多以阴虚为主,涉及肝肾;病变后期,则阴损及阳,伤及心,脾,脾、肾阳虚。气阴两虚、阴阳两虚为本;燥热、水湿、淤血为标,在病变过程中,气虚血淤可贯穿于疾病始终。本发明的组合物治疗中当以气血双补,阴阳双补为主,培补脾、肝、肾;活血化瘀、去湿利水为辅。
方中各药物组分之间彼此配合,协同作用:以黄芪,黑附子,肾十味(枸杞子,菟丝子,仙灵脾,补骨脂,巴戟,仙茅,杜仲,狗脊,沙宛子,骨碎补),桑寄生,益智仁,阴阳双补,以阳抑阴,以阴助阳,温阳益气;生,熟地,山药,山茱萸,黄精配肾十味,补肾固涩,防止微量蛋白流失;黄芪,当归,红参补气生血,大补元气;黄芪,白术,茯苓,泽泻补气健脾,渗湿利水,补中有泄;肉桂,黄连使肾水升,心火降,引火归元,加川牛膝,引药下行;鸡血藤生血活血,丹参,水蛭,川芎活血化瘀,祛淤血而不伤新血,行而不破;红参,五味子益气养阴生津,甘草利水解毒,调和诸药,解黑附子之毒,诸药合用,共奏气血双补,阴阳双补,助阳养阴,补肾之功效。
本发明的中药组方中,药物的用量同样影响药物的疗效:如方中甘草一定要是黑附子的两倍以上,以解黑附子之毒,调和诸药。而肉桂配黄连是,交泰方,经方,治疗心肾不交的,其用量标准为,黄连一定要是肉桂的4倍以上才有效果。
无论是药物组分之间的配伍关系还是药物之间的重量配比,均是中药整体观、协调观的体现,是发明人创造性劳动的结晶。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪110克,当归15克,枸杞子10克,菟丝子10克,补骨脂10克,仙灵脾10克,沙宛子10克,杜仲10克,骨碎补10克,仙茅10克,狗脊10克,巴戟10克,黑附子3克,山药10克,生地10克,熟地15克,肉桂2克,黄连10克,川牛膝6克,茯苓10克,泽泻15克,山萸肉10克,白术10克,红参10克,五味子10克,水蛭10克,丹参10克,鸡血藤20克,桑寄生10克,川芎6克,黄精10克,益智仁10克和甘草15克。
其制备方法为:将所述药材置于砂锅中加水没过药材3寸,大火煮开改小火煮50分钟,过滤后,取药水既得汤剂。
实施例2
一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪130克,当归25克,枸杞子20克,菟丝子20克,补骨脂20克,仙灵脾20克,沙宛子20克,杜仲20克,骨碎补20克,仙茅20克,狗脊20克,巴戟20克,黑附子9克,山药20克,生地15克,熟地20克,肉桂5克,黄连21克,川牛膝12克,茯苓20克,泽泻20克,山萸肉20克,白术15克,红参20克,五味子15克,水蛭20克,丹参15克,鸡血藤40克,桑寄生15克,川芎12克,黄精20克,益智仁15克和甘草20克。
实施例3
一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪120克,当归20克,枸杞子15克,菟丝子15克,补骨脂15克,仙灵脾15克,沙宛子15克,杜仲15克,骨碎补15克,仙茅15克,狗脊15克,巴戟15克,黑附子6克,山药15克,生地12克,熟地18克,肉桂4克,黄连17克,川牛膝9克,茯苓15克,泽泻18克,山萸肉15克,白术12克,红参15克,五味子12克,水蛭15克,丹参12克,鸡血藤30克,桑寄生12克,川芎9克,黄精15克,益智仁12克和甘草18克。
案例一,曲某,男,42岁,在煤矿当普工,由于工作时间长,劳动强度大,经常在井下潮湿环境下作业,常常感到腰膝酸软,疲惫无力,有时觉得体力不支,无法按时完成工作,甚至连夫妻生活质量也大大下降,服用本方18剂后,症状有明显改善,干活有劲了,周身轻松,随访两年无异样。
案例二,付某,女,56岁,自述患糖尿病9年,双下肢水肿反复发作,神疲乏力,疲倦瞌睡,面黄怕冷,口干多饮,腹胀,腰酸,手,足尖麻木,夜尿多,有泡沫,便溏,舌苔黄腻,脉沉细,尿蛋白(++),辩证为阴阳两虚,水湿内蕴。用本方加减,温阳益阴,气血双补,活血利水,每日一剂,水煎服,分3次空腹温服,服用8周后,水肿渐消,精神好转,恶寒减轻,手脚麻木症状明显改善。尿蛋白(+)续加服30剂以巩固疗效。
案例三,尹某,女,68岁,疲倦乏力,气短,头晕,自汗,渴喜热饮,腰酸腿软,舌质淡红,苔薄白,脉细缓,尿蛋白(++),空腹血糖16mmol/l,辩证为气阴两虚型脾肾两虚,当益气健脾,补肾壮腰,阴阳双补,服用本方加减30剂后,症状完全缓解,尿常规,血糖正常,随访5年,均正常。
用本方治疗肾虚、糖尿病肾病患者50例,显效21例,有效24例,无效5例,总有效率90%。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (4)

1.一种补肾和治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,其特征在于,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪110-130克,当归15-25克,枸杞子10-20克,菟丝子10-20克,补骨脂10-20克,仙灵脾10-20克,沙宛子10-20克,杜仲10-20克,骨碎补10-20克,仙茅10-20克,狗脊10-20克,巴戟10-20克,黑附子3-9克,山药10-20克,生地10-15克,熟地18克,肉桂2-5克,黄连10-21克,川牛膝6-12克,茯苓10-20克,泽泻18克,山萸肉10-20克,白术10-15克,红参10-20克,五味子10-15克,水蛭10-20克,丹参10-15克,鸡血藤20-40克,桑寄生10-15克,川芎6-12克,黄精10-20克,益智仁10-15克和甘草15-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪110克,当归15克,枸杞子10克,菟丝子10克,补骨脂10克,仙灵脾10克,沙宛子10克,杜仲10克,骨碎补10克,仙茅10克,狗脊10克,巴戟10克,黑附子3克,山药10克,生地10克,熟地15克,肉桂2克,黄连10克,川牛膝6克,茯苓10克,泽泻15克,山萸肉10克,白术10克,红参10克,五味子10克,水蛭10克,丹参10克,鸡血藤20克,桑寄生10克,川芎6克,黄精10克,益智仁10克和甘草15克。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪130克,当归25克,枸杞子20克,菟丝子20克,补骨脂20克,仙灵脾20克,沙宛子20克,杜仲20克,骨碎补20克,仙茅20克,狗脊20克,巴戟20克,黑附子9克,山药20克,生地15克,熟地20克,肉桂5克,黄连21克,川牛膝12克,茯苓20克,泽泻20克,山萸肉20克,白术15克,红参20克,五味子15克,水蛭20克,丹参15克,鸡血藤40克,桑寄生15克,川芎12克,黄精20克,益智仁15克和甘草20克。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗和预防糖尿病肾病的中药组合物,由如下重量的原料组成:黄芪120克,当归20克,枸杞子15克,菟丝子15克,补骨脂15克,仙灵脾15克,沙宛子15克,杜仲15克,骨碎补15克,仙茅15克,狗脊15克,巴戟15克,黑附子6克,山药15克,生地12克,熟地18克,肉桂4克,黄连17克,川牛膝9克,茯苓15克,泽泻18克,山萸肉15克,白术12克,红参15克,五味子12克,水蛭15克,丹参12克,鸡血藤30克,桑寄生12克,川芎9克,黄精15克,益智仁12克和甘草18克。
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